Earticle

The rapid expansion of e-commerce has highlighted several operational challenges, including product quality not meeting customer expectations, order quantity discrepancies, and high return rates due to impulsive consumer purchases. These challenges necessitate enhancing return logistics service quality to retain existing customers and attract new ones in a competitive market. This study explores the impact of return logistics service quality on customer satisfaction and how it varies based on the reasons for returns. Additionally, it examines the relationship between customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The research draws on existing literature on return reasons, reverse logistics, and service quality to establish a theoretical foundation. Service quality in return logistics was analyzed under four categories: responsiveness, speed, cost-effectiveness, and convenience. To achieve these objectives, we used a survey based on respondents' answers to collect data and conduct statistical empirical analysis as the methodology of this study. Findings indicate that the quality of return logistics significantly influences customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions. The study also demonstrates that the reasons for returns can moderate the effect on customer satisfaction, which in turn mediates the impact on repurchase intentions. These insights suggest that improving return logistics could significantly enhance customer loyalty and increase repurchase rates.

These days, as become active, we try to prove effect that awareness of meaning out on purchasing behavior and customer loyalty. For this purpose, we described prior literature and we examined various researches to provides understanding of relationships with Ethical consumption. To verify these hypotheses, data were collected through survey, and the data were tested by reliability, validity, correlation, structural equation modeling analysis. Ethical/Social Duty, Altruism, Ego-identity are impact on social cognitive consumption positively, but it`s not related with activist consumption. However, Ethical/Social Duty is positive impact on activist consumption as well as loyalty. Till now, study only focus on Ethical consumption refer to personal morality. However this study expands from individual, neighbor to social for subject of consumption, and personal belief of political/social refer to meaning out impacts on theoretical and business perspective.

This study proposes a prioritization framework for digital transformation (DX) projects in energy public enterprises, which must balance public value and profitability. Grounded in Freeman’s stakeholder theory, it identifies three strategic objectives: core business value creation, social value realization, and future value acquisition. From these, nine strategies and 19 projects were derived. A three-level Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to evaluate the relative importance of each project, with input from 32 field experts. The findings highlight “core business value creation” as the top priority. High-ranking projects include developing generative AI solutions, integrating carbon and renewable energy management, and establishing disaster response systems. The study emphasizes the importance of stakeholder-centered design, safety-focused approaches, and AI-driven innovation. Practical implications include phased AI adoption, ESG-digital integration, and early investment in critical long-term initiatives. This framework supports systematic and strategic decision-making in DX for public energy enterprises.

This study introduces the DAINOS Framework as an integrated management approach for hyper-scale AI projects in manufacturing, characterized by technical complexity and multi-organizational collaboration. As open innovation becomes more common, large-scale AI initiatives increasingly involve diverse stakeholders such as data providers, AI developers, infrastructure suppliers, and users. Traditional Work Breakdown Structures (WBS) often fail to clarify roles, facilitate functional communication, or coordinate collaboration effectively. To address these limitations, DAINOS is proposed as a role-based meta-framework that complements WBS. It consists of six domains—Data, AI, Infrastructure, Network, Organizing, and Service —and provides functional context to tasks through auxiliary labeling. This enables clear role alignment and structured collaboration. Grounded in systems engineering, complexity theory, and collaborative network theory, DAINOS was applied to a large-scale AI service development project involving 15 institutions. Results showed it functioned as a common language among stakeholders, reducing confusion and enhancing project governance. In qualitative assessments, stakeholders reported clearer role recognition, reduced inter-organizational friction, and more effective communication; for example, 15 participating institutions achieved streamlined decision-making processes and observed measurable improvements in collaboration efficiency. The study contributes both theoretical insights and practical tools for managing complex socio-technical systems. DAINOS also shows promise as a generalizable framework applicable to sectors such as aerospace, defense, and healthcare. Future work will focus on quantitative evaluations, cross-industry comparisons, and developing a maturity model for framework evolution. In summary, these research directions aim to further develop DAINOS into a robust and generalizable governance framework with practical applicability and scalability, thereby enhancing project governance and collaboration in hyper-scale AI projects and similar multi-organizational R&D initiatives, and ultimately contributing to diverse industries.

AstheInternetpropagatestovirtuallyallpopulations,theculturelimitedtoaspecificfandomspreadstoall Internetusers,creatinganewera.Thisenvironmentchangesthetraditionalattitudeofthecelebrityindustry's goodsmarkettowardsfandom.Thismarketentersintothedemand-centeredstageinwhicheverythingis drivenbythecustomer'sdesires,andaltogethercompaniesaremovingtowardcustomerorientationtoprovide consumerswithmaximalvalueInthispaper,wedrawuponcustomerexperiencemanagementtheoryto derivecrucialantecedentsaffectingwidespreadacceptanceofcelebritygoods.Theresearchmodelisdeveloped firstlytoidentifywhataretheappropriatevariablessuitabletothecelebritygoodsmarket,andthen subsequentlyextracttheantecedentvariablesaffectingthesecustomerexperiencevariablesfromthequality perspective.Empiricaltestingisconductedwithatotalof282questionnairesgatheredthroughwebandoffline person-to-personcontact.TheresultsverifysignificantcausalityrelationshipsamongthevariablesincludingP2P qualityattributesandextractedexperiencevariablessuchaspeacefulnessandmomentoftruthimpact.The resultoffersusefulinsightintotherelativelynewfieldoffandomeconomyandthecelebritygoodsmarket.

Today, consumers want a seamless experience when using the service. In particular, existing studies on digital kiosk self-service of hotels have recognized enjoyment and convenience factors as important on the surface, but no specific discussion on these factors has been made. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the enjoyment and convenience of the hotel's digital kiosk self-service on customer satisfaction and to verify the moderating effect of the untact propensity in the era of untact consumption after COVID-19. Through this, I tried to suggest marketing strategies and implications for hotel management revitalization. Descriptive analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis were performed utilizing SPSS 21 and the Smart PLS programs. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, enjoyment did not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Second, convenience was found to have a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Third, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of the untact propensity, it was found that enjoyment and convenience did not strengthen the effect on customer satisfaction. Based on these results, the hotel's digital kiosk self-service marketing strategy and theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

The business environment from 2020 to 2024, marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, digital transformation, and strengthened ESG regulations, has dismantled industry boundaries, positioning inter-industry convergence as a critical driver of corporate competitiveness. This study aims to identify the success factors of inter-industry convergence strategies from a value chain perspective and empirically validate them across ICT, manufacturing, bio-health, content, and logistics industries. The impacts of digital technology adoption, value chain modularity and standardization, ESG sensitivity, network density and collaboration experience, and convergence strategy capability on the realization of convergence strategies were analyzed. Using data of 200 firms, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling confirmed high reliability and validity for all variables, with digital technology adoption and convergence strategy capability exerting the most significant influence on convergence success. ESG sensitivity and network density showed differentiated contributions across industries. This study suggests that firms should leverage digital technologies and collaboration networks to strengthen convergence strategies and build sustainable value chains aligned with ESG standards. Practically, ICT firms should prioritize AI and IoT technologies, while bio-health firms should focus on ESG-driven innovation. Policy-wise, support systems to foster inter-industry collaboration are essential.

ESG has increasingly established a foothold in the field of social welfare and is emerging as a significant paradigm. However, empirical evidence regarding its applicability and implementation within social welfare organizations remains limited. This study conducted an exploratory investigation to assess the applicability of ESG management to the social welfare sector. A structured survey was administered to the directors of 19 social welfare organizations in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The survey instrument was designed by identifying the primary functions and tasks of social welfare organizations and applying the PDCA Cycle framework. The analysis revealed results regarding stepwise promotion rates, institutional promotion levels, positive and negative perceptions, and detailed awareness and implementation tasks related to ESG management. Overall, the study found that ESG management adoption remains at an early stage, with substantial variation across institutions. Based on these findings, the study proposes core implementation strategies and detailed guidelines to facilitate the revitalization and effective integration of ESG management within the social welfare sector.

Over the past two decades, South Korea has implemented a broad range of smart city development projects. To ensure the success of these initiatives, the entire project lifecycle—from planning and execution to collaboration and performance assessment—must be managed systematically and efficiently. However, current practices vary widely across municipalities and individual cities, resulting in inconsistencies, fragmented procedures, and reduced operational efficiency. This study aims to develop an integrated and standardized management process for smart city development at the portfolio, program, and project (PPP) levels. Based on international standards such as ISO 21500, ISO 21502, and ISO 21504, as well as globally recognized project management frameworks including PRINCE2 and PMBOK, the proposed model is tailored to the characteristics, administrative structures, and policy context of Korean smart city initiatives. The study also introduces a multi-layered governance structure that incorporates the perspectives of diverse stakeholders—public agencies, private firms, academia, and citizen groups. This governance model enhances transparency, strengthens decision-making, and improves execution capabilities across projects. By providing a consistent planning, implementation, and evaluation framework, this research contributes to the stability and sustainability of national smart city policies. Additionally, the proposed standardized model offers practical value as a benchmarking framework for developing countries pursuing smart city development.

The purpose of this study was to confirm the mediating effect of organizational fairness in the influence of the ethical leadership of SME managers on organizational culture. The subjects of this study were SME workers located in northern Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, who conducted a 30-day survey from July 1 to August 1, 2021, and completed and analyzed the questionnaire for 508 people. SPSS and AMOS 25.0 were used for data analysis. As a result of the study, first, ethical leadership showed a positive effect on organizational culture and organizational fairness. Second, organizational fairness showed a positive effect on organizational culture. Finally, the mediating effect of organizational fairness was examined in the influence of the ethical leadership of SME managers on organizational culture. Based on the research results, policy support for the creation of organizational fairness and organizational culture of SME employees, opportunity to develop and practice ethical leadership capabilities of SME managers, and practical implications for effective organizational culture formation were proposed.