Earticle

The goal of this study was to obtain baseline data for detoxification by analyzing the factors influencing free radical levelsin women. Data were collected through questionnaires and urine tests between November 2014 and February 2015 from women between 20 and 65 years of age. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Pearson’s correlation, and ANOVAusing SPSS version 21.0. Sleep satisfaction of participants was 55.4, fatigue was 61.3, and free radical was 646.9mmol/mL. Sleep satisfaction was significantly different according to economic status(F = 8.42, p<.001). Fatigue was significantly different according to health(F = 5.33, p = .006) and economic status(F = 8.42, p<.001). Free radicals were significantly different according to age(F = 8.84, p<.001), economic status(F = 10.12, p<.001), level of education(F = 6.79, p = .001), and occupation(F = 4.30, p = .006). Age(r = .437, p<.001), sleep(r = -.199, p = .013), and fatigue(r = .159, p = .049) were statistically significantly correlated with free radical levels. Factors influencing free radicals were age(β = .612, p<.001), medium economic status(β = -.324, p = .007), high economic status(β = -.467, p<.001), high school education(β = .338, p = .004), and college education(β = .338, p = .004); the explanatory power of all influencing factors was 33.2%. Detoxification management for reducing free radical levels has to consider subjects who are between the ages of 40 and 60 years and who have low economic status and level of education. A comprehensive analysis that includes free radical-related variables, such as diet, exercise, living habits, and environment, needs to be carried out in the future.

In this research, we investigate the MHD peristaltic transportation of a conducting blood flow with porous medium through inclined coaxial vertical channel. Applying wave frame analysis, exact analytic solutions have been obtained for the axial velocity. Expressions for the pressure gradient, pressure rise and the shear stress are also obtained and the numerical results are presented graphically for different values of the physical parameters of interest. It is found that the axial velocity decreases with increase in magnetic field and the axial velocity increases with increase in Da and α and η. It has been observed that the pressure gradient decreases with increase in Da andQ. The shear stress at the lower wall increases with increase in Da, η and α. The shear stress at the wall y = h2 has an opposite behavior compared with shear stress at the wall y = h1.

Purpose: This qualitative study was carried out to understand the experiences of nursing graduate candidates as a group. Methods: Experiential data were collected by means of in-depth interviews with seven experienced graduating student nurses. Conclusion: The results showed the following theme clusters in terms of the experiences of nursing graduate candidates: Feelings as a novice, lack of confidence in performing the job as a preliminary nurse, vagueness and anxiety about human relationships, conflicts in the process of becoming a nurse, and strengthening competence in the process of becoming a nurse. Therefore, it is necessary to change negative elements, such as conflicts and pressures experienced as a graduate candidate, and a strategy is needed to strengthen the positive elements of a student becoming a nurse; such changes may have a positive influence on nursing students’ academic success and their role performance as new nurses after graduation.

This study aims to ensure the autonomy of dental hygienists through an oral preventive care program based on the dental hygiene process, and to provide basic data to support systematic and professional oral care. It was intended to determine changes in patients’ oral-related knowledge, awareness, practice, OHB and other various oral hygiene care indices through the dental hygiene process. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 21.0), and statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. Frequency analysis was performed for general characteristics and two-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed to compare changes in the oral health care indices of the dental hygiene process. In addition, paired t-test was performed to compare differences in oral health knowledge, awareness, practice and OHB, and bivariate correlation analysis was performed to determine correlations between them. In the results of this study, it was found that there were significant decreases in S-0HI, PSR Score and BOP, O’Leary through the dental hygiene process, showing that the oral preventive care program was effective (p<.001). Oral health knowledge, awareness, practice and OHB were also found to be significantly increased, revealing that there were positive changes (p<.001). It is expected that the clinical application of this dental hygiene program would be established as an effective manual to improve the oral environment.

The anti-hyperglycemic effect of methanolic soluble fractions of Cressa cretica (Convolvulaceae) made up of the whole plant (flower, root, leaf, stem) was investigated in alloxan (150 mg/kg) induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats. It’s effect was compared with that of negative control, glibenclamide (0.9 mg/kg) as standard reference drug and Vit-E (100 IU/kg) as anti-oxidant standard. The physico-metabolic parameters measured were: Body weight, glycogen content in liver and muscle, serum glucose, speroxide desmutase (SOD) and histopathological examination of pancreas were also observed. Oral administration of MECC (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg) for 28 days exhibited a significant reduction in blood glucose. An improvement of glycogen content in liver and muscle, body weight, hepatic enzyme like SOD was observed. The results of this work suggest that MECC may possess anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidant property.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an educational program about reproductive health promotion on knowledge, attitude, and behavior at reproductive age in Luwero district in Uganda. A single-group pretest-posttest design was used to find the effect of education. Subjects were 720 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) who lived in seven sub-counties in Luwero district. First, individuals working as midwifes in the community were trained; subsequently, these individuals administered the education program to community members including the village health team. The results indicate that education affected participants’ knowledge (t = 29.58, p < .001), attitude (t = 25.16, p < .001), and behavior (t = 12.98, p < .001) regarding family planning and reproductive health.

This paper studies Health Information System (HIS) for administrative automation by the use of library and internet resources .The Goal is to identify valid urology research centers in the country so that scientific communications be increased; indeed idea exchange, technology and up-to-date urology knowledge be achieved .Thus, we will be able to promote the science level and to search novel diagnostic methods and to treat urology diseases especially kidney disease. There have been some collaborations with executive-research centers in the country in order to do some researches in urology field of study [1]. The method applied here is making use of different data transfer styles to clarify which one is suitable for urology research centers. Finally, it can be declared as conclusion that an available health information system brings a better decision making in the treatment processes and develops therapeutic results. The contribution of this study is significant when management of Information is on the focus in health systems.

This study was conducted to identify differences in job characteristics, and levels of job burnout and job satisfaction of medical tourism coordinators. It also aimed to discover a relationship among variables, and to identify impacting factors on job satisfaction. 102 subjects participated in this study. They were employees at domestic medical organizations which are officially certified to treat overseas patients in South Korea. The findings of this study were as follows. The mean scores were 3.84 out of 5 for job characteristics, 2.98 out of 7 for job burnout, and 3.46 out of 5 for job satisfaction. The levels of medical tourism coordinators’ job burnout (p=.042) and satisfaction (p=.039) were discovered to be different according to their work locations. However, job characteristics did not differ according to general characteristics. In this study, a positive correlation between job characteristics and job satisfaction (p=.008) along with a negative correlation between job burnout and job satisfaction (p<.001) was discovered. Moreover, it was found that job characteristics and burnout were impacting factors on job satisfaction accounting for 38.4% of job satisfaction. Thus, it is important not only to define job characteristics more clearly through job analysis, but also to analyze the factors likely to result in job burnout in order to increase job satisfaction.

The present study aimed to identify factors affecting maternal–fetal attachment behaviors among unmarried pregnant women. The research participants included 105 unmarried pregnant women from 15 shelters for unmarried mothers around the country. The data were collected from January to February 2015 through a survey and descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis were analyzed using SPSS 20. The results suggest that current childcare plans and support from friends were significant factors affecting maternal–fetal attachment behaviors. The overall explanatory power of these variables for maternal–fetal attachment behaviors was 30.5%, with friend support being more influential than current childcare plans. This study indicates that prenatal care aimed at enhancing the maternal–fetal attachment of unmarried pregnant women would benefit from taking childcare plans and support from friends into consideration.

The cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides high resolution images of the heart without radiation exposure. It is an excellent noninvasive test used by radiologist for proper detection of heart diseases. The manual segmentation of left ventricle in cine short axis MRI sequences takes an ample amount of time as compared to semi-automated segmentation. In Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) model certain barriers hinder the performance such as weak edge detection, high computational time, limited capture range and its ambiguity with other parameters. In this paper segmentation of Endocardium is carried out on multistage MRI frames Using Adaptive Diffusion flow (ADF) model. This deformable model was tested on large scale number of Cardiac MRI images. We replace the smoothening energy term in GVF with active hyper-surface harmonic minimal function in order to avoid possible leakage at weak edges. The use of harmonic maps is adjusted in accordance with image characteristics. We also assimilate infinite Laplace function to move active contours into narrow concave sections. Experimental results and collation with GVF are presented in this paper which reveals several good results based on extraction of endocardium tissue from left and right ventricle, including less computational time, noise robustness and weak edge preserving on Cardiac MR Images.

We aimed to investigate how different coping styles for regret appraisals and experiences affect subjective well-being among middle aged women. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 40–65 year old women residing in D city and K province of South Korea. For data analysis, SPSS/WIN 21.0 was used to conduct t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analysis. We found several correlations between subjective well-being and sub-scales of regret coping styles: pursuit of alternative goals was positively correlated with life satisfaction, while ruminating on regret, goal separation, and pursuit of alternative goals were positively correlated with psychological well-being a domain of subjective well-being. The hierarchical regression analysis indicated that life satisfaction, another aspect of subjective well-being, increased with higher monthly income, lower regret intensity, and greater pursuit of alternative goals. Meanwhile, with psychological well-being, as another aspect of subjective well-being, was found to be positively predicted by better perceived health and greater rumination on regret, goal weparation and pursuit of alternative goals. These results demonstrate the need to develop and implement programs that consider the various regret coping styles to increase the standards of subjective well-being among middle aged women in South Korea.

The aim of this study was to compile a subjective categorization of newly licensed nurses with whom comprehensive nursing service hospital nurses want to work and to describe the characteristics of each type as well as to identify categories of the new nurses. The study utilized Q Methodology with 60 nurses of more than one year experience at public hospitals located in Seoul as the nurses were asked to classify 70 statements on perception of new nurses. The collected data was analyzed through QUANAL PC program. In this study, the types of new nurses with whom experienced nurses wanted to work with were categorized into 6 types: “Punctual and Responsible,” “Warm and Empathetic,” “Integrated and Open,” “Prudent Learner,” “Realistic Ideal,” “Mission and Compassion.” By defining the ideal image of a new nurse through categorization of new nurses with whom experienced nurses want to work, this study has provided the baseline data for better human resources management and reducing work stress for new nurses. In addition, these set of findings may provide for more effective training programs for new nurses. This study also established the theoretical framework for a nurse manager’s arrangement of arbitration in helping new nurses adjust.

Data Mining is the process of extract information from a data set and transform it into an understandable structure. Classification is a data mining task, used to classify data among different predefined clusters. The paper proposes a new classifier utilizing MLP approach by maintaining the clusters based on similar feature. The improved MLP approach can handle noisy data, reduce complexity and increases the performance. This technique has been applied for automating medical diagnosis. This paper analyzes the lung CT-scan images for identifying and classifying them among the various lung diseases (i.e., bronchitis, emphysema, pleural effusion or normal) by emphasizing on the problematic area.

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between pregnancy stress and anxiety in high-risk, pregnant Korean women and the mediating effect of the sense of mastery. The participants in this study were 118 high-risk pregnant women. They were diagnosed with high-risk pregnancy during the 20th–38th weeks of gestation at university hospitals between March 3rd, 2015, and March 30th, 2015, and they either visited obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics for prenatal examinations or entered delivery rooms. Collected data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program. Participants’ general and obstetric characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The relationship between the participants’ pregnancy stress, anxiety, and sense of mastery was investigated using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. In order to investigate the mediating effect of the sense of mastery on the relationship between the participants' pregnancy stress and anxiety, a multiple regression analysis was conducted. To investigate the significance of the mediating effect, the Sobel test was conducted. We confirmed that the sense of mastery exerted a significant partial mediating effect on the influence of the participants' pregnancy stress on anxiety. This study is significant since it empirically verified that the anxiety of high-risk pregnant women decreased as the pregnancy stress decreased and as the sense of mastery increased. Based on the findings of the present study, future studies should focus on developing prenatal intervention programs aimed at the prevention and management of high-risk pregnant women's anxiety and on investigating the effectiveness of such programs.

The present study compared the performances of three types of boats of different shapesto develop boats that are more efficient for the activation of water leisure. Three types of inflatable boats were used in the experiment: kayak boat A, which is relatively wide; kayak boat B, which is relatively long; and boat C, in which a frame was installed. The paddles used in the experiment were 230 cm long and made of plastic by the same company, and six healthy male university students participated in the experiment. In the experiment, boat C, which is an inflatable boat with an added frame, showed the highest straight sailing speed, leading to the conclusion that the straight sailing performance of boat C is superior to that of boats A and Bwithout any frame. Boat C was greater in stability and rotation capacity compared to the other boats, although the differences were not statistically significant. The reason why boat C, which is a framed boat, could sail faster than other boats is considered to be based on the fact that the experimental subjects psychologically judged that boat C was safe because its lateral rolling was lesser than that of the other two boats and it took stronger and faster stroke motions.

This paper presents the design and development of a microcontroller based heartbeat and body temperature monitor using fingertip and temperature sensor. The device uses the optical technology to detect the flow of blood through the finger and offers the advantage of portability over conventional recording systems. However, wireless body area network based remote patient monitoring systems have been presented with numerous problems including efficient data extraction and dynamic tuning of data to preserve the quality of data transmission. Evaluation of the device on real signals shows accuracy in heartbeat measurement, even under intense physical activity. This paper presents these challenges as well as solution to these problems by proposing an architecture which allows a network to be formed between the patient and doctor in order to enable remote monitoring of patient by analyzing the data of patient. The device consists of sensors which are used to measure heartbeat as well as body temperature of a patient and it is controlled by a central unit. The readings from these sensors are further processed and sent via GSM module to a remote location where it is displayed on cell phone. The optical heartbeat sensor counts the heartbeat per minute and temperature sensor measures the temperature from the body and both the measured data are sent to a receiving end utilizing wireless technology where the data is displayed in a cell phone for further processing and patient care. Moreover, the superiority of this device is shown in comparison to traditional system.

The purpose of the study is to assess the effect of basic CPR training by 2010 AHA guideline in nursing students in order to provide nursing students with the basic data on CPR training. The study features a pre-experiment that uses a before-after design in a single group. The study selected 102 nursing students who participated in training pro-grams conducted in the CPR Center of the C University located in G City from Jan. - Sept. 2013. The study used a knowledge measurement tool that was modified by the re-searcher based on the 2010 AHA guideline and Park Jeong-mi's tool (2006), and the tools of Kang Kyung-hui (2004) and Park So-hyun (2002) were modified by the re-searcher and used for attitude measurement. For self-efficacy measurement, the study used a tool modified by Park Jeong-mi (2006), which modified the tools of Kang Kyung-hui (2004) and Schlesse, et al., (1995). The study used the SPSS WIN 19.0 program for data analysis to calculate technical statistics for general characteristics, CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of participants, and conducted a paired t-test to verify differences in general characteristics, CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy, and a paired t-test to verify differences in CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy before and after training. For correlation analysis between CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of study participants, the study used Pearson's correlation coefficients. The study showed that the basic CPR training for nursing students significantly im-proved knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy in relation to CPR, and the correlation between the variable results suggests a net significant correlation between CPR attitude and self-efficacy only.

This correlational study provides basic data concerning important factors influencing suicide dimensions among the elderly by determining the characteristics of health behavior among the elderly and analyzing their association with suicide. This study used primitive data from “The 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the 1st year (2013)” conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 2,458 study subjects aged over 55 participated in this study. Statistical analysis of the study data was performed using SPSS 21.0. Frequency analysis was performed on the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, and a Chi-squared test was used to examine the correlations between the study variables in relation to the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratio for the correlation analysis. The results of this study were as follows. First, variations in suicide dimension factors according to elderly classifications and the presence of chronic diseases showed statistically significant differences in relation to the presence of economic activities, the presence of a spouse, and overall health behavior factors. Second, of all the main factors that affect suicide dimensions, the presence of a spouse, subjective health status, restriction of physical activities, and stress level were shown to have statistically significant effects. To reduce the suicide dimensions of the elderly, it will be necessary to help them escape chronic diseases, increase their physical functions with regular physical activities and health status maintenance, and manage their depression, which is the first stage of the suicide dimension. This can only be accomplished by developing social programs based not only on individual efforts but also on an accurate understanding of the elderly population.

The objective of this paper is to design and coordinate controllers that will enhance transient stability of three dimensions motor subject to large disturbances. Two specific classes of controllers have been investigated, the first one is a type of disturbance signals added to the excitation systems of the generating units. To address a wide range of operating conditions, a nonlinear control design technique, called highly nonlinear computed torque control, is used. While these two types of controllers improve the dynamic performance significantly, a coordination of these controllers is even more promising. Results show that the proposed control technique provides better stability than conventional computed torque fixed gain controllers.

This study is based on oral health knowledge and oral health belief, oral health behaviors are processed of Chinese Students' Studying in Korea. This research was based on self questionnaire survey which 217 Chinese students Studying in Korea. As to oral health belief according to general characteristics, benefit was 2.77 points (p=0.014) in male students. Oral health beliefs and health of the sensitivity of the seriousness and barrier increasing the motivation to increase susceptibility showed a positive correlation. In this study, Chinese students` learn proper oral health knowledge will be required to be properly trained, improving oral health, oral health education beliefs lead to action would be to help.

There is a relatively high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in South Korea. In general, hepatocellular carcinoma is diagnosed between ages 45 to 65 with differing rates among the age groups; also the causative links to this particular cancer type is thought to be different from country to country. This study aimed to analyze the proportion of the patients who were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma by gender and document the differences in survival rates according to the stages of the cancer. Our study was based on the insurance claims data filed with one company from 2009 to 2011 for liver cancer. This data was used to classify patients according to their cancer stage, age and gender. We also analyzed survival rates in each group and noted their differences. From our study the proportions of deaths in males were higher than in females, but within each group there were no significant differences by age. Our analysis also indicated that the survival rate for stages 1-2 cancer patients were relative high at more than 70%. The proportion of patients surviving stages 3 and 4 cancer diagnosis was considerably lower with 20% surviving in 5 years. Considering the age groups of the patients, the mortality rate for patients aged 50-60 due to cancer was higher than patients aged 20-40. Because of the lower survival rates in stages 3 and 4 diagnosis group and in the 50-60 age population, it is necessary that we rethink our practices for treatment and nursing for these groups to better provide for them. In addition the insurance health coverage may also be tiered to this population set according to age and stage groupings.

This research is to present a new approach for the classification of the Penaeid Prawn Species. The extraction of Texture features based on the Gabor filter is proposed in this method. These extracted features are used for the classification of Penaeid Prawn Species based on Radial Basis Probabilistic Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines. The texture of the prawn image are extracted based on different scales and orientations by which mean and standard deviation are calculated. The resultant Gabor feature values are fed as input to Radial basis Probabilistic Neural Network Classifier for the classification of the species. The experimental results show the performance of the extracted feature vectors for Penaeid Prawn species recognition. The RBPNN gives better recognition when compared with Support vector machines.

The aim of this study was to evaluate Kinesio Taping can improve muscle activity, joint angle, gait ability in patients with stroke suffering foot drop. Total 25 patients were selected as subjects of this study and were divided into two groups. Experimental group participated in the Kinesio Taping on ankle joint with treadmill walking, while control group wore AFO on ankle joint with treadmill walking for 4 weeks, 30 minutes per session, three times per week. In two groups, muscle activity was measured using the EMG, joint angle was measured using the Dartfish program, and gait ability was measured using the 10meter walking test before training and after 4-week training. Experiment group showed a statistically significant improvement muscle activity, joint angle, gait ability compared to control group in 4 week. Application of Kinesio taping has a more positive effect on the muscle activity, joint angle, gait ability than AFO of the patients with stroke suffering foot drop.

This study investigated the correlation between knowledge and performance of radia-tion protection among operating room nurses. The research design was a descriptive survey. Data were collected by using a questionnaire from August 24 to September 7, 2015. The participants were 184 operating room nurses. The average score for radiation protection knowledge was 8.68(SD=2.65). The average score for the performance of radiation protection behaviors was 3.16(SD=0.67). There were no significant differences in knowledge of radiation protection according to general and occupational characteris-tics. However, there were significant differences in performance of radiation protection according to gender, age, education, and special health screening. Knowledge and per-formance of radiation protection had a significant positive correlation (r=.23, p<.01). This study concluded that educational programs are needed to improve performance of radiation protection among operating room nurses.

Both selection and competition are expected to influence the composition of the advancing generations of the population. Further their effects are normally cumulative such that the latter generations are more influenced than the early ones (relative to S0). Therefore selfed samples of S1, S2, and etc. generations of the population are not only expected to differ from the S0 which is the base population but they may also differ from each other. The overall means of various generations within the B and D synthetic populations were compared to determine the pattern of differences that may exist between them.

One of the most important processesin a machine learning-based natural language processing module is to represent words by inputting the module. This can be accomplished by representing words in one-hot form with a large vector size without applying the concept of semantic similarity between words, or by word representation (word embedding) with vectors to represent lexical similarity. This has attracted keen research interest by improving the performance of several natural language processing modelssuch as syntactic parsing and sentiment analysis (also known as opinion mining). In this study, classification performance of Word2Vec, canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and GloVeare tested on a corpus that established using the titles and abstractsof 204,674biomedical articles published in PubMed. Categories include disease name, disease symptom, and ovarian cancer marker.Ovarian cancer markers were used as bio-markers.The classification performance of each word representation model for each category is visualized by mapping the results in two-dimensional word representations using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE).

In this study, nursing students underwent simulation training with the aim of assessing the effects of post-simulation debriefing using a clinical judgment rubric to evaluate clinical judgment, communication, and skill performance. There were statistically significant differences between-group differences in participants’ clinical judgment and communication. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of skill performance.

The purpose of this study is to identify the Perception factors and structures of the nursing students’ experience in simulation based leraning by using Q-methodology. 38 statements as a Q-sample are selected from the in-depth interview, and P-sample consists of 37 nursing students who experienced simulation based education. The 38 selected Q-statements from each of the 35 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Result: The collected data was analyzed using the pc-QUANL program. The results revealed two discrete groups of students toward simulation based learning: ‘The results suggest the perception factors of nursing students’ experi- ences can be grouped into four categories: ‘Recognizes of the nursing competency’, ‘Recognizes the importance of integrated nursing,’ ‘Recognizes the improved ability to handle emergency situations,” and “Recognizes the transformed learning methods.’ Conclusion: The findings revealed that teaching and learning strategies based on the four factors of attitudes could beneficially contribute to the customization of simulation-based learning.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for a program or policy proposals to relieve stress occurring in a family, through checking the family relation stress of immigrant women and the factors that affect stress.The target of this study was 538 immigrant women who marry Korean husbands and live in South Korea, and the method was narrative research.This study has validated significant difference in staying term in Korea, national origin, educational level of husband, expected and actual information about husband, and language used in conversation with husband. And the major factor affecting the family relation stress appeared couple satisfaction and life satisfaction in Korea.Developing and providing a program to increase couple satisfaction and life satisfaction in Korea according on the results of this study will help the stable settlement of multicultural families in Korea.

Cyanoacrylate glues are quick setting materials which rapidly cure to hard, clear glassy resins. Its synthesis too has not been reported in the open literature so far. Synthetic methods, which engage esterification of cyanoacetic acid with a preferred alcohol, polymerization by knoevenagel condensation and successive depolymerization, are applied to the synthesis of lower membered alkyl cyanoacryaltes in which the alkyl groups carry less than 8 carbons. We have synthesized 1-octyl cyanoacetate by a traditional method involving p-toluene sulphonic acid as the catalyst. In the second step, we have attempted the preparation of poly (n-octyl cyanoacrylate) by the reaction of formaldehyde with n-octyl-2-cyanoacetate in the presence of both piperidine and potassium carbonate in the absence of any solvents. Its FTIR spectrum confirmed its functional groups: Its –OH stretching yielded a broad band around 3400 cm-1. The polymer was depolymerized using poly phosphoric acid catalyst under vacuum to obtain the monomer. A simple method of obtaining monomer was also attempted by the reaction of 1-octyl- 2-cyano acetate and diiodomethane in the presence of potassium carbonate. This process directly yields the monomer. The second method looks better than the others, and it can be applied to any type of alcohols.