Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 초임교사 멘토링에 필요한 초등 수석교사들의 역량요소를 구체화하고 각 요소별 중요도와 실행준비도를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문헌분석과 전문가 의견조사를 통해 5개의 역량군과 37개의 역량요소로 구성된 멘토링 역량모형을 구안하였으며, 전국에 근무하는 254명의 초등 수석교사들로부터 수집된 설문조사를 통해 중요도-실행준비도 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 연구진이 구성한 역량요소의 중요도에 대한 반응은 높은 것으로 나타났지만, 중요도와 실행준비도 사이에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나고 있었다. 교직 경력에 따른 실행준비도에 있어서는 경력 15-19년 집단과 다른 집단, 경력 30년 이상과 다른 집단 사이에 유의미한 차이가 나타나고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 향후 초등 수석교사들의 멘토링 역량을 강화하기 위해 필요한 방안을 제시하고 있다.

The primary purpose of this study is to examine what competencies are necessary for Korean elementary master teachers to work as mentors for beginning teachers. Based on literature review, five areas of competencies made up of 37 components in total was constructed, which was cross-checked by 10 education scholars and practitioners. Survey data, then, collected from 254 elementary master teachers to see their responses to these competencies. Major results indicate that the master teachers generally agree with the significance of the competencies proposed by the researchers. Significant gaps, however, appeared in their responses to the importance of those competencies and to the degree of preparedness to perform those competencies in practice. In addition, it turned out that master teachers with longer teaching careers are more likely to have higher level of preparedness to work as mentor teachers. Based on these results, this study examines how to assist master teachers to be better prepared to work as mentors for beginning teachers.

글로벌 의료기기 시장은 디지털, 인공지능과 로봇 공학 등 첨단 기술의 도입과 의료 기술의 혁신으로 성장을 지속하고 있으며, 이러한 성장은 의료기기 산업에 대한 규제 요건 변화 및 산업 경쟁력 강화에 기회와 도전을 동시에 제공한다. 국내 의료기기 시장도 세계 시장과 마찬가지 상황으로 정부는 의료기기 산업 육성을 위해 다양한 정책을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 의료기기 산업의 경쟁력 강화 측면에서 추진하고 있는 정부의 정책적 지원 중 하나인 의료기기 특성화대학원의 교육 서비스 품질을 분석하였으며 정부 정책의 효과성을 검토하였다. 연구에서는 특성화 대학원의 교육 서비스 품질 측정을 위해 서비스 품질 이론을 바탕으로 교육환경, 교육과정, 교육결과 등에 대한 만족도 측정 문항을 개발하였으며, 의료기기 산업 특성화대학원을 운영하는 3개 학교의 2013년부터 2022년까지의 입학생 640명을 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 응답자는 169명이며 설문지의 타당성과 신뢰도를 확인하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석과 Cronbach's α 검사를 수행하였고 내재적 중요도 산출을 위해 수정 IPA 수행 후 IPA Matrix를 통해 결과를 해석하였다. 연구 결과 교육 프로그램의 중요도는 교육성과, 실무경험, 교육과정, 교육환경 순으로 나타났으며, 만족도는 교육성과, 실무경험, 교육환경, 교육과정 순으로 높게 나타났다. 수정 IPA 결과 중요도와 만족도가 모두 높아 특성화대학원 서비스 품질을 결정짓는 핵심 요인은 취업 및 이직 성과, 교육시설, 지식재산권 성과, 인턴십 내용인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 중요도는 높지만, 특성화 대학원의 서비스 품질을 떨어뜨리는 요인은 취득학위, 자기 계발 성과, 논문 성과, 교수진 구성, 인턴십 참여기업 속성으로 분석되었다. 반면 협력 기업, 기술이전 및 기술사업화(창업)성과, 교과목 강의내용, 연구 프로젝트 경험, 교과목 강의 수준은 만족도는 높지만 중요하지 않은 요소로 교수진 수, 교과목 수, 비교과 프로그램, 장학금 지급 수준은 중요도와 만족도가 모두 낮은 항목으로 나타났다.

The global medical device market continues to expand through the introduction of sophisticated technological advances, including digitalization, artificial intelligence, and robotics, as well as innovations in medical technology. This expansion presents both opportunities and challenges in terms of adapting to evolving regulatory requirements and enhancing industry competitiveness. A similar situation can be observed in the domestic medical device market in South Korea, where the government is implementing various policies with the aim of strengthening the medical device industry. This study evaluates the quality of educational programs offered by medical device specialization graduate schools, one of the government’s strategies to strengthen the competitiveness of the domestic medical device industry. To assess the quality of educational programs at specialized graduate schools, satisfaction measurement items pertaining to the educational environment, curriculum, and educational outcomes were devised using the principles of service quality theory. An online survey was conducted among 640 students enrolled in medical device specialization graduate schools at three universities from 2013 to 2022. A total of 169 responses were collected, and exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s α test were performed to confirm the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The results were interpreted using the IPA Matrix following the conduct of a revised IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis), which determined the implicitly derived importance. The findings of the research indicate that the importance of educational programs is ranked in the following order: educational outcomes, practical experience, curriculum, and educational environment. Similarly, satisfaction is highest for educational outcomes, practical experience, educational environment, and curriculum, in that order. The revised IPA results indicate that the key factors determining the quality of services in specialized graduate schools are employment and career advancement outcomes, educational facilities, intellectual property outcomes, and internship content. Furthermore, while factors such as degree acquisition, self-development outcomes, thesis outcomes, faculty composition, and attributes of participating companies in internships are important, they may have a negative impact on the quality of specialized graduate school services. Conversely, factors like collaboration with companies, technology transfer and commercialization (entrepreneurship) outcomes, course content, research project experience, faculty-to-student ratio, number of courses, extracurricular programs, and scholarship payment levels are considered less important despite high satisfaction levels.

본 연구는 기술력이 우수한 업체를 선정하고 평가의 신뢰성을 보장할 수 있는 무기체계 연구개발사업의 제안서평가체계를 마련하기 위해서다. 이를 위해 제안서평가에 영향을 미 치는 요인들을 평가항목, 가중치, 평가방법 등으로 구분하여 현행 제안서 평가체계의 한계 점을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 평가모형 개선에 관한 주요 연구내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현행 평가모형의 평가요소를 기술개발능력과 사업이행능력으로 구분하고, 제안서 평가에서 핵심요소를 추출하기 위해 중요도-성취도분석(IPA)을 실시하였다. 둘째, 최종 채택된 평가요소는 현행 평가항목과 Mapping 방식을 통해서 계층구조를 재 설계하였고, 계층분석기법(AHP)을 적용해 객관적인 가중치를 산출하였다. 끝으로, 개선된 평가모형에 대한 전문가 설문조사를 통해 현행 평가모형과 비교해 상대 적으로 우수한 유효성을 확보하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개선된 제안서 평가제도는 경쟁력 있는 방위산업을 육성하는데 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

The purpose of this study is to develop a technical competence evaluation system to meet the purpose of evaluation (technical capability evaluation) of weapons system R&D project and ultimately to improve the evaluation system of proposals that can guarantee the reliability of evaluation. Findings of this study to improve evaluation model are as follows. First, “Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA)” technique was applied in this study to extract key elements to be used as evaluation items in proposal evaluation. Second, after selecting evaluation factors, hierarchical structure was redesigned through mapping method with existing evaluation items. Also objective weight was calculated by applying Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Lastly, expert survey was found proposed model is superior to current evaluation model in terms of effectiveness. The proposed evaluation model is looking forward to contribute selecting providers with outstanding technical capability and project performance capability in phase of proposal evaluation, securing fairness and reliability of evaluation system.

본 연구는 교원의 직무역할을 효과적으로 수행하기 위한 연수 프로그램 구안의 기초 자료를 마련하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해, 먼저 전국 17개 시․도교육연수원에서 이루어지는 6,600 여개의 연수 과정 분석을 통해 교원연수 프로그램의 유형을 4개 대영역, 13개 중영역, 32개 소영역으로 분류하고, 이에 대해 15명의 전문가들로부터 분류의 타당성과 명칭의 적절성을 확인한 후 조정하였다. 이후 32개 소영역에 대해서 직급별(교단교사와 관리자･전문가), 학교급별(유치원, 초중고교, 연수원 등), 경력별(저･중저･중고･고) 연수의 실태(수행도)와 바람직한 수준의 중요도를 확인하였고, 그 차이를 기초로 Borich 교육요구도를 통해 직급별, 학교급별, 경력별 교육우선순위를 확인하였다. 그 결과 직급‧학교급‧경력별 차이는 있지만, 대체적으로 교원복지, 교권, 장애학생지원, 학습부진학생지원, 진학지도, 직업지도 등의 연수 프로그램이 집중노력 영역으로, 학사관련 연수프로그램은 과잉투자 영역으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 실제 이루어지는 연수를 대상으로 교원의 의견을 광범위하게 수렴한 것으로, 현행 연수 프로그램에 대한 비판적 이해와 향후 바람직한 연수 프로그램 개발에 대해 일정한 시사를 주고 있다.

This study is intended to provide a basis for development and training program for school teachers performing their job roles effectively. First, we classified teacher training program into 4 large classes, 13 middle classes and 32 small classes. Then, we asked the teachers to choose among the 32 small classes by importance-performance analysis. Teacher’s welfare, teacher’s authority and rights, support service for disabled students, support service for underachieving students, educational and vocational guidance received high importance in that order whilst having comparatively low performance status. Those small classes were suggested to be in need of ‘concentrated effort.’ On the other hand, training program for miscellaneous paperwork-related was viewed as an ‘overinvestment’, having low importance and high performance status. In detail, opinions slightly vary by teacher’s status, career experience and school level. On the basis of the study result, we would like to suggest that the teacher training program should have a customized plan according to teacher’s status, work experience and school level. And it is necessary for an institutional measure plan to make related persons understand that teacher’s on-the-job training program is a lifelong self-development education and voluntary participation in it.

Purpose: This study's aim was to confirm the importance and performance of the clinical practice of nurses working in the general wards of a tertiary hospital and to analyze their educational needs. Methods: The study employed a descriptive research design, and a self-reported questionnaire was developed and used for nurses in a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from July 22 to July 29, 2022, analyzed by an independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA for the importance and performance of each clinical nursing practice according to general characteristics, and then a post hoc verification was performed by Scheffé's test. An Importance-Performance Analysis and Borich needs assessment model were used to analyze clinical nursing education needs. Results: Clinical nursing practice performance showed a significant difference according to length of total clinical career, time working in current department, and preceptor experience. According to the results of the Importance-Performance Analysis, neurological evaluation, and nursing intervention, artificial respirator and high-flow oxygen inhalation nursing, chemotherapy, emergency nursing, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were identified as belonging to the "concentrate here" quadrant. All these items ranked in the top 10 in the Borich needs assessment model. Conclusion: Based on these results, the current education system should be reviewed, and short and long term education strategies based on educational needs should be established to strengthen the competence of nurses.

본 연구는 지난 20년간 지속해서 확대되어온 자활사업이 참여자의 욕구에 부합하고 있는가를 IPA를 활용하여 실증적으로 분석하고, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 실천적 함의를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 IPA 분석 기법을 활용하여 자활사업이 참여자 욕구에 잘 대응하고 있는지를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 자활사업 참여자 수급 지위에 따라 보유한 자원과 필요로 하는 자원이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 또한 참여하는 자활사업단 유형에 따라, 또한 수급유형에 따라 참여자가 필요로 하는 자원이 다른 것으로 발견되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자활사업에서 참여자의 욕구와 자활사업에서 제공되는 서비스가 부합하지 않는 가능성을 제기하며, 이는 지역자활센터 사례관리자가 참여자에게 필요하다고 인식하는 서비스와 참여자가 실제로 필요하다고 느끼는 서비스가 일치하지 않음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 연구의 발견으로부터 자활 실천 방안을 제안한다.

The self-sufficiency program has consistently extended as a representative work-related welfare program for the last twenty years in South Korea. The current study aims to investigate self-sufficiency program corresponds to what participants want using importanceperformance analysis (IPA) and provide practical implications from study findings. The results of IPA (importance-performance analysis) found that South Korean self-sufficiency program is generally discrepant from participants’ needs and participants’ needs are different for each sub-programs as well as for types of welfare receipt. Additionally, the degree and trend of conformity between participants’ needs and what program provides are different according to sub-programs participants join and types of welfare participants receive. The current study suggests the necessity of self-sufficiency practice centered on case management from the study findings.

목적: 중학생 시기는 불안정하고 다양한 변화를 경험하는 과도기로 왜곡된 성지식을 무분별하게 습득할 수 있 기 때문에 내실있는 성교육이 필요하다. 성교육을 강화하기 위해서는 성교육 담당교사의 성교육에 대한 인식 도를 파악할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 IPA 방법을 활용하여 중학교에서 성교육을 담당하는 보건교사와 일반교사를 대상으로 성 교육의 핵심개념에 대한 중요도와 수행도를 파악하고, 성교육에 대한 인식 수준의 차이를 비교함으로써 성교 육 담당교사에게 필요한 역량개발의 내용과 범위를 확인하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 17개 시ㆍ도별 중학교 각 10개 학교를 무작위로 선정하여 해당 학교에서 보건교사와 일반교사 각 1명을 조사대상으로 하였으며, 이 중 보건교사 77명, 일반교사 70명 등 총 147명이 설문조사에 응답하여 이를 모두 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 설문조사는 2014년 5월 18일부터 2014년 5월 29일까지 시행되었다. 결과: 연구결과 담당교사별 학교 내 성교육 실시 현황에서 연간 성교육 실시 시간(p=0.016)과 실시하고 있는 성교육 수업 방법 중 교과내용에 대한 강의식 수업(p=0.001)에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 보건교사가 응답한 성교육 핵심개념에 대한 중요도는 ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대한 점수가 가장 높고, ‘가정 폭력’에 대한 점수가 가장 낮았으며, 일반교사의 경우는 ‘성폭력 실태와 문제점’, ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대 한 중요도가 가장 높고, ‘임신과 출산’, ‘HIV와 AIDS’에 대한 중요도가 가장 낮았다. 보건교사와 일반교사의 중 요도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 보건교사가 응답한 성교육 핵심개념에 대한 수행도는 ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대한 점수가 가장 높고, ‘가정 폭력’에 대한 점수가 가장 낮았으며, 일반교사의 경우는 ‘신체상’에 대한 수행도가 가장 높고, ‘준비된 성관계’ 에 대한 수행도가 가장 낮았다. 보건교사와 일반교사의 수행도에서 ‘준비된 성관계(p=0.036)’, ‘음란물 바로보 기(p=0.015)’, ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법(p=0.017)’ 등의 핵심개념에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이들 모두 보건교사 가 일반교사보다 수행도 점수가 높았다. 보건교사의 성교육 핵심개념별 IPA 결과를 살펴보면, 1사분면에 11개, 2사분면에 3개, 3사분면에 10개, 4사분 면에 4개의 핵심개념이 분포되었다. 이 중 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 2사분면에 위치한 개념은 ‘성 욕구 조절’, ‘준비된 성관계’, ‘생식기 건강관리’에 대한 것이었다. 일반교사의 성교육 핵심개념별 IPA 결과를 살펴보면, 1사분면에 11개, 2사분면에 6개, 3사분면에 9개, 4사분면 에 2개의 핵심개념이 분포되었다. 이 중 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 2사분면에 위치한 개념은 ‘의사결정’, ‘청소년의 성 인식’, ‘성 욕구 조절’, ‘피임’, ‘가정폭력’, ‘음란물 바로보기’에 대한 것이었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 중학교 보건교사와 일반교사의 성교육 수행도에 차이가 있으므로, 교사별 특성을 고려한 전문화된 연수가 실시되어야 하겠다. 둘째, 중학교 보건교 사와 일반교사에서 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 핵심개념을 강화하기 위한 방안이 마련되어야 하겠다. 셋 째, 향후 고등학교에서도 보건교사와 일반교사를 대상으로 본 연구에서 실시한 IPA 방법을 이용하여 중요도와 수행도의 차이를 비교하는 것이 필요하겠다.

Purpose: In this study, the research has been conducted on the health teachers and general teachers who are in charge of sexual education in the middle schools to find out their understanding on the degree of importance and degree of performance on key concept of the sex education and then compare their differences in the recognition of sex education which leads to find out the contents and range of capabilities required for the teachers in charge of sex education. Methods: A descriptive research on 77 health teachers and 71 general teachers using IPA and SPSS/WIN was practiced. Results: The result of research showed that there are significant differences in the annual hours for sex education of their schools, the contents of the sex education which was given in the lecture type lesson, and their performance degree. It was also found the distribution of key concepts by differences in IPA matrix. Conclusion: As there are the differences in the performance degree in sex education between health teachers and general teachers in middle school, more specific education for each of them is needed. And the way to reinforce the key concepts, which are found high in perceived importance degree for both health teachers and general teachers, but low in the performance degree should be considered.

This study used importance-performance analysis of different attributes of Bulgogi to investigate Americans' interest in this food. The results of this study will help determine the potential of expanding its consumption in the American foodservice market. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 diners in Korean restaurants located in New York, U.S.A. from July 13 to Oct 8, 2009. A total of 172 copies were returned and analyzed in this study. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0. Of the total subjects, 74.4% were already familiar with Bulgogi and 69.2% had at least one experience trying it. Targeting the respondents who had eaten Bulgogi, preference and satisfaction toward the dish, as well as the intention to repurchase and recommend it to others, were examined, and scores were found to be very high at 4.53, 4.46, 4.26, and 4.47 points, respectively, on a 5-point scale. According to importance-performance analysis, the top five Bulgogi attributes in importance were taste, freshness, flavor, tenderness, and juiciness, and those for performance were freshness, flavor, taste, tenderness, and overall acceptability. However, sweetness and saltiness showed relatively lower performance and ease of purchase was noted as an attribute needing improvement. Therefore, American consumers' needs for Bulgogi should be met by enhancing its flavor, while maintaining the traditional taste, as well as by supplementing the channels providing Bulgogi.

본 연구는 마산항에 기항하는 항만이용자들이 인식하고 있는 마산항의 만족도를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, 우선 4가지 평가영역과 20개의 평가항목으로 구성된 평가모형을 도입하였다. 다음으로, 마산항 이용자들이 인식하고 있는 중요도와 그에 따른 만족도를 효과적으로 검토하기 위해서 중요도-만족도 분석 기법을 활용하였다. 마산항에 기항하는 선사 및 해운 대리점업체로부터 수집된 조사자료를 분석한 결과, 전반적으로 중요도에 비해 만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 항로다양성, 기간항만 및 수출입국가와의 연계성, 전용터미널 활성화, 이용자 중심의 편의시설 측면이 중요도에 비해 만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 이러한 부분에 대한 개선방안 수립이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the satisfaction of the Masan port, based on the survey data collected from shipping companies and shipping agents. To achieve this objective, evaluation model was adopted. And, Importance-Performance Analysis as a research methodology for data analysis was used. For analysis of the satisfaction of the Masan port, data from 44 shipping companies and agents that actually call at Masan port were collected. From the results of analysis, it was found that there are gaps between overall importance and satisfaction. And the results of the data analysis showed that Masan port has some weaknesses in the diversity of sea route, activation of exclusive terminal, and convenient facilities for port users.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and perceived importance of 52 clinical research nursing activities in Korea and to apply importance?performance analysis (IPA) to identify areas requiring improvement. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted among 96 clinical research nurses (CRNs) with ≥2 years of experience. Data were collected online in May 2022 using a questionnaire addressing 14 general characteristics and 52 clinical research nursing activities across five dimensions: clinical practice (CP), study management (SM), care coordination and continuity, human subjects protection, and contributing to the science (CS), as defined by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Frequency and importance were evaluated on a 6-point Likert scale. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, the t-test, analysis of variance with Duncan post hoc tests, and IPA. Results: The mean frequency and importance scores for the 52 activities were 2.02±1.27 and 2.91±1.24, respectively. CP activities were performed most often and rated as most important, whereas CS activities were performed least often and rated as least important. Higher education, certification, and professional association membership were associated with higher CS activity frequencies. IPA revealed strengths in CP and core SM activities, while regulatory reporting, data integrity assurance, and site audits were underperformed despite being highly important. Conclusion: Korean CRNs play essential roles in CP and SM but require enhanced education, institutional support, and clearer role delineation in regulatory and quality-assurance activities. These findings provide evidence to guide CRN education, policy development, and the strengthening of professional identity among CRNs in Korea.

본 연구는 자율주행 대중교통 서비스의 효율적 발전을 위한 발전 전략을 수립할 목적으로, 안양시 자율주행 시범운행지구의 자율주행 대중교통 서비스 이용자를 대상으로 설문 조사 및 중요도-만족도 분석(importance-performance analysis)을 수행하여 서비스 개선 우선순위를 도출 했다. 이용자의 정량평가 및 정성평가 결과를 종합한 결과, ‘경제성' 지표의 자원을 ‘편리성' 지표에 재분배해야 하는 것으로 나타났으며 이에 따라 발전 전략으로 ‘서비스 유료화를 통한 과투자 자원 확보 및 자체 앱(application) 성능 강화에 재투자’할 것을 수립하였다. 본 연구를 통해 안양시 자율주행 대중교통의 운영 효율성 향상과 이용자 만족도 극대화를 위한 구체적인 발전 전략을 제시하여 자율주행 대중교통 서비스의 발전에 이바지하고자 한다.

This study aimed to establish a development strategy for enhancing the efficiency of autonomous public transportation services. The service improvement priorities were identified through a survey and importance-performance analysis (IPA) of users in the Anyang City Autonomous Driving Pilot Zone. These results suggest that resources allocated to the ‘Economics’ indicator should be redirected to the ‘Convenience’ indicator. The proposed strategy involves ‘monetizing the service to secure resources and reinvesting them in improving the proprietary application (app).’ This research provides a solid strategy to enhance operational efficiency and maximize user satisfaction, helping advance autonomous public transportation services.

수정된 IPA는 전통적 IPA와 비교시 실제 방문객 만족도가 반영된 관리전략을 수립하는데 있어 효과적인 방법이다. 그러나 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA의 비교연구는 제한적이다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 순천만 습지 내 효과적인 관리전략을 구축하기 위해 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA를 비교분석하였다. 첫째, 수정된 IPA를 선정하기 위해 선행연구를 고찰하였고, 공간 내 방문객의 실제 만족도에 영향을 받는 관리전략과 서비스 질을 정량화 할 수 있는 적절한 방법으로 Deng(2007) 방법론을 선정하였다. 둘째, 순천만 습지 내 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA를 적용한 결과를 비교분석하였다. 셋째, 수정된 IPA의 관리전략과 변화된 관리요소에 관해 논의하였다. 그 결과, 전통적 IPA 결과보다 관리요구도가 더 높게 도출된 관리요소로 혼잡도가 나타났고, 관리요구도가 더 낮게 도출된 관리요소 중 집중관리에서 저우선순위로 관리전략이 변화하는 관리요소의 경우, 그늘목, 전시시설 내부, 프로그램, 가이드투어가 분석됐으며, 현 상태 유지에서 과잉노력지양으로 분석된 관리요소의 경우, 휴게시설, 낙조, 생울타리, 전시시설 외부로 도출되었다. 이는 현재 순천만 습지 내 관리전략과 비교시 전통적 IPA 결과값보다 수정된 IPA의 결과값에 더 부합된 결과로 실제 방문객들의 만족변화에 대해 탄력적인 반응을 보이는 것으로 분석되어졌다. 이를 통해 의사결정자들의 관리전략 구축시 수정된 IPA가 더 정확하고 신뢰성 높은 기초자료로 제공될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Compared to the traditional format, the revised IPA is an effective method for selecting a management strategy as compared to the traditional IPA. Comparison between the traditional IPA and revised IPA with a management strategy has been, however, limited. Therefore, the difference between the traditional IPA and revised IPA was compared to select an effective management strategy in the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve. First of all, related papers were reviewed to select an appropriate revised IPA. It was found that Deng (2007)'s revised IPA was appropriate for quantifying service quality and a management strategy that affects the measurable satisfaction of visitors in the space. Second, the results of the traditional IPA were compared with the revised IPA in the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve and the management strategy of the revised IPA and the changes of management factors were discussed. It was found that some management factors deviated from the order of the quadrant "low priority for managers", "Concentrate management here", "Keep up the good work" were moved to the order of the quadrants "Concentrate management here", "low priority for managers" and "Possible overkill" in the revised IPA grid. The complexity as a management factor resulted in higher demand management than the traditional IPA, which moved from "low priority for managers" to "Concentrate management here". Management factors resulted in lower demand management than the traditional IPA moved from "Concentrate management here" to "low priority for managers"; these consisted of shade trees, exhibition exteriors, programs, and a guided tour. Also, management factors moved from "Keep up the good work" to "Possible overkill" consisted of relaxation facilities, glow of the setting sun, a hedge, and an exhibition interior. Over all, the revised IPA responded properly to changes in the measurable satisfaction of visitors to the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve. Therefore, a revised IPA should be provided for accurate and reliable guidelines when decision makers establish management strategies.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the service quality of special libraries using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method. This study also applied the working year factor to IPA model for establishing more improved library service strategies. A total 127 library users who work in governmental policy or research institutions in South Korea participated in this study. This study conducted regression analysis to compare with the results of IPA. The results of survey revealed that special library users had high expectation for library services, but they perceived the performance of the library service as insufficient. Special library users assessed that the information services of libraries were well provided but required additional efforts in services related with space and provided by librarian. Interestingly, when the library services were measured by working years, special library users who have worked for more than eight years were generally satisfied with library services with no “possible overkill” services, but users with less than three years working experience particularly expressed dissatisfaction with the service provided by librarians. The results of regression analysis supported the results of IPA. Finally, this study provides several important suggestions for better special library service.

본 연구는 중요도-성취도 분석(Importance-Performance Analysis)을 통해 자연환경해설사 양성교육 커리큘럼을 진단, 문제점을 조사 및 분석하여 제도 발전방안을 제시하는데 있다. 분석 결과, 기본과정의 경우 생물자원의 이해, 지형 및 지질 환경의 이해, 보호지역의 이해 등 해설의 기본이 되는 과목이 ‘저순위’로 도출된 것으로 볼 때 기본수업은 온라인 수업 등의 방법을 통해 선택과 집중이 필요하겠다. 또한 간이 과정의 경우 해설기법과 시연, 자연환경해설사의 역할, 안전관리 및 응급처치 과목 등의 실무적인 과목의 지속적인 수요가 있으며, 전문과정의 경우 ‘저순위’ 영역의 과목들인 해설프로그램 평가, 지속가능한발전, 환경교육프로그램 인증 실습 등의 과목은 시대적 흐름에 따른 과목으로써 트랜드에 맞춰 수정될 수 있다. 즉, 다양한 교육과정을 나열하여 공통과목과 선택과목으로 분리하여 개인의 성향, 전공분야에 따라 취사선택할 수 있는 방법을 도입할 필요가 있으며 온라인 과목과 오프라인 과목의 분리, 실무적인 과목을 위주로 오프라인 수업을 진행하는 것을 제안한다.

It is necessary to investigate the training curriculum and analyze problems through importance-performance analysis to suggest ways to develop the system. The survey was conducted online 1:1 through in-house mail within the industrial complex, and the results were as follows. Basic subjects such as understanding biological resources, the terrain and geological environment, and protected areas were derived as ‘low priority’, so fundamental subjects need to be selected through online classes. In addition, there is a continuous demand for practical subjects such as interpreter techniques and demonstrations, role of interpreter, safety management and first aid, and in specialized courses, subjects such as ‘low priority’ program evaluation, sustainable development, and environmental education program certification can be modified according to trend. In other words, it is necessary to list various curriculum and introduce a method to select subject according to individual's tendency and major field, and it is better to conduct offline classes focusing on online and offline subjects.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the importance and performance levels of the duties related to public health crisis response of the aircraft quarantine officials and to analyze their educational needs for public health crisis. Methods: The subjects were quarantine officials at Incheon airport in Korea, and data from a total of 121 individuals were utilized for analysis. Data were analyzed by an independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA for the importance and performance of duties regarding public health crisis according to general characteristics. An Importance-performance analysis (IPA) and Borich needs assessment model were used to analyze public health crisis education needs. Results: The IPA analysis revealed that the area requiring focused improvement efforts (concentrate here), where importance is high, but performance is low, primarily includes epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases. The Borich needs assessment was used to identify the following priority items: epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases, occurrence of social disaster after patient isolation, donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE), and epidemiological investigation of respiratory infectious diseases. Conclusion: Based on these results, it will be necessary to develop and implement practical education and training programs for aircraft quarantine officials.

This study aimed to analyze the performance of local government-led Esports industries in South Korea to support the development of effective strategies and actionable policies for revitalizing and branding the domestic Esports sector. A survey was conducted with 30 experts across various fields within the Esports industry. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28, employing frequency analysis and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The results of the IPA matrix indicated that ‘Esports Tournaments and Leagues’ exhibited the highest levels of performance, followed by ‘Facilities and Infrastructure’. In contrast, the area showing the lowest performance was identified as ‘Educational Programs’

목적: 본 연구는 NCS를 기반으로 교육기관별 네일미용 직무의 중요도와 현재 역량 수준 차이를 분석하고, IPA 기법을 통해 개선 방 향을 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 특성화고, 전문대학, 4년제 대학의 미용 전공 학생에게 521부의 설문을 수집하여 SPSS 21.0을 활용해 분석하였다. 결과: 첫째, 직무 중요도는 2·3수준에서만 교육기관 간 차이가 확인되었고, 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 현재 역량 수 준은 3수준에서만 차이가 나타났으며, 4년제 대학 학생이 가장 높았고 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 둘째, IPA 분석 결과, 위생 서 비스는 현상 유지 영역에, 기초 직무는 과잉 노력 영역에, 고급 기술과 경영·교육 직무는 저순위 영역에, 디자인 스컬프처, 에어브러 시, 융합 네일아트, 문제성 발 관리는 집중 개선 영역에 포함되었다. 결론: 본 연구는 현행 NCS 교육과정이 산업 현장의 변화를 충 분히 반영하지 못하고 있음을 보여주며, 기초 역량 내면화하고, 중·고급 기술을 강화하며, 경영 및 교육 역량 확대의 필요성을 제시 한다.

Purpose: Across educational institutions and based on National Competency Standards (NCS), this study analyzed differences in the importance and current competency levels of nail salon positions. Moreover, it also proposed improvement directions using the importance performance analysis (IPA) technique. Methods: A total of 521 questionnaires were collected from beauty majors enrolled in specialized high schools, junior colleges, and four-year universities, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: First, among educational institutions, differences in perceived position importance were observed only at levels 2 and 3, with junior college students ranking lowest. Differences in current competency levels were found only at level 3, with four-year university students ranking highest and junior college students lowest. Second, the IPA analysis results indicated that hygiene services were located in the status quo area; basic positions in the excessive effort area; advanced technology, management, and education positions in the low-priority area; and design sculpture, airbrushing, fusion nail art, and problematic foot care in the focused improvement area. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the current NCS curriculum does not adequately reflect the industrial field’s recent changes. More specifically, the results suggest the need for a progressive educational design that internalizes basic competencies, strengthens intermediate and advanced skills, and expands managerial and educational capabilities.

目的: 本研究以国家能力标准(NCS)为基础，分析了不同教育机构中美甲沙龙岗位的重要性和当前能力水平的差 异。此外，本研究还运用重要性-绩效分析(IPA)技术提出了改进方向。方法: 共收集了专业高中、专科院校和四 年制大学美容专业学生的521份问卷，并使用SPSS 21.0对数据进行分析。结果: 首先，在教育机构中，仅在第 二和第三层级观察到对职位重要性的感知差异，其中大专生排名最低。仅在第三层级发现对当前能力水平的差 异，其中四年制大学学生排名最高，大专生排名最低。其次，IPA分析结果表明，卫生服务位于现状维持区；基 础岗位位于投入过多的区域；先进技术、管理和教育岗位位于低顺位区域；而设计雕塑、喷绘、融合美甲和足 部问题护理则位于重点改进区。结论: 这些结果表明，目前的NCS课程未能充分反映工业领域近期的变化。更具 体地说，结果表明需要一种进步的教育设计，该设计应内化基本能力，强化中高级技能，并拓展管理和教育能力。

This study examines the development of digital literacy competencies among Korean university students through presentation activities in ESP-based Tourism English education. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research employs Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) to evaluate changes in students’ digital literacy skills before and after engaging in tourism-related presentation tasks. Pre and post surveys and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 students. The findings reveal significant improvements in several digital literacy domains, particularly in AI and multimodal competencies. However, persistent gaps were identified in areas such as self-regulation and information processing. The IPA results highlight critical areas needing improvement, especially in self-regulation where performance consistently lagged behind perceived importance. These insights contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing digital competencies in higher education and provide practical implications for curriculum development in ESP-based tourism English programs.