Earticle

Due to the increased use of information and communication technology development of portable devices, the wireless network is on the rise. Wireless networks spread in areas of without physical access to reach the available smart phone or laptop network, as well as meet the needs of convenience. Although wireless networks send and receive data wirelessly, they can be intercepted when compared to a vulnerable wired network security. In this paper, the signature-based detection with Snort Wireless and ipTables uses Wireless attack detection and prevention measures to implement a wireless intrusion prevention system. Additionally, to validate the performance of a wireless intrusion prevention system a mock hacking can be conducted.

For patient information identification, demographic fields (name and address), and medical information (medical history) are compared in order to measure the similarities. The improvement of algorithm related to Koreans’ Hangul name is necessary in the individual distinguishing part in order to introduce MPI system matching Korea. Since Hangul is a type of combination, we cannot match the names more exactly by the one-dimensional distance comparative function which was used in existing English. This paper suggests the algorithm for the Korean name comparison.

FROM/BCS is a promising product line engineering method which has the advantage of integrating variability in software development diagrams or models and to explicitly give variants of variation points. This approach has been proposed to allow transposition of industrial chain production to software world. However, to come closer to the real reduction of cost and risk and taking into consideration the evolution of software requirements, the method have to be improved since it does not give a way to set characteristics so as to derive a specific product easily. To address this issue in this paper, through the concept of command, we give a modeling approach that allows requirements fixation. In the new approach named CODA (Command Oriented Derivation Approach), given a requirement variation, the specific product architecture is derived fluently from the generic architecture and the command specification.

For undergraduate students, project management topic is difficult to understand since they have no pre-knowledge or practical experiences before the class. To increase the outcome of project management class, we adopted flipped learning. Flipped learning is still emerging educational technology to professors and undergraduate students have no change to use flipped learning at high school age. In this paper, we describe our experiences and discuss the results of flipped class of project management course.

Divide and Conquer (D&C) is a very broad problem solving pattern, used in several areas: mathematics, computer science, physics, engineering, etc. Consequently it constitutes an active topic for varied researches. Some researches deal with the approach enhancements (parallelization, distribution, adaptation, etc.). Others deal with its application to solve various problems in different application domains and its evaluation. But despite this active and intense research, until now: (1) no general D&C method variability meta model, that covers several classes of problems in different domains, (2) no formal methodology supporting this variability, (3) no formal problem specific variation selection and instantiation process, and (4) no modelling languages suitable features have been proposed. However, rare patterns for specific problems were developed. Developing a broad divide and conquer pattern requires the application of abstraction techniques where the meta modelling is the best candidate. Its intensive and continuous enhancement researches, power, broad use, and formalization capacities with its supporting languages like the Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Feature Diagram (FD), make it an effective model at the top rank. This paper, aims to overcome the above four D&C researches insufficiencies by proposing a rich and general D&C method development methodology based on D&C method variability meta modelling and on a formal variation selection and instantiation process. Obtained result states clearly the suitability of FD formalism instead of UML for this kind of meta modelling and identifies UML possible enhancement that may generalize it to support methods variability meta modelling.

In this paper, a new wavelet based image interpolation algorithm is proposed for remote sensing images. Remote sensing images include many mid and high frequency elements such as aerial and satellite photograph images. These frequency elements contain important information. Because conventional interpolation techniques have blurring or blocking effects, the quality of interpolated remote sensing images is not good over that of standard images like lenna. The proposed interpolation technique uses bicubic interpolation and DWT to address these problems. Experimental result shows that the proposed technique outperforms the conventional techniques in terms of PSNR.

We have witnessed a great interest in ontologies as an emerging technology within the Semantic Web. Its foundation that was laid in the last decade paved the way for the development of ontologies and systems that use ontologies in various domains, including the E-Learning domain. In this article, we survey key contributions related to the development and use of ontologies in the domain of E-Learning systems. We provide a framework for classification of the literature that is useful for the community of practice in categorizing work in this field and for determining possible research lines. We also discuss future trends in this area.

Recently, it is the expansion of the spread of smart devices. Social communities are increased to use them with the smart device users. And the need for the sharing of information between participants with the common subject matter of the social communities is derived. There is necessary to support the selection of the service and determine the common activity among participants is recommended. In this paper, we propose a user-defined social community model (U-SCM) that recommends a common interest based on the behavior of the participants. To verify the validation of this model, we introduces the social community application, called 'E-zzak Zeo-zzak', This application enables the participants to join with common activities, like shopping and learning, via their behavior with smartphones. The social service model for the application allows communication between many clients and servers by providing visual information, such as images and maps. Also, the communication system is reinforced with the realization of chat, comment, and push notification.

Requirements elicitation is widely regarded as the most challenging activity within the scope of requirements engineering. The activity concerns the understanding of problems that a system should address, which later leads to the identification of system requirements. As an abstract process, its effectiveness is greatly influenced by the credibility and suitability of the stakeholders involved. High-quality requirements could only be achieved if they are gathered from the right stakeholders. There are several methods proposed by earlier studies that could guide the selection of stakeholders for requirements elicitation. The methods however are theoretical rather than pragmatic. Therefore, there is a need of practical method that could help practitioners in identifying and selecting the appropriate stakeholders. Prior to having such a method, the contributing factors that influence the selection process should be firstly identified and understood. This study addressed this issue by collating the important factors that contribute to an effective selection of stakeholders for requirement elicitation purposes. The factors were identified through a series of empirical study conducted in two countries: seven in-depth individual interviews and a focus group session with five experienced practitioners. The results were analysed by using content analysis through Nvivo 9. The factors were then merged as a practical guideline that consists of a step-by-step procedure. This guide can be used by practitioners to execute the process of identifying and selecting the appropriate stakeholders for requirements elicitation.

This study presents a method to design an Android group management application system, embody various functions such as group service, chatting, location tracking, information transmission, picture drawing and editing, photo album management, and file transmission, and combine all the modules in one application. A messenger application should secure higher speed than others, and the database should be thoroughly managed to prevent data loss or leakage.

Technology today has made it possible for people to opt for ‘Teleworking or virtual distributed team work’, which seems to be received unarguably and positive acceptance as an alternative work practices globally. In this context, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has to be credited as one of major ‘change elements’ which enable to drive constructive changes in a working environment and arrangement in an organization, that enable employees to work from anywhere, at any time around the globe and across geographical boundaries regardless of differences in languages, cultures and time zones. The new transformation indirectly demands significant challenges to the organization in order to conform the needs and necessities for these current working practices. The challenges include ICT investment in the infrastructure and applications particularly to overcome the communication and collaboration barrier, which is the result of lack of social, physical and face-to-face interaction. However, it is occasionally difficult to find the best model to support services that can suit the needs of virtual team work or telework in certain domain. The primary objective of this study is to develop a model for distributed working group that supports unified communication and collaboration, particularly in the context of public sector in Malaysia. The sample consists of 92 respondents from the Malaysia Ministry of Rural and Regional Development (MRRD) and the Rural Transformation Centres (RTC). The statistical analysis found that among the main features that meet the needs of the group work are, the ability to share and access the information, the capability to submit reports periodically and provides an interactive environment. The unified communication and collaboration model proposed by this study focuses on synchronous and asynchronous activities. In this model, the ultimate goals of telework are defined and categorised into three groups of users which are the individual, team work and organisation.

Exemplar-based image inpainting method is widely used for recovering the missing regions, especially when the missing regions are large. The method fills in the target region patch by patch, and a target patch is compared to each candidate patch in whole image to get a best one. In this paper we propose a method to speed up the best candidate searching process. Inspired by the fact that the patches near to a target patch are more likely to be the best candidate than the farther ones, the similarity measure is modified to cooperate with the distance weighting and bounded search is adopted. It has been shown by experiments that the proposed method greatly reduces the number of pixel error computations.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) facilitates development of Business-to-Business (B2B) applications, by composing suitable services, either statically during design-time or dynamically at run-time. Dynamic reconfiguration in the service-oriented approach, involves replacing the statically composed services with some other ones, during run-time, only when it is necessary. This necessity might arise due to the need to accommodate change in user requirements, sudden unavailability of services or to keep up the non-functional requirements agreed in the Service Level Agreement (SLA). Dynamic composition is another approach, where each service is selected and composed at run-time. This approach provides more flexibility in selecting appropriate services during run-time as opposed to the static composition. However, there is a possibility of an additional overhead, compared to dynamic reconfiguration. This paper discusses an approach for SLA aware dynamic reconfiguration, that happens for the same instance of execution and it has also been captured as a pattern named I- RAILS. The various ways of dynamically reconfiguring the services has been illustrated with a case study application namely the Safe Building Security system. This approach of dynamic reconfiguration of the services is compared with the dynamic service composition.

A 4D attraction film is an entertainment presentation system combining a 3D film with physical effects that provide other experience in senses. A wide variety of devices that the audience can be immersed in the story should be reflected in the contents production and operation of the 4D film. And, a presence is conceptualized as sensation of being sucked into the scene viewer’s watch with no awareness of 3D image. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the physical effects of factors such as seat effects, film, and preshow for improving of presence in the 4D film using the data mining.

This paper presents an innovative metric based on a class abstraction to capture aspects of software complexity through combinations of class characteristics. The study also used software metrics effectiveness in finding the classes in different error categories for the three versions of Eclipse, the Java-based open-source Integrated Development Environment. Many studies used Logistic regression models to investigate the ability of OO software metrics to predict fault prone classes. We also used this method not only for binary but also multinomial categorization and empirically validate the ability of metrics to predict fault prone classes in different category using fault data. We conclude that this proposed metric is as effective as the traditional metrics in identifying fault-prone classes in binary categorization and also showing most efficient result for multinomial categorization. We also find that Univariate model for these metrics have same performance as the individual metric with no any learning technique in prediction of fault-proneness.

Alternating Least Squares (ALS) is popular method to compute matrix factorization in the parallel way. However, due to the time complexity in predicting user’s preference, ALS is not scalable to large-scale datasets. In this paper, we propose a similar user index-based parallel matrix factorization approach. Since the group of similar users is indexed in advance, there is no need to compute similarities between all users in datasets. Furthermore, the size of a matrix is reduced because the matrix is only composed of indexed user’s ratings and items. The current advanced cloud computing including Hadoop, MapReduce and Amazon EC2 are employed to implement the proposed approaches. We empirically show that the use of similar user index resolves the scalable issue of ALS and improves the performance of large scale recommender systems in distributed computing environment.

Typically, the previous load balancing methods for Flume which completely depends on the user-specified threshold does not adaptively deal with the performance change of the entire log processing system at runtime. Furthermore, their task-transferring algorithm aggravates the performance degradation of the overloaded node because the excessive data transfer to another node should be done on the overloaded node. In this paper, we propose a new load balancing method for Apache Flume by automatically and dynamically modifying threshold of node load status in accordance with the runtime performance of the system. This feature can be realized by monitoring both the increasing rate of incoming log information in the queue of each collector agent and its occupancy rate at the request of the overloaded or under-loaded collection node in a decentralized manner. The proposed method considerably alleviates the additional overhead incurred by the task migration and makes the load of the entire system as fair as possible by selecting the optimal task migration destination depending on the current load-state values of collector agents unlike the previous round-robin and random ones.

As our goal, we are interested in estimating the degree of software reliability based on software development project data. It is widely-known that several software development attributes which are measured can be used to evaluate and predict software reliability/quality via multi-variable analyses. In this article, we focus on the data treatment method which is needed prior to the software reliability assessment, since the software development data sets often include missing data. This paper discusses the method of data preparation against missing data and their effectiveness by using the Random Forest as a multi-variable analysis.

With recent advances in the technology of big data, many service providers have been trying to derive meaningful contexts from such data. Context-aware services can offer high quality service from the consumer’s perspective, since most services are used in varying contexts and environments. The results from many studies on adaptive user interface have shown that context-aware user interfaces can be faster and preferable to non-adaptive counterparts. In this paper, we propose a novel framework providing a context adaptive user interface which automatically chooses appropriate Resources from a UI Page-Set consisting of multiple Resources. The proposed framework aimed to provide service directors who are not knowledgeable about UI development with opportunities for making context-aware UI, and to achieve high-quality user experience in complex services.

Reference model is widely used in building up information system since it provides a variety of advantages such as verified framework and blueprint. However, the existing reference model that is provided particularly for each industrial group has a limitation on the application for the public domain that has a purpose of sharing the data of various business patterns. This study has its purpose of developing reference data model that is not dependent on a particular industry or business pattern. What is proposed here is to develop modelling method that interprets the real world with four elements of Party, Service, Activity and Thing and to suggest the possibility of universal application of it in public domain without being dependent on particular domains.

Interactive patterns are able to promote the notion of interaction in groupware application development. Hence, these patterns improve the students’ engagement and promote problem solving collectively. This paper reports on the usability of the interactive patterns in designing and developing a collaborative language application. With interactive patterns, we are able to design and develop two different interactive shared single display education applications. RimbaIlmu is an after school programme to allow students to learn Bahasa Malaysia during their free time. RICLAT is an authoring tool for collaborative presentations. The patterns are useful to enrich the interaction among both education applications. Also, it facilitates more effective communication among the group members and enriches the interaction for students based on the qualitative analysis.

We present a method of automatically constructing a domain-specific Korean sentiment dictionary which can be used to classify the sentiment of online movie reviews. More than 1.18 million online movie reviews with movie ratings ranging between 1 to 4 and 7 to 10 were collected across fourteen different movie genres to calculate the joint probability of a given word and the sentiment of movie reviews for each genre. In particular, the joint probability of (1) a given word and the positive movie reviews that contain movie ratings 7 to 10 and (2) a given word and the negative movie reviews that contain movie ratings 1 to 4 for each movie genre were calculated. The difference between the two joint probabilities (i.e., (1) – (2)) was obtained for each word in each genre, and the fourteen genres’ joint probability differences of each word were averaged. Finally, the averaged joint probability difference values were normalized to range between －1 and 1. These normalized values were utilized as the sentiment values of each word in the final 135,082-word movie domain Korean sentiment dictionary. The positive/negative binary sentiment classification performance of the constructed sentiment dictionary was evaluated using test data, and the balanced accuracy of 80.7% was achieved, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed sentiment dictionary construction method.

Reproducing or debugging a fault in embedded software is a difficult activity, due to the complicated operating environment and various input data that have an effect on the software execution path. We propose a testing method to identify fault type and locate debugging points by detecting faults while the system is running, rather than analyzing faults through reproducing them after program fail. Our method is hooking the execution of modules related to runtime errors, selectively collecting execution information that is necessary to detect a fault. We have developed an automated testing tool called RopheTR, and performed experiments to compare with representative runtime error detection tools and RopheTR. Experimental results show that RopheTR has the highest fault detection rate of 91.8%, and has excellent accuracy in providing code location for debugging and fault type, compared with other tools. Moreover, our method exhibited the least slow down rate of 0.03x on average, and the slightest memory usage increase of 0.13x. Our method is a very light-weight test method suitable for embedded software that has severe resource constraints of real-time operating system.

This study explores pre-service teachers’ ability of implementing ICT as teaching methods. This work investigates how pre-service teachers utilize the purposes and strategies of implementing ICT in their lesson plans and how they practice them in their teaching activities. Data was collected through individual qualitative interviews and writings, that is, practice essay on their lesson plans and teaching activities of thirty pre-service teachers. Their views on the purposes of using ICT were broadly the type of ‘Frequent Educational’. However, in spite of their active utilization of ICT in their teaching, it had one great weakness: lacking of a correlation. In conclusion, participants showed a weakness in the correlation between their purposes and actual practice in implementing ICT in their teaching practice.