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Kang, Beom-mo. 2014. A Statistical Analysis of the Restrictions in Combining the Negative Element 'an' and Verbs (Adjectives). Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 1-25. (Korea University) Korean has two forms (elements) of negation: a short form ('an') and a long form ('ahda'). Among the two forms, the short form shows some restrictions on combination with a verb/adjective. Although there have been several anecdotal suggestions on the restrictions, a thorough study based on the availability of the short form 'an' with verbs/adjectives is still in need. This paper tries to analyze the restrictions of negative forms (with respect to the relevant verbs/adjectives) in statistical methods, on the basis of a corpus of 15 millions words (the Sejong Korean Corpus). By logistic regression analysis, five factors―word origin (Korean proper, Chinese), syllable length, part of speech (verb, adjective), '-ha' verb or not, and frequency of use― all turn out to be significant, in that order. We also consider diachronic facts and discuss the findings from the viewpoint of Cognitive Linguistics, a usage-based theory. (Korea University)

Go, Joo-hwan, Lee, Choong-woo, & Kim, Ji-Eun. 2014. A Study on the Types of Headline Presentation of Internet Newspapers Focusing on the Distinction Between Rigid Articles and Flexible Articles. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 27-42. This study aims at considering the present state of headlines used in rigid articles and flexible articles, by classifying the types of headline presentation, based on the intentionality of editors, and gathering data with timeliness. Many of internet newspaper headlines were interest inductive types, and the expression of the headlines was very drastic. It was to reflect the intentionality of editors who wanted to be chosen a lot out of massive articles. For the headlines of rigid articles, all the types were evenly used except the sentence emphasis type. It appears that they reflected the judgement of editors that the information transfer type was most effective to deliver rigid articles. For the headlines of flexible articles, some of types were fixed. The vocabulary emphasis type and the omission type accounted for over half of them and represented the types. In conclusion, there would be a need of research on judgement criteria for choice of articles and methods helpful for readers′ selection of headlines. (Kwandong University)

Kwak, Eun-Joo. 2014. Nominal Clssification via Countability and Neatness. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 43-66. In spite of its usefulness, the simple dichotomy of count and mass nouns has been challenged because each category of nouns appears to be divided further via semantic properties. I crtically review previous analyses including Chierchia (2010), Rothstein (2010), Landman (2011), and Henderson (2012). Adopting Landman (2011)'s notion of neatness, I propose that count nouns as well as mass nouns are divided by neatness. Based on the revised notion of countability, I suggest that grove-type group nouns are mess count nouns while committee-type group nouns are neat (count or mass) nouns. I also show that the notion of neatness is useful to identify similarities found in committee-type group nouns regardless of their countability and differences between committee-type and grove-type group nouns in spite of the same countability. (Sejong University)

Baek, Seung Ik. 2014. The Mass Media Effects on Text and Coinage: Focusing on Mediation Divergence. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 67-108. Divergence is a linguistic phenomenon that the meaning and function of a lexeme is split while a lexical form is nearly fixed. The main purpose of this study is to introduce two kinds of the modern divergence which are mediated by mass media: Image Transfer Divergence (ITD) and Media Acceleration Divergence (MAD). ITD is based on the effect from morphophonological language transfer, mainly cross-linguistic oronyms between English and Korean. In ITD, image mediation makes language B, speaker's intended meaning, split from language A, the ambiguous text connected with cross-linguistic oronyms. In detail, ITD can be explained by sorting into lexeme, syllable and phoneme unit. On the other hand, MAD is the process that the influential media like popular TV shows boost the mainstreaming of the split meaning in the early diverging level of a certain coinage. In this study, both ITD and MAD are commonly applied to Weimann's model but show the different intersubjectivity in each different flowing stage. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

Yoon, Hee-Cheol. 2014. On the Possessive-Demonstrative Construction in Old English. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 109-132. This paper aims to analyse the Possive-Demonstrative construction in Ole English under the minimalist perspective and examines its implications on the development of the definite article. Instead of Chomsky's (2000, 2001) idea of Move, its driving force is attributed to a uF in the moving element. The possessive in the construction is assumed to carry the uF [αstrong] associated with strong declension and undergo movement to go beyond the scope of the definite D. The distal demonstrative, on the other hand, suffers the loss of deictic and anaphoric properties and reduces to a head selecting an adjective complement. Its deficiency is implemented as the absence of the uF [αstrong]. In terms of grammaticalization, the weakening of the distal demonstrative testifies the transition stage before the completion of its shift into the definite article in Early Middle English. (Duksung Women's University)

Lee, Doo-Won. 2014. Negative Imperatives Revisited. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 133-153. At PF, when the merger of the morphological features takes place in Korean, the negative imperatives are ungrammatical, if negation blocks the [imp] feature in C from merging with the verb. Short/long form Neg (hereafter, SFN/LFN) is a head of NegP between vP and TP and mal 'don't' in negative imperatives is a lexical spell-out of a combination of Neg and [Imp-Op] in C. Hence, while mal-negative imperatives are possible, short/long form negative imperatives are not. SFN is a syntactic construction, not a prefix attachment. In this vein, the SFN imperative of the morphological causative construction is ungrammatical. When negative prefixes such as pwul, pi, and mi are attached to a predicate, imperatives can be formed with the predicate because there is no functional head Neg which blocks the [Imp] feature in C from merging with the verb. These suppletive forms such as molu(-ta) 'not know' and eps(-ta) 'not exist' behave like other regular short-form syntactic negations (Chung 2007b). This is why the imperatives of suppletive negations are ungrammatical. (Korea National University of Transportation)

Lee, Joo-Kyeong. 2013. The Role of Prosody in the Perception of Foreign Accent and Comprehensibility: Prosody-Corrected-L2 Speech vs. Prosody-Distorted-L1 Speech. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 155-179. This work attempts to investigate the role of prosody in the perception of foreign accent and comprehensibility when native English L1 talkers' speech is distorted and Korean L2 talkers' speech is corrected in prosody. In order to see how prosody alone contributes to the judgment of foreign accent, both L1 and L2 speech was synthesized in such a way that the prosodic information was transplanted between L1 and L2 speech. More specifically, duration and pitch were corrected or distorted individually as well as in composition to see which prosodic parameter would have more influence on L2 foreign accent and comprehensibility. Overall, prosodically synthesized L1 and L2 speech did not show statistically significant differences from L1 and L2 speech, which suggested that segments played a dominant role over prosody. Moreover, foreign accent was rated statistically higher when L1 speech was distorted by L2 duration, but pitch did not make any significant differences. When L2 speech was corrected by L1 prosody, either L1 duration or pitch did not improve the L2 foreign accent. This was interpreted as indicating that speech rate played a more significant role than intonation and that L2 speech was not readily corrected by L1 prosody because its segmental deviance might mask prosodic improvement. Moreover, the scores of comprehensibility did not pattern with those of foreign accent; therefore, there was no correlation between foreign accent and comprehensibility. This supports Munro & Derwing (1999). (University of Seoul)

Quan, Feng & Suh, Jinhee. 2014. A Phase Inheritance-based Account on A’-extraction of Double Object Constructions. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 181-204. This paper attempts to explain the A’-extraction of Double Object Constructions from a cross-linguistic perspective. Three hypotheses are adopted. Firstly, every functional head may bear an EPP feature (Chomsky 1998, Landau 2007, Saito 2011), namely the generalized EPP regardless whether it is a Phase head or not, while the Phase head bears an extra EPP feature, namely the Phase EPP. Secondly, the Phase EPP feature may be handed over to the head immediately below it. Thirdly, the Mixed Chains Constraint should be respected (Chomsky 2005). In American English type-languages, since the Phase EPP is handed over to the applicative head from the little v, only the DO is allowed to undergo A’-movement to Spec CP. In Korean type-languages, since the Phase EPP feature is retained on the little v, only the IO is allowed to undergo A’-movement to Spec CP. In Polish type-languages, since the Phase EPP feature is optionally handed over to the applicative head from the little v, either the IO or the DO can undergo A’-movement to Spec CP. (Yonsei University)

Jung, Hyun Kyoung. 2014. A Syntactic Account of Chicheŵa Reciprocal Affixation. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 205-230. A templatic analysis of Bantu suffix ordering has been widely accepted since Hyman (2003). Although the morphological template covers a variety of morpheme combinations in Chicheŵa, it raises several problems. In this paper, I argue that a correct understanding of the syntax of reciprocal enables us to account for the interactions of the reciprocal affix -an with other argument-structure-altering affixes. In particular, I propose that the reciprocal morpheme -an in Chicheŵa occupies a type of Voice head – namely, VoiceREC. VoiceREC probes a plural DP argument and internally merges it in its specifier position. Thus, with VoiceREC, a single argument is associated with two A-positions. The ability of the reciprocal suffix to select for the productive applicative head and the incompatibility with passive Voice support a treatment of Chicheŵa reciprocal as a syntactic Voice head. Finally, I present a structural explanation of the possible and impossible morpheme combinations containing -an. (University of Arizona)

Hong, Dal Oh. 2014. A Note on the Tendency of Degree-Adverbialization of Prefixes—With Focus on the Prefix Gae-. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 39-1, 231-249. This paper is a language-internal and -external examination of the sematic properties of gae-, a prefix recently used as a degree adverb like element recently. As a result, First, the prefix gae- is not in the process of degrammaticalization. It is part of the tendency of degree-adverialization, a more common phenomenon of semantic change, a process of semantic extension. Second, the prefix gae- tends to decolorize its original negative meaning as it gets degree-adverbialized. Third, the prefix gae- has been changed from a prefix attached to a nominal base into a prefix added to a verbal stem, and now it has attained a status similar to an adverb. The boundaries between adnominals (adnominal constituents), prefixes, and adverbs (adverbial constituents) are not sufficiently firm, and there is a transitional zone where they have certain semantic domains. Fourth, the prefix gae- is in the process of degree-adverbialization, but has not yet established as a complete adverb. This can be confirmed by the aspects of word spacing in Internet-communication language and the degree of its independence. Fifth, the prefix gae- is combined with a wide range of adjectives, and mainly with psych verbs with the features [-active] and [+subjective] among other types of verbs. Sixth, the tendency of degree-adverbialization of the prefix gae- is related to a more common communicative strategy, that is, speakers’ strategy for information focusing. Informants’ intention to focus the value of the information they try to provide attracts the process of the degree-adverbialization of the prefix gae-. (Chung-Ang University)