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Kwak, Hye-Young & Miseon Lee. 2010. Interpretive Preferences in L1 Korean Universal Quantifier-negation Patterns. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 531-542. It is well known that a sentence containing both a negative and a quantifier, such as Mary didn't eat all the cookies is ambiguous: if all has scope over not, the sentence has the full set interpretation (i.e., Mary didn't eat any cookies.) while it has the partitioned set interpretation (i.e., Mary ate some of the cookies.) if not has wide scope. Interestingly, it has been reported that children strongly prefer one of the two interpretations across languages. In this study, we investigate Korean L1 children's and adults' preferences in interpreting Korean <motun ‘all/every’ + Object NP + an ‘not’> sentences, and account for those interpretive preferences by applying the processor-based emergentist account proposed by O'Grady (2005, 2008), which claims that the scope preference can be explained by the processor's role to minimize the processing load. (Korea University, Hanyang University)

Kim, Sun-Hoi. 2010. Exceptions and Frequency Effect: Focusing on doubl-ing and doub-ly. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 543-561. This paper explores the avoidance of non-adjacent sequences of -ing morphemes, one of the morpho-phonological characteristics of English. This exploration is based on a corpus-based analysis through using and investigating the data of the British National Corpus (BNC). In this paper, the corpus-based analysis confirms the adequacy of Ross' (1972), Milsark's (1988), and Yip's (1995) argument that the [V1-ing V2-ing] sequence, named doubl-ing, is avoided in the case where V1's are the verbs, such as start, keep, stop, and begin, and allowed in the case where V1's are the verbs, such as enjoy, regret, avoid, and admit. It also shows that the adequate interpretation of a grammatical property in a corpus-based analysis can be guaranteed only when it should be based on the exact and strict observation of data. This paper also extends the issue of the avoidance of non-adjacent sequences of identical morphemes into the [Adj1-ly Adj2-ly] sequences, named doub-ly. Its result shows that the avoidance does not occur in every adverb ending with a suffix -ly and its occurrence is not structure-dependently determined but should be lexically specified. (Chung-Ang University)

Kim, Sun-Hee. 2010. Null Arguments and the Theory of pro. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 563-590. The purpose of this paper is to understand the properties of null arguments in the light of current theories of pro-drop and to show what the status of the null arguments is. This paper thus argues that null arguments both in subject and object positions can be best identified as a pro at least in languages like Korean and Japanese, no matter what grammatical roles they have in a sentence. It will also suggest that pro is allowed to the extent that its content is recoverable and that the resolution of pro is determined by the systematic interaction of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. (Seoul Women's University)

Kim, Jong-Bok. 2010. Two Types of So-Inversion: So Similar but Quite Different. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 591-611. The English so-inversion construction places the expression so in the pre-auxiliary position followed by the subject. In the traditional analysis, the auxiliary preceding the subject has been taken to undergo the I-to-C movement. However, complication arises with the possibility of having a cluster of auxiliary verbs in the C position or leaving a VP (or remnants) after the subject. In this paper, we claim that there are in fact two different types of so-inversion, which behave alike in many respects but are quite different. We show that these two types, called SAI so-inversion and Focus so-inversion, respectively, are licensed due to the possible mapping relations between form and function. (Kyung Hee University)

Park, Myung-Kwan. 2010. Derivation via External Remerge and Linearization in ATB, RNR and PG Constructions of English. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 601-622. This paper investigates the syntactic derivation and linearization of the ATB, RNR and PG constructions. These three constructions look similar, in that they are constituted of two clauses, and one displaced element at sentence-initial or final position binds two gaps within the clauses. However, we argue that the ATB and RNR constructions behave in almost identical ways, distinguishing themselves from the PG construction. More specifically, in the former two constructions, the ATB-moved or RNRed element is first displaced to the left or right edge of each conjunct clause, and then is conjoined together via External Remerge. As the two constructions are composed of two coordinate conjunct clauses, in the course of linearization the word order of each conjunct clause has to be parallel to its realization in the final output of larger ATB or RNR construction. In the PG construction, however, parallelism of this kind is not at work. Rather, the chain of the parasitic gap in the subordinate clause is linked via External Remerge to the chain of the real gap in the superordinate clause. And in the course of linearization a moved element tends to be pronounced at the target position rather the source position, without invoking any effect of parallelism. (Dongguk University) 조회수 1 추천수 0

Park, Hyun-a. 2010. The L2 Acquisition of the Korean Double Nominative Construction by Chinese Speakers. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 635-658. This study investigates the acquisition of the double nominative construction(=DNC) by Chinese learners of Korean. The goals are two-fold: first, we investigate whether L1-Chinese affects both in a positive and a negative ways the acquisition of the given construction in L2-Korean. Second, we show the preference of DNCs by native Korean speakers through additional experiments and the Sejong parsed corpus. 42 Chinese (12 beginners, 13 intermediate, and 17 advanced learners) were recruited in the two experiments: a) a grammaticality(=acceptability) judgment task, and b)a forced-choice elicitation task. 44 Korean native speakers also participated as a control group. Results indicate that L1 structural transfer effect was not observed clearly. Chinese learners showed quite a similar pattern with the native Korean speakers supporting Full Access Hypothesis (White 2003). It is suggested that Chinese learners are sensitive to L2 input, thereby being easy to access to Korean DNCs since Chinese belongs to topic-prominent languages like Korean. (Korea University)

Son, Gwangrak. 2010. Floating Numeral Quantifiers with Scrambling: A Prosodic Account. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 659-682. Although a number of challenges have been made to the distribution of FNQs in constructions of scrambling, many crucial questions are still unanswered. Giving special concerns to Miyagawa (1989), Ko (2007), and Miyagawa and Arikawa (2007), this paper fleshes out a new analysis termed as 'Restructuring', which plays a key role in understanding many questions remaining up to now. The process of 'Restructuring', motivated independently of syntactic operations, is important to reanalyze the whole set of data from an entirely novel point of view. It will be shown that various types of problems detected in the literature can best be explained by a conspiracy of the operations referring to the phonological as well as the syntactic properties. (Kyungpook National University)

An, Young-ran, 2010. Anti-Identity in Reduplication. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 683-701. This paper argues that a general tendency of avoiding identical elements in a phonological process in many unrelated languages also prevails in the Korean language, e.g. the total reduplication with an inserted consonant. This tendency was not only shown in the existing lexicon, but it was also borne out in a real-time nonce form creation, which means that language users appear to have implicit knowledge of identity avoidance. I replicated Wedel’s (1999) methodology for the Turkish reduplication data, based on the data from a dictionary and the results from a word creation experiment. In both the data of reduplication, Korean and Turkish, I found that identity avoidance played a critical role in determining a consonant to be inserted; however, there were some non-trivial differences between the two processes. (Stony Brook University)

Oh, Kwanyoung. 2010. An Experimental Study of Articulatory Similarities and a Searching Examination of the Cues of Sound Recognition Differences through a Sound Analysis of English Consonants. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 703-742. The purpose of this study is to compare voicing contrast in the onset of stop sounds and the similarities/differences between American and Korean speakers in onsets and codas which Koreans often have a tendency to substitute for other similar sounds in their pronunciations. The first experiment is launched to measure the VOT value of stop sounds in American and Korean students’pronunciations. The second experiment is done to measure the Formants frequency and Bandwidths of sounds in vowels with onsets or codas of words. Based on their measurements, I have compared LPC (linear predictive coding) distance values between the speakers of the two groups, and have also analyzed DTW (dynamic time warping) distance values in order to compare the matching degree in whole words of American and Korean speakers one by one. The third experiment is a listening evaluation task of foreign teachers judging Korean subjects. The last experiment is a listening test for sound recognition ability of other Korean groups when they listen to two similar sounds. The experimental analyses show that Korean speakers exhibit a difference in pronunciation from American speakers in voiceless stops, but not in voiced ones in VOT value. For a comparison of the similarities and differences of onsets and codas, the best matches in LPC and DTW show differences in the voicing contrast of fricatives/stops, that is, in LPC, voiced stops and fricatives obtain the best matches, while in DTW, voiceless stops and fricatives get the best matches. The listening evaluation task of foreign teachers shows that Koreans pronounce the words in onset position well, but still have problems with voicing in codas. Finally, in the Korean students’listening test, because 41% failed to distinguish between a voiced fricative and a stop in the coda position, this shows that Koreans still have more difficulty in recognizing sounds in coda positions than in onset. (Chonnam National University)

Oh, Eunjin. 2010. Speaker Gender and the Degree of Coarticulation. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 743-766. Gender differences have been reported in many acoustic measures. This study investigated whether degrees of coarticulation vary as a function of speaker gender. Seven male and seven female native speakers of American English participated in the experiment. The degrees of vowel-to-vowel and consonant-to-vowel coarticulation were calculated by taking differences between estimated vowel target and contextual vowel values. While the results were, in general, inconsistent for vowel-to-vowel coarticulation, the degree of [u]-fronting in front vowel and alveolar consonant contexts displayed consistent results, the males showing larger degrees of [u]-fronting on average than the females. Considering the distribution of the English vowel inventory which shows greater levels of contrast in the height dimension, the inconsistency of gender differences in the degrees of vowel-to-vowel coarticulation in the F1 dimension is not unexpected. The consistency of differences in the degrees of mean [u]-fronting in the front vowel and alveolar consonant contexts suggests that speaker gender will need to be considered for future studies investigating the degrees of coarticulation. It is also suggested that further investigation of coarticulatory differences between genders is necessary using a language with a smaller phonemic inventory and therefore larger amounts of coarticulation. (Ewha Womans University)

Yun, Gwanhi. 2010. Do Korean Speakers Perceptually Restore Assimilated Words in English? Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 767-795. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Korean L2 listeners activate L2 speakers' underlying phonemes from the assimilated ones specifically caused by English coronal place assimilation. Recently much of psycholinguistic research has found that L1 listeners activate speakers' intended forms even from the fully assimilated forms (Gaskell and Marslen-Wilson 1996, 1998; Gow 2002, 2003). Such perception studies obtained interesting results that native speakers could recover the underlying coronals from the fully assimilated coronals as well as from the partially assimilated noncoronals. Given the results for L1 speakers, the current study seeks to test the possibility of L2 listeners' recoverability of L1 speaker's intended word forms from the fully assimilated forms. Results from both identification test and ABX discrimination test showed that Korean L2 listeners substantially restored the underlying coronals from the assimilated words as well as noncronals although their recoverability was lower than native English speakers‘. Based on the observation that there are no significant acoustic differences between assimilated and unassimilated noncoronals, these results indicate that L2 listeners might be able to activate the underlying phonemes through phonological inferencing (Gaskell and Marslen-Wilson 1998). Based on the results, we also suggest a novel optimality theoretic account of phonological inferencing via perceptual constraints. (Daegu University)

Lee, Youngjoo. 2010. Passive Aspects in Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 797-815. Tests with aspectual diagnostics show that lexical passives in Korean retain their aspectual properties through passivization, contra the common view that links passivization with a result state (Beednam 1981, Kim 2001). Passive predicates do not form one homogeneous class but have subclasses, just like their active counterparts. In particular, the (in)compatibility with aspectual markers -ko iss- and -e iss- divides lexical passives into four subclasses, and also disproves the thesis that the occurrence of -ko iss- and -e iss- depends upon the argument structure of the predicate (Lee 2008). (Seoul Women's University)

Lee, Chungmin. 2010. Metalinguistically Negated Adverbials. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 817-836. The type of adverbials POthong ‘normally’ and YEkan ‘relatively’ in Korean are argued to be based on metalinguistic negation [MN] that licenses them. They are strikingly distinct from typical NPIs that are licensed by descriptive negation (DN). The two types MN and DN are compared. The MN-licensed adverbials POthong ‘normally’ and YEkan ‘relatively’ have high-pitched initial syllables originating from contrastive focus (CF) and convey implicated positive higher degree predicates. English and Japanese counterparts of MN-based adverbials are also exemplified. (Seoul National University)

Kabata, Kaori & Lee, Jeonghwa. 2010. A Corpus-based Comparative Study of Completives in Japanese and Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35-3, 837-862. Data from written and spoken corpus was analyzed to examine the synchronic usage patterns of completives in Japanese and Korean. Taking a panchronic approach, the present study aimed to determine how the similarities and differences of the synchronic behaviors of completives in the two languages might be attributable to the similarities or differences of their grammaticalization paths. Do the completives with similar lexical sources exhibit similar usages patterns between the two languages, or do they demonstrate some differences, and if they do, what factors might underlie such differences? The results indicated that the completive auxiliaries of the two languages exhibit a striking parallelism, but that they are at different stages of grammaticalization. Some discrepancies were also found between the usage patterns and semantic distributions discussed in the previous literature. (University of Alberta, The Cyber University of Korea, University of California, Berkeley)