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This article examines one hundred proper nouns in the Korean translation of 63 French picture books published since 2000: it studies only the anthroponym - names of characters from a perspective by which translation results from negotiation. The names are composed in diverse ways: names from the real world, names related with wordplay, names with intertextual link; existing words with the first letter of each word capitalized; the combination of existing words with a name; and new coined names. The proper nouns are translated in following ways: total or partial transcription without transfer of meaning; translating meaning; recreation; replacement of a personal name by another from source language; change of category (from proper nouns to common nouns); and deletion. The translation of names of characters is not their reproduction in the target text. The translator negotiates between the source text and the reader of the target text in order to find out a solution or a compromise after taking into consideration the meaning and the possible function of the names.

본 논문은 프랑스의 대표적인 그림책 작가 클로드 퐁티의 󰡔조르주의 마법 공원󰡕을 분석대상으로 삼고, 작품 속에 나오는 100여개의 고유명사 들의 한국어 번역을 분석하였다. 주요 독자층인 “아동”에 맞추어진 텍스트 라는 특수성을 지니는 아동문학의 번역은 다른 어떤 장르보다도 도착언 어 문화권의 독자를 고려하여 “다시 쓰는” 작업이 요구될 것이다. 본 논문 에서 분석한 그림책의 펼침면마다 새롭게 등장하는 인물들을 명명하기 위해 창조된 고유명사들은 동요가사와 같이 재미있는 언어놀이인 동시에 새로운 어휘들을 습득할 수 있는 ‘즐거운 학습’ 기회이다. 한편 이 책에서 고안된 고유명사들은 아동독자를 겨냥한 ‘재미와 학습’이라는 전략 외에 도, 아이들에게 그림책을 읽어주는 어른독자를 위한 다른 차원의 수용가 능성을 내포하고 있다. 하나의 고유명사가 홀로그램과 같이 그 안에 역사 적, 문화적, 사회적 요소들을 담고 있어 어른독자에게는 “상호텍스트”를 환기시키는 ‘다층적 읽기’를 가능하게 할 것이다. 따라서 단순히 언어를 옮기는 것이 아니라 아동독자를 중점적으로 겨냥할 것이냐, 어른독자까지 고려할 것인가에 따라 도착텍스트의 수용자에 맞는 번역전략이 필요하다. 프랑스어 출발텍스트에서 의도했던 수용자와는 다르게 다시 쓰인 한국어 도착텍스트를 통해 번역전략을 살펴보기 위해, 본 논문에서는 어휘적 차 원의 번역 외에, 형태소의 변형이나 통사적 변형을 통한 번역으로 나누어 살펴보았다.

This article chose renowned French children’s book writer Claude Ponti’s Georges Lebanc as a subject of research and analyzed more than 100 proper nouns in its Korean translation. Considering the fact that children’s literature is made up of text ‘aimed at target readers,’ translation is a task to ‘rewrite’ the target text for readers in the target culture. In Georges Lebanc, Ponti coined neologisms to name characters, which serve not only as pun or wordplay for children, but also make linguistic learning fun. Meanwhile, proper nouns that contain historical, cultural, and social factors make ‘intertextuality’ possible for adult readers, ultimately enabling multi-layered reading. In this context, translation strategies may vary depending on whether the target receivers are children or adults. Translation is not only a simple labor of changing the language, but also requires strategy based on understanding of the target readers’ expectations. In the Korean translation of Georges Lebanc, the translation strategy sought to take into account readers of the target text as differently pre-defined from the readers originally intended by the source text. As a result, changes or shifts are identified at the lexical level, morpheme level, and syntactical level.

This study examines the characteristics and quality of machine translation (MT) for named entities (NEs). We first provided an overview of the underlying mechanisms and technical obstacles involved in NE translation, based on previous studies in this field to understand the challenges that MTs may encounter when translating NEs. Based on these theoretical considerations, we proposed three hypotheses regarding potential NE-related translation problems and error types: (1) MTs may struggle to translate NEs consistently; (2) MTs often fail to differentiate proper nouns from common nouns; and (3) without sufficient contextual support, low-frequency NEs may be translated incorrectly, resulting in non-words or semantically unrelated terms. We performed a statistical analysis of 120 translations produced by two standard MT systems (Google Translate and Papago) and two generative artificial intelligence models (ChatGPT 3.5 and ClovaX) to test these hypotheses. The results revealed that (1) consistency errors occurred in 4.21%–26%of all NE translations, (2) 19.55%–50.34% of proper nouns that could be confused with common nouns were incorrectly translated as such, and (3) 31.31%–35.72%of low-frequency NEs lacking sufficient context were mistranslated.

The objective of this paper is to examine how food names are translated between Korean and Chinese and the major strategies that are applied, describing patterns of translation in both language directions, from Chinese to Korean and from Korean to Chinese. Based on the linguistic-cultural characteristics of each language, the patterns of translation in both directions were compared and the norms for translation of food names between Korean and Chinese were identified. Korea and China both belong to the cultural sphere that uses Chinese characters but have very different writing systems. The Chinese writing system is an ideographic system where the characters are symbols representative of a particular meaning, whereas the Korean writing system, Hangeul, is a phonetic system. The linguistic-cultural characteristics of each writing system lead to unique patterns in the translation of food names. This paper hence compares the patterns of translation of food names in Korean to Chinese and Chinese to Korean to gain the following results. First, phonographic translation is the strategy used for Chinese to Korean translation of food names, but in Korean to Chinese translation the strategy used is semantic translation based on the linguistic-cultural characteristics of Chinese characters, with the original pronunciation written down in English. Second, the two major norms of translation identified were the translator’s use of subjectivity and domestication using native elements in the culture of the target language.

Language and language-specific structures, words, and idioms used by a society are an integral part of its culture. They reflect the cultural values of the society, and play an essential role in the transfer of these values to future generations. Quotations, idioms, and proverbs in a language are particularly decisive in this regard, and are the subject of many studies, both linguistic and cultural. Proverbs and idioms, in particular, are of great interest to scholars studying culture and language. In this study, we focused on the role of proper names in proverbs and idioms, and their importance in cultural transmission. We examined the meanings and significance of these special names in various proverbs and idioms, and attempted to determine their underlying meanings. Through a scanning method, we identified the names of people and places used in proverbs and idioms, and analyzed the proverbs and idioms in which they appeared. We also provided the meanings of these names in the sources, and discussed their significance in the context of the proverb or idiom. Although the number of proverbs and idioms with proper names is quite high, it is been limited in this study to those in which the same proper name was repeated multiple times. By focusing on these, we were able to gain a deeper understanding of the signs and meanings of these proper names, and their role in cultural transmission. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the importance of proverbs, idioms, and proper names in cultural studies, and highlights the need for further research in this area.

오늘날 게임 기대작이 출시되면 다국어로 번역되어 전세계로 유통/판매되는데, 그 중 번역은 현지화(localization) 과정에서 핵심 요소이다. O’Hagan & Mangiron(2013)은 Vermeer의 스코포스 이론을 토대로 게임 번역은 목적(skopos)에 따라 번역이 이루어지 고 이용자들이 게임을 즐기는 데 그 목적이 있다고 하였다. 본 연구에서는 닌텐도사 히트작 『젤다의 전설: 브레스 오브 더 와일드(ゼルダの伝説 ブレス オブ ザ ワイルド)』에 등장하는 고유명사를 대상으로 어떠한 번역 전략이 적용되 었는지 고찰하였다. 기능성 아이템은 통일된 기능 표현으로 번역되어 게이머들의 혼란을 방지하기에 충 분했으며, 지명의 경우 일부 지명에서 ST(Source Text)에서는 방향을 유추할 수 있는 단어로 표기되었고 TT(Target Text)에서는 방향을 나타내는 단어(동, 남, 북)를 삽입하 여 게이머들이 이해하기 쉽도록 명시화하는 번역 전략이 채택되었다. 한편, 한국어와 일본어는 언어의 유사성으로 인해 번역 시 언어간섭이 일어나기 쉬 운 언어이며, 이와 관련하여 한자어 森林(삼림), 樹海(수해), 樹(수)를 그대로 음독(音読) 하여 TT에서 의미가 부정확해지는 사례는 문제점으로 지적된다. 본 연구 대상 소프트웨어는 액션 어드벤처 게임이어서 모험 단계에서 캐릭터와의 대화 등을 통해 다음 단계로 계속 진행해 나가야 하므로 게이머들이 원활하게 게임을 진행할 수 있도록 명확한 번역은 필수인 바, 본 연구에서 구체적 사례를 들어 제언한다.

When smash hit games are released into the market, they are translated into multiple languages with global distribution. Language translation is an essential part of localization. O’Hagan & Mangiron (2013) suggested that game translation should be carried out according to its purpose and be enjoyed by users based on the Skopos Theory of Vermeer. This study explores translation methods of proper nouns in The Legend of Zelda, Breath of the Wild, one of Nintendo’s best sellers. Functional items are translated in a unified way to prevent user confusion, while some of the place names are chosen so that the direction of the places can be inferred in Source Text (ST). In Target Text (TT), conversely, an explicitation strategy is exercised with additional words of direction, including East, West, South and North, to increase game user understanding. Meanwhile, due to linguistic similarities between the two languages, language interference is more common in Korean–Japanese translations. For example, overuse of the possessive and phonetical reading of 森林(forest), 樹海(rain forest), and 樹(trees) result in meaning inaccuracy in the Target Text. This study focuses on a specific action–adventure game, where the characters conduct their adventures through smooth and active communication. In this context, more clarified language translation is required. This study suggests relevant translation solutions accordingly.

Unlike common nouns, proper nouns do not depend on the situation. So a proper noun is defined as either pointing to a particular object or pointing to a single object. In philosophy, these proper nouns have been known to play an important role in linking objects only to language and language extrinsic targets. For these reasons, however, proper nouns were not considered as important in foreign language education. However, after ‘the pragmatic turn of linguistics’ in the early 1960s, communication-oriented foreign language education became important. Because communication is closely related to the concept of culture, and culture and proper nouns are closely related. The purpose of this paper is to examine the status of proper nouns in the basic vocabulary of the second foreign language curriculum and how these proper nouns are presented in the College Entrance Trial Test/College Scholastic Ability Test. This paper seeks to analyze how often the same proper nouns are repeated in the test, how the proper nouns are translated, and whether such translations are consistent.

Im Gegensatz zu gewöhnlichen Substantiven sind Eigennamen nicht von der Situation abhängig. Ein Eigenname ist also definiert als entweder auf ein bestimmtes Objekt zeigend oder auf ein einzelnes Objekt zeigend. In der Philosophie ist bekannt, dass diese Eigennamen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Verknüpfung von Objekten nur mit extrinsischen Zielsetzungen von Sprache und Sprache spielen. Aus diesen Gründen wurden Eigennamen im Fremdsprachenunterricht jedoch nicht als wichtig erachtet. Nach der “pragmatischen Wende der Linguistik” in den frühen 1960er Jahren wurde jedoch der kommunikationsorientierte Fremdsprachenunterricht wichtig. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass es eine enge Beziehung zwischen Kommunikation und Kultur gibt. Kultur und Eigennamen haben miteinander zu tun. Der Zweck dieses Artikels ist es, den Status von Eigennamen im Vokabular des zweiten Fremdsprachenlehrplans zu untersuchen und wie diese Eigennamen im College Entrance Trial Test / College Scholastic Ability Test dargestellt werden. Diese Arbeit versucht zu analysieren, wie oft dieselben Eigennamen im Test wiederholt werden, wie die Eigennamen übersetzt werden und ob solche Übersetzungen konsistent sind.

This paper examined how proper nouns are converted to a common entity noun in a more comprehensive universe of discourse and a common entity noun to a proper noun in a more restricted universe of discourse. A proper noun, which was named in a more restricted universe of discourse, is converted to a common entity noun in a more comprehensive universe of discourse. Family names like Smith are frequently converted to a common entity noun when uttered in a larger community as in The Smith I mean is a Scottish economist. A common entity noun, which was named in a more comprehensive universe of discourse, is converted to a proper noun in a more restricted universe of discourse. President is converted to a common entity noun when uttered among people of a nation as in President made an address on TV.

This article examines proper nouns in the Korean translation of the French picture book Ma Vallée by Claude Ponti. Ponti is known for formulating new words for use as proper nouns in his works. In Ma Vallée, they include names of characters, places, and objects, and are inextricably interwoven with the narrative development. The proper nouns are composed in diverse ways: existing words with the first letter of each word capitalized; homophonic wordplay; the combination of existing words with new ones; union of existing words with an expression of which the meaning is unclear; expressions based on intertextuality; anagrams; and meaningless expressions focused on amusing or exotic sounds. These introduced proper nouns all begin with a capital letter. Unlike French, Korean does not use capital letters as a marker for proper nouns. In the Korean translation, the category of proper nouns is preserved in two ways: the use of single quotation marks and the verbal context which surrounds the expressions in question. However, some proper nouns are converted into common nouns without single quotation marks or any contextual clues. The proper nouns are translated in following ways: translating meaning; transcription; phonetic reduction; combination of translating meaning and transcription; recreation; and deletion. The translation of proper nouns when the category is preserved than when they are converted into common nouns.

관광지와 관련되는 고유명사는 최대한 관광객들에게 명확한 관광 정보를 알려주기 위 한 것이기에 번역을 함에 있어서 이 점을 고려하지 않을 수 없다. 그러나 국립국어원 현행 외래어 표기법에 따라 고유명사를 번역할 경우, 중국어 원음이 지나치게 강조되기에 중국 어를 모르는 관광객들에게 있어서 번역의 의미를 상실하게 된다. 본고는 중국 항주 관광과 관련된 고유명사를 중심으로 그 한국어 번역에 대해 논의를 해 보았다. 주로 항주 관광에 서 자주 경험하게 될 자연산수, 인문 유적지, 둑과 섬, 길 이름, 경관 이름, 식당 이름, 요리 이름 등을 열거하여 그 구체적인 번역 방법에 대해 중-한 양국 언어에 능통한 전문가 를 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하여 이를 바탕으로 바람직한 번역 방법에 대한 제안을 하고 자 하였다. 조사 결과를 보면 안내판, 메뉴판 등에 제시를 해야 할 경우, 한국인이든 중국 인이든 전체적으로 한국식 한자음 번역을 더 많이 선호하였다. 다만 한국인 응답자 중에서 국립국어원 외래어 표기법에 따라 중국어 원음 표기법을 선택한 자의 비례수가 상대적으 로 중국인 응답자보다 높았고 개별적 몇몇 어휘, 예컨대 小和山,钱塘江, 西溪湿地,外婆家 등의 번역은 중국인 응답자와 한국인 응답자가 반대되는 양상을 보였다. 즉 한국인 응답자 는 다수가 중국어 원음 표기법을 선택한 반면, 중국인 응답자는 다수가 한국식 한자음 번역법을 선택하였다. 결론적으로 조사를 통해 고유명사의 번역은 하나의 획일적인 규칙 또는 전략을 따르기보다 구체적인 상황과 유형에 따라 융통성 있게 번역을 해야 함을 알 수 있다. 말하자면 고유명사의 번역은 정보성, 습관성, 일관성, 소통성, 시각적 효과 등 측면을 종합적으로 고려하여 자연산수, 인문 유적지, 둑과 섬, 길 이름, 경관 이름 등은 한국식 한자음 번역을 하는 것이 바람직하고 음식 이름은 원음 표기법+뜻풀이식으로 번 역하는 것이 바람직하다고 제안하고 싶다.

Great emphasis is placed on proper noun translation because those associated with tourist attractions must provide tourist information as clear as possible. However, if proper nouns are translated by following the current foreign language notation rules of the National Institute of Korean Language, the original Chinese pronunciation will be over-emphasized, as a result, the meaning of Chinese characters cannot be properly conveyed to the tourists who do not know Chinese. The study discussed Korean translation, focusing on the proper nouns related to tourism in Hangzhou, China, chiefly on the names of natural landscapes, historic sites, causeways, islands, roads, and names of restaurants and dishes. This paper brings forward an ideal approach to do the translation based on a questionnaire survey conducted among Chinese and Korean philologists. According to the investigation, both Koreans and Chinese prefer Korean-style Chinese characters on a notice board or a menu. However, the proportion of Korean respondents preferring the original Chinese notation in accordance with the rules of the National Institute of Korean Language is relatively higher than that of Chinese respondents. As to some Chinese names such as Xiaohe Hill, Qiantang River, Xixi Wetland, Waipojia Restaurant, many Korean respondents choose the original Chinese phonetic notation, while many Chinese respondents use the Korean Chinese phonetic translation method. In conclusion, the translation of proper nouns should be flexible in light of specific circumstances and types rather than following one uniform rule or strategy. The translation of proper nouns requires comprehensive consideration of the aspects such as effectiveness of information transfer, habituation, consistency, communication, and visual effects. The names of natural landscapes, relic sites, causeways, islands, and roads should be translated with Korean Chinese characters notation, and the names of the food with original notation+interpretation.

본 논문은 12세기 전사로 추정되는 前田本 『日本書紀』의 일본고유명에 가점된 성점을 조사하여 자료로 제시하고 한국고유명과의 차이를 고찰하였다. 일본고유명의 성점은 중고음의 평성, 거성, 입성이 마에다본에서는 상성인 b점으로 가점되는 '상성화'의 경향이 높았다. 이는 한국고유명이 '평성화'로 가점되는 점과 상이하며 한국고유명과 일본고유명에 대한 가점 태도가 같지 않았음을 추정할 수 있다. 또한 중국 북방음을 기반으로 한 α군이 집중된 마에다본에서 성점은 중국의 중고음을 그대로 반영하지 않음을 의미한다. 한편 일본 오음의 평성·거성·입성은 a점, b점으로 대응하였으며 일본 한음의 평성·상성·거성·입성은 a점, b점으로 대응하였다. 이로써 일본 고유명의 성점은 일본오음과 한음 중 어느 한쪽을 일방적으로 반영하지 않음을 알 수 있었다.

This paper looked into the tone marks added to the proper nouns of Japan origin in Maeda manuscript which is assumed to be a 12thcentury copy, and provided the result as a material, also, analyzed the characteristics of the manuscript in comparis on with middle Chinese, Japan Go’on, and Japan Kan’on. Furthermore, it discussed the difference with the proper nouns of Korean origin. As a result, ‘Hyosyo, Kyosho, Nisyo’ of middle Chinese in Our materials often tend to be marked as ‘b(Josyo)’ in Maeda manuscript. This is quite different compared to the fact that the proper nouns of Korean origin are marked as ‘Hyosyo’. From this, we could guess that the attitude related to the marking is not similar. Also, this means that Maeda manuscript is concentrated on α-group based on north Chinese, but does not reflect the middle Chinese itself. On the other hand, ‘Hyosyo, Kyosyo, Nisyo’ in Japan Go’on correspond to ‘a, b’ marking and ‘Hyosyo, Josyo, Kyosyo, Nisyo’ in Japan Kan’on correspond to ‘a, b’ marking. It revealed that the marking in the proper nouns of Japan origin does not reflect just one side between Japan Go’on and Kan’on.

本稿は12世紀伝写と推定される前田本日本書紀の日本固有名に加点された声点を調査し、資料として提示する。中国中古音、日本呉音及び漢音との対応を通じてその特徴を考察することを目的とする。ひいては韓国固有名との相異を考察した。その結果、中国中古音の平声、去声、入声が本資料ではｂ点(上声)に加点される特徴があった。これはa点(平声)に加点傾向のある韓国固有名とは相違なることで、前田本の転写態度は日本固有名と韓国固有名において均一してないことを意味する。なお前田本は中国北方音を基盤として執筆されたといわれるα群が集中しているものの、中国中古音をそのまま反映していないことも意味する。また日本呉音と漢音との対応を見ると、日本呉音の平声·去声·入声はa点とb点に、日本漢音の平声·上声·去声·入声もa点,b点に対応していた。これにより、日本固有名の声点は日本呉音と漢音のどちらにも一方的に影響を受けいないことが分かった。

本稿では『銀河鉄道の夜』の韓国語の翻訳本『ウンハチョルドウイバ厶(은하철도의밤)』を対象に、文学作品の日韓翻訳に現れる固有名詞の翻訳様相を探り、翻訳家の介入(intervention)範囲がどの程度かを考察している。その結果、日韓翻訳の場合、人名は音訳(transliteration)を、地名と星の名前と曲名は、韓国の読者に親しみのある名前が使われている。特に、地名と星の名前と曲名は、対象読者が子供である場合、翻訳家の介入現象がより顕著に現れているが、これは読者である子供たちのテキストの理解を深めるための翻訳家の戦略であると見られる。また、読者層が大人の場合、すなわちイソンヒ(2000，2001)とシムジョンスク(2004)に見られる介入現象は多少相反する様相を見せている。すなわち、イソンヒは訳注を用いた翻訳家の介入現象が殆んど現れていないが、シムジョンスクは訳注を通じて『銀河鉄道の夜』の作品世界を深く扱う傾向が見られる。これは読者層が大人であることは同じであるが、テキスト上の目的におけるイソンヒ訳は一般読者向けの翻訳、シムジョンスク訳は従来の絵本や文庫類にはかけていた部分を補うとともに『銀河鉄道の夜』の作品世界まで深く扱っていることは、読者層を一般の人々を含め、『銀河鉄道の夜』を研究する人々も対象にした翻訳家の介入であるといえる。実際の世界と暗示的な関係を持ち、言語遊戯を通じて具現化された名前の場合は、対象読者が子供の場合は、訳注を用いて具体的な情報を簡単に提供しようとする翻訳家の介入が現れている。これは読者である子供たちの好奇心を刺激するための翻訳家の戦略であると見られる。また、対象読者が大人である場合は、イソンヒは訳注を用いた翻訳家の介入現象が殆んど現れていないが、シムジョンスクは訳注を通じて『銀河鉄道の夜』の作品世界を深く扱う傾向が見られる。

This research points out that proper nouns, which were considered as having relatively less value in vocabulary, can actually become the shortcut to the fluency of foreign learners. Also, it tries to confirm it's importance on vocabulary by the corpus of native speakers. These serial kinds of vocabulary will be put together under the term ‘culture based vocabulary’ and furthermore, this will be diversly arranged and analyzed. If these words are presented and educated in the field of Korean education, this would do great service to the completion of Korean studying by being extended to the understanding of the cultural, social background of Korean language.

Taking the perspective that Spanish proper nouns with epithet(e.g., Alfonso X el Sabio ‘Alfonso X the Wise’) are syntactically derived as a starting point, this article focuses on the analysis of the properties of their constituents and their formation processes. The predicative relation that epithets establish with proper nouns and the absolute superlative interpretation of the individuallevel properties denoted by epithets are shown to be determined in the course of syntactic derivation. Agreement taking place in these constructions corroborates the current approach drawing on the recently developed feature sharing view of Agree.

A partir del postulado de que los nombres propios con epíteto del español(e.g., Alfonso X el Sabio) se derivan sintácticamente, este trabajo presenta un análisis de las propiedades de sus constituyentes y los procesos de su formación. Se argumenta a favor de que la relación predicativa que los epítetos establecen con los nombres propios y la interpretación de grado superlativo absoluto de las propiedades semánticas (de nivel individual) aportados por los epítetos se determinan en el curso de la derivación sintáctica. La observación sobre la concordancia en estas construcciones en el marco teórico de feature sharing de la relación de sondeo corrobora la aproximación desarrollada en este estudio.

A distinction is made between common nouns and proper nouns in traditional grammar. These. are names for persons, geographical units and many other concrete and abstract entities, while those are nouns that refer to a Kind of persons and things. In this paper we depend the idea that the difference between common nouns and proper nouns is basically a difference in logical type. The distinction between common nouns and proper nouns is related to the presence of a referential arguments. The referential argument R is only present in common nouns, not in proper nouns. The absence of R in proper nouns explains the very restricted range of determiners and modifiers they allow. The presence of a referential argument corresponds with a semantic, type-theoretical difference. Nouns with R are interpreted as predicates, expressions of type <e, t>, but nouns without R are interpreted as individual constants, expressions of type c. In section 2 this explains the limited range of determiners and modifiers of proper nouns. In section 3, the analysis of proper nouns will be extended to definite generics, which can be seen as proper names for Kinds. In this way we can distinguish between proper nouns for entities on two Kinds of levels. Lexical rules map between these different sorts of nouns by manipulating the referential argument. Proper nouns can be turned into common nouns by adding R in the argument-structure. There is a concomitant shift of types from e to <e, t>. By deleting of the R of common nouns, proper nouns for kinds can be made, which are used in definite generics. These show the same restricted possibilities of determination and modification as ordinary proper nouns. Here the type-shift goes from <e, t> to e.

Hong, Yong-Tcheol. 2016. Obligatory Presence of the So-called Genitive Marker "uy" on the Nominal Dependents of Proper Nouns: a Case Supporting "uy" as a Modifier Marker. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 41-4, 761-779. 박소영(2014) has observed that the so-called genitive marker “uy” appears obligatorily on the nominal dependents of proper noun heads, and claimed that this interesting fact provides a piece of evidence that “uy” is a structural Case marker, but not a modifier marker. This paper presents the exactly opposite claim by showing that “uy”-as-a-modifier-marker analysis, but not “uy”-as-a-structural-Case-marker analysis, accounts for the same fact. (Sungshin Women’s University)

Taking the perspective that Spanish proper nouns with epithet(e.g., Alfonso X el Sabio ‘Alfonso X the Wise’) are syntactically derived as a starting point, this article focuses on the analysis of the properties of their constituents and their formation processes. The predicative relation that epithets establish with proper nouns and the absolute superlative interpretation of the individuallevel properties denoted by epithets are shown to be determined in the course of syntactic derivation. Agreement taking place in these constructions corroborates the current approach drawing on the recently developed feature sharing view of Agree.