Earticle

This study investigates the potential components for academic research collaboration, and the factors that make it possible to achieve higher academic productivity. The components include collaboration factors and a collaboration model. We use two major collaboration factors to develop a framework for understanding the mechanisms that influence academic research collaborations: motivational factors and mediating factors. Motivational factors include self- motivation and trust whereas mediating factors are collaboration orientation and peer support. We analyze the effect for use of e-collaboration with research performance, reward, and satisfaction with e-research output. A survey of academicians was conducted, and by using the factor analysis and the structural equation model with SPSS 20 AMOS, we illustrate the possible influence of these factors on research performance and satisfaction. We discovered that both motivational and mediating factors play important roles on the success of academic research. This study offers several implications for academicians. We develop a parsimonious research model, which is related to e-collaboration in academic research. This unique model offers academicians to achieve good publication output from the research team. The motivational factor, self-motivation and trust, are important factors which has received positive impact of mediating factor collaboration orientation and peer support. Our research sheds light on the crucial factors for use of e-collaboration which offer the ultimate effect on performance and satisfaction with e-research output. Satisfaction motivates people to work more and more on the field of their interest, thereby influencing the performance of academicians. Rewards should be distributed according to performance of the individual, which will motivate the person to become more enthusiastic for his work of interest. Our evidence suggests that in understating the collaborative process, one must account for the context in which the collaboration occurs, the motivation of the collaborators, the scope and nature of the project, the roles and activities undertaken, and interpersonal processes such as trust. Researchers’ motivations for engaging in collaboration were both instrumental and intrinsic.

이 논문은 백년전쟁 말기에 영국에 의해 점령된 프랑스, 이른바 ‘영국령 프랑스’에서 나타난 ‘저항’과 ‘협력’을 통해서 당시 프랑스인들의 민족 감정과 의식을 살펴보고 있다. 먼저, 여러 신분 및 사회계층들의 표면적인 태도에서 관찰된 바를 근거로 추정하건대, 그들 각각에게서 나타나는 저항 또는 협력 행위에는 매우 다양한 동기와 욕망이 있었으며, 따라서 이 시기 프랑스의 상황에서 저항과 협력을 민족의식이나 애국심의 증표로 간주하는 것은 시대착오이다. 아울러 점령당국의 통치 방식, 아르마냑파-부르고뉴파 사이의 내란, 두 왕국 사이의 면면한 관계사와 같은 정치적 배경 또한 ‘이중왕국’에 대한 당시 프랑스인들의 태도에 적지 않은 영향을 끼쳤을 것이다. 결론적으로, 15세기 초 프랑스인들의 민족의식에 관하여 우리는 그것이 이 같은 ‘이중왕국’의 구상을 불가능하게 할 만큼 강력하지는 않았지만, 그럼에도 그러한 구상의 궁극적인 실현을 불가능하게 할 만큼은 강력했다고 말할 수 있다.

This article deals with the French national sentiment through the 'résistance' and 'collaboration' in France occupied by England, the so-called 'la France anglaise' during the late period of the Hundred Years War. Judging from what we have observed through the apparent attitudes of various estates or social classes, resistant or collaborative behaviors in each of them were motivated by quite diverse intentions and desires, and thus it is anachronistic to regard such behaviors as evidences of the national sentiment and patriotism. Also, the attitudes of the French people toward the 'Dual Monarchy' must have been greatly affected by political background in those days including the ways of the occupying power's rule, the civil war between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians and the long history of close relations of the two Kingdoms. As for their national sentiment in the early fifteenth-century, in the last analysis, it should be noted that though it was not strong enough to make the idea of 'Dual Monarchy' unimaginable, it was strong enough to make its realization impossible ultimately.

This study investigates what are the potential components for academic research collaboration, and which makes possible to achieve higher academic productivity. The components include collaboration factors and collaboration model. We use two major collaboration factors to develop a framework for understanding the mechanisms that influence academic research collaborations: motivational factors and mediating factors. Motivational factors are self-motivation and trust and mediating factors are collaboration orientation, and peer support. We are going to analyze the effect of ecollaboration with research performance, reward and satisfaction with research output. We conducted the survey from the academicians. Using factor analysis and structural equation model with SPSS 20 AMOS, we illustrate the possible influence of these factors on research performance and satisfaction. We found that both motivational factors and mediating factors play important roles on the success of academics’ research.

본 연구의 목적은 공공조직 종사자를 대상으로 분배공정성과 직무열의 간 관계에서 일 의 의미와 협력의 매개효과를 분석하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 국내 공공조직 종사자 1,331 명을 대상으로 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하였고, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 통해 검증하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 분배공정성이 직무열의에 미치는 직접효과는 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 분배 공정성과 직무열의 간 관계에서 일의 의미가 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 분배공정성 과 직무열의 간 관계에서 협력이 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 분배공정성을 통해 직무열의를 향상시키기 위해서는 일의 의미와 협력을 증진시켜야 함을 실증적으로 밝혔다 는 점에서 의의가 있다. 연구결과를 토대로 일의 의미와 협력을 통해 직무열의를 높이기 위한 이론적·실천적 시사점과 향후 연구과제를 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of Meaningful Work and Collaboration on the relationship between the Distributive Fairness and Job Engagement of public employees in South Korea. To achieve the purpose, we collected data of 1,331 employees in Korean public organizations through an online survey. We tested the research model by using a structural equation modeling method. The results were as follows: first, the direct effect of Distributive Fairness on Job Engagement was not statistically significant; second, Meaningful Work fully mediated the relationship between Distributive Fairness and Job Engagement; and, finally, Collaboration fully mediated the relationship between Distributive Fairness and Job Engagement. This study is meaningful because it revealed the importance of enhancing Meaningful Work and Collaboration in order to improve Job Engagement through Distributive Fairness of public employees. Based on the results, we presented suggestions for future research and practices.

With the improvement of smart devices, network and cloud computing, and the development of mega platforms for on demand services, efficient and non-face-to-face smart-work environments are increasingly available without time and space constraints. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of various elements of smart-work systems (smart-work knowledge, type of smart-work, smartwork technologies, organizational system) on the communication and collaboration of the organization. And then it is to reveal an important factor in enhancing effectiveness of smart-work and organizational performance and in demonstrating the value creation mechanism of smart-work system. To verify the research model, we utilize for smart-work awareness survey data of 800 government officials worked on 36 organizations as Korea 's public and research institutes. As a result, smart-work knowledge, types, technologies, and organizational system were found to enhance the communication of organizational members. On the other hand, types and technologies of smart-work promote collaboration, but smartwork knowledge and organizational system do not directly affect collaboration of organizational members. As with previous studies, communication and collaboration in the smart-work system showed positive effects in improving effectiveness of smart-work, and furthermore it was proved to be a leading factor in creating organizational performance. Through this study, Smart-work mechanism creates effectiveness and performance by strengthening communication and collaboration among the members of the organization.

Background: Medication-related problems (MRPs) frequently occur during the discharge period. Elderly patients, particularly, are at high risk for these problems due to polypharmacy and the use of potentially inappropriate medications. The purpose of this study was to build and implement collaboration between general hospital and community pharmacies to address MRPs among high-risk elderly patients before/after discharge. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between June and December of 2020. The inclusion criteria were patients with aged ≥65 years; residents of Jeonju; discharged from Jeonbuk National University hospital; either on medication of exceeding 10 medications (or high-risk medications) after hospitalization through the emergency room, or having severe illness. Patients received medication reconciliation and counselling by hospital pharmacists before discharge and home-visit pharmaceutical care as follow-up by community pharmacists after discharge. Results: Twenty-two patients agreed to home-visit pharmaceutical services. Fifteen and 11 patients completed the first and second home-visit pharmaceutical care service, respectively. Forty-two MRPs were identified in 15 patients. The types of high-frequency MRPs were incorrect administration of drug, adverse drug reactions, medication non-compliance, drug-drug interactions, lifestyle modifications, and expired medication disposal. After consultation with the pharmacist, 34 out of 42 MRPs were resolved. Conclusions: Transitional care for high-risk elderly patients before and after discharge was successfully built and implemented through a collaboration between general hospital and community pharmacies. This study suggests that home-visit pharmaceutical services may have positive effects on the safe use of drugs during the transition period; however, additional research is needed to expand on these findings.

최근 코로나로 인해 대면으로 커뮤니케이션하기 어려운 상황이다. 이를 해결하기 위해 다양한 플랫폼 형태의 커뮤니케이션 툴이 개발되고 있다. 본 연구를 위해 20-40대 현업에서 근무하고 있는 직장인 대상으로 프로젝트 시 가장 많이 사용하고 있는 툴은 무엇이며, 협업 중 가장 힘든 문제점은 무엇이었는지를 알기 위해 설문조사를 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 실무자들은 업무를 위해 평소 자주 사용했던 익숙한 툴을 사용하고 있으며, 협업 중 원활하지 않은 커뮤니케 이션이 가장 힘들다고 응답하였다. 본 연구에서는 현재 국내 디자이너와 개발자들이 협업에서 사용하고 있는 도구와 용도에 대해 파악하고, 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방향을 제안하고자 한다.

Recently, it is difficult to communicate face-to-face during work due to corona. To solve this problem, various platform-type communication tools are being created. For this study, we surveyed office workers in the 2040 field to find out what tools they are using the most and what are the most difficult problems with their collaboration. According to the analysis, practitioners use familiar tools that they used frequently for their work, and during the collaboration, poor communication is the most difficult. In this study, we would like to identify the tools and uses that are currently being used by domestic designers and developers in collaboration, and suggest directions for solving problems.

국내의 건설 산업의 경우 시공을 중심으로 하는 프로젝트관리를 수행하는 반면에 시공품질과 관계를 지닌 설계품질에 대한 관리는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시설물별로 설계결함 및 안전취약요소를 파악하고, 설계결함의 발생요인을 분석하여 시설물 설계결함의 최소화를 위한 방법론을 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 7개 시설물(교량, 터널, 주상복합, 아파트, 스포츠시설, 오피스텔, 백화점)을 대상으로 설계결함의 분류체계 및 생산조직 간 의사결정의 문제점을 분석하였다. 이를 기반으로 중점관리 시설물의 균열을 예방하기 위한 점검항목을 도출하였으며, 설계결함을 저감하기 위해 생산조직의 협업 방법론을 고찰하고, 유지관리 과정에서의 점검 방안을 제시하였다.

In the case of the domestic construction industry, the project management centering on the construction is carried out, but the management of the design quality with relation to the construction quality is insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to grasp the design defect and safety vulnerable factor for each facilities, and to consider the methodology for minimizing design defect of the facilities by analyzing occurrence cause of design defect. To achieve this purpose, we analyzed the classification system of design defect and the problems of decision making of production organization aimed at facilities(bridge, tunnel, residential complex, apartment, sport facilities, officetel, department store). Based on this study, we deducted the inspection items to prevent crack for each priority management facilities, and suggest the plans of inspection in maintenance phase by considering the methodology for collaboration of production organization in order to reduce design defect.

학교 교육활동의 책무성을 제고하기 위한 학교평가와 함께 학교 행정 및 교육활동 의 합법성을 제고하기 위해 학교감사가 시행되면서 ‘학교자체평가’와 ‘학교자율 종합감사’의 연 계 가능성에 대한 논의가 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 학교자체평가와 학교자율 종합감사의 연계 운영 가능성 탐색 및 그 효과에 대한 인식을 파악하려고 하였다. 학교자체평가와 학교자율 종합감사의 연계 방법으로는 학교자율 종합감사와 학교자체평가를 동시에 진행하여 하나의 결과보고서를 작성 하거나 학교자체평 가 결과보고서 작성 후 학교자율 종합감사 수행을 하는 방식을 고려할 수 있다. 평 가와 감사의 연 계를 통해 교직원 업무 경감 및 효율성 제고, 감사주기 적체해소의 효과를 가져올 수 있다.

School evaluations are implemented to enhance the accountability of school’s teaching and learning while school audits are implemented to enhance the legitimacy of school administration and educational activities. So discussions are being raised about the possibility of linking 'school self-evaluation' and 'comprehensive school self-assessment'. This study aimed to inquire the possibility of linking school self-assessment and school autonomous comprehensive audit and to identify perceptions of its effectiveness. Regarding the possibility of linking both sides, considering conducting the school autonomous comprehensive audit and school self-evaluation simultaneously and writing a single result report, or conducting a school autonomous comprehensive audit after writing the school self-evaluation result report were recommended. It can have the effect of reducing faculty and staff workload, improving efficiency, and eliminating backlog in the audit cycle.

This study aimed to explore the collaborative elements and strategies between physical therapists and special education teachers to provide substantial support for the ‘Activities of Daily Living' in the 2022 revised special education basic curriculum, and to draw implications. The research utilized literature research methods, analyzing domestic and international policies, laws, official documents from national agencies and related organizations, and previous studies. The findings were as follows: The analysis of content elements of activities of daily living in physical therapy and special education revealed related or common elements in the areas of independent living, physical activity, and adaptive living for those with severe disabilities. The main common elements included emphasis on self-care skills, focus on enhancing physical movement and mobility, and support for adaptation and participation in daily life. The key collaborative elements were: firstly, integrating therapeutic and educational approaches; secondly, jointly setting physical and functional goals in individualized education plans(IEP); thirdly, sharing expertise and resources; and fourthly, developing joint educational programs for activities of daily living Additionally, domestic studies and examples of school-based physical therapy(SBPT) in the United States suggested that collaboration between physical therapy and special education can be effective in supporting educational outcomes when implemented in school environments.

본 연구의 목적은 럭셔리 패션브랜드와 아트 콜라보레이션의 사례를 고찰하여 유형화하고 그 효과를 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법은 럭셔리 패션브랜드와 아트 콜라보레이션의 이론적 배경을 고찰하고 주요 사례를 통한 내용 분석으 로 진행하였다. 연구결과는 사례 분석을 통한 도출로 다음의 2개 유형으로 분류되었다. 첫 번째는 제품 디자인을 위한 아트 콜라보레이션이고, 두 번째 유형은 전시 작품을 위한 아트 콜라보레이션이다. 유형에 따른 내용 분석은 브랜드와 아티스트 관점에서 각각 정리하였고 그로인한 협업 효과를 최종 도출하였다. 주요 효과는 디자인과 예술의 일체화, 사 회·문화적 배경의 다양화, 표현의 혁신적 비전화이다. 본 연구는 예술 작품 접목을 통한 럭셔리 패션브랜드의 확장된 디자인 방법과 효과를 살펴보고, 향후 패션디자인과 아트 콜라보레이션 연구에 기초 자료를 제시하는 것에 그 의의를 갖는다.

The purpose of this study is to examine and categorize the cases of luxury fashion brands and art collaboration and find out their effects. The research method examined the theoretical background of luxury fashion brand and art collaboration and proceeded with content analysis through major cases. The research results were classified into the following two types through case analysis. The first is art collaboration for product design, and the second type is art collaboration for exhibition works. Content analysis according to type was organized from the perspective of brands and artists, respectively, and the resulting collaboration effect was finally derived. The main effects are the integration of design and art, diversification of social and cultural backgrounds, and innovative vision of expression. This study is meaningful in examining the expanded design methods and effects of luxury fashion brands through grafting artworks and presenting basic data for future fashion art collaboration design research.

최근 색다른 경험을 추구하는 콜라보레이션이 젊은 층을 중심으로 긍정적 반응을 얻고 있다. 하지만 모든 콜라보 제품이 성공적으로 흥행하는 것은 아니며, 일부 비식품 콜라보 제품이 식품으로 오해될 우려로 현행 약 사법에 위반되어 판매 중지된 사례가 있어 안전성과 관 련된 가이드가 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 본 연구는 의약외품 중 일반 치약 패키지 디자인과 콜라보 치약 패 키지 디자인을 유니버셜 디자인 관점에서 비교 분석하 여, 안전하고 차별화된 콜라보 패키지 디자인의 개선 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 선행 연구를 통해 이론적 고찰에 대한 정보를 수집 하고, 유니버셜 디자인 PPP 평가 가이드라인을 적용하 여 제품 평가를 진행하였다. 그 결과 일반 제품들은 모 두 주요 성분과 제품 정보 확인이 가능하다는 공통점을 보인 반면, 콜라보 제품에서는 디자인 유사 문제로 판 매 중지 결정된 사례와 정보 부족 및 유니버셜 디자인 측면에서의 고려 부족의 문제가 나타났다. 이를 통해 디자인의 창의성만 고려할 것이 아니라 제품의 특성에 맞는 색상 및 그래픽 사용, 명확한 정보 전달을 고려해 야 한다는 결론을 도출했다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구가 향후 식품과 관련된 의약외품 콜라보 제품 디자 인 개발 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

In recent times, collaborations aiming to provide unique experiences have received positive responses, especially from the younger demographic. However, not all collaborative products succeed, and there have been cases where certain non-food collaboration products were suspended from sale due to concerns about being misconstrued as food, violating current pharmaceutical laws. This highlights the need for guidelines related to safety. Therefore, this study aims to compare and analyze the package designs of regular toothpaste and collaborative toothpaste from a universal design perspective. The goal is to propose improvements for safe and distinctive collaborative package designs. Through a review of previous studies, information was gathered for theoretical considerations. Product evaluations were conducted using the Universal Design Principles, Policies, and Practices (PPP) evaluation guidelines. The results revealed that regular products shared the common feature of clear identification of key ingredients and product information. In contrast, issues such as design similarity leading to the suspension of sales and lack of information and consideration in terms of universal design were identified in collaborative products. This led to the conclusion that not only should the creativity of the design be considered, but also factors such as appropriate colors and graphics that match the product's characteristics, and clear information delivery. Based on these findings, it is hoped that this study will serve as foundational information for the future.

본 연구에서는 정보통신 기술의 발전, 인터넷의 확산 등으로 그 중요성이 더욱 부각되고 있는 파트너쉽을 바탕으로 정보기술 활용 수준이 협업과 조직의 성과관계에 미치는 영향에 대해 살펴보았다. 정보기술이 단순히 필요할 때만 잠시 이용하고 마는 일회성의 도구가 아닌, 장기적 차원에서 조직의 성과를 지속적으로 끌어올리고 이를 통한 파트너와의 상생을 가져 올 수 있는 중요한 요소로 파악해, 기업의 성과 차원에서 정보기술 활용 수준을 재고 해 보는데 의의가 있다.분석의 시사점으로는 정보기술 사용수준이 높고 낮음을 떠나 각 기업의 미래가치를 위한 정보기술 활용 노력이 필요하며, 이를 위한 지속적인 직원교육을 실시 및 자신의 기업에 적합한 정보기술을 지속적으로 도입이 무엇보다 중요한 것으로 파악된다.마지막으로 본 연구는 기존의 연구들에서 제시되었던 요인들을 다시 한 번 검증해 보고 그를 바탕으로 각 기업 간 정보기술 활용수준을 이용한 차이를 파악하기 위해 정보기술 활용수준을 조절변수로 활용, 그 영향력에 대한 차이를 측정해 보는 것이 본 연구의 가장 큰 주안점이라고 할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 향후 기업의 정보기술 개선 및 활용에 대한 신뢰성 있는 정보를 제공함으로써 파트너쉽 유지 및 협업과 관련한 다양한 의사결정에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

This study addresses information technology using level has an effect on the collaboration and or-ganization's performance depending on the partnership that is important because of rapid development of information technology and internet diffusion. In the long view, information technology persistently increases the performance and expects the useful factor for the examing the organization's performance.Information technology using level leaves the lowness or highly, information technical application effort for the future value of each enterprise is necessary, the staff education which continuous for this the fact that the introduction is more important what continuously is information technology which is suitable at the enterprise of execution.The main purpose of this study is to figure out the difference between collaboration and organ-ization's outcome using information technology using level that is moderating variable and difference the effect.

본 연구는 떼아트르 현대무용단과 극단 노을이 20여 년간 함께 만든 작품들을 토대로 하여 무용과 연극 협업 의 의미를 조망하고, 그 한계와 발전 가능성까지 제시함으로써 무용극 또는 극 무용의 협업을 시도하려는 안무 가와 연출가에게 실질적으로 체감될 수 있는 도움을 주는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이에 본 연구자는 목적을 달성 하기 위하여 설정된 연구 문제를 다음과 같이 설정하였다. 첫째, 협업작업과 융합작업의 개념은 무엇인가? 둘 째, 떼아트르 현대무용단과 극단 노을의 연속적인 협업이 가능했던 원인이 무엇이었는가? 셋째, 떼아트르 현대 무용단과 극단 노을의 협업에 나타난 특징은 무엇인가? 넷째, 떼아트르 현대무용단과 극단 노을 협업의 의의는 무엇인가? 다섯째, 두 단체 간의 협업에 있어 한계와 무용과 연극 협업의 바람직한 발전 방향은 무엇인가? 본 연구자는 극단 노을의 상임 연출로서 두 단체가 협업하였던 작품들에 직간접적으로 깊은 관여가 되어 있는 경 험을 바탕으로 두 단체의 참여자들이 작품을 기반으로 하여 정리했던 논문을 심층 분석하였으며, 개별 인터뷰 를 진행하여 부족한 부분을 보완하였다.

The purpose of this study is to view the meaning of dance and theater collaboration based on the works created by the Theatre Modern Dance Company and the theater company Noeul for more than 20 years, and to provide practical help to choreographers and directors who want to collaborate in dance or drama. Therefore, this researcher set the research problem set to achieve the purpose as follows. First, what is the concept of collaborative work and convergence work? Second, what was the reason for the continuous collaboration between the Theatre Modern Dance Company and the theater company Noeul? Third, what are the characteristics of the collaboration between the Theatre Modern Dance Company and the theater company Noeul? Fourth, what is the significance of the collaboration between the Theatre Modern Dance Company and the theater company Noeul? Fifth, what are the limitations of collaboration between the two organizations and the desirable direction of development of dance and theater collaboration? Based on the experience of being directly or indirectly involved in the works collaborated by the two groups as a standing director of the theater company Noeul, this researcher focused on analyzing the papers organized by the participants based on the works, and conducted individual interviews to compensate for the shortcomings.

캐릭터 콜라보레이션은 인지도 높은 캐릭터를 제품 마케팅에 활용함으로써 경쟁 제품과 차별화를 누리는 한편 캐릭터는 더 유명해지고, 소비자 역시 캐릭터를 더 가까이 접하는 효과를 얻게 해 준다. 최근 국내 대표적인 캐릭터인 카카오 및 라인 제품은 국내에서 남녀노소 구분 없이 지속적으로 선호하는 제품으로 발전되었고 다양한 제품에 활용되어 부가가치를 높이고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 캐릭터가 가진 특성이 콜라보레이션 제품으로 반영되고, 이것이 다시 제품에 대한 선호도로 이어지는 일련의 과정을 검증해 보고자 하였다. 약 2주 동안 390명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하고 통계분석을 통하여 결과를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째 캐릭터 콜라보레이션 제품의 친숙성을 높이는 데는 매력적인 캐릭터가 가장 효과적이다. 둘째, 캐릭터 콜라보레이션 제품의 신뢰성을 높이는 데는 역동적인 캐릭터가 가장 유용하다. 셋째 친근성과 신뢰성 중 소비자 선호에 보다 중요한 것은 친근성이다. 위의 결과는 관련 기업과 기관의 마케팅 계획 시에 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

Character Collaboration distinguishes itself from competitive products by using highly recognized characters in product marketing. The characters become more famous, and the consumers get closer to the character. In recent years, domestic representative characters such as Kacao and Line products have continuously developed into preferred products regardless of sex, age, and they are being utilized in various products to increase added value. The purpose of this study was to examine a series of processes in which properties of a character are reflected in a collaboration product, which in turn leads to a preference for the product. We conducted a questionnaire survey on 390 subjects for about 2 weeks and analyzed the results through statistical analysis. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First attractive character is most effective in enhancing the familiarity of a character collaboration product. Second, a dynamic character is most useful for increasing the trust of character collaboration products. Third, familarity is more important than trust on consumer preferance. The above results may provide implications for the marketing planning of related companies and organizations.

복잡하고 어려운 사회문제를 해결하기 위해 협업행정이 강조되고 있다. 지방교육행정기관에서도 학교교육을 효율적으로 지원하기 위해 협업이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 위해 네트워크 분석을 활용하여 교육지원청을 대상으로 담당업무 간 협업관계 정도 및 유형을 탐색적 차원에서 분석하고자 하였다. 먼저 연결중심구조 분석결과에 의하면 총무, 초등, 경리 담당 업무에 대한 협업 중심구조가 강한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 담당업무별 협업관계 유형 분석 결과 가장 많은 유형은 협력형이었으며 소외형, 경쟁형, 요청형 등의 유형도 일부 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 향후 교육지원청의 담당업무 구조는 협력형을 지향하되, 교육지원청의 주요 목적인 단위학교 지원 기능을 중심으로 보다 적극적이고 창의적인 업무 재설계가 필요함을 제언하였다.

Collaborative administration is emphasized to solve complex and difficult social problems. Local educational administrative agencies also need to collaborate to effectively support school education. The purpose of this study is to analyze the degree and type of collaboration between the duties of the district office of education using network analysis. First, according to the results of the analysis of the degree centrality, the collaboration structure for general affairs, elementary and accounting work is strong. The most common types of collaborative relationship type were collaborative type, and there were some types such as alienated type, competitive type, and request type. Based on the results of this analysis, it is suggested that the task structure of the district office of education should be more collaborative, but more active and creative work redesign is needed, mainly focusing on the unit school support function.

최근 많은 IT 기업들이 클라우드 서비스 시장에 진입하면서 출시되는 클라우드 서비스의 숫자가 크게 늘어나고 있다. 이러한 이유로 발생하는 클라우드 서비스 선택의 문제들을 해결하고, 기술적인 역량이 부족한 클라우드 서비스 사용자들의 서비스 초기화와 운용을 돕기 위해서 클라우드 서비스 중개업 회사들이 크게 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 원 클라우드 서비스 제공자들과 클라우드 서비스 중개업 회사들 간의 협업을 대표적인 사례들인 국내의 NCloud24와 미국의 RightScale을 통해 보았다. 두 회사의 비즈니스 모델을 비즈니스 모델 캔버스를 사용하여 분석하였으며, 클라우드 서비스 중개업 회사들의 출현을 IaaS(Infrastructure-as-a-Service) 클라우드 서비스 회사들의 언번들링(Unbundling) 과정 으로 해석하였다. 그리고 두 사례간의 차이점을 비교하고, 이를 바탕으로 향후 국내 클라우드 서비스 중개업이 나아가야 할 방향에 대하여 조망하였다.

Recently, the number of available cloud services are increasing dramatically because many IT companies have entered into cloud service market. Due to the reason, cloud service brokers are emerging as agents to solve cloud service selection problems and to support cloud service initialization and maintenance of unskilled cloud service users. In this study, NCloud24 case in South Korea and Right Scale case in the USA are analyzed as representative examples of the collaboration between original cloud service providers and cloud service brokers. The business models of two companies are analyzed using Business Model Canvas. The emergence of cloud service brokers are interpreted as unbundling process of IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-service) cloud service companies. Based on the comparison with the two companies, we prospect future directions of cloud service brokerage.

본 연구는 많은 기업이 도입하고 있는 팀 조직의 형태에서 팀 협업을 활성화 시키는 요인에 대 해 파악하고자 하였다. 그리고 팀 협업으로 인한 팀 성과의 영향과 팀 구성원의 인지적 프로세스인 정보교류체제의 매개효과와 팀 구성원의 과업에 대한 성숙도의 조절효과를 파악하고자 하였다. 실증분석의 결과에서 요인분석에 사용할 변수의 케이스와 수가 적절한지를 파악하기 위한 구형 성검정에서 KMO의 측도는 0.977, Bartlett의 유의확률은 p=0.000으로 요인분석에 무리가 없었으며, 탐색적 요인분석 결과 각 요인별 적재량이 0.50이상(eigen value 1이상)으로 적절하여 척도의 구성 타당도는 높게 나타났다. 그리고 각 요인별 신뢰계수는 0.7이상으로 문항의 내적 일관성은 모두 유 의하였다. . 구성개념간의 상관관계 분석결과, 예측타당도와 판별타당도 모두 유의하였는데, 예측타당도의 경 우 상관계수의 부호와 계수 값이 모두 유의하여 모든 가설이 정의 관계를 가지고 있는 것으로 분석 되었으며 판별타당도는 AVE값과의 비교에 의해 유의한 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 가설검증을 위 한 경로분석결과, 구조방정식의 모델적합도를 평가하는 다양한 지수를 고려하여 유의한 모형적합도 를 가지며 정보교류체제의 부분매개를 포함한 모든 가설은 채택되었다. 검증결과, 정보교류체제의 부분매개효과가 존재하는데, 이는 팀 협업의 팀 성과에 대한 직접효과 뿐 아니라 정보교류체제를 통한 매개효과로서, 팀 구성원의 전문성과 상호간 신뢰성 및 과업조정을 통하여 팀 성과향상을 도모할 수 있는 결론에 도달하였다. 그리고 팀 구성원의 경력과 지식에 따른 직무수행 성숙도의 질적 영향에 따라 팀 성과가 영향을 받는 조절효과를 확인하였다.

The environment surrounding modern enterprise organizations requests tremendous changes of business management in terms of being proactive. Also, high competition, various demands of customers, fast market changes and innovative technologies request organizations to be changed for sustaining and growth of their business. To achieve these objectives, organizations have implemented several management and support systems and standards. In addition, most of enterprise organizations adapted team system from 19th Century and became a very complex matrix organization and it results unexpected collaboration issues. In team system, organizations need to recruit high capable human resources and retain them to be core asset of the company and team collaboration must be fundamental function for each team and members to achieve high performance. But paradoxically, collaborations are not always successful in most organizations due to many factors such as non-shared goal, unbalanced incentive system, personal characters, attitude or ideologies and intangible hurdles inside of organization. In this research, we tried to figure out main factors of team collaboration that enable people work together for high performance through series of in-depth interviews for key people of each team in 3 years period. And, also we tried to find out mediation effect of Transactive Memory Systems which is a part of cognitive process and the most recent topic of social science to team performance. Also, we tried to leverage maturity which consists of job and psychological maturity to be a high performance team. Analysis has been done by structural equation model using AMOS with 430 samples out of 600 for ICT companies. The KMO verification, Bartlett p value showed good model fitness. Exploratory and confirmative factor analysis also showed good validity and credibility. Correlation analysis resulted 3 factors: Team collaboration, TMS and Team performance. The verifiable results of path analysis showed all three hypothesizes have been passed and several indexes such as RMR, RMESEA, GFI, AGFI, NFI and CFI showed proper level. Demography analysis showed male, elder, longer working period in team and higher education level has high score than the others. Regarding mediation and moderate effects, direct and indirect effect have been analyzed and the result showed TMS has partial mediation effect to team performance and maturity has exact moderate effect between TMS and team performance so that all hypothesizes are passed. This research has many practical implications to modern enterprise organizations. With the quantitative analysis which has been done for team collaboration with the most common and high priority factors which have been founded through series of in-depth interviews showed that enterprise organizations can use this result for improving their collaboration levels and launch targeted programs for high performance. Also, detailed analysis and role of TMS can provide tools for high performance as well because TMS can increase the level of expertise, credibility to other team members and it also allocate necessary resources for specific task. It will result not only personal commitment but also team performance and it may be extended to human resource plan for structuring teams. Lastly, it will provide norm to current situation of team collaboration and will be help to find barriers of collaboration and solution to enhance team collaboration.

In supply chains, collaboration between buyer and supplier can improve firms' ability of supply chains to their objectives and competitive advantages. A key factor in collaboration in supply chain is to identify buyer relationships and supply relationships as antecedents of the factor collaboration. We analyzed data collected from buyers and suppliers sampled from a mobile networks industry in Korea and found that the level of collaboration comes from strong relationships between two parties and the collaboration enhances the supply chain performances. However, buyer relationships and supplier relationships have indirect impacts on trading partners' performance through collaboration whereas both have direct impacts on one's performance. Therefore to enhance supply chain performances, supplier's operational efficiency and buyer satisfaction, firms of buyers and suppliers should consider pursuing practical and substantial collaboration along with buyer-supplier relationships.

본 연구에서는 P시에서의 문화재보호구역 내 군시설 설치와 관련된 갈등을 해결하기 위한 협업 사례를 분석하여 협업의 실질적인 추진과정 및 성과를 분석하였다. 또한 이를 통해 협업에의 영향요인들을 도출하였다. 본 연구의 대상이 된 P시 문화재 보호구역내 협업사례는 협업의 우수사례로서, 해당 협업에의 참여자들을 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 진행하 였다. 이러한 심층인터뷰를 통해 P시 문화재보호구역 내 협업과제의 추진배경, 협업과정, 협업의 성과 및 성공요인들을 살펴보았다. P시 문화재보호구역 내 군시설 설치와 관련된 협업 성공요인은 다음과 같이 도출되었다. 첫째, 협업의 공감 대를 형성하는 것이 중요하며 이를 위해 지역사회발전이라는 공동의 목표의식을 갖는 것이 매우 중요하다. 둘째, 협업을 성공적으로 유도하기 위해 기관차원의 지원이 필수적이다. 기관장 뿐 아니라 중간관리자들이 협업에 대한 관심과 이에 대한 다양한 지원이 필요하다. 셋째, 협업 참여자간 공식적인 의사소통 및 비공식적인 의사소통이 매우 중요하다. 협업 을 위해서는 공식적인 의사소통 뿐 아니라 비공식적인 의사소통도 중요하다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과를 통해 향후 지역 사회에서의 협업을 유도하는데 일조할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

In this study, the practical implementation process and performance of cooperation were analyzed by analyzing the cases of collaboration to resolve conflicts related to the installation of military facilities in the cultural heritage protection zone in P city. In addition, through this, factors affecting collaboration were derived. The collaboration case within the cultural heritage protection area of P city, the subject of this study, is an excellent case of collaboration, and in-depth interviews were conducted with the participants in the collaboration. Through these in-depth interviews, the background, collaboration process, performance and success factors of the collaboration task within the P city cultural heritage protection area were examined. The success factors of cooperation related to the installation of military facilities in the cultural heritage protection zone of P city were derived as follows. First, it is important to form a consensus for collaboration, and for this, it is very important to have a common goal of community development. Second, support at the institutional level is essential to successfully induce collaboration. Not only the head of the institution, but also the middle managers need interest in collaboration and various support for it. Third, formal and informal communication between collaboration participants is very important. For collaboration, formal as well as informal communication are important. Through these results of this study, it is judged that it can contribute to inducing collaboration in the local community in the future.