Earticle

This study tried to find out if there is significant difference in the recognition of the attributes of evaluation and the influence of attributes of evaluation on intention of action depending on the venues of local festivals, and suggest considerations in selecting the venues of festivals. To this end, targeting Gwangju World Kimchi Festival, this study used the survey data collected from the festival held in Joong-oe Park in 2014 and the one held in Kimchi Town in 2015. The result of analysis showed that the attributes of evaluation were categorized into the contents of the event, announcement, amenities, and accessibility, which were scored higher in the festival held in Joong-oe Park in 2014 than in the one held in Kimchi Town in 2015. As for the influence of attributes of evaluation on the intention of action, the contents of the event and amenities for the group that visited Joong-oe Park in 2014, and the contents of the event and announcement for the group that visited Kimchi Town in 2015 had influential differences. Like this, the same festival had different contents and different recognition of visitors as they were held in different venues. Therefore, in the planning of a festival, the selection of venue in conjunction with various aspects of the festival will be more important than anything else.

This feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of Mentha arvensis (MA) and Geranium thunbergii (GT) in drinking water on physicochemical attributes, sensory qualities, proximate analysis and oxidative stability of broiler leg meat. One hundred and twenty broiler chicks were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were 1) control, 2) T1 (0.1% 1 MA:1 GT), 3) T2 (0.1% 1 MA:4 GT), 4) T3 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT). The water holding capacity and cooking loss were improved (p < 0.05) in T2 and T3. The flavor, texture and acceptability of leg meat by consumers were significantly increased in T2 relative to the control (p < 0.05). The crude protein content was increased in T3 while the crude fat decreased in T2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, broilers supplemented with plant extracts had the lowest leg meat TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values after 2 weeks of storage as compared with the control. Total phenolic contents and 1-1-diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity were also better in the T2 group (p < 0.05) compared with the control, whereas 2,2-Azinobis-3 ethytlbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) remained unaffected. Overall, these results demonstrate that broiler drinking water with the inclusion of plant extract combination can be used to enhance the oxidative stability, shelf life and quality characteristics of broiler leg meat without compromising the growth performance.

목적: 본 연구는 밀레니얼 세대에 의해 주관적으로 생성된 구매 후 만족/보통/불만족에 대한 속성 리뷰의 구전 정보를 크롤링하여 텍스트 마이닝 기법인 워드클라우드 분석과 의미연결망 분석으로 각 영역간의 유사점과 차이점을 분석하고 확인적 요인분석을 실 시하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구를 위해 R버전 4.1.2 프로그램을 빅데이터 수집 및 분석 도구로 사용하였으며, 수집된 데이터에 대한 전처리 및 불용어 처리 과정을 거쳐서 연구 목적에 맞는 텍스트 마이닝 분석을 수행하였다. 그리고 이 결과를 이용한 확인적 요인분 석은 LISREL 8.80 프로그램을 이용하여 수행하였다. 결과: 워드클라우드 분석 결과 '만족' 평가영역에서 피부가 1위, '보통' 평가영 역에서 제품이 1위, 평가영역에서 1위가 되는 것으로 나타났다. '불만족' 평가영역에서는 피부가 1위를 차지하였다. 그리고 확인적 요인분석에서는 만족/보통/불만족 3개의 잠재변수의 상관관계가 차별화가 되는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 소셜미디어에 존재하는 밀 레니얼 소비자의 개별정서 반응을 만족/보통/불만족 영역으로 분류하여 도출된 워드클라우드 분석과 의미연결망 분석으로 얻게 되 는 이들 영역간의 유사점과 차이점의 결과는 매우 의미 있는 결과를 얻었다고 볼 수 있다. 그리고 텍스트 마이닝에서 도출된 확인적 요인분석의 관측변수는 인과분석에서 수행하는 설문지의 측정 항목으로 도입될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the similarities and differences between each area using wordcloud analysis and semantic network analysis, which are text mining techniques. Further, confirmatory factor analysis will be conducted by crawling for word-of-mouth information on attribute reviews as satisfied, normal, or dissatisfied after purchases that are subjectively given by millennial generations. Methods: The R program version 4.1.2 was used as a big data collection and analysis tool, and text mining analysis was performed through preprocessing and stopword processing on the collected data. Further, using LISREL 8.80 we conducted confirmatory factor analysis on these results. Results: Wordcloud analysis revealed that the terms “skin,” “products,” and “skin” ranked first in the evaluation area of “satisfied,” “normal,” and “dissatisfied,” respectively. Additionally, using confirmatory factor analysis, the correlation between the three latent variables of satisfaction, normal, and dissatisfaction was differentiated. Conclusion: The similarities and differences between the domains obtained through wordcloud and semantic network analyses and derived by classifying individual emotional responses of millennial consumers in social media into satisfied, normal, and dissatisfied domains are considered very meaningful. The keywords derived with high centrality in the semantic network for each domain is then refined and introduced as an observation variable for confirmatory factor analysis in accordance with the purpose of the study; this is helpful in research development for causal analysis in the future.

目的: 本研究抓取千禧一代主观产生的购买后满意/正常/不满意的属性评论口碑信息，通过词云分析和语义网络 分析等文本挖掘技术分析各领域的异同，我们打算进行验证性因素分析。方法: 本研究使用R version 4.1.2程 序作为大数据收集分析工具，通过对收集到的数据进行预处理和停用词处理，进行适合研究目的的文本挖掘分 析。并且使用该结果使用LISREL 8.80程序进行验证性因素分析。结果: 词云分析结果发现，皮肤在“满意”评价 区排名第一，产品在“正常”评价区排名第一，在评价区排名第一。在“不满意”评价区，皮肤排在第一位。并且 在验证性因素分析中，发现满意/正常/不满意三个潜变量的相关性是有区别的。结论: 通过将千禧一代消费者在 社交媒体中的个体情绪反应分类为满意/正常/不满意区域得到的词云分析和语义网络分析得到的这些区域的异同 结果得到了非常有意义的结果。可以看到。此外，期望引入文本挖掘验证性因素分析的观测变量作为因果分析 问卷的测量项。

The growth of the OTT industry increased the competition among OTT services, enhancing user experience by incorporating various service features. This study employed the Kano model and the Service Diversity index to evaluate and classify attributes of OTT services. This study aims to examine the quality of the OTT service attributes and investigate which OTT service attribute leads to user satisfaction. A Kano questionnaire survey was conducted based on a sample of 427 participants in South Korea. The results reveal that the embedded e-commerce attribute is perceived as the most attractive quality attribute that increases user satisfaction. The study provides theoretical and practical implications for academia, OTT service providers, and relevant businesses.

Festivals are an indispensable feature of cultural tourism. Cultural Tourism Festivals are increasingly being used as instruments promoting tourism and boosting the regional economy. So much research related to festivals is undertaken from a variety of perspectives. The purpose of this study is to clarify the cause and effects of evaluation attribute, visitor’s satisfaction and behavioral intentions focused on Martial Arts Festival in Chungju(Cultural Tourism Festivals). To achieve the study objective, 366 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed, using frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis and path analysis. The results show that the evaluation attribute of Cultural tourism festivals exerts a positive influence on visitor’s satisfaction and behavioral intention. Second, visitor’s satisfaction had positive effects on behavioral intention. The regional festival can vary depending on the visit is satisfied. Consequently, it was revealed how evaluation attribute is in the visitor’s satisfaction and behavioral intention in Cultural Tourism Festivals.

본 연구에서는 대응표본 t-test와 전통적인 IPA 분석을 활용하여 와인전문점 선택속성에 대한 중요도와 만족도에 대한 소비자 인식에 대한 차이를 알아보고자 수행되었다. 와인전문점 선택속성에 대한 연구를 통해 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 와인전문점이 질적 성장을 위한 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 선행연구 고찰을 통해 와인전문점 선택속성, 와인소비행동 등에 대한 항목을 추출하였다. 본 연구의 분석을 위해 최근 6개월 이내에 와인을 구매한 경험이 있는 소비자를 대상으로 온라인 설문을 실시하여 총 229명이 응답하였다. 응답자의 와인구매행동을 파악하기 위해 빈도분석을 실시한 결과, 주로 와인전문점에서 와인을 구매하여, 가족과 함께 집에서 음용하는 것으로 나타났다. 와인전문점 선택속성에 대한 중요도와 만족도에 대한 인식의 차이를 알아보고자 대응표본 t-test를 실시한 결과, 중요도와 만족도 모두 직원의 전문성, 직원의 친절 및 태도, 와인 진열상태 항목이 높게 나타났다. 이는 소비자들이 와인전문점을 선택할 때 직원의 전문성과 직원의 태도가 매우 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석되었다. 전통적인 IPA 분석 결과, 직원의 전문성, 직원의 친절 및 태도, 와인의 종류, 와인 진열상태, 접근 용이성이 중요도와 만족도 모두 평균 이상인 영역에 위치한 것으로 나타났다. 내부 분위기와 내부 인테리어는 중요도에 비해 기대에 넘치는 만족도를 보여주는 항목으로 더 이상 투자 불필요한 영역에 나타났다. 따라서 외형적인 시설에 투자하기 보다는 와인전문점이라는 특성에 맞게 판매하는 와인 종류에 대한 전문성을 키우고, 와인에 대한 전문성을 갖추고 있는 직원을 육성하기 위한 투자가 장기적인 마케팅 전략에 가장 필요한 부분임을 시사하였다.

This study used paired-sample t-test and traditional IPA analysis to study differences in consumer perceptions of importance and satisfaction with wine restaurant selection attributes. Through previous research, we extracted items on wine specialty store selection attributes, wine consumption behavior, etc. For the analysis of this study, an online survey was conducted targeting consumers who had purchased wine within the past six months, and a total of 229 people responded. A paired-samples t-test was conducted to determine the difference between the perception of importance and satisfaction with wine restaurant selection attributes. As a result, there was a statistically significant difference in the importance and satisfaction of the items 'expertise of staff', 'friendliness and attitude of staff', and 'state of wine display'. This was interpreted as having a very important influence on the professionalism and attitude of employees when consumers choose a wine restaurant. As a result of traditional IPA analysis, it was found that “staff expertise”, “staff friendliness and attitude”, “type of wine”, “wine display status”, and “ease of access” were all located in areas where importance and satisfaction were above average. Therefore, rather than investing in external facilities, the most necessary long-term marketing strategy is to develop expertise in the types of wine sold in line with the characteristics of a wine specialty store and to foster employees with expertise in wine.

This study aims to conduct comparative evaluation of the Importance and Performance Analysis(IPA) for spa destination attributes. The results are as follows: First, according to the results of factor analysis of selection attributes of spa destination, five factors were drawn: condition, facilities, cost of spa destination, service & shopping, and water of hot spring. Second, according to the results of the IPA, eight attributes were placed in the Area I, one attribute in the Area II, three attributes in the Area III, and the other fifteen attributes in the Area IV. Third, five factors were placed in the Area I - condition of spa destination and water of hot spring and Area IV - facilities, cost of spa destination, and service & shopping. Finally, according to the difference analysis of spa destination attributes, there was a minimal gap between importance and performance in terms of popularity, accessibility, and water of hot spring, while the other selection attributes showed significant difference in the following order: amusement facilities for children, availability of parking spaces, quality of service, development of tourism area, and a variety of auxiliary facilities.

Service industries continue to grow in importance to the economy while at the same time service quality is generally perceived to be declining. For the customer, the observable symptom is decreasing quality in what has been termed the service encounter or the moment of interaction between the customer and the firm. This study concerns interrelationships among evaluation of customers, emotional response, attitude in airline service encounter. In this study, airline service in airline service encounters has been classified into human service, physical service and systematic service. As the result, it was found that airline services are influnce on customer's emotional response and attitude in alrline service encounters. Also, the emotional response is major determinant to influence on attitude. Therefore, it is required to take efforts to rise positive response and attitude. The significance of this investigation may be attached to the fact that preceding researches have been further expanded, with practical analyses throughly conducted.

[목적] 본 연구는 Kano 모델과 Timko의 고객만족계수를 이용하여 프로축구 경기장의 서비스 품질속성을 분류하고 만족, 불만족 수준을 파악하여 관람객들이 만족하기 위한 효율적인 마케팅 전략을 제시하고자 한다. [방법] 2023년 5월 9일 ~ 14일까지 3곳(서울, 수원, 인천)의 축구장을 방문한 관람객을 대상으로 총 286부를 최종분석 자료로 사용 하였으며, SPSS 23.0, AMOS 20.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 확인적 요인분석, Kano 모델 분석 및 Timko의 고객만족계수를 산출하였다. [결과] 분석결과, 17개 품질요소 중 당연적 품질요소로 1개의 품질요소가, 16개의 품질 요소는 일원적 품질요소로 분류되었으며, 고객만족계수에서 주변환경과의 조화가 가장 만족하는 요소로 나타났으며, 위급상황 시 안전대책이 불만족지수가 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 인위적인 통제가 가능한 경기장의 관리는 관중을 유인할 수 있는 중요한 수단이다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 기반으로 한 마케팅 전략을 수립한다면 관람객의 만 족 수준을 높이는데 기여하고 나아가 축구산업 발전에 이바지할 수 있을 것이다.

[Purpose] This study aims to classify and comprehend the service quality attributes of a professional soccer stadium using the Kano model and Timko's customer satisfaction coefficient. It intends to identify levels of perceived satisfaction and dissatisfaction, with the goal of proposing efficient marketing strategies to ensure spectator satisfaction [Method] From May 9th to May 14th, 2023, a total of 286 questionnaires collected from professional soccer spectators who visited three soccer stadiums(Seoul, Suwon, Incheon) were used as the final analysis data. The analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0, AMOS 20.0, including frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Kano model analysis, and the calculation of Timko's customer satisfaction coefficient. [Result] Results indicated that among the 17 quality factors, one was classified as a ‘must-be' quality factor, while 16 were categorized as ‘one-dimensional' quality factors. In terms of the customer satisfaction coefficient, harmony with the surroundings emerged as the most satisfying element, while safety measures during emergencies had the lowest dissatisfaction index [Conclusion] The management of stadiums that can be artificially controlled is an important means to attract spectators. Therefore, if marketing strategies are formulated based on the results of this study, it is believed that they can contribute to increasing the satisfaction level of spectators and, furthermore, to the advancement of the soccer industry

현대에 들어와서 구두는 의상과 조화되는 패션의 도구로만 다양하게 확장되고 있다. 구두가 착용자의 발 에 잘 맞지 않으면 통증과 피로가 오며, 이러한 피로가 반복되면 발의 변형을 가져오게 된다. 따라서 본 연구 에서는 경북지역 20대 대학생 200명을 대상으로 구두 구매 행동, 구두 착용 실태를 조사하고 착용 구두에 관련된 불편 부위를 파악하여 구두 선택 요인의 추구 특성에 따른 집단 간 구두 선택 요인의 차이 분석을 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구의 요약과 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조사 대상자의 구두 구매 행동 특성을 알아본 결과, 1년에 구두를 구매하는 횟수로는 1~2회, 구매 장소는 인터넷 쇼핑몰을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 신뢰하는 정보원은 대부분 주위 사람들의 조언으로 나타났으며 구두 구입 동기는 사고 싶은 구두의 발견과 새 옷과의 매치를 위해 구입하는 것을 알 수 있었고 보유하고 있는 구두의 켤레 수는 1~3켤레와 선호하는 가격대는 2만 원~10만 원 미만을 가장 선호하는 편이었다. 둘째, 조사 대상자의 구두 착용 실태를 분석한 결과, 하루에 구두를 착용하는 시간은 대체로 3~6시간이 가장 많았고, 구두를 착용 후 발의 여러 부위에서 통증을 느끼는 것으로 파악된다. 셋째, 조사 대상자의 착용 구두에 관련된 만족도를 알아본 결과 불만족의 경우 불편감 호소 부위는 주로 새끼발가락 부위와 엄지발가락 부위, 앞볼 안쪽 부위, 발바닥 쪽 발꿈치 부위 와 앞쪽 부위, 기타 부위로는 발뒤꿈치와 발등에 아픔을 호소하였다. 넷째, 구두 구매 시 선택 기준에 따라 요인 분석한 결과, 착용감, 가격, 내구성, 디자인으로 총 4개의 요인이 추출되었고 구두 구매 시 선택 기준의 요인에 따른 응답자를 세분화하기 위하여 군집 분석한 결과 3개의 집단으로 분류가 되었다. 각 집단의 구두 선택속성의 특성을 살펴보면 ‘착용감 중시집단’은 상대적으로 디자인보다 착용감과 내구성에 민감하고 ‘디 자인 중시집단’은 디자인과 유행을 더 중요시하는 집단으로 ‘무관심 중시집단’은 어떠한 선택 기준도 특별히 중요하게 여기지 않고, 모든 요인을 복합적으로 고려하는 특성을 보이고 있기에 상대적으로 다른 집단에 비 해 모두 낮게 나타난 것으로 본다.

In modern times, shoes have become a fashion tool that people seek to harmonize with their clothing. However, shoes that do not fit wearer's feet cause pain and fatigue, and perpetual fatigue can lead to foot deformation. Therefore, this study set out to identify the factors that contribute to discomfort when wearing shoes using the oral responses of 20 college students from the Gyeongbuk area regarding shoe attribute evaluation factors and wearing satisfaction. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the examination of the survey respondents' shoe purchasing behaviors indicated that they purchased shoes one or two times a year, and generally preferred to buy shoes on the Internet. Their most trusted sources of information for shoe-related advice were the people around them, and they were motivated to find the shoes they wanted and ones that matched new clothes. Second, the analysis of shoe wearing behaviors of the survey respondents showed that, they spent between three and six hours per day wearing shoes and experienced various side effects. Third, regarding the areas of discomfort related to wearing shoes, the respondents reported pain in the areas of the toes, the big toe, the inner part of the feet, and the sole. Fourth, the analysis of the selection criteria respondents used when purchasing shoes identified four common selection criteria: wearing sensation, price, durability, and design; it also showed, significant group-based variation among the respondents when it came to the application of these selection criteria.

이 연구는 한국 기자들이 성별, 나이, 근무연한, 매체유형, 부서, 그리고 직급 등 인구사 회학적 요인과 직무 특성에 따라 주 52시간 근무제 이행 정도와 제도 도입 이후 느끼는 직무 만족도에 대해 어떻게 평가하는지 온라인 서베이를 통해 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 한국 기자들은 주 52시간 근무제 이행 정도에 대해 부정적 의견이 많았으나 이 제도 도입 이후 직무 만족도는 상대적으로 높은 것으로 인식했다. 근로시간 단축제도 이행 정도에 대한 평가는 나이, 경력기간, 소속 부서, 그리고 직급에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 즉, 나이가 많을수록, 경력기간이 길수록, 유연근무가 비교적 용이한 부서(예: 편집부, 스포츠부, 그리고 국제부)일수록, 그리고 직급이 높은 시니어 기자일수록 상대적으로 긍정적 평가가 많았다. 취재 특성상 근무 일정이 불규칙한 부서(예: 사회부, 정치부)의 경우는 부정적인 평가가 많았다. 이에 반해 직무 만족도에 대한 평가에서는 기자들의 개별적 직무 조건에 따라 큰 차이가 없었다. 다만 부서에 따라 직무 만족도가 달랐다. 스포츠부나 편집부 기자들은 직무 만족도가 높았지만, 문화부나 국제부 기자들은 반대로 낮았다. 주 52시간 단축제에 대한 이행 정도와 직무 만족도는 기자가 속한 부서 요인에서만 공통적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 스포츠부와 편집부 기자들은 제도 이행 정도와 직무 만족도 모두에서 타 부서에 비해 더 긍정적인 반응을 보였지만, 문화부와 국제부 기자들은 타 부서와 비교해 제도 이행 정도 평가보다 직무 만족도 평가에서 더 부정적이었다. 주 52시간 근무제 도입이 한국 저널리즘 지형에 미치는 함의점을 기자 집단의 인식을 중심으로 토론했다.

This study examined how Korean journalists evaluate working hours reduction and job satisfaction after the introduction of the 52-hour workweek system according to demographic factors and job characteristics such as gender, age, job career, media type, department, and position. We conducted an online survey. Findings showed Korean journalists were dissatisfied with the implementation of the 52-hour workweek, but job satisfaction following the introduction of this system was relatively high. However, these results differed according to the personal conditions and work environment of the individual reporters. The evaluation of the implementation of the working hour reduction system was different according to age, career period, department, and position. In other words, the older the age, the longer the career period, and the more easily flexible working departments (eg, editorial department, sports department, and international department) had relatively more positive evaluations. On the other hand, departments with irregular work schedules (eg, social and political departments) received negative evaluations due to the nature of the coverage. And in terms of position, the more senior-level reporters, the more positive evaluations they had. There was no significant difference in the evaluation of job satisfaction according to the individual job conditions of reporters, unlike the evaluation of system implementation. However, job satisfaction varied by department. The sports department and editorial department had high job satisfaction, but the culture department and international department had low job satisfaction. The fulfillment of the 52-hour reduction system and job satisfaction showed significant differences in the factor of the department to which the reporter belongs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Duksan spa destination Attributes by the Importance and Performance Analysis. These analyses were based on the Visitors’ Survey conducted in Duksan Spa in Duksan, Chung Cheong Province. The results are as follows: First, according to the results of the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) of the twenty-seven selection attributes of the spa destinations, eight attributes were placed in the area I(Keep Up the Good Work), six attributes in the area II(Possible Overkill), six attributes in the area III(Concentrate Here), and the other seven attributes in the area IV(Low Priority). Second, according to the results of the Importance and Performance Analysis of six factors drawn on the base of factor analyses, "water quality of the spa and surrounding areas" was placed in the area I, "accessibility and cost of spa" in the area II, "spa space facility and tourism space" in the area III, and "shopping opportunities and hospitality" in the area IV. In conclusion, according to the difference analyses of Importance-Performance, the choice attributes with relatively high satisfaction were "the convenience of accessible transportations," "fee for hot spa," and "transportation fare." However, the choice attributes with relatively high dissatisfaction were "crowdedness of tourism area," "leasure - sports facilities," and "tourism area development."

This study aims to examine how the importance and satisfaction of educational tourism selection attributes which high school students regard importantly differ by sex using IPA. According to the analysis result, as the educational tourism selection attributes, this study has drawn five factors: accommodations, programs, operational methods, novelty, and educational effects. Both male and female students generally recognize that regarding the educational tourism, novelty and accommodations are the crucial selection attributes. About the satisfaction with this, it was high in novelty in general whereas it was low in accommodations. According to this result, it can be said that novelty is the selection attribute to be maintained continually, and accommodations are the selection attribute that requires the effort of concentration. What should be noticed here in this paper is that students d not recognize educational effects very importantly. To improve this, schools should make special efforts for the educational tourism product composition.

소프트웨어 개발과정에서 소프트웨어 신뢰도 평가는 매우 중요한 문제이다. 특히, 소프트웨어 개 발자에게 높은 신뢰도을 만족시키는 최적의 개발모형을 찾아내는 일은 더욱 중요한 과제이다. 이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 파레토 및 어랑 수명분포을 유한고장 NHPP 모형에 적용하여, 신뢰도 속성을 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 모수추정은 최우추정법을 적용하였고, 비선형 방정식의 풀이는 이분법을 사용하였다. 그 결 과, 강도함수와 평균값함수에서 Erlang 모형이 Pareto 모형보다 우수한 성능을 보였고, 평균제곱오차도 작아서 효율적인 모형임을 확인하였다. 또한, 미래의 임무시간을 투입하고 신뢰도를 평가한 결과, Erlang 모형이 Pareto모형과 함께 효율적으로 높게 나타났으나, 반면에 Goel-Okumoto 기본모형은 감소하는 추 세를 보였다. 결론적으로, Erlang 모형이 제안된 모형중 가장 우수한 성능을 가진 모형임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 소프트웨어 개발자들이 최적의 소프트웨어 신뢰성 모형을 탐색하고, 평가하는데 필요한 기본지침으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

In the software development process, software reliability evaluation is a very important issue. In particular, finding the optimal development model that satisfies high reliability is the more important task for software developers. For this, in this study, Pareto and Erlang life distributions were applied to the finite failure NHPP model to evaluate the reliability attributes. For this purpose, parametric estimation is applied to the maximum likelihood estimation method, and nonlinear equations are calculated using the bisection method. As a result, the Erlang model showed better performance than the Pareto model in the evaluation of the strength function and the mean value function. Also, as a result of inputting future mission time and evaluating reliability, the Erlang model showed an effectively high trend together with the Pareto model, while the Goel-Okumoto basic model showed a decreasing trend. In conclusion, the Erlang model is the best model among the proposed models. Through this study, it is expected that software developers will be able to use it as a basic guideline for exploring and evaluating the optimal software reliability model.

The study purported to explore the spectating attribute priority of professional sports and provide professional sports organizations with fundamental managerial implications on it. In order to achieve the research purpose, a total of 24 subjects including 8 professional sports experts, 8 sports marketers, and 8 sport management professors was selected and participated in the study through a purposeful sampling method from October to December, 2014. A Depphi method was used to explore the priority evaluation on the spectating attributes of professional sports. All data was encoded for the statistical analyses including a frequency analysis using SPSS/PC 18.Ver. and a hierarchy structure analysis utilizing EC-2000. Results are as followed. Frist, there were four spectating factors, such as spectating situation, spectating benefit, spectating support, and spectating event. Second, the spectating attributes were prioritized as spectating situation, event, spectating benefit, and spectating support. Lastly, the priority evaluation on the total items showed supporting culture, TV exposure magnitude, and game itself in an orderly manner.

For several decades, attribute classification methods using the asymmetrical relationship between an attribute performance and the satisfaction of that attribute have been explored by numerous researchers. In particular, the Kano model, which classifies quality attributes into 5 elements using simple questionnaire and two-dimensional evaluation table, has gained popularity: Attractive, One-dimensional, Must-be, Indifferent, and Reverse quality. As Kano's model is well accepted, many literatures have introduced categorization methods using the Kano's evaluation table at attribute level. However, they applied different terminologies and classification criteria and this causes confusion and misunderstanding. Therefore, a criterion for quality classification at attribute level is necessary. This study is aimed to suggest a new attribute classification method that sub-categorizes quality attributes using 5-point ordinal point and Kano's two-dimensional evaluation table through an extensive literature review. For this, the current study examines the intrinsic and extrinsic problems of the well-recognized Kano model that have been used for measuring customer satisfaction of products and services. For empirical study, the author conducted a comparative study between the results of Kano's model and the proposed method for an e-learning case (33 attributes). Results show that the proposed method is better in terms of ease of use and understanding of kano's results and this result will contribute to the further development of the attractive quality theory that enables to understand both the customers explicit and implicit needs.

본 연구는 SNS 패션 인플루언서의 평가 요인(전문성, 진정성)과 패션 정보의 속성(유용성, 신뢰성)이 소비자의 몰입(Flow)을 매개로 팬쉽 (Fanship)과 구매의도로 이어지는 구조적 관계를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 최근 6개월 이내에 패션 정보를 탐색하거나 인플루언서 가 추천한 제품을 구매한 경험이 있는 MZ세대(20세~39세)를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 총 203개의 유효 표본을 바탕으로 구조방정 식 모형(SEM)을 활용한 실증 분석을 진행하였다. 분석 결과, 인플루언서의 평가 요인과 패션 정보의 속성은 소비자의 몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 진정성과 유용성이 몰입을 유도하는 가장 강력한 요인으로 확인되었다. 또한, 몰입은 팬쉽과 구매의도를 연결하는 핵심 매개 변수로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 인플루언서의 진정성이 높고 제공하는 정보가 유용할수록 소비자는 해당 콘텐츠에 깊이 몰입하게 되며, 이는 팬쉽 형성과 구매의도로 이어지는 중요한 경로로 작용하였다. 몰입이 증가할수록 팬쉽이 강화되고, 팬쉽이 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만, 몰입이 구매의도에 미치는 직접적인 영향이 팬쉽보다 강하게 나타났다. 이는 소비자가 인플루언서 콘텐츠에 몰입하는 경험이 강화 될 때 직접적인 구매 행동으로 전환될 가능성이 더욱 높아진다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 연구 결과는 SNS 환경에서 소비자 몰입이 팬쉽과 구매의도를 연결하는 핵심적인 역할을 수행하며, 인플루언서 평가 및 패션 정보 속성과의 관계에서 중요한 매개 변수임을 실증적으로 확인했다는 점에서 의미가 크다. 실무적으로는 인플루언서와 브랜드가 단순한 제품 홍 보가 아니라, 소비자의 몰입을 극대화할 수 있는 진정성 있는 커뮤니케이션과 유용한 정보 제공 전략을 강화해야 한다. 또한, 팬쉽을 단순한 정 서적 애착으로 유지하는 것이 아니라, 이를 구매 행동으로 연결할 수 있도록 맞춤형 콘텐츠, 팬 전용 혜택, 인터랙티브 마케팅 전략을 강화하는 것이 필요하다.

This study empirically analyzes the structural relationship in which the evaluation factors of SNS fashion influencers (expertise, authenticity) and the attributes of fashion information (usefulness, trustworthiness) influence consumer fanship and purchase intention through the mediating role of flow. To achieve this, a survey was conducted on MZ consumers (ages 20–39) who had explored fashion information or purchased products recommended by influencers within the past six months. A total of 203 valid responses were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The analysis results indicate that influencer evaluation factors and fashion information attributes have a significant impact on consumer flow, with authenticity and usefulness emerging as the most influential factors. Furthermore, flow was found to serve as a crucial mediating variable linking fanship and purchase intention. Specifically, when influencers exhibit greater authenticity and provide more useful information, consumers are more likely to become deeply immersed in the content, which in turn strengthens fanship and increases purchase intention. While fanship positively affects purchase intention, flow exerts a stronger direct influence on purchase behavior than fanship. This suggests that when consumers experience heightened flow with influencer content, they are more likely to transition into actual purchasing behavior. These findings demonstrate the essential role of flow in connecting fanship and purchase intention in the SNS environment, empirically confirming its significance as a mediating variable in the relationship between influencer evaluation, fashion information attributes, and consumer behavior. From a practical perspective, influencers and brands should go beyond simple product promotion and focus on communication strategies that enhance consumer engagement through authenticity and valuable information. Additionally, transforming fanship into purchase behavior requires strategies such as exclusive content, member benefits, and interactive marketing to strengthen consumer participation and drive conversion.