Earticle

The purpose of this study is to understand the adnominal expressions that appear in the modern Korean text, ‘Ineodaebang’, published in 1882. This research will make possible the contrastive study between Korean and Japanese. The adnominal forms found in ‘Ineodaebang,’ and also in general, apply an attributive ending to the stem of predicates and form a noun phrase or nominal clause by modifying the substantive word that follows. Ultimately, attributive forms bring about an expansion of a sentence by connecting the predicate and substantive word, establish tense, and moreover, take the role of making sentences more natural in colloquial speech. The adnominal forms of verbs found in ‘Ineodaebang’ exhibit various features such as present tense, past tense, future tense, ‘remote’ past tense, and so on, but only a limited number of adnominality was seen in the case of adjectives, copula, and existential word. On the other hand, it was possible to confirm various forms of ‘1, 2, 4 syllables + 다/허다 + adnominal ending + substantive word’ in the adnominal forms of adjectives. (Kansai University)

'The digital village document' is the digital contents which help to introduce the village's unique spirit and charm to the public. It has helped popularize 'the village document' in cultures, improving the regional identity and sharing values of the village community at the cyber space, furthermore, reproducing the shared values in this society. As a case study, 'Gumdan' was originally a part of Kimpo, where is located in Gyungki province. We collected data, organized information, planed and developed each step of processing, and carried out it. There are three stages that occur in the creation process of 'the digital village document'. We interviewed the villagers in depth at each every stages, analyzed their experiences and opinions, and identified something lost or added in the process of producing ‘the digital village document'. The whole process of creating a 'the digital village document' can be explained by the production model of 'the digital village document' which is composed of three different layers; cultural, technological and political one. (Inha University)

Recently language educators are interested in teaching culture in their classrooms, which means that there is a general consensus among them about the need for language learners' cultural awareness of the community where the target language is used. However, there does not seem to be an agreed-upon concept of culture. This is largely because of the difficulty to define the concept of culture. In this paper, I propose that the ideational dimension of culture should be taught in language classrooms since it is closely related to the concept of communicative competence. Another problem is that there are few researches on the culture teaching methods. I propose that language educators should teach the aspects of culture which are closely related to language use. To do so, it is very useful to borrow some methodological devices developed in anthropology, sociology, and/or sociolinguistics. Tentatively, I recommend those methods like ethnoscience, the ethnography of communication, conversation analysis, the analysis of tropes, the analysis of silence, kinesics, proxemics, occulesics, and haptics. (Seoul National University)

The purpose of this study was to analyze and examine the interlanguage tendency aspects of ‘i/ga’, ‘un/nun’ through the writing of beginner Chinese learners of Korean. Interlanguage is a term that refers to the integrated system of knowledgs about the target language that the language learners are constructing in their minds. It differed from the general concept of competence, however, in the fact that the term, interlanguage, implies that the internal language system is still unfinished. In this study, two types of interlanguage were examined ; syntaxs tendency, semantics tendency. This study aims at revealing a Interlanguage Grammar through tendency of Korean learners′s interlanguage. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

The aim of this paper is to analyze the phonological phenomenon of the Korean vowel harmony related to the representation of empty nucleus in verbal suffixations. The theoretical grounds for the vowel harmony will be presented in terms of the element-based vowel representations and the spreading of the element. The feature of the spreading vowel harmony is element A. When verbal stems end in a consonant which, in turn, is followed by an empty nucleus, the feature of the vowel harmony spreads to vowel suffix across the empty nucleus. When verbal stems have domain internal empty nucleus, if inter-onset government is satisfied, the feature of the vowel harmony spreads to vowel suffix across the internal empty nucleus. However, if inter-onset government fails, internal empty nucleus are realized as [ɨ] and it blocks spreading of the feature of the vowel harmony to vowel suffix.(Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

The present study was aimed to explore the effects of reading anxiety on reading strategy use among KFL learners. The relationship between reading anxiety and reading strategy use in the current study was significant. The overall strategy scores had a significantly negative correlation with the total FLRAS scores. Moreover, significant negative correlations were also found between the total FLRAS scores and three of the six sub categories. The participants with lower levels of reading anxiety tended to report higher frequency of top down and metacognitive strategies, while the participants with higher levels of reading anxiety were likely to use social strategies when reading Korean. The study also attempted to examine differences in the use of reading strategies between the HAR(High-Anxiety Readers) and the LAR(Low-Anxiety Readers). The results indicate that the LAR employed more strategies than the HAR. In particular, the LAR concentrated on dealing with using background knowledge and context. In addition the LAR use making comments and evaluation on the task or setting reading purposes strategies more frequently. On the contrary the HAR focused on using reference materials and asking questions to someone. (Yeungnam University)

This study aims at building a general curriculum that can be utilized as a reference to the introduction of Korean language education in elementary and secondary schools overseas. In order to understand the current situation of the schools, a case study in Japan and surveys among other regions have been conducted. The results are as follows : First, the introduction point of Korean language education varies in the different educational systems of each country. Second, it is expected that most Korean language learners remain at the beginning level due to limited practical studying of one to two hours per week. Therefore, with regard to the establishment in standards of the ranks, it is required to consider ranks not by educational stages, but by grades. By examining the rating systems in Korea, European nations, and North America, the conclusion reached is that the application of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages(CEFR) seems to be most applicable to the current Korean education system in overseas schools. The criteria of CEFR such as 'poly-valence' and 'flexibility', consideration on curriculum planning, applications in diverse regions and comparative advantages in terms of the North American ratings system sustains the validity of the CEFR system in Korean education. However, the ranks in the beginning level are subdivided through distributive approach in anticipation of having a number of beginners. As a result, this study designs an education system of nine stages which subdivides the level of beginner, intermediate and advanced in 4-3-2 stages respectively. On the issue of setting the descriptive categories, by comprehensively examining the domestic and overseas Korean language education curriculum, foreign language education curriculum in elementary and secondary schools in Korea and the horizontal axis of CEFR, three large categories of language, knowledge of language and culture are established. Contained within are a total of 9 descriptive categories with subcategories of 4-3-2 respectively.(Keimyung University)

This paper aims to suggest more effective methods of improving the demand and supply of teachers of Korean language in China through better training system of Korean teacher in terms of quality and the needs of learners. It is important that the teachers are not only expert teachers but versatile enough to work well in a foreign educational system. Mass production of Korean language teachers according to the needs is an inevitable thing, but oversupplying of the less well organized education institute might be an obstacle of teacher's training, weakening teacher's position. Thus, we need versatile methods to improve teacher's quality. Qualified teacher at formal institute or informal institute will improve its qualification in teacher's demand and supply. For this, the establishment of cyber university for a degree of Korean language education and a course of Korean language teacher's training give us a good method for it, providing learners with convenience. To establish the system to take the qualification test, making the curriculum of Korean language education at the universities in China through mutual cooperation between the universities of both countries can bring not only the efficiency of demand and supply of Korean language teachers but also the improvement of qualified number. It is also important for Korean teachers to make a rule of treatment such as payment, and the activation of integrated infra for Korean teacher's demand and supply will avoid its failure. (Luoyang University of Foreign Languages · Pusan National University)

The numbers of foreign students who want to study Korean Language for the purpose of undergraduate and graduate study at the Korean University are continuously increasing. The Korean language education has been done for a general purpose of communication, and for those who study it for an academic purpose, it has to be done in a different way as a pre-stage of the college education. Korean writing education are to improve wrting ability for the purpose of academic study, a study on writing strategic through structure analysis of the text. The theory of text structure and text patterns of wrtiing for academic purpose, the Korean writing education and relation between structure analysis of the expository text and wrting ability are studied. The structure marks are studied as a microscopic structure analysis. And structure of graphics are studied as a macroscopic structure analysis. The improvement of writing ability for academic purpose, wrting strategy through structure analysis of the expository text is to be improved the writing ability for report and exam.. To achieve this, the uses of structure analysis of the expository text and the strategy for learning the wrting ability are studied though the process-based of writing. (Yonsei University)

This study aims to take an overview of patterns and changes found in research done on the Korean Culture Education over the past 20 years since 1980's. This study analyzed 446 journal articles as well as academic dissertations related to Korean culture education. They were classified based on three variables: chronology, published type and research's topic. There was a total of five academic categories for topics: 'General Theory on Cultural Education', 'Teaching Method and Contents', 'Teaching Material', 'Assessment' and 'Teaching Korean Culture Instructors'. Based on the results, I suggest some new directions for the future research in Korean culture Education. It shuould be more varies and balanced in the research topics. The study should reflect a variety factors of learner. Lastly, more attention should be paid to the learners in the overseas. (Dalian Nationalities University)

According to Bae(2009), the Korean dictionary for foreigners has a long history of 900 years or so, if ‘鷄林類事’(1104) is considered the first of them, however, according to ‘Korean learner's dictionary for Foreigner’ (2006), it has just few years history. As shown, the history of modern Korean learner's dictionary(hereafter KLD) is indeed short. The trend of the flow of globalize society and internationalize Hangul emphasizes the need of KLD for each language. The KLD using L1 has been learner’s selection in the past learning process and is still requested by many students. However, due to the nature of making dictionary, it is difficult to satisfy the needs of the learners in short time by making a dictionary. It is very important to develop KLD for bilingual. Especially, as the number of Chinese students in Korea is increasing day by day, the need of KLD for Chinese-speakers are no need to be explained. The research has organized headwords, definition, phonetic transcriptions, usage examples, grammar and idioms for development and configuration of KLD for Chinese-speakers.(Hanguk University of Foreign Studies)

One of the basic elements in learning a foreign language is the pronunciation which also makes the primary difference between the mother tongue and the foreign language. When it comes to learning a foreign language, the difference in the pronunciation is more prominent than that of the vocabulary or grammar. Since Korean and Chinese are two different language families, it is natural that the Chinese students have difficulty in making the perfect sound when they learn Korean language. The pronunciation-errors pointed out by the comparative linguistics don't match completely with those found in the real situations, which defies the perfect regulation in classifying those errors, especially in allophone. However, the method proposed by the comparative linguistics still plays an effective role in presenting the classification and the regulated correction in advance. On the other hand, the sound analysis is faithful to its leading part in suggesting the rule excluding the all sorts of variables that could happen with individual characteristics or carelessness. This study devises an efficient approach to predict the errors and make use of Chinese allophone inversely through the way of comparative linguistics with the data of experimental phonetics. (Daejin University)

It is common that the inaccuracy of vocabulary often exists in the Chinese students’ Korean writing, which not only undermines their expression, but also hinders the improvement of their writing skills. Therefore, it appears so important to do the comprehensive research on it. Based upon the Chinese students’ Korean writing both on their primary stage and secondary stage, the paper analyses the different types of errors in the students’ composition in terms of the frequently appeared collocation errors. mainly focusing on the reasons behind it and the corresponding teaching strategies so as to shed light on Korean teaching and learning in the Chinese universities. (Ludong University)

This study is for what the way a Korean literature education for foreigner. Particularity, it is demonstrates to students majoring in Korean studies a method of educating Korean literature with an example. The first, this study begin to ask for why a literature education selected same time contents all of the literature works. To selected same time for education contents can not show to the student an outline korean literature. Korean literature aims between a language education and a culture education. So Korean literature education need to present many literature works. And then it is that can be a networkness of the education. For the point of the argument, this paper show a syllabus of the point of view a historical literature. And it examines the Gujija to teach for the senior in Vietnam Hochiminh University. It is appropriate that literature introduce a work of concretion because of literature emotion, sentiment. Literature teaching method should be seen within the historical context of education. And Korean literature for foreigner has to teaching in point of view a comparative literature. When we teach that, can know to an effect to teach for the history of Korean literature because of introduce for a representative Korean literature works. It can be the effective way for "Oversea Korean Literature Education". (The National Institute of The Korean Language)

This paper discusses the universals of the consonants based on the phonetic featural markedness. Unlike the case of vowels, there is little publication on the universals of consonants. For this reason, this paper, based on the claim that consonant inventories tend to evolve so as to achieve maximal perceptual distinctiveness at minimum articulatory cost (Lindblom & Maddieson 1988), analyzes the articulatory markedness of obstruents in two categories, namely, manner and place of articulation. This is the first step for establishing the reality of the consonant system as a universal in natural languages. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)