Earticle

The aim of this research is to analyze the orthography, frequency, connective patterns, meaning and translation-expressions of the connective endings ‘-(으)라’ & ‘-(으)려’ in 󰡔朴通事新釋諺解󰡕. The connective ending ‘-(으)라’ appears 17times and '-(으)려’ appears 24times, which shows relatively high frequency compared with other connective endings. ‘-(으)라’ always combines ‘Vst+-(으)라+가다’, and semantically expresses the ‘purpose of action’. Syntactically, ‘-(으)려’ is always followed by ‘다’ and semantically expresses the ‘intention of action’. Also, if we add the analyses of another connective ending ‘-고져’ to the aforementioned connective endings ‘-(으)라’ & ‘-(으)려’, we might be able to obtain useful insight into the morphological and semantic differences of the three connective endings.

This study aims to investigate characteristics found in materials translated from Chinese to Korean, focusing on predicates. Predicates include a large amount of grammatical information such as tense, aspect, honorifics and modality in Korean language as one of the agglutinative languages. On the other hand, Chinese as an isolated language has a limited verbal conjugation, i.e. combinations of grammatical morphemes with a predicate are not common. This means that Chinese learners are likely to produce more errors in the process of learning Korean, especially errors related to the usage of predicates. Therefore, in this paper the characteristics found in translated materials of Aesop's Fables by Chinese Korean language learners have been analysed. The reason for analysing the translated materials was to prevent the learners from using avoidance strategies. Moreover, translated materials exhibit translator's language ability. In advance of presenting the analysis, several contrastive aspects found in predicates were researched for better understanding of the relevant data. The research resulted in displaying the following interlanguage characteristics: MLU-m (Mean Length of Utterance-morpheme) of translated materials by Chinese learners is shorter than that of Korean natives (5.23 vs. 4.56). This fact means that Chinese learners use fewer grammatical morphemes than Korean natives. Specifically, they show difficulties in the usage of tense and aspect. They also have problems in connecting two sentences using connective endings.

This paper attempts how /h/-final substantives in Middle Korean realizes as floating /h/ within the view of Government Phonology. The floating /h/ has a single element as (H). On the basis of (H), when a vowel with a postposition and vowel with a lax consonant undergo aspirated. On the other hand, the environment such as non-elements or /s, m/ consonants occurs, in this situation, /h/ is deleted. Furthermore, the maintenance of /h/ in this environment is also deleted. In order to treat these processes, we adopt the morphology-phonology interface in which Government-Phonology recognizes two types of structure: analytic and non-analytic. In an analytic construction, morphology is visible to phonology, while in a non-analytic structure the phonology is insensitive to morphology. The former has the type of [[A] B]; whereas the latter has the type of [A B]. Concretely, for the structure [[A] B], relevant phonological processes apply to A and concatenate with B, with phonological processes then applying to the concatenation (i.e. [A B]). In the non-analytic structure [A B], phonological processes simply apply to the result of concatenation. This implies that non-analytic structures are treated in the same way as mono-morphemic words. On the basis of /h/-final consonant deletion processes, these phenomena are treated as the substantive of properties.

As a series of research on investigating the reality of language usability using the web browsing results, this study intended to investigate how the preference level of the loanword orthography using sufficient language resources established on the web changed over the last ten-year period. The web language resource is limitless and is easy to use by anyone. Specially, it is very useful in terms of how the patterns of language usage according to the time period can be understood. However, the web engine is not designed for linguistic queries, but is to seek for general knowledge. Therefore, a proper methodology needs to be designed in order to utilize this. As a result of the investigation, the error rate of loanword writing showed decreasing tendency in general during the last ten years. However, it is difficult to consider as an increased knowledge on the loanword writing for it being an individual phenomenon of vocabulary. This study verified that the linguistic study using web is useful in investigating the actual condition of writing the loanword.

This dissertation aims at finding the solutions to the question; “As for Korean as a second language, What should the grammar that we have to teach be like?”In this paper, we proposed ‘discourse grammar’ as the answer for that question and tried to make sure that the discourse grammar approach is essential for developing communicative competence in Korean. For this, above all we asserted that grammar teaching in foreign language education should be implemented by means of the grammatical facts which have explanatory power and directly contribute to development of communicative competence. In this regard, the notions and features of discourse grammar-the grammar that we think of having strong explanatory power-were examined. Besides, by checking several grammatical phenomena with salient discourse property, we made clear that the discourse grammar approach is absolutely needed for the contents of grammar teaching in Korean language education to have explanatory power. Lastly, it was referred that not alone building ‘standard discourse data’ but also making comparison and organizing among ‘synonymous grammar expressions’ are needed to raise efficiency of discourse grammar education.

The aim of this study is to figure out the current status of Korean language education as non-major in Japanese universities. For this aim, I conducted a survey of students who are taking Korean lessons as a non-major class. The survey was held over seven months, from July 2013 to January 2014, and 481 students were surveyed, attending eight universities in Japan. To sum up the results of the survey, there was found a higher interest in Korean popular culture that leads to learning the Korean language, compared to previous Korean Waves in Japan. In addition, learners are also hoping to gain Korean language proficiency higher than the current level of the curriculum, but they do not like to go to Korea to study. Therefore, it is necessary that Korean education in universities in Japan quips to the demands of students. These results tell us that the Korean education courses in Japanese universities are being asked for a reorganization of the whole curriculum to meet the needs of learners.

This study aims to clarify the reasons of the decline of the Korean “Language School,” which is the first modern Korean language education institution in Japanese Colonial Period. This analysis discusses the process of development, decline and disappearance of the “Language School.”(1) “Language School” was established under the influence of the ecumenical movement in early 19th century. The United Church of Christ reverted to sectarianism in the 1930s, it came to be difficult to solve jointly missionaries’ language problem. (2) Additionally, the number of new-arriving missionary was greatly reduced as Korean Christian leaders matured. As a result, “Language School” encountered a marked decline of registrants and courses. It was the significant cause that the institutions finally disappeared. (3) Lastly, the circumstances in Japanese colonial period were the fundamental causes of the decline of Korean language education. The missionary work for Koreans was restricted under the control of the Japanese Government General of Korea, and colon language education had inescapable limits not to be permanent. In this context, it is concluded that Korean language education by missionary in the era of colonialism has a significant difference in terms of paradigm from modern Korean language education. The finding shows that it is classified as the former part before the establishment of modern Korean language education.

The number of international marriage immigrants (Korean citizens’ spouses) is 151,696 as of 2014, which is constantly increasing. Recently, the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Korea has reinforced the criteria for the screening of the issue of a spouse visa and asks international marriage immigrants for having a command of basic Korean before they enter Korea. This study aims to review a plan to conduct a test of proficiency in Korean for international marriage immigrants overseas (in their home countries) and seek a direction of developing a system to evaluate their proficiency in Korean. A survey was conducted to collect the opinions on the implementation of the test of Korean proficiency at regional diplomatic offices in 15 countries, and the conditions for the implementation of the test were figured out. In addition, based on this, a direction of developing the system to evaluate international marriage immigrants’ proficiency in Korean was suggested.

세계화가 진행됨에 따라 영구이주뿐 아니라 일시적 이주현상도 늘어나고 있다. 본 연구는 세계화 현상으로 부모를 따라 미국으로 와서 일시체류하며 중학교에 다니는 청소년에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 연구목적은 일시체류 한국 청소년의 학습경험을 탐구하고 미국 중학교에서 겪은 학습경험으로 그들이 어떻게 자기 정체성을 형성해나가는지를 탐색하는 것이다. 본 질적 연구는 1년 이상 5년 미만 미국에 체류한 뒤 한국으로 되돌아가야 한다는 것을 이미 알고 있는 5명의 한국청소년을 대상으로 하고 있다. 포커스 그룹 인터뷰와 개인 면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 인터뷰 자료를 전사하고 Nvivo 8을 이용하여 근거이론에 따라 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 1) 초기의 목표 및 호기심, 2) 언어적, 문화적, 인종적 소외경험, 3) 소외에 대처하기, 4) 미국 학교에서의 학업성취도, 5) 미국 학교에 대한 평가, 6) 한국 귀환에 대한 태도와 같은 6개의 주요 테마가 도출되었다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 미국에 일시적으로 체류하는 한국 청소년의 학습경험에 대한 마이크로 이론을 도출하여 도식으로 제시하였으며, 일시체류학생 및 귀국학생을 가르칠 교사를 위한 교육적 시사점을 덧붙였다.

This study is aims at clarifying the stability between different levels of TOPIK through the result of analysis of question items on the area of reading of intermediate and advanced level between the 25th – the 27th. The subjects of this study were limited to the answer papers of internal applicants who took the reading test of which the number of items are 30. This paper improved the satisfactory level on the items thorough the analysis of contents, before these were testified with the use of BayesiAn 1.0 program on the basis of IRT(The item response theory). The TIF(test information function) and TCC(function test characteristic curve) are extracted on the ground of IIF (item information function). Further, This study examined the stability between different levels of TOPIK through the results. The analysis showed that the low stability of items on the area of reading of intermediate and advanced level between the 25th – the 27th. was much detected being inferior in quality of exam. The interval stability also, showed that the advanced level was inferior to intermediate one by the use of TCC, that make the advanced level unstable reliability. This paper suggested some alternative improvements on the type of TOPIK forth, the difficulty of items, etc.

This paper discusses how to make the environment of acquisition of foreign languages including Korean better for the higher level of students such as prospective foreign language teachers. We argue that languages are the expressions of mental reality of the native speakers, the students should be taught to understand the cognitive characteristics of the target languages, otherwise they fail to reach to the level they require. We firstly discuss how grammar, lexicology, and phonology differ one language to another, by which we urge that contrastive linguistics, language universals, language typology, and cognitive linguistics should be involved for the betterment of 2nd and foreign language acquisition. This claim will be enforced by the following section, in which how the phonology is related with cognition is discussed.

This study is to analyze the difference in awareness and attitude for multicultural society of preservice secondary teachers by their multicultural experience, and the effect of their awareness on their attitude. In order to verify the purpose, a survey was carried out on 300 preservice secondary teachers who are currently attending College of Education or general university in Kangwondo at 2013, and 253 questionnaires filtered by Convenience Sampling Method are used in the final study. The survey used frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Scheffe test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis at the .05 significance level, with the program SPSS Win. ver. 18.0. The result is as follows. It is considerably important for preservice secondary teachers who will lead multicultural society in the future to form multicultural awareness and attitude. Thus it is appositely required to have them experienced and educated. Therefore, in the era of multiracial and multicultural society, the transition to the liberal views on multiculturalism is needed, and specific action plan on multicultural education for the multicultural experience of preservice secondary teachers should be set.