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This study tries to develop a classification of social welfare services utilizing a social welfare legislatures classification system, and to classify social welfare services for people with disabilities with the social welfare services classification. The dimensions of the social welfare services classification system consist of needs and legal relations. The former include attributed need, compensational need, and assessed need, while the latter include causal and purposive relations. With the two dimensions, there are 6 possible types of social welfare services, but there are only 5 types of social welfare services since attributed- causal services and compensational-causal services are the same type of services. Attributed- causal services are universal in that all the citizens may use the services, but service recipients have to pay for the services. Attributed-purposive services are universal, and service recipients use the services for free. Compensational-purposive services are selective in that service recipients must contribute to the society to be entitled to the services, and service recipients use the services for free. Assessed-causal services are provided based on need assessment on individuals, and service recipients have to pay for the services, while the service recipients of assessed-purposive services use the services for free. The social welfare services classification system in this study will help to analyze and understand the characteristics of social welfare services from the service users’ point of view.

In 2005, Korean government pushed ahead with decentralization as a core national agenda. 149 subsidized programs were transferred to local governmental as self-control functions with 67 social welfare service programs. For the fiscal support, government introduced new fiscal transfer program called Decentralization Revenue Sharing Tax(DRST) in Revenue Sharing Tax as general grant resource. Though the purpose of the initiatives was innovative, there has been severe conflict between central and local government since first year, especially on social welfare programs. The amount of transferred budget resource has been matter. In this paper, first, I explained the background of DRST and development process of DRST system. Second, I reviewed several alternatives in precedent studies. Finally, I suggested a new policy alternative such as social service block grant for the DRST.

This paper provides an introduction to Welfare Impact Assessment (WIA). We proposed the WIA as a new kind of impact assessment which can identify the social vulnerable consequences of a proposed policy and program, giving particular attention to the mitigation of adverse or unintended aspects. WIA can be defined as the consequences to the social vulnerable people of any proposed action that change the way they live, work, relate to one another, and function as individuals and members of society. To get guidelines about how to institutionalize WIA, we choose some related impact assessments such as Social Impact Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment, Gender Impact Assessment, and Equity Impact Assessment and compare them. We also explain differences between WIA and other IAs. After that, several factors are presented which should be prepared for institutionalizing WIA. We hope that many scholars and IA professions give helpful comment and advice.

This study investigates the level of service quality evaluation, satisfaction, and the intent of service reuse among the service users of early intervention services for children conducting problem behaviors provided as community designed social services inDaegu. The study utilizes the systematic sampling strategy and selects 21% of service users fromthe population, and gathers data by surveying them. Study findings show as follows. First, the service users of early intervention services evaluate that the level of service quality over fivemajor areas is generally high. Second, service users in this study also satisfies this service as a whole. The level of service satisfaction can be considered very high. Third, the level of intent on service reuse among service users is alsomuch higher than average. The significant variables influencing service users’ level of service quality evaluation are service user’s age, the status of welfare reception, the level of monthly wage, and the length of service use. The level of satisfaction and the intent of service reuse are significantly related with the status of welfare reception, housing status, and the status of disability.

본 연구에서는 일본에 있어서 복지의 시장화ㆍ분권화의 전개에 대해 고찰하고, 이른바 ‘조치에서 계약으로’라는 이슈로 대변되는 이 용자 선택제도의 도입과 자기책임론에 대한 논의에 대해 고찰하고, 사회서비스 제공주체의 변화에 대하여 노인요양서비스 분야, 장애 인복지서비스 분야를 중심으로 분석하였다. 개호보험 실시에 따른 가장 큰 변화는 노인복지서비스에 있어서 시장원리의 도입, 공급주체의 다원화, 분권화(지방이양), 케어매니 지먼트 체계의 구축이라고 할 수 있다. 일본에서의 복지의 시장화ㆍ분권화는 규제완화의 형태로 진행되 었다. 규제완화란 정부에 의한 공적 규제를 폐지하고 정부의 활동영 역을 최소로 줄이는 작은 정부를 목표로 하는 행정개혁이었다. 일본에서는 2000년 개호보험의 도입과 2003년의 지원비제도, 2006 년의 장애인 자립지원법의 시행으로 영리법인의 진출이 허용된 모 든 서비스 영역에서 이용자 수와 서비스 제공 사업소가 증가하고 있으며 , 공공단체, 사회복지법인 등 공익법인의 시장점유율은 하락하 고, 영리법인의 시장점유율이 크게 확대되고 있다. 개호보험의 도입과 장애인자립지원법의 시행으로 상품화된 사회 복지서비스가 일반화되어가는 일본에서는 시장에서 발생할 수 있 는 문제에 대응하기 위해 권리옹호사업 및 고충처리, 제삼자평가 등 의 시장 보완책이 검토ㆍ실시되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 보완책이 어 디까지 시장원리의 기능에 영향을 주고 있으며 야기된 문제들을 해 결하고 있는지는 검증되고 있지 않다. 이용자 수의 증가와 수익 창출을 목적으로 하는 영리법인 점유율 의 확대가 향후 사회서비스 영역에 어떠한 변화를 가져올 것이며, 어 떠한 문제를 야기할 것인지에 대한 보다 심도 깊은 연구와 논의가 필 요하리라 판단된다.

This study aimed to explore the history of marketization and decentralization of welfare in Japan, to examine the discussions about the introduction of user selection system that has been represented as themotto of ‘FromMeasures to Contract’ and the principle of self-responsibility and to analyze the change of social service providers for the long-termcare services for the elderly andwelfare services for persons with disabilities. The biggest changes that were caused by implementing long-term care insurance are the introduction of market principle, the diversification of providers, decentralization( local transfer) and the establishment of caremanagement system. The marketization and decentralization of welfare in Japan have proceeded as the part of deregulation; the deregulation is an administrative reformaiming to abolish government regulations and tominimizing the fields of government activities. In Japan, the introduction of Long-termCare Insurance in 2000, the implementations of Assistance Benefit Supply Systemin 2003 and Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act in 2006 have increased the numbers of users and service providers in all services that for-profit corporations have been allowed to participate in; the market share of non-profit foundations such as public organizations and social welfare foundations has decreased and that of for-profit corporations has greatly increased. In Japan where the commercialized social welfare services have been generalized based on the introduction of Long-term Care Insurance and the implementation of Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act, the complimentary measures for market such as the assistance to advocate rights, grievance settlement and third-party evaluation have been examined and implemented in order to solve the problems that could happen in themarket. It, however, has not been proved how much these measures affected the market functions and how they can solve those problems. The profound studies and discussions about how the expansion of market share of for-profit corporations that aim to increase the number of users and to make profit affects the field of social service and what kind of problems it would cause should be suggested.