Earticle

Objectives: This study is to examine the difference between the level of perceived importance and performance of social workers’ tasks in individualized support service for older adults and to identify their needs for job training and education related to their role as social workers. Methods: A nationwide survey of social workers in charge of individualized support service program, and 471 people responded. The corresponding sample t-verification and importance-performance analysis(IPA) technique were used for data analysis. Results: Both perceived importance(M=4.40) and performance(M=4.16) were high in most tasks, and the level of perceived importance was higher than that of performance. Additionally the statistically significant differences were found in 29 of the 35 tasks on verifying the difference in perceived importance and performance of tasks. Finally, the IPA results were classified into four areas and organized. Conclusions: Based on the results, we suggest a strategic plan for developing and implementing a curriculum that can improve the difference between perceived importance and performance of social workers' tasks.

Purpose: This study's aim was to confirm the importance and performance of the clinical practice of nurses working in the general wards of a tertiary hospital and to analyze their educational needs. Methods: The study employed a descriptive research design, and a self-reported questionnaire was developed and used for nurses in a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from July 22 to July 29, 2022, analyzed by an independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA for the importance and performance of each clinical nursing practice according to general characteristics, and then a post hoc verification was performed by Scheffé's test. An Importance-Performance Analysis and Borich needs assessment model were used to analyze clinical nursing education needs. Results: Clinical nursing practice performance showed a significant difference according to length of total clinical career, time working in current department, and preceptor experience. According to the results of the Importance-Performance Analysis, neurological evaluation, and nursing intervention, artificial respirator and high-flow oxygen inhalation nursing, chemotherapy, emergency nursing, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were identified as belonging to the "concentrate here" quadrant. All these items ranked in the top 10 in the Borich needs assessment model. Conclusion: Based on these results, the current education system should be reviewed, and short and long term education strategies based on educational needs should be established to strengthen the competence of nurses.

본 연구는 지난 20년간 지속해서 확대되어온 자활사업이 참여자의 욕구에 부합하고 있는가를 IPA를 활용하여 실증적으로 분석하고, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 실천적 함의를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 IPA 분석 기법을 활용하여 자활사업이 참여자 욕구에 잘 대응하고 있는지를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 자활사업 참여자 수급 지위에 따라 보유한 자원과 필요로 하는 자원이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 또한 참여하는 자활사업단 유형에 따라, 또한 수급유형에 따라 참여자가 필요로 하는 자원이 다른 것으로 발견되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 자활사업에서 참여자의 욕구와 자활사업에서 제공되는 서비스가 부합하지 않는 가능성을 제기하며, 이는 지역자활센터 사례관리자가 참여자에게 필요하다고 인식하는 서비스와 참여자가 실제로 필요하다고 느끼는 서비스가 일치하지 않음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 연구의 발견으로부터 자활 실천 방안을 제안한다.

The self-sufficiency program has consistently extended as a representative work-related welfare program for the last twenty years in South Korea. The current study aims to investigate self-sufficiency program corresponds to what participants want using importanceperformance analysis (IPA) and provide practical implications from study findings. The results of IPA (importance-performance analysis) found that South Korean self-sufficiency program is generally discrepant from participants’ needs and participants’ needs are different for each sub-programs as well as for types of welfare receipt. Additionally, the degree and trend of conformity between participants’ needs and what program provides are different according to sub-programs participants join and types of welfare participants receive. The current study suggests the necessity of self-sufficiency practice centered on case management from the study findings.

목적: 중학생 시기는 불안정하고 다양한 변화를 경험하는 과도기로 왜곡된 성지식을 무분별하게 습득할 수 있 기 때문에 내실있는 성교육이 필요하다. 성교육을 강화하기 위해서는 성교육 담당교사의 성교육에 대한 인식 도를 파악할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 IPA 방법을 활용하여 중학교에서 성교육을 담당하는 보건교사와 일반교사를 대상으로 성 교육의 핵심개념에 대한 중요도와 수행도를 파악하고, 성교육에 대한 인식 수준의 차이를 비교함으로써 성교 육 담당교사에게 필요한 역량개발의 내용과 범위를 확인하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 17개 시ㆍ도별 중학교 각 10개 학교를 무작위로 선정하여 해당 학교에서 보건교사와 일반교사 각 1명을 조사대상으로 하였으며, 이 중 보건교사 77명, 일반교사 70명 등 총 147명이 설문조사에 응답하여 이를 모두 최종 분석대상으로 하였다. 설문조사는 2014년 5월 18일부터 2014년 5월 29일까지 시행되었다. 결과: 연구결과 담당교사별 학교 내 성교육 실시 현황에서 연간 성교육 실시 시간(p=0.016)과 실시하고 있는 성교육 수업 방법 중 교과내용에 대한 강의식 수업(p=0.001)에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 보건교사가 응답한 성교육 핵심개념에 대한 중요도는 ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대한 점수가 가장 높고, ‘가정 폭력’에 대한 점수가 가장 낮았으며, 일반교사의 경우는 ‘성폭력 실태와 문제점’, ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대 한 중요도가 가장 높고, ‘임신과 출산’, ‘HIV와 AIDS’에 대한 중요도가 가장 낮았다. 보건교사와 일반교사의 중 요도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 보건교사가 응답한 성교육 핵심개념에 대한 수행도는 ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법’에 대한 점수가 가장 높고, ‘가정 폭력’에 대한 점수가 가장 낮았으며, 일반교사의 경우는 ‘신체상’에 대한 수행도가 가장 높고, ‘준비된 성관계’ 에 대한 수행도가 가장 낮았다. 보건교사와 일반교사의 수행도에서 ‘준비된 성관계(p=0.036)’, ‘음란물 바로보 기(p=0.015)’, ‘성폭력 예방 및 대처법(p=0.017)’ 등의 핵심개념에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이들 모두 보건교사 가 일반교사보다 수행도 점수가 높았다. 보건교사의 성교육 핵심개념별 IPA 결과를 살펴보면, 1사분면에 11개, 2사분면에 3개, 3사분면에 10개, 4사분 면에 4개의 핵심개념이 분포되었다. 이 중 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 2사분면에 위치한 개념은 ‘성 욕구 조절’, ‘준비된 성관계’, ‘생식기 건강관리’에 대한 것이었다. 일반교사의 성교육 핵심개념별 IPA 결과를 살펴보면, 1사분면에 11개, 2사분면에 6개, 3사분면에 9개, 4사분면 에 2개의 핵심개념이 분포되었다. 이 중 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 2사분면에 위치한 개념은 ‘의사결정’, ‘청소년의 성 인식’, ‘성 욕구 조절’, ‘피임’, ‘가정폭력’, ‘음란물 바로보기’에 대한 것이었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 중학교 보건교사와 일반교사의 성교육 수행도에 차이가 있으므로, 교사별 특성을 고려한 전문화된 연수가 실시되어야 하겠다. 둘째, 중학교 보건교 사와 일반교사에서 중요도는 높으나 수행도가 낮은 핵심개념을 강화하기 위한 방안이 마련되어야 하겠다. 셋 째, 향후 고등학교에서도 보건교사와 일반교사를 대상으로 본 연구에서 실시한 IPA 방법을 이용하여 중요도와 수행도의 차이를 비교하는 것이 필요하겠다.

Purpose: In this study, the research has been conducted on the health teachers and general teachers who are in charge of sexual education in the middle schools to find out their understanding on the degree of importance and degree of performance on key concept of the sex education and then compare their differences in the recognition of sex education which leads to find out the contents and range of capabilities required for the teachers in charge of sex education. Methods: A descriptive research on 77 health teachers and 71 general teachers using IPA and SPSS/WIN was practiced. Results: The result of research showed that there are significant differences in the annual hours for sex education of their schools, the contents of the sex education which was given in the lecture type lesson, and their performance degree. It was also found the distribution of key concepts by differences in IPA matrix. Conclusion: As there are the differences in the performance degree in sex education between health teachers and general teachers in middle school, more specific education for each of them is needed. And the way to reinforce the key concepts, which are found high in perceived importance degree for both health teachers and general teachers, but low in the performance degree should be considered.

This study used importance-performance analysis of different attributes of Bulgogi to investigate Americans' interest in this food. The results of this study will help determine the potential of expanding its consumption in the American foodservice market. Questionnaires were distributed to 200 diners in Korean restaurants located in New York, U.S.A. from July 13 to Oct 8, 2009. A total of 172 copies were returned and analyzed in this study. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 17.0. Of the total subjects, 74.4% were already familiar with Bulgogi and 69.2% had at least one experience trying it. Targeting the respondents who had eaten Bulgogi, preference and satisfaction toward the dish, as well as the intention to repurchase and recommend it to others, were examined, and scores were found to be very high at 4.53, 4.46, 4.26, and 4.47 points, respectively, on a 5-point scale. According to importance-performance analysis, the top five Bulgogi attributes in importance were taste, freshness, flavor, tenderness, and juiciness, and those for performance were freshness, flavor, taste, tenderness, and overall acceptability. However, sweetness and saltiness showed relatively lower performance and ease of purchase was noted as an attribute needing improvement. Therefore, American consumers' needs for Bulgogi should be met by enhancing its flavor, while maintaining the traditional taste, as well as by supplementing the channels providing Bulgogi.

본 연구는 마산항에 기항하는 항만이용자들이 인식하고 있는 마산항의 만족도를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해, 우선 4가지 평가영역과 20개의 평가항목으로 구성된 평가모형을 도입하였다. 다음으로, 마산항 이용자들이 인식하고 있는 중요도와 그에 따른 만족도를 효과적으로 검토하기 위해서 중요도-만족도 분석 기법을 활용하였다. 마산항에 기항하는 선사 및 해운 대리점업체로부터 수집된 조사자료를 분석한 결과, 전반적으로 중요도에 비해 만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 항로다양성, 기간항만 및 수출입국가와의 연계성, 전용터미널 활성화, 이용자 중심의 편의시설 측면이 중요도에 비해 만족도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 이러한 부분에 대한 개선방안 수립이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the satisfaction of the Masan port, based on the survey data collected from shipping companies and shipping agents. To achieve this objective, evaluation model was adopted. And, Importance-Performance Analysis as a research methodology for data analysis was used. For analysis of the satisfaction of the Masan port, data from 44 shipping companies and agents that actually call at Masan port were collected. From the results of analysis, it was found that there are gaps between overall importance and satisfaction. And the results of the data analysis showed that Masan port has some weaknesses in the diversity of sea route, activation of exclusive terminal, and convenient facilities for port users.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and perceived importance of 52 clinical research nursing activities in Korea and to apply importance?performance analysis (IPA) to identify areas requiring improvement. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted among 96 clinical research nurses (CRNs) with ≥2 years of experience. Data were collected online in May 2022 using a questionnaire addressing 14 general characteristics and 52 clinical research nursing activities across five dimensions: clinical practice (CP), study management (SM), care coordination and continuity, human subjects protection, and contributing to the science (CS), as defined by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Frequency and importance were evaluated on a 6-point Likert scale. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, the t-test, analysis of variance with Duncan post hoc tests, and IPA. Results: The mean frequency and importance scores for the 52 activities were 2.02±1.27 and 2.91±1.24, respectively. CP activities were performed most often and rated as most important, whereas CS activities were performed least often and rated as least important. Higher education, certification, and professional association membership were associated with higher CS activity frequencies. IPA revealed strengths in CP and core SM activities, while regulatory reporting, data integrity assurance, and site audits were underperformed despite being highly important. Conclusion: Korean CRNs play essential roles in CP and SM but require enhanced education, institutional support, and clearer role delineation in regulatory and quality-assurance activities. These findings provide evidence to guide CRN education, policy development, and the strengthening of professional identity among CRNs in Korea.

본 연구는 자율주행 대중교통 서비스의 효율적 발전을 위한 발전 전략을 수립할 목적으로, 안양시 자율주행 시범운행지구의 자율주행 대중교통 서비스 이용자를 대상으로 설문 조사 및 중요도-만족도 분석(importance-performance analysis)을 수행하여 서비스 개선 우선순위를 도출 했다. 이용자의 정량평가 및 정성평가 결과를 종합한 결과, ‘경제성' 지표의 자원을 ‘편리성' 지표에 재분배해야 하는 것으로 나타났으며 이에 따라 발전 전략으로 ‘서비스 유료화를 통한 과투자 자원 확보 및 자체 앱(application) 성능 강화에 재투자’할 것을 수립하였다. 본 연구를 통해 안양시 자율주행 대중교통의 운영 효율성 향상과 이용자 만족도 극대화를 위한 구체적인 발전 전략을 제시하여 자율주행 대중교통 서비스의 발전에 이바지하고자 한다.

This study aimed to establish a development strategy for enhancing the efficiency of autonomous public transportation services. The service improvement priorities were identified through a survey and importance-performance analysis (IPA) of users in the Anyang City Autonomous Driving Pilot Zone. These results suggest that resources allocated to the ‘Economics’ indicator should be redirected to the ‘Convenience’ indicator. The proposed strategy involves ‘monetizing the service to secure resources and reinvesting them in improving the proprietary application (app).’ This research provides a solid strategy to enhance operational efficiency and maximize user satisfaction, helping advance autonomous public transportation services.

수정된 IPA는 전통적 IPA와 비교시 실제 방문객 만족도가 반영된 관리전략을 수립하는데 있어 효과적인 방법이다. 그러나 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA의 비교연구는 제한적이다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 순천만 습지 내 효과적인 관리전략을 구축하기 위해 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA를 비교분석하였다. 첫째, 수정된 IPA를 선정하기 위해 선행연구를 고찰하였고, 공간 내 방문객의 실제 만족도에 영향을 받는 관리전략과 서비스 질을 정량화 할 수 있는 적절한 방법으로 Deng(2007) 방법론을 선정하였다. 둘째, 순천만 습지 내 전통적 IPA와 수정된 IPA를 적용한 결과를 비교분석하였다. 셋째, 수정된 IPA의 관리전략과 변화된 관리요소에 관해 논의하였다. 그 결과, 전통적 IPA 결과보다 관리요구도가 더 높게 도출된 관리요소로 혼잡도가 나타났고, 관리요구도가 더 낮게 도출된 관리요소 중 집중관리에서 저우선순위로 관리전략이 변화하는 관리요소의 경우, 그늘목, 전시시설 내부, 프로그램, 가이드투어가 분석됐으며, 현 상태 유지에서 과잉노력지양으로 분석된 관리요소의 경우, 휴게시설, 낙조, 생울타리, 전시시설 외부로 도출되었다. 이는 현재 순천만 습지 내 관리전략과 비교시 전통적 IPA 결과값보다 수정된 IPA의 결과값에 더 부합된 결과로 실제 방문객들의 만족변화에 대해 탄력적인 반응을 보이는 것으로 분석되어졌다. 이를 통해 의사결정자들의 관리전략 구축시 수정된 IPA가 더 정확하고 신뢰성 높은 기초자료로 제공될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Compared to the traditional format, the revised IPA is an effective method for selecting a management strategy as compared to the traditional IPA. Comparison between the traditional IPA and revised IPA with a management strategy has been, however, limited. Therefore, the difference between the traditional IPA and revised IPA was compared to select an effective management strategy in the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve. First of all, related papers were reviewed to select an appropriate revised IPA. It was found that Deng (2007)'s revised IPA was appropriate for quantifying service quality and a management strategy that affects the measurable satisfaction of visitors in the space. Second, the results of the traditional IPA were compared with the revised IPA in the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve and the management strategy of the revised IPA and the changes of management factors were discussed. It was found that some management factors deviated from the order of the quadrant "low priority for managers", "Concentrate management here", "Keep up the good work" were moved to the order of the quadrants "Concentrate management here", "low priority for managers" and "Possible overkill" in the revised IPA grid. The complexity as a management factor resulted in higher demand management than the traditional IPA, which moved from "low priority for managers" to "Concentrate management here". Management factors resulted in lower demand management than the traditional IPA moved from "Concentrate management here" to "low priority for managers"; these consisted of shade trees, exhibition exteriors, programs, and a guided tour. Also, management factors moved from "Keep up the good work" to "Possible overkill" consisted of relaxation facilities, glow of the setting sun, a hedge, and an exhibition interior. Over all, the revised IPA responded properly to changes in the measurable satisfaction of visitors to the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve. Therefore, a revised IPA should be provided for accurate and reliable guidelines when decision makers establish management strategies.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the service quality of special libraries using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method. This study also applied the working year factor to IPA model for establishing more improved library service strategies. A total 127 library users who work in governmental policy or research institutions in South Korea participated in this study. This study conducted regression analysis to compare with the results of IPA. The results of survey revealed that special library users had high expectation for library services, but they perceived the performance of the library service as insufficient. Special library users assessed that the information services of libraries were well provided but required additional efforts in services related with space and provided by librarian. Interestingly, when the library services were measured by working years, special library users who have worked for more than eight years were generally satisfied with library services with no “possible overkill” services, but users with less than three years working experience particularly expressed dissatisfaction with the service provided by librarians. The results of regression analysis supported the results of IPA. Finally, this study provides several important suggestions for better special library service.

본 연구는 중요도-성취도 분석(Importance-Performance Analysis)을 통해 자연환경해설사 양성교육 커리큘럼을 진단, 문제점을 조사 및 분석하여 제도 발전방안을 제시하는데 있다. 분석 결과, 기본과정의 경우 생물자원의 이해, 지형 및 지질 환경의 이해, 보호지역의 이해 등 해설의 기본이 되는 과목이 ‘저순위’로 도출된 것으로 볼 때 기본수업은 온라인 수업 등의 방법을 통해 선택과 집중이 필요하겠다. 또한 간이 과정의 경우 해설기법과 시연, 자연환경해설사의 역할, 안전관리 및 응급처치 과목 등의 실무적인 과목의 지속적인 수요가 있으며, 전문과정의 경우 ‘저순위’ 영역의 과목들인 해설프로그램 평가, 지속가능한발전, 환경교육프로그램 인증 실습 등의 과목은 시대적 흐름에 따른 과목으로써 트랜드에 맞춰 수정될 수 있다. 즉, 다양한 교육과정을 나열하여 공통과목과 선택과목으로 분리하여 개인의 성향, 전공분야에 따라 취사선택할 수 있는 방법을 도입할 필요가 있으며 온라인 과목과 오프라인 과목의 분리, 실무적인 과목을 위주로 오프라인 수업을 진행하는 것을 제안한다.

It is necessary to investigate the training curriculum and analyze problems through importance-performance analysis to suggest ways to develop the system. The survey was conducted online 1:1 through in-house mail within the industrial complex, and the results were as follows. Basic subjects such as understanding biological resources, the terrain and geological environment, and protected areas were derived as ‘low priority’, so fundamental subjects need to be selected through online classes. In addition, there is a continuous demand for practical subjects such as interpreter techniques and demonstrations, role of interpreter, safety management and first aid, and in specialized courses, subjects such as ‘low priority’ program evaluation, sustainable development, and environmental education program certification can be modified according to trend. In other words, it is necessary to list various curriculum and introduce a method to select subject according to individual's tendency and major field, and it is better to conduct offline classes focusing on online and offline subjects.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the importance and performance levels of the duties related to public health crisis response of the aircraft quarantine officials and to analyze their educational needs for public health crisis. Methods: The subjects were quarantine officials at Incheon airport in Korea, and data from a total of 121 individuals were utilized for analysis. Data were analyzed by an independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA for the importance and performance of duties regarding public health crisis according to general characteristics. An Importance-performance analysis (IPA) and Borich needs assessment model were used to analyze public health crisis education needs. Results: The IPA analysis revealed that the area requiring focused improvement efforts (concentrate here), where importance is high, but performance is low, primarily includes epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases. The Borich needs assessment was used to identify the following priority items: epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases, occurrence of social disaster after patient isolation, donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE), and epidemiological investigation of respiratory infectious diseases. Conclusion: Based on these results, it will be necessary to develop and implement practical education and training programs for aircraft quarantine officials.

This study aimed to analyze the performance of local government-led Esports industries in South Korea to support the development of effective strategies and actionable policies for revitalizing and branding the domestic Esports sector. A survey was conducted with 30 experts across various fields within the Esports industry. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28, employing frequency analysis and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The results of the IPA matrix indicated that ‘Esports Tournaments and Leagues’ exhibited the highest levels of performance, followed by ‘Facilities and Infrastructure’. In contrast, the area showing the lowest performance was identified as ‘Educational Programs’

목적: 본 연구는 NCS를 기반으로 교육기관별 네일미용 직무의 중요도와 현재 역량 수준 차이를 분석하고, IPA 기법을 통해 개선 방 향을 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 특성화고, 전문대학, 4년제 대학의 미용 전공 학생에게 521부의 설문을 수집하여 SPSS 21.0을 활용해 분석하였다. 결과: 첫째, 직무 중요도는 2·3수준에서만 교육기관 간 차이가 확인되었고, 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 현재 역량 수 준은 3수준에서만 차이가 나타났으며, 4년제 대학 학생이 가장 높았고 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 둘째, IPA 분석 결과, 위생 서 비스는 현상 유지 영역에, 기초 직무는 과잉 노력 영역에, 고급 기술과 경영·교육 직무는 저순위 영역에, 디자인 스컬프처, 에어브러 시, 융합 네일아트, 문제성 발 관리는 집중 개선 영역에 포함되었다. 결론: 본 연구는 현행 NCS 교육과정이 산업 현장의 변화를 충 분히 반영하지 못하고 있음을 보여주며, 기초 역량 내면화하고, 중·고급 기술을 강화하며, 경영 및 교육 역량 확대의 필요성을 제시 한다.

Purpose: Across educational institutions and based on National Competency Standards (NCS), this study analyzed differences in the importance and current competency levels of nail salon positions. Moreover, it also proposed improvement directions using the importance performance analysis (IPA) technique. Methods: A total of 521 questionnaires were collected from beauty majors enrolled in specialized high schools, junior colleges, and four-year universities, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: First, among educational institutions, differences in perceived position importance were observed only at levels 2 and 3, with junior college students ranking lowest. Differences in current competency levels were found only at level 3, with four-year university students ranking highest and junior college students lowest. Second, the IPA analysis results indicated that hygiene services were located in the status quo area; basic positions in the excessive effort area; advanced technology, management, and education positions in the low-priority area; and design sculpture, airbrushing, fusion nail art, and problematic foot care in the focused improvement area. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the current NCS curriculum does not adequately reflect the industrial field’s recent changes. More specifically, the results suggest the need for a progressive educational design that internalizes basic competencies, strengthens intermediate and advanced skills, and expands managerial and educational capabilities.

目的: 本研究以国家能力标准(NCS)为基础，分析了不同教育机构中美甲沙龙岗位的重要性和当前能力水平的差 异。此外，本研究还运用重要性-绩效分析(IPA)技术提出了改进方向。方法: 共收集了专业高中、专科院校和四 年制大学美容专业学生的521份问卷，并使用SPSS 21.0对数据进行分析。结果: 首先，在教育机构中，仅在第 二和第三层级观察到对职位重要性的感知差异，其中大专生排名最低。仅在第三层级发现对当前能力水平的差 异，其中四年制大学学生排名最高，大专生排名最低。其次，IPA分析结果表明，卫生服务位于现状维持区；基 础岗位位于投入过多的区域；先进技术、管理和教育岗位位于低顺位区域；而设计雕塑、喷绘、融合美甲和足 部问题护理则位于重点改进区。结论: 这些结果表明，目前的NCS课程未能充分反映工业领域近期的变化。更具 体地说，结果表明需要一种进步的教育设计，该设计应内化基本能力，强化中高级技能，并拓展管理和教育能力。

This study examines the development of digital literacy competencies among Korean university students through presentation activities in ESP-based Tourism English education. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research employs Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) to evaluate changes in students’ digital literacy skills before and after engaging in tourism-related presentation tasks. Pre and post surveys and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 students. The findings reveal significant improvements in several digital literacy domains, particularly in AI and multimodal competencies. However, persistent gaps were identified in areas such as self-regulation and information processing. The IPA results highlight critical areas needing improvement, especially in self-regulation where performance consistently lagged behind perceived importance. These insights contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing digital competencies in higher education and provide practical implications for curriculum development in ESP-based tourism English programs.

This study addresses the issues of L2 learners’reading strategy use within the higher education context. 115 Korean students from four universities participated in this questionnaire study using the Survey of Reading Strategies(SORS). The participants’reported reading strategy use in L2 and perceived importance were quantitatively analyzed and discussed. Significant mean differences were found between performance and perceived importance across all the items, implying that learners consistently rated perceived importance higher than performance in L2 academic reading. Overall, the Problem-Solving Strategy ranked highest in both performance and importance, followed by Global Reading Strategy and then Support Strategy. Strategies such as ‘take notes while reading’are suggested as an area for further improvements in the strategy-based instruction classroom.

A key factor of competitiveness of a firm is technology innovation including product and process innovation. This paper explores the importance and performance of innovation in IT industry across manufacturing and service business. Using importance-performance analysis based on a survey of Korean manufacturing and service firms, we find the characteristics of innovation in IT under the context of industry difference. Out study indicate that Korean IT firms need to recognize the importance of technology innovation and enhance the performance in some areas. In future research, we will expand the boundary of innovation into non-technology innovation as well as service-specific innovation.

본 연구는 위드(With) 코로나 시대의 배드민턴클럽 활성화를 위한 배드민턴클럽 지도자의 SNS마케팅 중요도- 만족도 분석을 통하여 우선순위분석, 매트릭스분석을 통해 각 사분면을 해석하고 위드코로나 시대의 배드민턴 지도자의 고용창출 및 배드민턴클럽 동호회에 지속가능한 전략수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것에 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 전국지역에 있는 배드민턴클럽 동호인을 모집단으로 총 294부를 배포한 후, 신뢰성이 결여된 41부를 제외한 253 부의 설문지를 분석하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 24.0과 Excel(2016)을 활용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 탐색적 요인분 석, 기술통계를 실시하였고, 각 문항의 평균값을 토대로 4사분면으로 도식화(IPA 매트릭스)하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 배드 민턴클럽 지도자의 SNS마케팅 문항별 중요도는 정보의 믿음이, 만족도는 흥미가 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 배드민턴클 럽 지도자의 SNS마케팅 요인별 중요도는 접근편의성이 만족도는 유희성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 배드민턴클럽 지도 자의 SNS마케팅의 IPA매트릭스의 문항별 각 사분면을 살펴보면, 배드민턴클럽 지도자의 SNS마케팅에 대한 중요도와 만족도가 모두 높은 Ⅰ사분면(현상유지)에는 타 사용자에게 메시지, 쉬운 가입절차, 정보가치, 흥미, 즐거움이 나타났고, Ⅱ사분면(집중노력지향)에는 정보 스크랩 및 저장, 정보접근가능, 커뮤니케이션, 정보유용, 정보의 믿음, 전문적인 정보, 구성원 정보 신뢰, 이벤트즐거움으로 나타났다. Ⅲ사분면(열등순위)에는 타 사용자와 관계, 정보의 출처가 나타났으며, Ⅳ사분면(과잉노력지양)에는 정보교환, 공감대형성이 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze each quadrant through priority analysis and matrix analysis of badminton club leaders' importance-satisfaction analysis to revitalize badminton clubs in the With Corona era, and to provide basic data for job creation and badminton club clubs. The subjects of the study distributed a total of 294 copies to a population of badminton club members across the country, and then analyzed 253 copies of the questionnaire, excluding 41 copies that lacked reliability. For data analysis, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and descriptive statistics were conducted using SPSS 24.0 and Excel (2016), and the data analysis was schematized into four quadrants (IPA matrix) based on the average value of each question. Analysis result, first, the importance of each SNS marketing question of badminton club leaders was the highest information belief and satisfaction was the highest. Second, the importance of badminton club leaders for each SNS marketing factor was the highest in accessibility and satisfaction. Third, looking at each quadrant of the IPA matrix of badminton club leaders' SNS marketing, quadrant I (Keep up the Good work) showed messages to other users, easy subscription procedures, interest, and enjoyment, and quadrant II (Concentrate here), information scrap and access, information. In the Ⅲ quadrant (Low Priority), relationships with other users and sources of information appeared, and in the Ⅳ quadrant (Possible Overkill), information exchange and consensus formation appeared.

본 연구의 목적은 국내 기업의 고객관리 분야의 적합한 직무관리의 방향을 설정하고 현장에서 이루어지고 있는고객관리 직무의 내용 및 활동을 제시하고자 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 국내기업의 고객관리 분야의 직무내용을 파악하고, 이에 대한 IPA 기법을 활용하여 고객관리 분야에 대한 분석을 통해 고객관리 직무의 내용을 분석하여올바른 직무평가 및 직무설계의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 활용한 자료는 국내 기업 중 고객관리 분야에 종사하는 남녀 100명을 대상으로 온라인 조사를 통해서 수집되었다. 고객관리 직무는 영역별로총 12개의 영역과 37개의 세부항목이 도출되었다. 고객관리 분야의 영역 및 세부 항목별 중요도-성취도 차이 분석 결과, 과거에는 고객관리 분야가 고객상담에만 치중해있거나 다양한 고객관련 데이터를 수집하고 축적하는데초점을 맞춘 것에 비해 현재의 고객관리 직무는 접점을 통과한 고객데이터를 대상으로 한 유의미한 결과도출을위한 체계적인 고객데이터의 조사 및 분석, 고객정보 분석, VOC 분석을 통한 시장개발 지원 업무의 확장까지직무범위 및 내용을 확대하였다. 고객관리 직무 분야의 이해당사자들이 본 연구결과를 통해 기대할 수 있는 연구의 활용방안이 제시되었다.

The purpose of this study is to establish the direction of appropriate job management in the field of customer management in domestic companies and to suggest the content and activities of the customer management job in the field. To do this, I analyzed the contents of customer management in the field of customer management by analyzing the contents of customer management in domestic companies and using IPA technique to analyze the contents of customer management job to provide basic data of job evaluation and job design. The data used for this study were collected through online surveys of 100 men and women engaged in customer management in Korea. A total of 12 areas and 37 detailed items were derived for each area of customer management. In the past, customer management focused on customer consultation or focused on collecting and accumulating various customer-related data. As a result, current customer management duties include contact points We have extended the scope and contents of the system from the systematic investigation and analysis of customer data to analyzing customer data, analyzing customer information, and expanding market development support through VOC analysis. This study suggests how to use the research that interested parties in the field of customer management job can expect from this study.