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Art activities related to healing art could be traced back to approximately 2,000 years when art was utilized as ritual ceremony and cave drawings. During the Goryo and Chosun Dynasties (about 1,000 years) the traditional drawings and calligraphy have been used as a meditative form and mind training. Since 128 years ago when the wetsern medicine was formally introduced to Korean society, psychiatric treatments were also gradually introduced and the drawing activities were sporadically utilized as diversional activities in some psychiatric hosptials. Recently approximately 15 universities in Korea are running offical curricula of undergraduate, masters and/or Ph.D. courses majoring in art therapy. (Journal of The Korean Academy of Clinical Art Therapy 2008;3(2):79-81)

8체질의학은 권도원(權度木元)선생에 의하여 창시된 의학으로 1965년 10월 제1회 동경 국제침구학술대회 에서 논문으로 처 음 발표되었는데 이 논문에는 체질이론, 생리와 병리, 침 치료요법 및 체질 맥상도 등의 내용이 수록되었다 . 우리 몸에는 심 장, 폐장, 췌장, 간장, 신장의 오장(五臟)과 위, 대장, 소장, 담낭, 방광 등 오부(五腑)가 있다. 그런데 선천 적으로 그것들의 기능 강약이 각각 다를 뿐만 아니라 강약들의 배열 또한 서로 다른 8개 구조로 되어 있어 그 8 구조를 8체질 이라고 하며 木 陽體質(Hepatonia), 木陰體質(Cholecystonia), 土陽體質(Pancreotonia), 土陰體質(Gastrotonia), 金陽體 質(Pulmotonia), 金陰體質(Colonotonia), 水陽體質(Renotonia), 水陰體質(Vesicotonia)이라 이름한다. 각 체질은 그 고유 의 장부의 강약편 차를 가지고 있으며, 이 강약의 차이에 의해서 체질의 생리, 병리가 결정된다. 각각의 장부는 모두 그 장부 의 기능에 영향을 미치는 색깔을 가지며, 전통 한의학에서 제시한 색의 배속과 대체로 유사하지만 8체질의학에서는 이 색의 배속과 관련하여 특정한 색깔은 특정한 장부의 기운을 강하게 하거나 약하게 하여 그 사람의 건강상태에 영향을 미친다는 사실을 발견하였다. 8체질의학에서는 색깔이 인체에 영향을 미치는 경로는 2가지로 인식하고 있다. 첫 번째는 접촉을 통한 색 자극이고, 두 번째 는 시각자극을 통한 색자극이다. 전자는 테이핑치료로서, 후자는 8체질의학 고유의 섭생법으로서 치료에 응용되고 있다. (임 상미술치료학연구 2008;3(2):82-88)

Eight Constitution Medicine (ECM) is medicine theory announced for the first time in 1st The International Congress of Acupuncture that is held at the Japan Tokyo October, 1965 by Dr. Dowon Kuon. It is constitutional medicine that divide a person by eight constitutions that GeumYang (Pulmotonia), GeumEum (Colonotonia), SooYang (Renotonia), SooEum (Vesicotonia), TowYang (Pancreotonia), TowEum (Gastrotonia), MokYang (Hepatonia), and MokEum (Cholecystonia). ECM presents its unique pulse diagnosis, constitution-acupuncture (CA) therapy and regimen corresponding to each constitution. In ECM, each constitution has a recommended or harmful regimen, including food, vitamins, bathing method, breathing method, residential environment, color, etc. For each of the constitutions, there is a basic prescription that is preferred for all treatments. This was the link connecting these two constitutions that responded to the colors. The basic prescription for Hepatonia is the prescription Is, which suppresses the liver, while the basic prescription for Pulmotonia is the prescription Ip, which stimulates the liver. These are linked by blue, the liver color. The basic prescription for Cholecystonia is the prescription VIIp, which stimulates the lungs, while that for Colonotonia is VlIs, which suppresses it. These are connected with the lung color white. The basic prescription for Renotonia is IXs, which suppresses the kidney, while that for Pancreotonia is IXp, which stimulates it. These are related to black, the kidney color. The basic prescription for Vesicotonia is Vp, which stimulates the pancreas, while that for Gastrotonia is Vs, which suppresses the pancreas. These are linked to red, which is the pancreas color. The concept of health has changed from being in a simple disease-free state to the improvement of the quality of life and the pursuit of happiness. In this regard, it is expected that ECM, which offers a management system of life in general based on individual constitution, will more effectively contribute to the health and happiness of mankind. (Journal of The Korean Academy of Clinical Art Therapy 2008;3(2):82-88)

Objectives：Among the various schizophrenic symptoms, negative symptoms are particularly disabling as the disorder continues with time. This study aims to evaluate the effect of clinical art therapy on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Methods：Twenty patients, 10 in a case group and 10 in a control group, admitted to Severance mental health hospital diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in this study. Case group participated in an 18-session clinical art therapy program. Patients’ symptoms were evaluated with Positive And Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) before and after the program. Anhedonia, one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, was evaluated using an anhedonia rating scale. Qualitative analysis of Landscape Montage Technique (LMT) drawn by patients at session 1 and session 18 was done to compare the change of drawing contents. Participation rate and attitude were also evaluated. Results：There was no statistical significance in total negative subscale score change (p=0.063). However, among seven negative symptom subscales, blunted affect (p=0.028) and poor rapport (p=0.028) showed a statistically significant difference. Anhedonia rating scale also showed significant difference (p=0.036) where physical subscale was significantly different (p=0.048) but social anhedonia was not (p=0.115). Comparison of LMT before and after the program showed positive change in colors, space, and content. Participation attitude and sociability also improved. Conclusion：Clinical art therapy may help patients with schizophrenia in improvement of negative symptoms. (Journal of The Korean Academy of Clinical Art Therapy 2008;3(2):89-94)

Objectives：The significance of this study lies in verifying the effects of clinical art therapy on self- esteem and the Motivation for Rehabilitation of patients of stroke after recovery. Methods：Subjects were consisted of 14 stroke patients and were divided into two groups；control (n=7) and experimental (n=7) groups. The before and after plan for comparing inequalities was adopted and the experimental group received clinical art therapy for 60 minutes, once a day, for the total of 14 sessions. The self-esteem index and Motivation for Rehabilitation after treatment index were used as research tools, and the measured data were analyzed with ttest using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. In addition, K-HTP picture analysis inspection and changes before and after clinical art therapy were also carried out to qualitatively analyze effects of intervention. The clinical art therapy process was analyzed according to sessions and individuals. Results：In the experimental group, there were statistically significant improvements in the self-esteem and the Motivation for Rehabilitation after recovery (P<0.05) thanks to clinical art therapy. Conclusion：Clinical art therapy has a positive effect on improvement of self-esteem and the Motivation for Rehabilitation for stroke patients recovering from the disease. This indicates that clinical art therapy can effectively be adopted as rehabilitation treatment for stroke patients. (Journal of The Korean Academy of Clinical Art Therapy 2008;3(2):95-103)

본 연구는 지남력 향상을 위한 임상미술치료가 치매노인의 인지기능 향상에 미치는 효과에 대하여 검증하 고, 치매노인의 임상 미술치료 효과에 대한 기초 자료를 마련하고자 한다. 치매로 진단을 받고 경기도 광주시에 소재한 Y병원 치매병동에 입원한 65세 이상 치매노인 20명으로서 실험집단 10명, 통제집단 10명을 대상으로 구성하였다. 실험집단은 2008년 8월부터 10월 까지 주 2회 50분씩 총 20회기에 걸쳐 임상미술치료 프로그램을 실시하였으며 양적 연구를 위하여 MMSE -K검사를 사용하 였고, 질적 연구를 위해서는 K-HTP검사를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 수집한 자료를 바탕으로 양적 분석을 위해서는 통계 프로그램인 SPSS/WIN 15.0을 사용하여 다음과 같이 분석 을 실시하였다. 실험집단과 통제 집단의 사전 동질성 검증을 위해 독립표본 t 검정을 실시하였으며, MMSE-K점수와 지남력 점수 각각의 변화를 검증을 위해서 사전 점수를 공변인(covariate)으로 통제한 후 실험-통제 집단이 사후 점수에서 차이가 있는지를 살펴보는 공분산분석(Analysis of Covariance：ANCOVA)을 실시하였다. 끝으로 실험집단에서 사전-사후 검사 간 유의미한 차이가 있는지 검증하기 위하여 실험집단의 사전-사후 MMSE-K점수와 지남력 점수를 이용한 쌍별 t 검정을 실시하였다. 또한, 개입의 효과를 알아보기 위한 질적 분석으로서 K-HTP 그림진단 검사의 임상미술치료 전과 후의 변화를 분석하고, 임상미술치료의 과정에서 개인별 특징을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 임상미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단의 지남력 점수는 유의미하게 향상되었다. 둘째, 임상미술치료 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단의 인지기능 점수는 유의미하게 향상되었다. 셋째, 실험집단의 K-HTP 그림진단 검사와 임상미술치료 활동은 의미 있고 긍정적인 질적 변화가 나타났다 . 이상의 연구결과에서 임상미술치료가 치매노인의 지남력 향상에 따른 인지기능 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 준다고 볼 수 있다. 이것은 치매노인에게 임상미술치료가 필요하다는 점을 시사해 주고 있다. (임상미술치료학연구 2008;3 (2):104-114)

This study aims to verify the effects of clinical art therapy for improving orientation on the cognitive function improvements of dementia patients, and to prepare basic data on the clinical art therapy effects in dementia. The subjects of this study were 20 patients diagnosed with dementia over 65 years old, hospitalized at the Y Hospital dementia ward in Gwangju, Gyeonggi-do. 10 patients were arranged as the experiment group and the other 10 were the control group. The experiment group went through a clinical art therapy program for 20 times, each session being 50 minutes long and held twice a week from August to October, 2008. As for the measurement instrument, the MMSE-K and K-HTP tests were used each for quantitative and qualitative research. A statistics program called SPSS/WIN 15.0 was used for the following quantitative analysis based on the collected data in this study. An independent-samples t-test was enforced to verify the preliminary consubstantiality of the experiment and control groups. ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) was enforced in order to verify the change of the MMSE -K score and orientation score. This was done by controlling the preliminary score as the covariate and then examining whether there is a difference between the post-factum scores of the two groups. Lastly, a paired t-test was enforced using the preliminary and post-factum MMSE-K score and orientation score of the experiment group, to verify whether there is a significant difference between the preliminary and post-factum tests. Also, the change before and after clinical art therapy of the K-HTP art- diagnosis was analyzed as a qualitative analysis, in order to examine the effects of intervention. Characteristics of individuals were analyzed during the process of clinical art therapy. The following are the study results. First, the orientation score of the experiment group that participated in the clinical art therapy program was improved significantly. Second, the cognitive function score of the experiment group that participated in the clinical art therapy program was significantly improved. Third, the K-HTP art-diagnosis and clinical art therapy activities of the experiment group was meaningful and showed a positive quality change. These study results indicate that clinical art therapy gives a positive effect on improving cognitive functions depending on orientation improvement in dementia patients. This suggests the necessity of clinical art therapy for patients with dementia. (Journal of The Korean Academy of Clinical Art Therapy 2008;3(2):104-114)