Earticle

The purpose of this paper is to revealrelationship between taking multi- cultural sessions and building human relations. In prior studies, it explores the influence on students of taking multi-cultural sessions for one semester, and examines how students reflected on what they learned about building human relations. These studies are conducted separately, Japanese students and international students. However, to clarify relationship between taking multi-cultural sessions and building human relations, it needs to compare each result of analysis. Building human relation is composed of interaction. Thus, this study attempts to reconsider regarding effects of multi- cultural sessions using prior results which are the viewpoint of both international students and Japanese students. The results indicate that changes in their consciousness contribute to remove their barriers. And then,it influence on their changes of attitudes and building human relations. In prior studies, multi-cultural sessions had been expected to develop cultural exchange among classmates; however, this paper found that these particular multi- cultural sessions influenced the students’ daily human relations and attitudes, even outside of the sessions.

Individualism that NatsumeSoseki insisted in his essay seemed like feudal moralism, do not accommodate to modern social system. Mori Ogai regarded loyality and filial piety as absolute necessity.

A Korean traditional pattern can be described as the cultural heritage that contains the identified emotions and history of our ancestors. They created beauty in life by decorating their surroundings with particular and distinct patterns. Now that the interests in culture has been the focus of a lot of research fields, and that is related to rediscovering the cultural identity of our past. One of the recent trends in the field is to apply these cultural aspects, such as historical patterns, into modern design in order to promote the Korean culture and the arts to the world. Therefore, creating designs that contain originality based on the traditional patterns can become the ompetitive advantage of the Korean design as a whole. For example, Japan has already been promoting their traditional patterns as various design products to the world. Similar to what Japan has been doing, Korea needs to emphasis on the traditional patterns in order to create synergy in modern designs by implementing the old into new. Indeed, comparing and analyzing the traditional patterns of the two countries is critical in developing a superb conceptual guideline for Korea’s path in design. This study focuses on comparing and analyzing geometric patterns of Korea and Japan. This research will contribute to the field by providing in depth intellectual means of patterns as cultural and traditional heritage. Furthermore, it will be a foundational work to spread distinct Korean designs to the world.

본 연구는 현재 중국의 도시체계를 인구수를 기준으로 살펴보고 그 종주성을 파악하여 향후 바람직한 국가도시체계의 방향과 지역의 균형발전을 위한 도시체계의 지향점을 제시하려고 한다. 중국의 도시인구는 1980년대 개혁개방정책 이후 동부연안지역을 중심으로 인구가 집중하기 시작했 으며, 2001년 WTO가입, 2008년 베이징 올림픽이후로 도시와 농촌인구의 비율이 역전되었다. Zipf 의 도시순위규모법칙에 의해 인구수를 기준으로 한 중국의 도시체계는 상위도시군에서 종주도시분 포를 보였으며, 하위도시군에서는 지역적 연계가 약화된 도시분포를 보였다. 이러한 도시체계는 자 원의 비효율적 이용과 외국에의 경제의존도를 높여 중소도시 및 농어촌지역의 불균형을 야기하여 국토의 균형적 발전을 저해한다. 균형있는 국토발전을 위해 도시체계의 지향점이 수정되어야 하는 데 그 방안이 바로 네트워크 도시체계이다. 중국의 도시체계가 안정화와 수평적 네트워크형 다핵구 조로 전환하는 것이 중국도시의 지향점이라고 하겠다. 대도시권은 지역도시내의 중소도시의 중추기 능을 수행하고, 중소도시들은 유기적인 연계를 이루어 지역적 특화를 통해 지역의 경쟁력을 강화하 는 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다.

This study intends to investigate the urban system based on the population present days and to try to present a place where orientation of the urban system for the balanced development of the region and the direction of the urban system in China. The urban population of China, reforming and opening policy since the 1980s, the population began to concentrate mainly in the eastern coastal areas. Accession to the WTO in 2001, the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, the proportion of the population in urban and rural areas has been reversed. Urban system in China According to Zipf's city-rank size rule based on the population indicates top cites show primate distribution and lower cities show weakened the regional association distribution. That urban systems show increasing economic dependence on foreign and inefficient use of resources. That undermines the balanced development of the country causing an imbalance in the small towns and rural areas. Orientation of urban system is modified in order to develop a balanced national land, that plan is network urban system. The orientation of China's cities will be converted into stable and horizontal network type polynuclear structure of Chinese urban system. The metropolitan areas perform the function of a central, small cities will have to find ways to strengthen the competitiveness of the region through regional specialization.

사회화 매체를 통해 사교계를 넓히면서 자신과 맞는 친구도 사귈 수 있다. 이러한 서비스는 우리를 신세계의 사교시대를 향해 이끌어 가고 있다. 이런 인터넷 플랫폼(Platform)을 통해 가치가 있는 정보 는 급속 하게 전 세계로 전파되는 반면에 가치가 없는 정보는 사라지거나 소규모만 전파되기 때문이다. 사회화 매체의 큰 영향을 받고 있는 우리는 이런 사회화 매체를 정확하게 이해하기 위해 필자는 웨이 신(微信)을 통한 중국문화에 대해 간단한 연구를 시도해 보게 되였다. 웨이신은 중국의 대중들에게 없 어서는 안 될 존재가 되었다. 본 논문에서는 중국 웨이신의 배경, 운영 실태, 기능 등을 살펴보았고 웨이신의 장 단점에 대해서도 가볍게 살펴보았다. 그리고 웨이신을 개선할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고 보완하는데 일조하고자 하였다. 본 논문을 통해 중국과 웨이신의 용도를 알아볼 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 웨이신의 중국에서 통신문화에서 의 위상을 요해하는데 일정한 밑거름이 될 것이다.

韩中两国关系日益紧密，两国已全面提升到“战略性合作伙伴”。两国间不仅是政府间交往，民间往来比 起以往任何时候都密切。继去年6月份朴槿惠总统访问中国之后，今年7月，中国国家主席习近平回访韩 国，两国间的关系得到升华，民间层面的交往也史无前例。韩国文化旅游教育部2013年的统计结果显 示，韩国人访问中国大陆游客的数量达4千万人次，超过了中国的访韩游客的283万人次。建交20多年 来，两国关系高速发展，其原因，政府所起的作用不可忽视，文化层面的交流，特别是“韩流”的作用不容 忽视。因此，“韩流”现象在两国文化界受到极大的关注。“韩流”在中国的影响已经有10多年之久，其中电 视剧、电影及k - pop等为韩流在中国的传播起到了巨大的推动作用。 韩国的文化产业受历届政府高度重视，早在60年代就有所提及。到金大中政府时期，将文化产业提升 为创造21世纪文化大国的高度，政府投入大量资金加以扶持。李明博政府在大选中把文化产业作为施政 纲要目标之一，“创造并实现文化强国”。朴槿惠在2013年2月总统就任典礼上，提倡“经济复兴、国民幸 福、文化兴盛”的3大施政基调。我们要从韩国政府对文化产业的政策中借鉴什么？

China is a united multi-ethnic nation founded together by 56 ethnic groups.In the new century, China is going for builing great enterprise of socialism with Chinese characteristics. To bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is not only the common pursuit but also the common profit of all ethnic groups. Regional autonomy of ethnic minorities is the basic policy for the Communist Party of China to sovle the ethnic minority issue, it is also a basic political system in accordance with Chinese practice, a kind of innovation to ethnic theories which has an enormous advantage. On hand, regional autonomy of ethnic minorities is the solid foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; on the other hand, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will provide powerful safeguard to regional autonomy of ethnic minorities.

中国是56个民族共同缔造的统一的多民族国家。新世纪，中国致力于建设中国特色社会主义的伟 大事业，实现中华民族的伟大复兴，是各族人民的共同追求，也是各族人民的根本利益所在。民族区域 自治是中国共产党解决民族问题的基本政策，也是符合中国的一项基本政治制度，既是民族理论的创 新，具有很大的优越性，也是实现中华民族伟大复兴的坚实基础，中华民族的伟大复兴又为民族区域自 治的实施提供了有力的保障。

As a result of research by the Western academic circles, Asia's modernity began to be understood as part of a long-term process initiated from the modern times. Especially since the 1990s, there have been efforts to reform ‘World system theory' - with strong Euro-centric view of history - into ‘World history' assigning an appropriate position to Asia. And this considerably affected China's research on maritime history. However, of special note here is the fact that in case of the Chinese academic circles, research approach with nationalistic point of view was overwhelming at least quantitatively. Given the reality in which maritime history-related research state of the Chinese academic circles is not properly known to our country, this study introduces a summary of the modern maritime history, divided into history of the shipping, history of the fishing industry, history of maritime defence, history of the navy, history of maritime border and history of maritime rights. The fact that the Chinese academic circles have pursued a new framework mainly through marine-related universities and research institutes by seeking to convert from history of the coast to maritime history or emphasizing research on maritime culture must be affected by the overseas academic circles but the overall research still shows considerable tints of nationalism. Indeed, how the Chinese government pursued an ocean power on world stage away from focus on the continent, was well illustrated by the message of a documentary Toward the Ocean. At this particular moment when conflicts between each country in Northeast Asia are heightened, research on maritime history needs a balance neither sticking only to each country's own interests, nor to Euro-centric view of history and East Asia centric view of history, from a cooler point of view.