Earticle

The purpose of this study was to find out how high school students view emergency remote teaching and learning in the form of online English class operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred and twenty high school students from a high school in Seoul participated to complete the questionnaire with 30 closed questions and 5 open-ended questions. For the analysis of the study, exploratory factor analysis, t-test, and descriptive statistics analysis were conducted by the use of SPSS 27. In teacher factor, learning effect factor, and system factor, students with high- intermediate English proficiency were more satisfied than students with low-intermediate English proficiency. There was no significant difference in the learner factor. They cited accessibility and convenience as advantages of online classes whereas lack of communication and interaction, difficulty in concentration and immersion, and online network instability as disadvantages. Based on the results of the study, several pedagogical implications for future online English classes were proposed.

OTT 산업 분야는 신산업 규제정비 기본계획 상 중점 추진 분야로서 정책적 대응이 시급한 분야임에도 불구하 고, 관련 제도인프라 부족으로 인해 다양한 이슈들이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 OTT산업의 규제혁신 수요 파악 을 위해 주요 이해관계자들의 의견을 청취하고 Q방법론을 활용하여 규제 장애 및 지체가 발생하는 정책 갈등구조를 분석하고자 한다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, OTT관련 정책추진에 있어 우선 저작권료 정산방식에 대한 기준체계 개선이 필요하다. 둘째, OTT사업자의 기금부담에 대한 부담을 경감할 수 있는 지원방식 개선이 요구된다. 셋째, 제로레 이팅에 관한 잠재적 규제 이슈들에 대한 규제적용방식 전환을 통한 제도적 보완이 필요하다. 본 연구는 새로운 산업 및 서비스에 대한 규제 혁신과정에서 다양한 이해관계자의 인식을 복합적으로 고려하고 제도를 개선하는 데 활용될 수 있다.

Although the OTT industry is an area that needs urgent policy response as a priority area under the new industry regulatory reform master plan, various issues are occurring due to the lack of related institutional infrastructure. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the policy conflict structure in which regulatory obstacles and delays occur by listening to the opinions of major stakeholders and using the Q methodology to identify the regulatory innovation demand of the OTT industry. The analysis results are as follows. The analysis results are as follows. First, in the implementation of OTT-related policies, it is necessary to improve the standard system for the method of settlement of copyright fees. Second, it is required to improve the support method that can reduce the burden of OTT operators' fund. Third, it is necessary to supplement the system by changing the regulatory application method for potential regulatory issues related to zero-rating. This study can be utilized in the process of introducing a system in which various stakeholders are connected and developed in a complex manner in the process of regulatory innovation in new industries and services.

Purpose: This study investigated the associations of awareness of blood pressure or blood sugar levels and subjective body weight perception with weight loss attempts in overweight and obese adults. Methods: For this cross-sectional, descriptive, survey-based study, data were obtained from the 2021 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The participants (N=6,571) were adult residents (≥19 years old) of northern Gyeonggi Province in Korea with body mass indexes of 23 kg/m2 or greater. Results: The average age of the participants was 53.11±16.56 years, with a range of 19 to 100 years. Among the participants, 73.2% responded that they had tried to maintain or lose weight in the past year. The prevalence of weight loss attempts was higher among participants with certain demographic characteristics-women (who comprised 39.2% of the study sample), younger individuals, and those with higher education levels-than among their counterparts. Conclusion: Participants who were aware of their blood pressure or blood sugar levels and those with a perception of normal or obese body weight were more likely to attempt weight control than participants without these characteristics. Therefore, encouraging individuals to become aware of their blood pressure or blood sugar levels and to maintain an accurate perception of body weight may motivate them to attempt weight management.

YouTube is a platform that delivers video content on diverse topics and enables communication, making it the most utilized service for conveying knowledge and exchanging information. The Korean Army is also proactively operating official Defense YouTube channels related to the military and producing videos to promote a positive perception and instill faith in the military among the general public and soldiers. However, there is a lack of research on the current status of the content and societal perceptions of defense-related channels. To understand societal awareness, we qualitatively analyzed video content and comments. In addition, we used big data analysis methods such as keyword derivation, term frequency analysis, word cloud visualization, word association analysis, and sentiment analysis of comments based on a Korean sentiment dictionary. These analyses identify current defense channel strategies and society's awareness of these strategies and provide a foundation for improving and perfecting future video creation and operation processes.

사회복지문제는 지역 또는 선후진국을 막론하고 정도의 차이는 있지만 항상 논란의 대상이 되고 있다. 특히 정치집단은 선별적 복지와 보편적 복지에 대한 합의를 도 출하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 최근 한국에서는 이에 대한 논쟁이 뜨겁게 달아 오르고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 2010년과 2013년 복지패널데이터를 활용하여 복지정책의 선택에 대한 사회적 합의 도출의 가이드라인을 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2개의 서로 다른 년도 의 조사를 통합변수를 활용하여 패널자료를 구축하고, 데이터가 순서화된 카테고리 변수임 을 감안하여 순서형 프로빗모형 (Ordered Probit Model)을 활용하여 복지정책 수립의 핵 심변수인 경제적, 재정적, 정치적 인식 변수에 대해 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 전반적으 로는 선별적 복지보다는 보편적 복지를 선호하는 것으로 분석되었다. 구체적인 변수에서는 소득과 정치적 선호 변수에서는 보편적 복지를 선호하는 것으로 나타났으며, 조세부담과 정치적인 만족도 측면에서는 선별적 복지를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 조세정의 및 정치 적인 만족도에서는 선별적 복지문제의 해결이 우선되어야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같 은 분석결과는 최근 사회적인 문제로 등장하고 있는 복지정책수립의 기본적인 방향을 제 시하고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 첫째, 복지정책 수립에 대한 이론적인 근거를 제시하고 있으며, 둘째 연구방법론 측면에서도 순서형 패널프로빗모형을 활용함으로써 복 지패널자료를 종적, 횡적으로 분석하는 방안을 제시하였다는 측면에서 의미가 있다고 할 수 있다.

이 논문은 한국, 중국, 일본, 미국의 시민들의 안전 인식을 분석하고 공공 안전 관리 서비스의 질을 비교하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해, 이 연구에서는 안전 인식에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하고 안전 관리 서비스 개선 방향을 제안하기 위한 시사점을 찾는데 목표를 둔다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 안전 인식, 기대, 성과, 안전 관리 만족에 대한 분석 결과, 중국 시민들이 자신들의 안전 수준을 가장 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 안전 관리 서비스에 대한 기대 인식은 한국과 일본에서는 낮았지만, 미국과 중국의 시민들은 비교적 높은 점수를 주고 있다. 셋째, 4개국 시민들은 모두 자기 국가의 안전 수준을 긍정적으로 인식하고 있다. 넷째, 4개국 국가 간에 시민들의 안전 추구 행동에는 차이가 있으나, 중국 시민들의 경우에는 안전을 위한 비용 지불을 제외한 다른 모든 영역에서 가장 높았다. 마지막으로, 대체적으로 중국 시민들은 자기 국가의 안전 관리 서비스에 대해 충분히 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 미국, 한국, 일본의 순서로 만족 점수가 높게 나타났다.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the present safety perception condition of the four cities' citizens and compare the quality of public safety management service among Korea, China, Japan, and USA. For accomplishing the purpose, this article aims to explore implications for suggesting the directions of safety management service improvement and providing the basic data related with safety perception to us. The results of this study are as follows. First, results which analyze the safety perception, expectation, performance, satisfaction of safety management indicate that Chinese citizens perceived their safety level as highest. Second, expectation perception to safety management service is low in both Korea and Japan, but citizens in USA and China give relative high score to them. Third, all the country's respondents are aware of their country's safety level positively. Fourth, there were differences of safety ensuring behaviors among four countries, but, according to the results, safety ensuring behaviors of Chinese citizens are highest in almost domains except the domain of willingness to pay for the safety. Finally, on the whole, Chinese citizens have a feeling of satisfaction to their countries' safety management service sufficiently.

Understanding user perception on internet shopping with different platforms is getting important, according to the growth of smart phone’ user. Especially the intentions to use Internet commerce and mobile commerce, is important in explaining the fact that these commerce have been growing at an exponential rate in recent years. This paper tries to study variables, identified by literatures, which causes the users’intention for mobile commerce in contrast with internet commerce. In order to understand and manage the electronic commerce activities on different platforms, the differences of users’perception are investigated. The theoretical model proposed in this paper is intended to clarify the factors as they are expected to affect the users’intention for each platform.

This study empirically examines the vulnerability of the community and the perception of the women’s safety culture in order to realize a community that is safe from disaster. The purpose of this paper is to analyze empirically the women’s perception on safety culture and community vulnerability to disasters. The analytical results are as follows. First, according to the safety awareness scores, women tended to have higher risk perception than men. Second, the safety awareness scores by disaster type indicated that their risk perception was highest for man-made disasters. Third, disaster vulnerabilities were mostly found in women's living space, decision-making, demand responsibility, information accessibility, caregiver role, body, and resource accessibility. In short, gender differences appeared in perception on safety culture and disaster vulnerability in decision-making field.

This study proposes alternatives for improving the conflict management system of local public corporations. The research methodology analyzed the awareness survey on the status of public conflicts in local public corporations in Korea. The analysis results are as follows. This research found a high level of interest in public conflicts in connection with local public corporations but a low level of awareness of the negative effects of public disputes. Conflicts involving local public corporations significantly negatively impact local communities and residents, requiring urgent resolution. As a priority strategy for government departments or local governments to resolve public conflicts, persuasion was the highest at 20.8%, followed by negotiations (18.0%), rewards (14.8%), legal and institutional adjustment (14.8%), and participation (14.2%). Local public corporations need to introduce and operate a cooperative conflict management system through consultation with local governments as soon as possible.

This study analyzes the change in people's perceptions of work and leisure during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors affecting it using data from public perception surveys conducted in 2021 and 2014. As analytical results, first, the orientation to balance work and leisure was increased in 2021 compared to 2014, resulting in a change in the public's perception of work and leisure. Second, in 2021, a higher education level and higher age indicated a higher orientation toward work-leisure balance. In addition, in terms of political ideology, progressives or conservatives were both more likely to pursue a balance between work and leisure than moderates. Third, in 2014, there was no difference in the work-leisure balance orientation according to the cohort, whereas in 2021— unlike the age effect— the low-age cohort showed a higher work-leisure balance orientation than the high-age cohort. This emphasizes the need for restructuring the system in accordance with the constraints of the environment during COVID-19 and the change in perception of the balance between work and leisure.

재난 상황 에서 다수에게 정보 전달을 위한 가장 효과적인 수단은 미디어다. 그러나 폭염은 인명 피해의 규모가 크고, 반복적으로 발생함에도 불구하고 미디어의 영향을 주제로 한 연구가 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 이에 본 연구는 폭염 재난에 대한 미디어의 효과를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 뉴스 영상을 활용한 실험 설문을 실시하였다. 실험 참가자는 뉴스 영상 내용에 따라 일화적 프레임, 주제적 프레임, 통제집단 중 하나의 집단에 무작위로 배정하였으며, 일원배치 분산분석을 통해 집단 간 차이를 확인하였 다. 분석 결과, 뉴스 영상에 노출된 집단은 뉴스 영상에 노출되지 않은 집단에 비해 위험 인식과 개인적 공감 점수가 낮게 나타났고, 폭염피해 원인을 사회에 있다고 판단하는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 일화적 프레임 집단이 주제적 프레임 집단보다 폭염 피해 원인이 개인이 아닌 환경에 있다고 판단하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 미디어가 수용자의 위험 인식, 개인적 공감 및 책임 귀인에 영향을 미치고 있음을 보여준 다. 이러한 결과는 미디어를 통한 재난 커뮤니케이션 전략수립에 시사점을 제공한다.

In disaster situations, the media is the most effective means of disseminating information to a large audience. However, despite the large-scale casualties and recurrence of heatwaves, research on the impact of media has been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the media's impact on heatwave disasters. To this end, an experimental survey using news footage was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups—episodic frame, thematic frame, or control—and group differences were tested using a one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the group exposed to the news video had lower risk perception and personal empathy scores than the group not exposed to the news video, and tended to attribute the heatwave damage to society. Furthermore, the anecdotal frame group was found to be more likely than the thematic frame group to attribute heatwave damage to the environment, rather than individuals. This demonstrates that the media influences audiences' risk perception, personal empathy, and attribution of responsibility. These results provide implications for developing disaster communication strategies through the media.

With the recent overall improvement in living standards, there has been a growing interest in individuals' quality of life and leisure, leading to an increase in the number of people visiting forest recreational facilities to enjoy health and relaxation. Accordingly, local governments responsible for forest planning need to actively promote forest development and the establishment of facilities that meet the demand for forest recreation among citizens. This study aims to propose improvement measures for forest recreational facilities by analyzing the usage behaviors and satisfaction levels of Incheon citizens based on their perceptions of forest recreation. The results of the Latent Class Analysis (LCA) classified perceptions of forest recreation into four types: multi-purpose recreation type, balanced relaxation type, daily use type, and passive use type. The multi-purpose recreation group actively participates in various forest activities, especially through sports, to find vitality. The balanced relaxation group values a balance between recreational activities and rest, while the daily use group enjoys forest recreation in a light and routine manner. Lastly, the passive use group shows relatively low interest in forest recreation. This study analyzed the differences in forest usage behaviors and satisfaction among these four types and proposed customized forest development strategies that reflect the diverse needs of citizens.

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for determine the relationship between Koreans' subjective body shape perception and weight control method in the intake of health functional food and exercise has an influencing factor. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study was a secondary data analysis study using raw data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS/WIN 21.0 program, and statistically significant results were presented. Findings: In subjective body shape perception, very obese was 7.7%, slightly overweight was 28.9%, very skinny was 12.3% and very skinny was 4.3%. The results of a correlation analysis of the recent experience with whether you have taken dietary supplements for 2 weeks or more in the past year, it was found that 60.1% of them were commonly, 58.4% of slightly overweight, and 56.4% of a little skinny people. Improvements/Applications: Based on this study, it was used as a guideline for education for a correct understanding of subjective body shape perception. In addition, it was intended to be used as a guideline for follow-up studies on guidelines for dietary intake and weight control methods.

관광목적지 이미지는 관광객들의 관광목적지 선택의 의사결정 과정에서 고려하는 중요한 요 인이다. 따라서 긍정적인 관광객의 관광목적지 이미지 확립은 관광목적지의 관광마케팅에서 관광매력성을 크게 증가시킬 수 있다. 2005년 이래로 중국에 입국하는 한국 관광객들이 꾸준 하게 증가하여 주요 방문국 중의 하나가 되었다. 2011년에는 중국 방문 한국 관광객 수는 4,185,400명을 기록함으로서 지금까지 최고를 기록하였다. 중국에서 가장 크고 번화한 항구도 시인 상하이에 한국 관광객들은 최대 관광국 3국 중 하나를 구성하고 있다. 한국 관광객들이 가져올 수 있는 잠재력이 크기 때문에 그들이 상하이에 관한 도시 이미지에 대해 어떻게 지각 하고 있는가를 연구하는 것은 중요하다고 하겠다. 본 연구는 연구대상으로 한국 관광객을 대 상으로 하여 확률표본추출방식과 실증연구조사기법을 사용한 결과 첫째, 한국 방문객들의 사 회 인구통계학 변수들은 부분적으로 그들이 지각하는 상하이의 이미지에 영향을 미치는 것으 로 나타났으며, 둘째, 그들이 지각하는 상하이의 이미지는 그들의 전반적인 만족도에 부분적으 로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 한국 방문객들의 상하이에 대한 전반적인 만족도에 영향을 미치는 이미지 각 속성들이 평가되었으며, 미래의 마케팅 전략이 논의되었다.

The research objectives of this study are firstly, to test whether visit times, traveling method, travel purpose, stay period, information sources, will significantly affect South Korean tourists’ image about Shanghai and secondly, to test whether gender, age, marital status, education level, income, occupation, will significantly affect South Korean tourists’ image about Shanghai and thirdly to test whether the factors of Shanghai’s city image will significantly affect the overall satisfaction of tourist visiting Shanghai. This research shows firstly that Shanghai is a destination for South Korean tourists to enjoy their leisure activities. Therefore, in order to attract more South Korean tourists, it is necessary to propagate Shanghai’s destination image through the travel agency. Secondly, Shanghai should focus on women around 40 to 50 years old and establishing a positive culture metropolis image could attract these kinds of consumers’ interesting. Thirdly, culture attributes of Shanghai’s destination image have the most influential effects on satisfaction and facilities environment attributes and the leisure attributes rank second and third. If managers could set a marketing strategy at the core of these attributes, it is beneficial to improve the tourist destination image of Shanghai.

The purpose of this study is to measure public perception of particulate matter. For accomplishing the research goal, we conducted survey and use various kinds of variables, such as severity, effect on health, disease, health problems, influencing factors, policies, and so on. The results of the survey can be summarized as follows. First, the severity of particulate matter was recognized as a serious problem and particulate matter had an adverse effect on their health. Second, with regard to the health problems caused by particulate matter, respiratory diseases accounted for 54.1%, and 42.0% of eye diseases and skin diseases was 30.7%. Third, the introduction of the total pollutant emission system was required to be equipped, especially for industrial complexes. Fourth, a mandatory introduction of a chimney automatic measuring device was required. Fifth, if public transportation is convenient and infrastructure is expanded, people are willing to use public transportation to reduce the occurrence of particulate matter. Sixth, people are willing to participate in a double-shift vehicle system to reduce the occurrence of particulate matter. Eighth, polluters should pay for a budget to implement a particulate matter management system.

감염병 위험에 대한 인식은 전염병이 확산되는 보행, 주거 환경, 보건 및 복지, 교육 등의 근린환경을 어떻게 인식하느냐에 따라 달라 질 수 있다. 그리고 사회적 교류와 신뢰는 일반적인 위험인식에 영향을 미치는 요인이지만, 전염공간으로 인식되는 근린환경에 따라 일반적인 위험인식과는 다른 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 근린환경 인식과 사회적 교류 및 신뢰가 감염병 위험인식에 미치는 영향을 다수준 순서형 로지스틱 회귀모형을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 초기와 중기·후기의 보행환경, 생활환경은 만족도가 높아질수록 위험인식을 증가시켰고, 교육환경 인식은 높아질수록 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 초기의 이웃 간 신뢰는 위험인식을 낮추었지만, 중기, 후기에는 위험인식을 높였다. 그러나 공공신뢰는 모든 시기에 감염병 위험인식을 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 본 연구의 정책적 시사점은 첫째, 시민생활과 밀접한 보행, 생활환경은 공원의 적절한 배치나 여분의 학교의 외부공간 활용 등으로 감염병 안전한 공간계획을 해야 하며, 둘째, 공공에서는 신뢰를 높일 수 있는 감염병 대응정 책이 필요하다.

Risk perceptions of infectious diseases vary depending on individuals’ perceptions of their neighborhood environments, such as walkability, living conditions, health and welfare services, and education, which are spaces where diseases can spread. Social interaction and trust influence overall risk perception, but their impact may vary in neighborhoods perceived as potential spaces for contagion. Therefore, we used multilevel ordered logistic models to analyze the effects of the neighborhood environment, social interaction, and trust on the risk perception of infectious diseases. The findings showed that, first, the walking environment and living environment in all periods increased risk perception as satisfaction increased, while educational environment decreased. Second, neighborhood trust initially reduced risk perception in the beginning period but later increased it in the middle and late periods, while public trust consistently lowered perception of infectious disease risk across all periods. The policy implications are that there should be planning for anti-pandemic walking and living environments, such as creating more parks or utilizing open spaces in schools. Additionally, public policies should aim to increase trust in infectious disease response measures.

This study applies Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Word2Vec-based semantic network analysis to explore the elements that contribute to the perception of Animal Crossing: New Horizons as a healing game. User comments were collected, with LDA used to extract latent topics and Word2Vec to analyze semantic associations among key terms. The analysis identified major themes such as gameplay immersion, resource crafting and settlement activities, emotional satisfaction, restoration of daily rhythms, and formation of social relationships. Word2Vec further revealed detailed emotional experiences and activity contexts around key terms like island, craft, relaxing, time, and people. The integrated findings confirmed that Animal Crossing fosters psychological stability and healing experiences across both structural (e.g., spatial creation, task routines) and emotional (e.g., relaxation, social bonding) dimensions. This study also highlights how LDA and Word2Vec can be complementarily applied to user-generated text analysis, demonstrating the methodological potential for expanding natural language processing-based approaches in game user experience research.