Earticle

This study was done to figure out how long-term athletics training done by adolescent with mental retardation affects physical fitness, neurotransmitter and stress hormone. 7 male adolescent were chosen for the subjects, who are with mental retardation and haven't taken part in special exercise program, attending specialized high school in G-gun, Jeollanam-do. The athletics program was done consistently for 30 weeks as follows; 5 times a week(from Monday to Friday), which was 60 minutes exercise program at an intensity of 45-75%HRmax for the first four weeks in the playground, 90 minutes exercise program at an intensity of 55-85%HRmax for the following 5 to 15 weeks in the playground and 120 minutes exercise program at an intensity of 55-85%HRmax for the following 16 to 30 weeks in the local track-and-field stadium. Blood collection and measuring physical fitness was done before exercise, 15 weeks afterwards, and 30 weeks after exercise when the subjects were in a steady state. Results are as follows. Physical fitness in doing sit-up, push-up, trunk forward flexion(p<.01) and grip strength(p<.05) was improved meaningfully due to long-term athletics training, which was effective in increasing muscle endurance, developing flexibility and strengthening muscles. Additionally, serotonin, which is neurotransmitter, decreased meaningfully(p<.01) after 30 weeks exercise program and cortisol, which is stress hormone, increased meaningfully(p<.05) after 30 weeks exercise program.

본 연구는 45세 이상 중년 여성을 대상으로 실전태권도 호신술트레이닝이 신체조성과 기초체력에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대상자들은 대조군(CG)과 실전태권도 호신술트레이닝군(RTSTG)으로 나누어 12주간의 훈련을 받았다. 신체 조성을 분석한 결과 체중, 신장, 체지방량, 제지방량, 체질량지수에서는 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았지만 체지방률에서는 유의한 차이(p<.05)가 나타났다. 또한, 실전태권도 호신술 트 레이닝은 푸쉬업, 배근력, 사이드스텝, 서전트점프, 신체효율지수 등의 체력 요소들에서 유의한 증가(p<.05)를 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 중년 여성들에게 실전태권도 호신술트레이닝이 기초체력 개선에 도움을 줄 수 있는 효과적인 운동 방법임을 시사한다. 따라서 이 연구는 중년 여성들을 위한 체력 및 자기방어 향상을 위한 실전태권도 호신술트레이닝의 가치를 제시하고 있다.

This study investigated the effects of real Taekwondo self-defense training on body composition and basic fitness among women aged 45 and above. The participants were divided into a control group (CG) and a real Taekwondo self-defense training group (RTSTG), and they underwent 12 weeks of training. Measurements of body composition and fitness were analyzed, and the results showed no significant changes in body composition factors such as weight, BMI, fat mass, and lean body mass. However, a significant difference was observed in body fat percentage. Moreover, the real Taekwondo self-defense training group demonstrated significant improvements in fitness components, including push-ups, back strength, side step, sargent jump, and body efficiency index. These findings suggest that real Taekwondo self-defense training can be an effective exercise method for improving basic fitness among middle-aged women. Therefore, this study highlights the value of real Taekwondo self-defense training for enhancing fitness and self-defense capabilities among middle-aged women.

본 연구는 12주간의 태권도 수련프로그램 참여한 노인의 신체 구성과 기초체력에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 대상자는 K지역 D시에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인 20 명에게 1주일 동안 3회에 걸쳐 60분씩 12주간 수련프로그램에 참여하도록 하였으며, 대상자들의 운동 전과 운동 후를 비교하였다. 분석은 SPSS 통계프로그램을 활용하여 Paired t-test를 진행하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 12주간 태권도 수련프로그램을 신체 구성에서 적용하였을 때, 제지방률이 낮아진 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 둘째, 12주간 태권도 수련프로그램을 기초체력에 적용하여 진행했을 때, 긍정적인 효과가 나타났다. 셋째, 12주간 태권도 수련프로그램을 적용하여 평형성(눈 감고/눈 뜨고 외발 서기) 측정에서도 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 얻었다. 결과적으로 12주간의 태권도 수련프로그램을 노인들에게 적용하는 경우, 노인들의 신체구성은 물론 기초 체력을 강화시킬 뿐 아니라 평형성에도 긍정적인 효과 가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 아마도 태권도 프로그램에 참여함으로써 신체리듬이 달라지면서 일상생활의 활력을 가져온 것으로 설명될 수 있다. 반면, 도시지역의 노인들만을 대상으로 연구가 진행되었기 때문에 표본의 일반화에 한계가 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of participating in a 12-week taekwondo training program on the physical composition and basic fitness of the elderly. The subjects of this study were 20 senior citizens aged 65 or older living in D, K-region. The exercise program was conducted for 60 minutes at the frequency of 3 times a week for 12 weeks with 10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of main exercise and 10 minutes of finishing exercise in compliance with the recommended amount of exercise presented in the ACSM. The analysis before and after exercise was conducted using SPSS 18.0. The conclusions from this study through the above procedures and methods are as follows. First, after 12 weeks of taekwondo training program, the body composition showed that the fat rate had improved. Second, after the application of the 12-week taekwondo training program, I could see that there were significant results in basic physical strength. Third, after 12 weeks of taekwondo training program, it was found that there were significant results in equilibrium (eyes and unicycle). In summing up the above partial results, it can be concluded that the 12-week taekwondo training program has had some positive effects on body composition, basic physical strength and equilibrium. However, it is considered desirable to conduct additional research on senior citizens in farming and fishing villages in the future because it is difficult to generalize the data since it is targeted at senior citizens in urban areas.

본 연구의 목적은 엘리트 선수들의 기초체력과 전문체력이 스포츠수행전략에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 제주특별자치도 지역스포츠과학센터에서 기초 및 전문체력 측정을 받은 중고등, 일반선수 총 249명이며, 조사도구와 자료처리는 다음과 같이 진행하였다. 기초체력은 근력, 근지구력, 근파워, 민첩성, 유연성 등 5가지이며, 전문 체력은 무산소성 운동능력으로 피로지수, 평균파워, 최고파워 등을 측정하였다. 각 체력 수준은 카조리 5단계 등급으로 평가하였으며, 스포츠수행전략은 설문지를 사용하였다. 자료처리는 연구의 목적에 맞게 IBM SPSS 26.0 통계프로그램 을 사용하여 기술, 빈도, 신뢰도, 일원변량분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민첩성을 제외하 고 근력, 근지구력, 근파워, 유연성의 기초체력 수준에 따라 스포츠수행전략 하위요인들에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 최고파워를 제외하고, 피로지수와 평균파워에서 전문체력 수준에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 기초체력에 서 근력은 혼잣말, 심상과 목표설정, 컨디션조절에 부적 영향을, 근지구력은 혼잣말에 정적 영향을, 근파워는 심상과 목표 설정에 정적 영향, 긴장풀기에서 부적 영향을, 민첩성은 감정조절과 컨디션조절에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 유연성은 스포츠수행전략 모든 하위요인에서 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 전문체력에서는 피로지수가 심상과 목표설정에 부적으로 영향을 미쳤고, 최고파워가 긴장풀기에 부적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of elite athletes' basic fitness and professional fitness on sports performance strategy. The subjects of the study were a total of 249 middle and high school and general athletes who received basic and professional physical fitness measurements at the Jeju Sports Science Center. Basic fitness was divided into five categories: strength, muscular endurance, power, agility, and flexibility. Professional fitness was anaerobic exercise ability, and fatigue index, average power, and maximum power were measured. Each level of physical fitness was evaluated on a 5-level Cajori scale, and a questionnaire was used for sports performance strategies. For data processing, IBM SPSS 26.0 statistical program was used to conduct description, frequency, reliability, one-way ANOVA and regression analysis according to the purpose of the study, and the results are as follows. First, it was except for agility found that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-factors of sports performance strategy according to the level of basic fitness. Second, it was except for peak power found that there was a statistically significant difference in the sub-factors of sports performance strategy according to the level of professional fitness. Third, strength had a negative effect on self-talk, imagery-goal setting, and conditioning, and muscular endurance had a positive effect on self-talk. Power had a positive effect on imagery and goal setting, and had a negative effect on relaxation. Agility was found to have a positive effect on emotional regulation and conditioning. Also, flexibility was found to have a positive effect on all sub-factors of sports performance strategy. In professional fitness, the fatigue index had a negative effect on imagery-goal setting, and the peak power had a negative effect on tension-relaxation.

본 연구의 목적은 여자 실업팀 핸드볼선수들을 대상으로 국내 코로나19가 확산되는 기간 전, 후로 무릎관절의 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력의 전문체력과 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성 등의 기초체력을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 무릎관절의 각근력을 측정한 결과 왼쪽 무릎관절 굴근력이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 또한 무산소성 파워에서 최대파워와 피크 드롭은 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 그러나 기초체력에서 체중, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성을 측정한 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다 (p > .05). 이러한 결과들을 미루어 볼 때 코로나19로 인한 운동 중지는 핸드볼 선수들에게 근력과 무산소성 파워에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 이에 코로나19에 대응한 적절한 운동 프로그램 개발과 집 기반으로 복합적으로 실시할 수 있는 훈련 가이드를 제시할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다.

The purpose of this study was to compare female business team handball players before and during the period when domestic Corona19 was developed, that comparative analysis of isokinetic muscle function, anaerobic power, basic fitness such as muscular strength, muscle endurance, power, agility, and flexibility. As a result of measuring the angular strength of the knee joint, it was found that the flexor strength of the left knee joint was statistically significantly reduced(p < .05). Also, the anaerobic power showed a statistically significant decrease in the maximum power and the peak drop(p < .05). But as a result of measuring body weight, muscle strength, muscular endurance, quickness, agility, and flexibility in basic fitness, there was no statistically significant difference(p > .05). Based on these results, the suspension of exercise due to Corona19 is believed to have affected the muscle strength and anaerobic power of handball players. I need for research that can develop an appropriate exercise program in response to Corona 19 and present a training guide that can be carried out complexly on a home basis.

본 연구의 목적은 12주간의 복합운동프로그램이 여자 필드하키 선수의 하지 근기능, 무산소성 파워 및 기초체력을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상자는 여자 필드하키선수로 각 그룹별 운동그룹 14명, 통제그룹 14명이다. 평가 항목은 무릎관절의 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력, 기초체력으로 진행하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 22.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하였고, 통계적 유의수준 α=.05로 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 하지의 오른쪽 무릎관절 굴근력(% BW)을 확인한 결과 운동그룹은 운동 전 보다 운동 후에 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 무산소성 운동능력에 대한 결과를 보면 최대파워(p<.05), 평균파워(p<.01), 전체에너지(p<.05)에서 운동그룹이 운동 전 보다 운동 후에 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력의 결과를 보면 악력(운동그룹: p <.05, 통제그룹: p<.01), 사이드스텝(p<.05), 체후굴(운동그룹: p<.001, 통제그룹: p<.01)이 두 그룹에서 운동 전 보다 운동 후에 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 윗몸일으키기(p<.05), 반복점프(p<.05), 체전굴(p<.05), 평형성(p<.01)이 운동그룹에서 운동 전 보다 운동 후 유의하게 증가하였으며, 협응력은 운동그룹에서 운동 전 보다 운동 후 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 반응시간은 통제그룹에서 운동 전 보다 운동 후 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 12주간 실시한 복합 운동프로그램은 여자 필드하키 선수들의 경기력 향상에 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났으며, 체계적인 훈련 프로그램을 위해 세심한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the isokinetic muscle function, anaerobic power, and basic fitness of female field hockey players during a 12-week complex exercise program. The subjects participated 14 exercise group (TG) and 14 control group (CON). Test included isokinetic muscle function of the knee joint, anaerobic power, basic fitness. The data obtained through the experiment used SPSS 22.0 program and significance level was set at α=.05. In this study, the right knee joint flexor strength(%BW) was significantly increased in exercise group. Anaerobic power showed that the exercise group significantly decreased in peak power (p<.05), average power (p<.01), total energy (p<.05). Basic fitness showed that grip strength (TG: p<.05, CON: p<.01), side step (p<.05), trunk backward extension (TG: p<.001, CON: p<.01) significantly increased in both groups. Sit-up (p<.05), Repetition jump (p<.05), trunk forward flexion (p<.05), balance (p<.01) significantly increased in exercise group and coordination significantly decreased in exercise group (p<.05). Reaction time significantly increased in control group (p<.05). The 12-week complex exercise program was found in improving the performance and is expected to be used as detailed basic data for a systematic training program.

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 SAQ(Speed-Agility-Quickness) 검사가 스포츠 현장에서 등속성 근기능 장비를 대신해 선수 들의 퍼포먼스를 간접적으로 예측할 수 있는 간편한 검사로 활용될 수 있는지 분석하는 것이다. [방법] SAQ 검사를 진행한 후 5점 척도 규범 데이터를 기반으로 점수를 부여하였고, SAQ 수준에 따라 상위그룹(High score group, HSG), 중위그룹(Middle score group, MSG), 하위그룹(Lower score group, LSG) 총 세 그룹으로 할당하였다. [결과] 신체구성 에서 전반적으로 LSG가 열등한 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력에서 좌전굴 및 배근력은 HSG와 MSG가 LSG보다, 악력의 상댓값 및 제자리 높이 뛰기는 HSG가 LSG보다, 제자리 멀리 뛰기 및 윗몸 일으키기는 HSG와 MSG가 LSG보다, 윗몸 일으켜 메디신볼 던지기는 HSG가 MSG와 LSG보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 무릎 등속성 근기능 검사에서는 60°/sec 에서 HSG가 가장 우수하였고, 240°/sec에서는 LSG가 전반적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 허리 등속성 근기능 검사 에서 HSG가 LSG보다 신근의 상댓값이 높은 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 본 연구의 결과는 SAQ 검사가 등속성 근기능 장비를 대체할 수 있는 하나의 근거로 활용될 수 있으며, 스포츠 현장에서 운동수행능력을 효율적으로 측정할 수 있 는 간단한 필드 테스트로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the Speed-Agility-Quickness (SAQ) test can be utilized as a convenient assessment tool to indirectly predict the performance of athletes in sports field instead of expensive isokinetic equipment. [Method] The SAQ test consisted of 30m sprint and illinois agility tests and its scores were assigned using a 5-point scale based on normative data. Participants were divided into three groups: High score group (HSG), Middle score group (MSG), and Low score group (LSG) based on SAQ test results. [Result] Flexibility, relative value of back muscular strength were found to be higher in the HSG and MSG compared to the LSG. Relative value of grip strength, standing long jump, sargent jump and sit-up were found to be higher in the HSG compared to the LSG. Isokinetic muscle function at 60 and 240°/sec was significantly higher in the HSG than in the other groups. In the isokinetic trunk muscle function at 30°/sec, the HSG exhibited higher relative value of extension peak torque compared to the LSG. [Conclusion] The results of this study suggest that the SAQ test might be utilized as evidence to replace expensive isokinetic equipment in sports field, and it might serve as a simple field test to efficiently measure athletic performance.

본 연구는 중학교 축구선수를 대상으로 코어트레이닝 방법에 따른 체력과 기본기술 수행능력의 차이를 알아보기 위해 코어트레이닝 2개 그룹과 개인훈련 1개 그룹으로 나누어서 8주간 주3회 실시하여 체력과 기본기술 수행능력을 차 이를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 집단 내 체력의 경우, ACTG은 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성에서, PCTG은 근지구력, 민첩성, 유연성에서, DCTG은 근력, 민첩성, 유연성에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 집단 간 체력에서는 근지구력, 순 발력, 민첩성, 유연성, 평형성이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 집단 내 기본기술 수행능력의 경우, ACTG은 킥 거리, 슈팅 정확도, 슈팅 스피드에서, PCTG은 슈팅 정확도에서, DCTG은 슈팅 스피드, 드리블에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 집단 간 기본기술 수행능력에서는 킥 거리, 슈팅 정확도, 스피드, 드리블에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이 가 나타났다. 이상을 종합해보면 코어트레이닝은 중학교 축구선수들에게 체력과 기본기술 수행능력을 향상 시키는 측 면에서 유용한 효과를 줄 수 있다고 생각되며, 중학교 축구선수의 경기력 향상과 부상 예방에 효과적인 트레이닝 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in physical fitness and basic skill performance after 8-week core training of middle school soccer players. Two core training groups and one personal training group were divided to have training three times a week, for 8 weeks, to examine their physical fitness and ability to perform basic skills. As a result of physical fitness, ACTG showed significant differences in muscular endurance, power and agility, PCTG showed significant differences in muscular endurance, agility and flexibility, and DCTG showed significant differences in strength, agility and flexibility. In terms of physical fitness among the groups, there was a significant difference in muscular endurance, power, agility, flexibility, and balance. In relation to basic skill performance, ACTG showed significant differences in kick distance, shooting accuracy, and shooting speed. PCTG showed significant differences only in shooting accuracy, and DCTG showed significant differences in shooting speed and dribble. When it comes to basic skill performance among groups, there was a statistically significant difference in kick distance, shooting accuracy, speed, and dribble. In conclusion, core training is thought to be effective in enhancing physical fitness and ability to perform basic skills for middle school soccer players, and it is expected to be an effective training method for improving the game performance of middle school soccer players and preventing injuries.

본 연구는 장기간의 무용프로그램 참여가 아동들의 기초체력(근력, 지구력, 유연성, 평형성, 순발력, 민첩성)과 자 아존중감(총체적, 사회적, 가정에서의, 학교에서의 자아존중감) 및 주의집중력에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이었 다. 연구 참여에 동의한 총 30명의 지역아동센터 아동들은 실험집단(n=15) 또는 통제집단(n=15)에 무선(random) 으로 할당되었다. 실험집단은 12주 동안, 주 2회, 회당 60분을 지속하는 무용프로그램에 참여하였다. 두 집단의 평균값 비교를 위해 SPSS WIN Version 22.0K 프로그램을 이용하여 사전검사 값을 공변인으로 하는 공분산분석 (Analysis of Covariance)을 실시하여 다음의 결과들을 도출하였다. 첫째, 실험집단의 아동들은 통제집단의 아동들 에 비해 근력, 유연성, 평형성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 실험집단의 아동들은 통제집단의 아동들에 비해 총체적 자아존중감과 학교에서의 자아존중감이 더 높았다. 셋째, 실험집단의 아동들은 통제집단의 아동들에 비해 주의집중력이 더 높았다. 따라서 12주간 무용프로그램은 지역아동센터 아동들의 기초체력과 자아존중감 및 인지 기능에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 결론에 도달하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic dance program on basic physical fitness (strength, endurance, flexibility, balance, power, agility), self-esteem (overall, social, at home, in school), and concentration (cognition function) in children. A total of thirty subjects in a local children center were randomly assigned to one of two groups, experimental (n=15) or control (n=15) group. The experimental group participated in the dance program which was scheduled for 12 weeks, two times a week, and sixty-minutes for each session. The data obtained from each measure were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance, respectively. The results of data analysis showed that the experimental group performed significantly better in the strength, the flexibility, the balance, the overall self-esteem and the self-esteem at school, and the concentration compared to those of the control group. It was concluded that the participation of 12 weeks of dance program can improve basic physical fitness, self-esteem, and cognition function in children.

본 연구의 목적은 학생들이 신체 구성(키, 몸무게, 체지방 비율)과 기초체력(폐 용량, 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 민첩 성, 폭발적인 근력)을 측정하고자 하는 대학에 있었습니다. 데이터는 기술 통계량과 일원 분산 분석을 사용하여 분석되었 습니다. 경기도에 소재한 A대학교 대학생들을 대상으로 비교 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 신체 구성(키, 몸무게, 체지방 률)이 모두 유의미한 차이를 보이고 있다(P>.05). 기초체력(폐활량, 근력, 근지구력, 민첩성, 폭발적 근력)에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다(P>.05). 그러나 유연성 측정에서는 유의미한 차이가 없다고 나타났다. 가장 높게 측정된 신체 구성과 기초 체력은 예체능대학 학생들이었으며, 인문사회대학 학생들이 가장 작은 체격과 체력을 보여주었으며, 또한 연약한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 다양한 요소의 신체 구성과 연구의 기초체력을 고려하여 각 사용자의 신체에 맞는 운동 처방 프로 그래밍을 수행해야 한다.

The purpose of this study was at a university where students wanted to measure body composition (height, weight, body fat ratio) and basic physical strength (lung capacity, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, and explosive muscle strength). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. The results of a comparative analysis of university students at A University in Gyeonggi-do are as follows. Body composition (height, weight, and body fat rate) all show significant differences (P>.05). There was a significant difference in basic physical strength (lung capacity, muscle strength, muscle endurance, agility, and explosive muscle strength) (P>.05). However, there was no significant difference in flexibility measurement. The highest measured body composition and basic physical strength were students from the College of Arts and Physical Education, and students from the College of Humanities and Social Sciences showed the smallest physique and physical strength, and were also found to be weak. In conclusion, exercise prescription programming suitable for each user's body should be performed in consideration of the body composition of various elements and the basic physical strength of the study.

본 연구는 여자대학축구선수들을 대상으로 포지션별 등속성 근기능과 기초체력을 비교하였다. 총 35명을 대상으 로 무릎관절 등속성 근기능, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성, 무산소성파워 등의 기초체력을 평가하였다. 포지션 별로 차이를 검증하기 위해 일원배치분산분석을 실시하였으며, 사후검증은 Scheffe로 실시하였다. 등속성 무릎관절 근 력 측정 결과에서 왼쪽 신근력(p<.05)과 굴근력(p<.01) 모두 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 오른쪽 굴근력도 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 또한 등속성 무릎관절 평균파워 측정 결과, 오른쪽 굴근 평균파워에서 공격수가 수비수 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 기초체력 측정결과, 공격수는 수비수(p<.001)와 미드필더(p<.01) 보다 서전트 점프가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 공격수는 미드필더 보다 사이드스텝 횟수가 더 많은 것으 로 나타났다(p<.01). 또한 무산소성 파워 측정결과, 무산소성 최대파워(p<.05)와 체중당 최대파워(p<.05) 모두 공격수 가 미드필드 보다 높게 나타났으며, 체중당 최대파워는 공격수가 수비수 보다 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 결론적으로, 본 연구는 여자축구선수들이 포지션에 따라 하지 근기능과 기초체력에 차이가 있음을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to compare isokinetic muscle function of knee joint and basic physical fitness in female soccer player according to the position. The subjects of this study were 35 women. They were measured on the isokinetic muscular function of the knee joint, muscle strength, muscle endurance, muscle power, flexibility, anaerobic power. A one-way ANOVA was applied to three groups (striker, defender, midfielder)and post-hoc test was used Scheffe. The results obtained from the study are as follows. First, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender at the extensor and flexor function of the left (p<.05) and flexor function of the right (p<.01). Second, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender on the average power at the flexor of the right (p<.05). Third, this study was significantly higher the striker than the defender and midfielder on the standing vertical jump (p<.05). Also, the side-step test of striker group were significantly higher than the midfielder(p<.01). Finally, the anaerobic peak power and anaerobic peak power of body weight test of striker group were significantly higher than the midfielder (p<.05). Also, anaerobic peak power of body weight test of striker group were significantly higher than the defender(p<.05). In conclusion, this study was suggested that the female soccer players were showed differences in isokinetic muscle function of lower extremity and basic physical fitness according to the position.

본 연구는 서울시에서 제시하는 어린이 신체활동 늘리기 프로그램을 제공하고 25주간 운동프로그램을 실시하여 어린이 의 신체구성에 미치는 영향 및 기초체력(근지구력, 유연성, 평형성, 민첩성, 순발력)의 변화를 비교하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 4세 이상 6세 이하의 어린이 총358명을 대상으로 운동그릅 182명 통제그룹 176명으로 나누어 실시하였다. 본 연구 에서 얻은 데이터는 SPSS PC⁺ for window version 23.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 모든 변인에 대한 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였다. 집단간의 차이검증은 두 집단간의 사전값에서 차이가 나타나기 때문에 사전검사 값을 공변량(covariate)으로 하는 공분산분석(ANCOVA)으로 실시하였다. 또한, 모든 통계적인 유의수준(α)은 .05로 설 정하였다. 25주간의 어린이 신체활동 늘리기 프로그램이 유연성, 근지구력, 평형성, 민첩성은 전반적으로 향상되는 것 이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 25주 간의 어린이 신체활동 늘리기 프로그램이 어린이 기초체력 향상에 좋은 방안임을 나타낸다. 그러나 순발력 관련 능력에는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이는 어린이 신체활동 늘리기 프로그램에 순발 력 향상을 위한 운동프로그램이 보안 및 추가개발 되어야 함을 나타낸다. 나아가 어린이들의 기초체력 향상을 위하여 지속적인 운동을 실시할 수 있도록 관리되어야 하며, 연구개발 되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of the study is to provide programs to increase the physical activity of children between the ages of 4 and 6 in Seoul and conduct programs for 25 weeks to investigate the impact, The subjucts of the study were 358 children aged 4 to 6, divided into 182 exercise groups and 176 controls. The Seoul Metropolitan Government provided and exercise program to increase physical activity after 25 weeks of pre-testing. The data obtained in this study were analyzed using th SPSS PC+ for window version 23.0 statistical program. and the mean and standard deviation were calculated for all variables. Differences between groups were tested with covariates (ANCOVA) using the pre-examination values as covariates because they showed differences in th dictionary values between the two groups. In addition, all statistical significance levels (α) are set to .05. The results showed that the group of exercises overall improved flexibility, muscle endurance, balance and agility. However, there was no significant difference in the ability to produce net power. This requires security and additional development of exercise programs to enhance the net power of children's physical activities. Furthermore, continuous exercise should be managed in order to improve children's basic physical strength and research and development.

본 연구는 G도 소재 실업팀 여자 핸드볼 선수 10명 대상으로 플라이오메트릭 트레이닝의 효과 검정을 위해 실시되 었으며, 신체조성, 기초체력, 하지 등속성 근 기능을 측정하였다. 자료분석은 Shapiro-Wilk 검정을 통해 정규성 검정을 실시하였고, 이후 대응표본 t-검정(Paired t-test)을 사용하여 전-후의 차이를 확인하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준(α)은 .05 로 설정하였다. 본 연구 결과는 체중과 체질량지수는 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았고, 체지방량은 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 근력, 근지구력(p<.05)과 순발력(p<.01)은 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났으며, 유연성은 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 등속성 근력에서는 60°/sec에서 좌-우측 신근, 굴근 모두에서 유의하게 증가하였으며(p<.05), 180°/sec 근파워에서는 좌-우측 모두 신근에서 유의하게 증가하였으며(p<.05) 굴근에서 또한 좌측(p<.01)과 우측 (p<.001) 모두에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 추후 연구에서는 유연성 및 더욱 다양한 신체기능의 향상을 목적으로 연구를 진행할 것을 제언한다.

This study investigated the effects of an 8-week plyometric training program on 10 female semi-professional handball players in G Province. Body composition, basic physical fitness, and lower limb isokinetic muscle function were assessed. Normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and paired t-tests were applied to examine pre- and post-training differences (α=.05). Body weight and BMI showed no significant changes, while body fat mass increased (p<.05). Muscle strength, endurance (p<.05), and explosive power (p<.01) improved significantly, whereas flexibility remained unchanged. Isokinetic testing revealed significant gains in quadriceps and hamstrings at 60°/sec (p<.05) and in muscle power at 180°/sec (quadriceps: p<.05; hamstrings: left p<.01, right p<.001). These findings suggest that plyometric training effectively enhances strength, power, and neuromuscular coordination in female handball players, with limited effects on flexibility.

The purpose of this study is to analyze effects of self-efficacy on basic physical fitness when school students regularly participate behind after-school; it also had an objective to implement fundamental recourses and definite training methods to improve their physical self-efficacy and basic physical fitness for children. The subjects in this study were 54 students in four classes of sixth-grade from D elementary school in Won-Ju. The experimental group was allowed to set up specific goals by student, and the control group was asked to attain the same goals presented by their teacher. children was utilized to measure the task and ego orientation in physical education classes. Another Korean version of physical self-efficacy scale was used to measure perceived physical self-efficacy and physical self-expression efficacy. children was utilized to measure the basic physical fitness for children. For example, sit-up, short distance runnig , long distance running and a standing long jump. For goal-setting, Yoo’s (2000) and Locke’s(1968) ladder goal-setting form was used to help subjects divide their goals into various stages of objectives. After its application, t-test was given to know the data processing method of verification on significance of each group.

본 연구의 목적은 단기간 운동이 뇨 성분 및 기초체력에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 G광역시 소재 남자대학생 9명을 대상으로 선정하였다. 독립변인은 0주 운동참여 전·후와 3주 후 운동참여 전·후이다. 대상자들은 0주 생체전기 저항분석기를 이용하여 체구성과 1RM을 측정하였고 측정된 1RM에 따라 3주간 구성된 웨이트 트레이닝을 주 5회(월,화, 수,목,금), 각 1시간씩 실시하였다. 웨이트 트레이닝 종료 10분 후 선행연구를 바탕으로 전문가와 함께 구성한 배구트레이 닝을 각 3시간씩 실시하였다. 웨이트 트레이닝은 운동초보자임을 감안하여 각 부위별로 1주는 7RM, 주 5회 3세트 12회, 2-3주는 6RM으로 주 5회 3세트 8회를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 뇨 성분인 비중과 수소이온농도는 3주 운동 후 유의한 차를 나타냈다. 이상의 연구결과는 대학생들의 단기간 운동이 뇨 중 SG와 PH에 영향을 주어 체수분 평형과 기초체력 중 유연성 증가에만 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력은 3주 운동 후 유연성 측정방법인 좌전굴에 서만 유의한 차를 나타냈다. 이에 운동 초보자가 운동 프로그램에 참여할 때는 체내 수분 균형에 주의해야 하며, 기초체력 향상을 위해서는 장기간 운동프로그램에 참여해야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term exercise on urinary components and basic physical fitness of 9 male college students at the University of Education in G Metropolitan City. The independent variables were before and after the 0week exercise and after the 3-week exercise. The subjects were measured by using a 0week bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) and the weight training was conducted for 3 weeks according to the measured 1RM, 5 times a week, for 1 hour each. Ten minutes after weight training, volleyball training organized with experts was conducted for three hours exch based on prior research. Considering that weight training is a beginner of exercise, 1 week per part was 7RM, 5 times a week, 3 times a week, 12 times a week, 2-3 weeks 6RM, 5 times a week, 3 times a week, 8 times a week. The results of this study are as follows: The proportion of urinary components and hydrogen ion concentration showed significant difference after 3 weeks of exercise. After three weeks of exercise, basic physical strength showed a significant difference only in the left-hand side, which is a method of measuring flexibility. As a result, it was found that beginners should be careful about the balance of moisture in the body when participating in exercise programs, and that they should participate in exercise programs for a long time to improve their basic physical strength.

본 연구에서는 고등학교 배구선수를 대상으로 성별에 따른 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력 및 기초체력을 비교 하였다. 연구대상자는 여자 10명과 남자 12명이었으며, 이들을 대상으로 무릎관절 등속성 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력, 근력, 근지구력, 순발력, 민첩성, 유연성 등을 평가하였다. 성별에 따른 차이를 검증하기 독립표본 t-test를 실시하였다. 등속성 무릎관절 근력 결과, 왼쪽 신근력(p < .001)과 오른쪽 신근력(p < .001), 왼쪽 굴근력(p < .001)과 오른쪽 굴근력 (p < .001) 모두 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 오른쪽 무릎관절 굴/신 비율도 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다(p < .05). 무산소성파워 결과, 최대파워(p < .001), 평균파워(p < .001), 전체에너지(p < .01) 모두 여자선수가 남자선수 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 기초체력 결과, 남자선수는 여자선수 보다 서전트 점프(p < .001), 배근력(p < .001), 윗몸일으키기(p < .05)가 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 여자선수는 남자선수 보다 반복점프(p < .01), 사이드스텝(p < .001), 눈감고 외발서기(p < .05), 체전굴(p < .01)과 체후굴(p < .05)에서 높은 것으로 나타났 다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 고등학교 배구선수들은 성별에 따른 하지 근기능, 무산소성 운동능력, 기초체력에 차이가 있음 을 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study was to compare isokinetic muscle function of knee joint, anaerobic exercise ability, and basic physical fitness in volleyball players according to the gender. The subjects of this study were 10 women and 12 men. They were measured on the isokinetic muscular function of the knee joint, anaerobic exercise ability, muscle strength, muscle endurance, power, agility, flexibility. Independent t-test was applied to two groups. This study was significantly lower the women than the men on the extensor function of the left (p < .001) and the right (p < .001), flexor function of the left (p < .001) and the right (p < .001) knee joint in the 60 °/sec. Also, it was showed that H/Q ratio lower the women than the men in the right side (p < .05). This study was significantly lower the women than the men on the peak power (p < .001), average power (p < .001), and total energy (p < .01). This study was significantly higher the men than the women on the standing vertical jump (p < .001), back strength (p < .001), and sit-up (p < .05). However, this study was significantly higher the women than the men on the repetition jump (p < .01), sidestep test (p < .001), single leg stance (p < .05), trunk forward flexion (p < .01) and backward flexion (p < .05). In conclusion, this study was suggested that the volleyball players were showed differences in isokinetic muscle function of lower extremity, anaerobic exercise ability, and basic physical fitness according to the gender.

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effect of an obesity control program on the body composition and basic physical fitness of middle school students. Followings are the research questions of this study: First, How does an obesity control program affect the obese students’ body composition? Second, how does the obesity control program affect the obese students’ basic physical fitness? To achieve the purpose, 51 students of J middle school applied to this obesity control program but 45 students(boys; 27, girls; 184) were chosen as the research participants. The pre- and post-assessments on the data were conducted to estimate the change of the participants’ body composition and physical fitness. The matched t-test was conducted to reveal the significance of the test result. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the efficiency of the groups, and the Scheffé test was followed. The conclusions were as follows; First, the group that started exercise therapy after a 2-week adaption to the reduced repast showed a more effective result on the body composition than the one that started the exercise therapy and a reduced repast at the same time. Second, the group that started the exercise therapy after a 2-week adaption to the reduced repast showed more enhanced quickness and stamina than the other group. However, the group that started the exercise therapy and reduced repast at the same time showed more physical flexibility.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistance, detraining and retraining on body composition, basic physical fitness and muscular strength restoration. The subjects were 25 healthy young male university students of 20 year-old. They performed muscular progressive resistance training for 12 weeks, detraining for 8 weeks and retraining for 12 weeks. Young males conducted a resistance training program for 90 minutes a day, 4 days per week. Data analyzing method was One-way repeated ANOVA(contrast) using PASW(ver 15.0 SPSS). The effects on body composition and physical fitness test and maximal muscular strength were measured each period. In the %fat, 12 weeks resistance training appeared significantly lower than that of retraining. In the physical fitness test, back strength and grip strength(R) of resistance retraining appeared significantly higher than that of pre- and detraining. And grip strength(L) of resistance retraining appeared significantly higher than that of detraining and detraining appeared significantly higher than that of pre-. Sit and reach of retraining appeared significantly higher than that of pre-, resistance training, and detraining. Also, sargent jump, reaction time and standing on one leg with eyes closed, resistance retraining appeared significantly improvement with pre- and detraining. In the 1-RM, dead lift of resisitance retraining appeared significantly higher than that of detraining. And bench press of resistance retraining appeared significantly higher than that of detraining. From these results, it was suggested that 12 weeks of resistance training may expected in keep the body healthy and improvement of physical fitness with respect to decrease of %fat, increase of physical fitness and 1-RM. In addition, detraining brought a negative result for body composition and fitness, but suggested that retraining after suitable rest could induced to positive physiological change.