Earticle

Sawdust bag cultivation was performed to understand the effect of different sawdust substrate (Quercus mongolica, Q. acutissima, Q. serrata, Q. aliena, and Q. variabilis) on the eight variety of shiitake (Poongnyunko, SANJO 701, Mori 436ho, Sanlim 10ho, Chilha 6ho, Yoogiro, Baekwhahyang, Charmaram). After inoculation, sawdust substrate block (2 kg) was cultivated at 22°C for 120 days. During the production period, the temperature was adjusted to 18°C and the relative humidity at 90%. The yield was calculated based on the fruit bodies from the first, second and third flush. As results, Poongnyunko yielded 455 g on the substrate, Q. serrata, 378 g on Q. aliena, and 333 g on Q. variabilis. Chilha 6ho yielded 304 g on Q. mongolica and Charmaram yielded 245 g on Q. acutissima. The average weight of mushrooms from Charmaram was 40-45 g on all five substrates and Q. variabilis was the best among them. In terms of phenotypic characteristics, Chilha 6ho was generally better than the others. Charmaram, Poongnyunko, Sanlim 10ho also had good characteristics. Mori 436ho, Yoogiro, Baekwhahyang developed for log cultivation showed lower yield compared to the varieties for sawdust bag cultivation.

This study was conducted to provide basic data for setting a standard medium for winter mushroom cultivation. Investigation of medium composition in winter mushroom farms in Korea revealed that the types of medium used for each farm were slightly different and that the mixing ratio of the medium also varied. All farmers used corncob, rice bran, and beet pulp as the main media, and calcium carbonate and ground oyster shells were used at 1.0~3.8% to adjust the pH of the medium. Analysis of the physicochemical properties of the mixed media showed nitrogen content of 1.28~1.52%, carbon content of 45.7~48.5%, and C/N ratio of 30.7~37.9. The content of inorganic components was significantly different in each farm, depending on the type and amount of minerals in the mixed medium. Mycelial growth was the fastest at Farm 2, reaching 6.5 cm within 34 days of culture, followed by Farm 4 at 5.7 cm, whereas Farm 1, 3, and 5 showed similar growth. Mycelial density was high without any significant difference between farms. Survey of yield according to medium composition in each farm showed the highest yield in Farm 2 at 173.4 g/bottle, followed by Farm 1 at 168.4 g/bottle, whereas Farm 3 and 4 showed similar yield. However, Farm 4 had the lowest yield at 145.4 g/bottle. Therefore, mushroom yield was different depending on the medium composition in the farm, and thus selection of a medium that can be used universally in multiple mushroom farms was considered possible.

This study was carried out to develop techniques for thelog cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius. Soil landfill cultivation of the in plastic container boxes containing yield per log thanbut there was no difference in the yield from both spawn Hyangsan” variety. In the caseof soil landfill cultivation in a shaded vinyl house, an Ailanthus tree gave a higher yield than that usingpoplar tree, and the yield of the Hosan” variety washigher than that of the Hyangsan” variety. With regard to proper tree species selection, willow and cherry trees were good for both the Hosan” and “Hyangsan” variet.

We examined the chemical properties of mixed media and the yield of Pleurotus pulmonarius using bag culture (1 kg) and also evaluated their relationship. The yield of mushrooms in the first flush appeared to be correlated with total nitrogen content. The highest yield of mushroom in the first flush occurred when the nitrogen content of the media was 1.12 %; however, when the nitrogen content was lower or higher than 1.1 %, the yield decreased. The yield of mushrooms in the second flush was highly correlated with various chemical properties including total nitrogen, total carbon, and C/N ratio; for example, higher nitrogen and carbon content produced a higher yield in the second flush. Therefore, when cultivating bottle culture, the nitrogen content of the media should be approximately 1.1 %, such that most mushrooms are harvested in the first flush. Additionally, when cultivating bag culture for harvesting two or more times, it is advantageous to have higher nitrogen and carbon contents in the media than the amount required for bottle culture media.

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in drying yield, pH, water activity, microbial growth, and storage stability of bottom rounds of Hanwoo beef under four different dry-aging treatments (T1–T4) as temperature (2~4℃), relative humidity (65~86%) and dry-aging period (20~90 d). The drying yield decreased by 83.13–97.05% as the drying period increased. Among the four treatments, there were no significant differences in drying yield after 60 d of dry-aging. The total plate aerobic counts (TPC) increased by 1.07–4.39 log colony-forming units (CFU)/g as the dry-aging period increased. Of the four treatments, T4 at 40, 60, and 90 d had significantly higher TPCs than those observed for the other treatments on the same days (p<0.05). As the period of dry-aging increased, pH values increased by 5.35– 5.88 for knuckle and 5.34–5.62 for sirloin muscle, and water activity values decreased. For knuckle and sirloin muscle, the water activity values at 40 d and 60 d of T1 and T4 were significantly higher than those of the other treatments on the same days (p<0.05). The thiobarbituric reactive substances and volatile basic nitrogen values of the aged products increased as the dry-aging period increased. The results of this study showed that dry-aging conditions such as those in the T2 or T3 treatments (with a gradual increase in temperature and humidity) for less than 60 d would be best for yield, reduction of microbial growth and storage stability by dry the muscle surface quickly at the beginning period. Further research should include meat quality and economic analysis for these conditions that examines the benefits of these dry-aged products for the end processor.

We analyzed the relationship between the main chemical properties (pH, total nitrogen content, total carbon content, and CN ratio) of sterilized medium and mushroom yields in 1 kg bag culture of Pleurotus ostreatus. The mushroom yields appeared to be highly correlated with the pH, total nitrogen content, and CN ratio, and were the highest under a total nitrogen content of 2.0–2.2% and a the CN ratio of 20–22.5. However, of the three parameters, total nitrogen content showed the highest correlation with the mushroom yield. The coefficient of determination(r2) between the total nitrogen content and the sum of the yield was 0.931, while that of the pH and CN ratio was relatively low. The nitrogen content of the medium was the most important factor in determining the yield of oyster mushrooms.

This study was conducted to diversify the cultivation of mushroom items and develop a competitive variety of Hypsizigus marmoreus. We focused on developing Hypsizigus marmoreus with lower bitterness, likable shape, and high yield. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and abroad since 2019. Breeding (2019), characterization (2020), productivity test (2021), and farm demonstration test (2021) have been sequentially conducted. We bred the new variety ‘Yunseul’ with unique traits. The optimal temperature for mycelial and fruit body growth were 22–25oC and 15– 18oC, respectively. It was similar to the control variety (Mangadak-2Ho) in the pileus form (hemispherical shape) and the cultivation period. However, it was thinner and longer than the control variety with the pileus diameter, thickness, stipe diameter, and length being 19.9 mm, 7.0 mm, 9.4 mm, and 86.3 mm, respectively. The effective number of fruit bodies was 47.8 in bottle cultivation, which was more than that of the control variety. The yield was 197.4 g/bottle (1,100 cc), which was 30% higher than the yield of the control variety, 151.9 g/bottle (1,100 cc). The parent and control varieties were also incubated alongside the new variety. The somatic incompatibility line was distinct. The band pattern in the mycelial DNA PCR reaction was different from that of the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

This study evaluated the mycelial growth, cultivation characteristics, yield, and β-glucan content of five domestic Sparassis cultivars (‘Neowul’, ‘Hanyeoul’, ‘Summerqueen’, ‘Bargle’, and ‘Ksch2go’) to identify superior cultivars for farm cultivation and industrialization. Optimal mycelial growth occurred at 22–25 °C, whereas growth completely stopped at 31 °C. In bottle cultivation, larch-based substrate reduced cultivation days and increased yield compared to pine-based substrate. In larch-based bottle cultivation, ‘Hanyeoul’ had the shortest period (98 d), while ‘Neowul’ produced the same level of dry yield as ‘Hanyeoul’ (11.8 g compared to 11.1 g). In 2-kg bag cultivation on larch substrate, ‘Hanyeoul’, ‘Neowul’, and ‘Summerqueen’ matured in 85 d, 13–21 d faster than in bottle cultivation. In bag cultivation, dry yield was 49.3 g for ‘Hanyeoul’ and 44.7 g for ‘Neowul’, with no statistically significant difference. Notably, β-glucan content was higher in bag cultivation than in bottle cultivation, reaching 49.38% for ‘Hanyeoul’ and 46.53% for ‘Neowul’. This is attributed to cultivar superiority and substrate composition differences. Overall, ‘Neowul’ and ‘Hanyeoul’ are suitable cultivars for high-quality production owing to their shorter cultivation period, higher yield, and higher functionality compared with those of ‘Summerqueen’ and ‘Bargle’.

본 연구는 하우스 감귤 재배 환경에서 수형에 따른 기계 방제 효율, 농약 부착 특성 및 해충 방제 효과, 광 투과 특성 및 과실 품질과 수확량의 차이를 분석하고자 수행하였다. 제주특별자치도 농업기술원에서 육성한 ‘가을향’과 ‘우리향’을 대상으로 개심자연형과 이축형을 조성한 후 소형 무인방제기를 이용하여 기계 방제와 수관 내부 일사광 투과 특성, 과실 품질을 3년간 조사하였다. 기계 방제 시 방제 시간은 인력 방제 대비 평균 41% 단축되었으며, 이축형에서 농약 부착률이 90% 이상으로 비교적 균일하게 나타났다. 반면 개심자연형은 서쪽 주지의 잎 뒷면에서 농약 부착률이 현저히 낮았고, 해충 방제 효과 역시 이축형이 높았다. 수관 내부 일사광량은 개심자연형이 더 높았지만, 과실 품질의 경우 ‘우리향’ 이축형이 당도가 높고, 과피 착색 시기가 빠른 경향을 보였다. 반면 1주당 수확량은 이축형이 개심자연형보다 적었다. 이러한 결과를 통해, 하우스 감귤 재배 환경에서 이축형은 기계 방제 효율과 해충 방제 효과 측면에서 개심자연형보다 우수한 수형으로 판단되며, 노동력 절감 및 기계화 효율 향상을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tree shape on mechanical spraying efficiency, pesticide deposition characteristics, insect pest control efficacy, light penetration, fruit quality, and yield in a citrus greenhouse cultivation system. ‘Gaeulhang’ and ‘Woorihyang’, citrus cultivars developed by the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province Agricultural Research and Extension Service, were trained into open-center and bi-axis tree shapes, and mechanical spraying was performed using a small speed sprayer. Mechanical spraying efficiency was assessed based on the reduction in spraying time compared with conventional labor-based spraying, and pesticide deposition characteristics were evaluated using water-sensitive papers. Light penetration within the canopy and fruit quality parameters were investigated for three consecutive years after tree training. Mechanical spraying reduced application time by an average of 41% compared with labor-based spraying. The bi-axis tree shape showed uniform pesticide deposition exceeding 90% throughout the canopy and higher insect pest control efficacy than the open-center tree shape, because the latter exhibited low pesticide deposition on the leaf back surfaces of western scaffold branches. Daily cumulative solar radiation within the canopy was higher in the open-center tree shape, particularly after midday. The bi-axis tree shape resulted in higher soluble solids content and earlier peel coloration in ‘Woorihyang’, whereas no significant differences were observed in ‘Gaeulhang’. However, fruit yield per tree was higher in the open-center tree shape for both cultivars. These results suggest that the bi-axis tree shape is advantageous for improving mechanical spraying efficiency and labor-saving practices in protected citrus production.

A new oak mushroom cultivar Lentinula edodes ‘Eomjisong’ (LE23734), was developed by crossing the dikaryotic and monokaryotic strains of ‘KME36298’ and ‘KME36288-1’, respectively. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth of ‘Eomjisong’ on potato dextrose agar was 23–27°C, and was 15–20°C for fruiting body development. The cultivation period of ‘Eomjisong’ was 131 days, which was 3 days shorter than that of the control cultivar ‘Hanacham’. Morphologically, ‘Eomjisong’ showed stipe length and thickness similar to those of ‘Hanacham’, however, the pileus was larger and thicker. Furthermore, the pileus of ‘Eomjisong’ exhibited higher brightness than that of ‘Hanacham’. Productivity tests showed that the total yield of ‘Eomjisong’ reached 555 g, which was approximately 25.6% higher than that of ‘Hanacham’ (442 g). These findings indicate that ‘Eomjisong’ is a promising cultivar with enhanced productivity and morphological advantages over ‘Hanacham’, suggesting its potential for commercial cultivation.

A new oak mushroom cultivar ‘K815’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of ‘Jadam-2’ and ‘LE191732-118’. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth of ‘K815’ was 25oC, and the temperature for primordia formation and fruiting body development was 15~20oC. The fruiting body morphology is hemispherical and the fruiting form is sporadic. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from inoculation to its first harvest, was 133 days, which was 3 days longer than control cultivar ‘Jadam’ (129 days), with 32 days for spawn running, 89 days for browning, 4 days for primordia formation, and 8 days for fruiting body development. In the fruiting body, the thickness and diameter of pileus of the new cultivar were 32.2 mm and 58.3mm, respectively, and the length of stipe was 35.6 mm. Compared to the control cultivar ('Jadam', 'L808'), the pileus of the new cultivar was thicker and smaller and the length of stipe was shorter. The total number of fruiting bodies of ‘K815’ was 58.9, which was higher than the control varieties and total yield of 2 crop cycle of ‘K815’ was 580 g (per 3 kg substrate), which was similar to the control variety.

The effects of punching treatment on mycelial culture and fruiting body productivity were investigated in a new Lentinula edodes cultivar, “Jadam”, in sawdust medium for the stable production of oak mushroom. As the punching volume and number increased, the weight loss rate and color difference increased and the L value decreased. After spawn inoculation, the sawdust medium temperature and CO2 concentration reached their highest values at 33 and 19 days of incubation, respectively. The O2 concentration showed the lowest value on the 14th day of incubation, which was the opposite pattern to the CO2 concentration. As the punching volume and the number increased, the medium temperature and O2 concentration increased, and the CO2 concentration decreased. Higher punching volumes and numbers resulted in higher temperatures and lower CO2 concentrations. The best fruiting body yield was 5 × 70 mm - 30 (punching diameter × depth - number), and the total yield after three cycles was 644.7 g.

A new spore-less cultivar Lentinula edodes ‘Daedam’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of ‘LE15401-24’ and ‘LE192118-10’. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of ‘Daedam’ on potato dextrose agar was 22~25oC. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from inoculation to its first harvest, was 134 days, similar to that of the control cultivar ‘Hwadam’. Total yield of ‘Daedam’ was 222g per 3kg substrate, and was lower than that of control cultivar(266.0g). The fruiting body of ‘Daedam’ had a thick and small pileus and a longer stem compare to control cultivar. As a result of a analyzing the productivity of ‘Daedam’ on the different substrate types, the biological efficiency was 26.7% in the 1.2kg cylindrical substrate(CS), which was higher than that of the 3kg rod-type substrate(RS). 'Daedam' had a similar yield compared to 'Hanacham' in first fruiting body production, but the cultivation period was 40 days shorter. Therefore, 'Daedam' can only harvest fruiting bodies once, it is thought that it can be used as spore-less oak mushroom cultivar for short-term cultivation instead of 'Hanacham' in mushroom farms.

A new cultivar of oak mushroom ‘Jadam’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of ‘Hwadam-18’ and ‘GMLE36295-22’. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of ‘Jadam’ on potato dextrose agar was 22-25℃. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from inoculation to its first harvest, was 122-124 days, shorter to that of the control cultivar‘Hwadam’. Total yield of ‘Jadam’ was 623.8 g per 3 kg substrate, and is higher than that of ‘Hwadam’(455.2 g). In the fruiting body of the new cultivar, the stipe was shorter and thinner than those of ‘Hwadam’. In farmhouse field test, it showed that the period of mycelial growth, browning were shorter than those of control cultivar ‘L808’. The total yield for 2 flush was 543.3 g for ‘Jadam’. It was similar to the 585.3 g of the control cultivar. Therefore, the new cultivar ‘Jadam’ could be a substitute for ‘L808’ in the field of farms. The effect of punching treatment on bags containing sawdust medium for the stable production of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes 'Jadam' was investigated. After spawn inoculation, the sawdust medium temperature and CO2 concentration reached 24.1℃ on the 33rd day of incubation, and on the 19th day of incubation, respectively, decreasing thereafter. The O2 concentration showed an opposite pattern to the CO2 concentration. As the number of punching treatments on the medium increased during the incubation period, the lightness value decreased, and conversely, the color difference and weight loss rate increased. There was no difference in the cultivation period according to the punching treatment. As the punching treatment increased on the sawdust medium, the fruiting body yield increased, When 15 holes are processed per bag with a diameter of 5mm and a depteh of 70mm, the yield for two cycles was the best with 644.7g. Thus, proper punching treatment on a sawdust medium during the incubation period can increase the number of fruiting bodies and yield.

The present study investigated the optimum additive ratio of wheat straw pellet as a substitute for beet pulp during oyster mushroom cultivation. The chemical properties across treatments were pH of 4.8–5.5, total carbon content of 45.9–46.5%, total nitrogen content of 1.5–1.7%, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 27.8–31.0. Mycelial growth was the fastest in a medium containing 20% wheat straw pellet (at 88.2 mm in ‘Heuktari’ and 70.3–79.6 mm in ‘Suhan-1Ho’); however, there were no significant differences in mycelial density among the treatments. The characteristics of fruiting bodies by variety were as follows. In ‘Heuktari’, the valid stipe number per bottle (1,100 cc) was 22.5 and yield was 177.1 g/1,100 cc in the mixed medium containing 10% wheat straw pellet, with the values being comparable to those of controls. In ‘Suhan-1Ho’, the valid stipe number per bottle (1,100 cc) was 14.0 and yield was 151.2 g/1,100 cc in the mixed medium containing 10% wheat straw pellet, with the values being comparable to those of controls.

The biological efficiencies of promising Pleurotus spp. were evaluated. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus tuberregium,and Pleurotus sajor-cajuwere investigated at temperatures of 22oC, 20oC, and 18oC to determine their ability to adapt to temperatures that are likely to be found in subtropical regions. The experiment was conducted using a substrate comprising Popular sawdust 60% + cotton seed 20% + beet pulp 20% under a relative humidity of 65%. The results indicated that there were significant differences in terms of biological efficiency between the species: P. tuber regium 128.84% at 22oC, P. ostreatus 108.41% at 22oC, and P. sajor-caju is 80% at 20oC. The common temperatures at which all species showed the highest biological efficiencies were 22oC and 20oC. Therefore, the production of the evaluated species was equal to or surpassed biological efficiencies reported in tropical environments, thereby demonstrating a potential opportunity to adapt to tropical environments without compromising quality standards.

This study was conducted to reduce the phenomenon of biased cultivation and to pursue the diversification of mushroom items. We focused on developing Sparassis latifolia varieties with a short cultivation period, stable pinheading, and a high yield. We have collected and determined the characteristics of genetic resources domestically and abroad since 2016. We bred the unique domestic variety, “Hanyeoul” and the results of this study are as follows. The optimal temperatures for mycelial growth and fruit body growth were 22~25oC and 19~21oC, respectively. The color of the pileus was pale-yellowish white, which was similar to the color of the control variety, “Neoul”. The number of days required for cultivation was 125 for bottle cultivation and 98~102 for bag cultivation, which was shorter than the number of days required for the control variety. Bottle cultivation took 39 days shorter for the new variety than the control variety. The fruiting body of the new variety was similar in size or larger than that of the control variety. The pinheading rate was more than 90% in bottle cultivation and bag cultivation, which was more stable than pinheading in the control variety. The yield was 79.1 g/bottle (1,100 cc) for bottle cultivation, which was 22.6% higher than the yield of the control variety, and 641.1~689.5 g/bag (2.6 kg) for bag cultivation, which 5.8~10.4% higher than yield of the control variety.

This study was conducted to investigate the optimum supplementation ratio when replacing cotton seed meal with rapeseed meal for cultivating oyster mushrooms. The chemical properties among the treatments were pH 4.5~4.7, total carbon content was 46.3~46.5%, total nitrogen content was 1.6~1.7%, and carbon-nitrogen ratio was 27.0~27.8. These did not differ significantly from the control. Mycelial growth was 85.1 mm (Heuktari), and 72.8 mm (Suhan-1Ho) in medium containing 5% rapeseed meal, with no significant difference in mycelial density between cultivars. Fruiting body characteristics are as follows: In 'Heuktari', the color of the pileus was darker than control with an L value of 32.5, and pileus thickness and diameter were 3.2 mm and 27.6 mm, respectively. Stipe length and diameter were 86.0 mm and 9.1 mm, respectively. Valid stipe number per bottle (1,100 cc) was 25.9, and a yield of 189.7 g/1,100 cc was recorded in mixed medium containing 5% rapeseed meal (higher than control). In mixed medium containing 10% rapeseed meal, the yield was 184.5 g/1,100 cc (comparable to control). In 'Suhan-1Ho', supplemented with 5% rapeseed meal, pileus color was darker than control color, with an L value of 28.8. Pileus thickness was 4.5 mm. Stipe diameter was 12.3 mm (higher than control), and yield was 145.5 g/1,100 cc (comparable to control).

본 연구는 제주지역 노지재배에 적합한 오일용 올리브 품종을 선발하기 위하여 2020-2021년까지 11품종에 대하여 농업기술원 노지포장에서 개화 특성, 과실특성, 수량, 오일 함량 등을 검토하였 다. 꽃눈 출현은 4월 상순-5월 상순, 만개기는 5 월 중·하순, 과실 비대기는 6월 하순-10월 중순 이었고, 과실 착색 시작은 9월 하순-10월 상순이 며, ‘코로네키’ 품종이 가장 늦었다. 과실 횡경은 ‘만자니로’ 품종이 17.3mm로 가장 컸고, ‘코로네 키’ 품종이 10.0mm로 가장 작았다. 착과 특성은 전년 발생한 봄 및 여름가지에서 주로 착과되고, 낙과는 전기낙과(5월 하순-6월 하순), 후기낙과(8 월 하순-수확기) 2회 발생하였다. 새순은 년 4회 발생하였고, 봄순 4월, 여름순 6월-7월 2회, 가을 순 8월-9월 발생하였으며, 착과에 영향을 주는 가을순은 품종에 따라 차이가 있었다. 2년 평균 수량은 1,000g/주 내외 품종은 ‘코로네키’, ‘루카’, ‘프란토이오’, ‘버달레’이고, ‘코로네키’가 11,700g/ 주으로 가장 많았다. 과실 기준 오일함량 10% 이 상 품종은 ‘루카’, ‘프란토이오’, ‘버달레’, ‘코로네 키’이었고, 품종별로는 ‘코로네키’가 12.2%-12.4% 로 가장 많았다. 수량 및 오일함량 기준 제주 노 지재배에 적합한 오일용 올리브 품종은 ‘코로네 키’, ‘루카’, ‘프란토이오’, ‘버달레’ 순이었다.

This study was conducted to examine flowering characteristics, fruit characteristics, yield, oil content, etc. of 11 olive varieties from 2020∼2021 in order to select olive varieties for oil suitable for field cultivation in Jeju. Flower buds emergence was from early April to early May, full bloom was from mid/late May, fruit enlargement was from late June to mid-October, and fruit coloring started from late September to early October. 'Koroneiki' variety was the most slowest. In terms of fruit width, the 'Manzanillo' variety was the largest at 17.3 mm and the 'Koroneiki' variety was the smallest at 10.0 mm. Fruiting occurred mainly in the spring and summer branches of the previous year, and fruit drop occurred twice a year in early fruit drop(late May to late June) and late fruit drop(late August to harvest). As a result of the investigation on the characteristics of new shoots, it occurred 4 times a year, occurred once in April in spring, twice in June to July in summer, and once in August to September in autumn. The varieties with an average yield of 1,000g/tree for two years were ‘Koroneiki’, ‘Luca’, ‘Frantoio’, and ‘Verdale’, and the ‘Koroneiki’ was the most at 11,700g/tree. Varieties with an oil content of 10% or more based on fruit were 'Luca', 'Frantoio', 'Verdale', and 'Koroneiki', and the ‘Koroneiki’ variety had the most with 12.2 to 12.4%. Based on yield and oil content, 'Koroneiki', 'Luca', 'Frantoio', and 'Verdale' were investigated as the types of olives suitable for field cultivation in Jeju.

A new cultivar of oak mushroom ‘Dadam’ was bred from monokaryotic strains of ‘GMLE36062-4’ and ‘GMLE36288-34’. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the new cultivar ‘Dadam’ on potato dextrose agar was 19- 22oC. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from innoculation to its first harvest, was 135-139 days, similar to that of the control cultivar ‘Hwadam’. The pileus color and stipe thickness of the new cultivar were darker and thinner than those of ‘Hwadam’. Total yield of ‘Dadam’ was 621 g per 3 kg substrate, and is higher than that of ‘Hwadam’ (371 g). In farmhouse field test, it showed that the period of mycelial growth, browning, and fruiting body formation were the same as those of the control cultivar L808. The number of available fruiting bodies of ‘Dadam' was 15, and is lower than that of the control (47), therefore, it was possible to save workforce in thinning. The total yield for 2 flush was 480 g for ‘Dadam’, similar to the 473 g of the control cultivar.