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rovide environment that can improve the quality of schoolwork by satisfying students’ various needs through changing its spatial composition properly for the current trend. Hereupon, this study examines the spatial characteristics of dormitories presently being used and performs post-occupancy evaluation on them; thereby, it intends to figure out and improve their exiting problems and suggest foundational data for the dormitory design hereafter. In conclusion, when dormitory construction is planned afterwards, it will be necessary to secure private space in each room and grope for solutions to reduce noise. In addition, it is also thought that the satisfaction of all occupants can be higher when subsidiary facilities such as convenient space and sanitation are expanded properly for the number of students residing in them.

The domestic rural villages have faced on the many problems in future society. The major purposes of this paper are to clarify in space program for the Rural Activating through the Urban-Rural Exchange. Firstly, it has examined the rural amenities of rural resources, such as natural surroundings, culture, history, landscape, economy, community power etc. Secondary, it was checked about analysis of operation programs corresponding to the rural resources. Thirdly, These space program of Urban-Rural Exchange, which has been archived process of spacial planning, was investigated the spacial conditions corresponding to the operation programs. To make Urban-Rural Exchange Center, it was necessary to analyze physical spacial size of building gross area, by data of cross checking with the area per capita and area per household in the rural village. According to the research, Urban-Rural Exchange Center was to be included visiting center, multipurpose room and dining room, exhibiting space, conference room, experience room, welfare space and specialized room with activation of rural village. However additional conditions are required that it is based on the sustainable development, environmentally friendly architecture both operation program and space program for the value of common society, citizen and villagers.

1980년대에 79개관에 불과했던 전국 공공도서관이 2013년 말 기준으로 885개관에 이르고 있다. 특히 2000년대이후에 건립된 도서관이 전체 도서관의 60%를 넘어서고 있을 정도로 도서관의 시대가 도래 하면서 상당한 양적팽창이이루어지고 있다. 그에 따른 질적 측면도 중요하게 부각되면서 공공도서관의 효율적 공간구성에 대한 이용자 요구가 증대되고 있다. 특히 이용자의 요구에 부응하기 위한 디지털열람실과 문화교육실의 증가는 2000년 전·후의 변화에 따른 시사점으로 나타나고 있으며, 기존 공간구성 비율에서 벗어나 시대에 적합한 도서관 공간계획이 필요한 시점이다. 이 연구는 1980∼1990년대 준공된 공공도서관과 2000년 이후 설립된 공공도서관을 중심으로 시대별 공공도서관의공간구성 형태를 상호 비교분석하였다. 장서보존과 열람 기능이 강조되었던 1980∼19 90년대와 이용자의 측면을 고려하여문화영역 기능이 확대된 2000년대 이후 공공도서관의 소요시설별 면적비율의 차이를 살펴봄으로써 현시점의 도서관공간의 중요 고려요소를 도출할 수 있었다. 이는 시대요구와 부합할 수 있는 면적기준을 제시하기 위한 최종연구에 대해기초자료를 제공한다는 점에서 그 의미가 크다.

In the 1980's opening 79 of the end of 2013, the National Public Library that had been It was 885 its opening remains in effect. Especially in the 2000s after 60% of the whole library, a library erected since the advent of the library is enough to be a significant quantitative expansion. The resulting to make a qualitative aspect of public libraries and increase users ' needs for efficient space configuration. IIn particular, the user is to serve the needs of digital reading room and the increase of the cultural training changes after 2000 years ago, and appears as due to the implications of space configuration in an age-appropriate library space off the rate plan is a necessary point. The study in the 1980s-1990s, built public library established since the year 2000 centered on public library mutual comparative analysis of space configuration form. Book reading function was the conservation and highlight 1980-1990s and considered by the side of the users culture area extended since the 2000s, public library takes the difference between the ratio of the area of the facility by the area in which you can meet the standards required and the age.

본 연구에서는 공공도서관의 무한창조공간에서 시행하기에 적합한 프로그램을 개발하고, 프로그램의 시범운영을 통하여 창의성 증진의 효과를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 충북에 소재한 J도서관의 무한창조공간에서 ‘그림책 제작활동’ 프로그램을 운영하고, 이 프로그램에 참여한 초등 3~6학년 학생 18명을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 창의성을 측정하기 위하여 사용한 것은 Torrance가 개발한 TTCT(The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking) 언어검사도구이다. 그 결과, 첫째, 프로그램 전 과정을 통해 환경과학에 대한 흥미 및 중요성에 대한 인식이 향상되었고, 둘째, 브레인스토밍 등을 통해 주어진 문제에 대한 해결방안을 도출하는 경험으로 문제해결능력이 향상되었으며, 셋째, 환경과 관련된전문지식을 이야기로 풀어내는 스토리텔링 능력이 향상되었다. 넷째, 창작활동을 통해 참여자 개인별 창의력이 향상되었을뿐만 아니라 다섯째, 참여어린이들의 창작활동 결과물을 책으로 발행함으로써 어린이들의 자존감이 향상되었다.

This study developed a program suitable for operating an infinite creative space within the public library, and analyzed the effect of promoting participants’ creativity through a trial run of the program. To do this, we operated a “picture book making activities” program in the infinite creative space of J library located in Chungbuk. This program was performed for 18 elementary students in grades 3-6. Torrance TTCT (The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking) tools were used in this study to measure the overall creativity. As a result, first, awareness of the importance and interest in environmental science was improved through the whole program process. Second, participants’ problem-solving abilities improved during the program by having to derive a solution for a given problem through brainstorming. Third, storytelling ability improved after the story-creating elements of the program. Fourth, each participants’ creativity was improved through creative activities. Fifth, by publishing the results of creative activities of participants as books, the self-esteem of participating children improved as well.

현대 도시의 주거 비용의 증가는 젊은세대들의 주거 안정성에 문제를 야기하였고, 이는 주거에 대한 새로운 인식을 나타나게 하였다. 과거세대는 ‘집’을 소유의 대상이자, 경제력 과시의 수단으로 여겼으나, 현재 세대는 집을 반드시 소유하지 않아도 되며, 필요한 일정부분을 공유하며 사용 할 수 있다는 인식이 생겨나기 시작하였다. 혈연가구가 아닌 비혈연 가구가 함께 거주하는 새로운 대안주거들이 나타나기 시작하였다. 사회적·물리적 문제를 해결하고자 다양한 세대 -1인가구, 2세대가구, 노인가구 등- 가 이웃과 함께 공동체 의식을 가지고 개인공간과 구별되는 공동생활공간을 통해 삶을 영위기 시작한 것이다 하지만 기존의 주거와는 다른 공동체 주택은 개인영역과 공유 공간의 범위와 크기에 대한 연구가 미진하고 있어, 현재 보급된 사례의 프로그램 및 면적, 운영방안 등을 연구하고자 한다.

The increase in housing costs in modern cities has caused problems with the housing stability of the younger generation. These problems led to a new perception of housing. The past generation regarded the 'house' as a means of ownership and a means of showing economic power, The current generation has begun to realize that they do not necessarily have to own a home, and that they can share and use the required part of the schedule. New alternative dwellings have begun to emerge where non-blood-related households are living together rather than blood-related households. In order to solve the social and physical problems, various generations-1 households, second generation households, elderly households, etc. began to face a life crisis through a common living space distinguished from personal space with a sense of community together with their neighbors. However, there is not much research on the extent and size of the private space and the shared space in the community housing other than the existing housing, and the program, the area and the management plan of the presently popular case are studied.

The purpose of this study is to propose the spatial organization programming of free welfare facilities which will be used by low-income families in small and midium- sized cities; focusing on the elderly who can do daily life activities. This study investigated residential welfare facilities outside of Korea and analyzed 10 welfare houses among 23 facilities in Jeolla Province, where the number of the elderly has been growing relatively quickly. Questionnaire survey were completed by the elderly who live in the welfare facilities in addition to the workers, of those facilities, interviewed. The conclusions of this study are as follows: The followings are needed in order to further the development of residential care facilities for the elderly diversification of facilities and improvement in the level of facility upkeep. More studies regarding residential facilities for the elderly should be undertaken in an effort to build facilities that are comfortable to those of developed nations.

이 연구는 지역사회 자원과 대학의 연계를 통한 여가 공간 프로그램 구축 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 지역사회 자원과 대학의 여가 공간 프로그램 연계를 통한 상호관계를 전제로 하는 관계 제시, 대학이 지역사회에 인적자원을 양성하 고 공급하는 기능, 지역주민에게 교육기회를 제공하고 사회적 서비스를 제공, 지식과 정보제공, 문화·예술·체육의 활성 화에 기여할 것이다. 둘째, 지역사회 자원과 대학의 여가 공간 프로그램 연계를 통한 프로그램 제시 1) 지역민의 효율적인 여가 공간 활용과 자료를 얻게 되어 다양한 여가 공간활용 파급 효과와 지역주민의 여가만족, 자긍심을 높여 지역사회의 소득유발, 경제 활성화의 원동력이 되고 향후 관광객들에게 시스템을 적용한다면 지역의 이미지를 홍보할 수 있는 장점으 로 도움을 줄 것으로 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 2) 체험용 엔터테인먼트 콘텐츠로: 입체 도형의 비평면에 프로젝션 영상을 이용한 체험활동이 가능 할 것이다. 3) 테마파크 분야의 체험 효과를 극대화하고 몰입감 증대를 위한 대규모 스크린과 사 용자와의 상호작용을 통해 새로운 신세계 체험을 제공하는데 활용 될 것이다.

The purpose of suggest a plan to establish a leisure space program through linkage between local community resources and universities. First, presenting a relationship that presupposes mutual relations through connection of local community resources and leisure space programs of universities, the function of nurturing and supplying human resources to the local community, providing educational opportunities to local residents and providing social services, knowledge It will contribute to providing information and revitalization of culture, art and sports. Second, suggesting programs through linking local community resources and leisure space programs of universities 1) Inducing income from local communities by increasing the ripple effect of using various leisure spaces and increasing the leisure satisfaction and pride of local residents by obtaining efficient use of leisure spaces and data by local residents. In addition, if the system is applied to tourists in the future, it will be the driving force of economic revitalization, and it will be expected to help with the advantage of promoting the image of the region. 2) As entertainment content for experience: Experience activities using projection images on a non-planar surface of three-dimensional figures will be possible. 3) Through interaction with users and large screens to maximize the experience effect in the theme park field and increase immersion. It will be used to provide a new world experience.

본 논문은 최근 우주 산업의 급격한 발전과 러시아-우크라이나 전쟁을 계기로 국제적 관심이 집중되고 있는 우주 사이버전의 보안 위협을 분석·예측하고, 이에 대응하기 위한 모의해킹 기반 공격·방어 훈련 플랫폼 설계 방안을 제안한다. SpaceX의 스타링크 등장 이후 인공위성의 활용 범위가 급격히 확대되면서, 기존에 없던 형태의 신규 사이버 위협이 등장하고 있다. 이러한 New Space 시대의 도래에 대비하여 잠재적 보안 위협을 사전에 분석하고 대응 체계를 마련하는 것은 매우 시급하다. 본 논문에서는 공급망 보안, 통신 보안, 폐위성 관리, 보안 업데이트 등 다양한 시나리오를 중심으로 우주 사이버 보안 위협을 체계적으로 분석하고, 이를 토대로 위협 대응 훈련을 위한 사이버 모의해킹 공격·방어 플랫폼 설계 방안을 제시한다. 궁극적으로 본 연구는 이러한 플랫폼을 기반으로 국내 우주 사이버 보안 대응 역량 강화를 위한 훈련체계 구축 가이드라인을 제안하는 것을 목표로 한다.

This paper analyzes and predicts space cyber security threats, which have recently drawn international attention due to the rapid development of the space industry and the Russia?Ukraine war, and proposes a cybersecurity training platform design for simulated attack-defense exercises to respond to such threats. Since the emergence of SpaceX’s Starlink, the utilization of satellites has rapidly expanded, leading to the appearance of new types of cyber threats that have not been seen before. Preparing for the New Space era by identifying potential security threats in advance and establishing effective reponse systems has thus become a pressing issue. This paper specifically analyzes space cybersecurity threats based on various scenarios, including supply chain security, communication security, decommissioned satellite management, and security updates. Based on this analysis, it proposes a cyber simulated attack-defense platform design to effectively respond to these threats. Ultimately, this study aims to provide guidelines for building a training system to enhance national space cybersecurity response capabilities.

The purpose of this study is to suggest an architectural planning method of the youth activity facilities in community to support youth activities. The Study conducted a survey on the Youth who are the main users of the youth training center and derive the importance factor. Recently, various organizations are making an effort to support healthy youth activities. However, based on the result of the survey, most of the Youth were found to spend their free time on using digital media devices, resting at home, staying at school, singing at karaoke room, or visiting PC room. The majority of the Youth showed low interest and awareness on the youth facilities and their policies. In addition, there were few youth related facilities in use actively. Moreover, the Youth who participated the survey requested more on the youth facilities for leisure activities. Therefore, it is expected that the facility and the special support should be urgently provided. The functionality is the most important part of the overall architectural classification of the youth training center, and the public space for resting and social interaction should be the key factors in designing the space program of the building. The factors affecting the importance of the youth training center are as follows. In the 'Education & Training Space' category, the club room had the greatest influence on the architectural space programming according to the importance, followed by the astronomical observation room, library room, and education training room. In the case of the 'Social & Sports Space', the indoor gymnasium had the greatest influence on the architectural space programming according to the importance, followed by rock climbing, swimming pool, outdoor sports facility, and weight training room. And, the indicators affecting the importance of the ’Cultural Space' sector are as follows: audio-visual room, singing practice room, grand performance hall, and cultural center. In the 'Office/Management Space', mechanical & electrical office, director’s office, maintenance room & office, and education program development room were derived as indicators of importance. Lastly, in the ‘Public Space' category, roof gardens, cafeteria, rest area, book cafe, and parking lot were derived as important factors

The objective of the present study is to develop a space technology education program in order to stimulate Junior High School students’ interest in space technology and help them acquire basic knowledge, functions and attitude on space technologies through afterschool activities. The contents of this study are summarized as follows.First, we designed a model for developing a space technology education program based on curriculum development procedures suggested by several scholars. The education program development is composed of 3 stages preparation, development and refinement, and contents for each stage were selected.Second, in the preparation stage of the development of a space technology education program, we explored the nature and operation of afterschool programs, examined themes related to space technologies, and analyzed learners’ level, and in the development stage, we set the goals of the space technology education program, and in the stage of refinement, the developed education program was evaluated and refined.Third, the contents of the space technology education program are composed of three areas space exploration, space travel, and space and life and two subareas for each area. Then, the themes and goals of learning were defined for each subarea. Fourth, the space technology education program was designed as a 30minute afterschool program, and can be applied flexibly according to situation.It is required to develop various space technology education programs that can gratify students’ curiosity about technology and help them come closer to and easily understand space technologies. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop various learning activities and materials so that the developed education program can be utilized fittingly to individual schools’ situation.

This study reviewed the concept of Japanese youth as well as the changes in its youth nurturing environment centering on literature, and the Youth Education National Olympics Memorial Youth Center, an independent administrative corporation, was selected as a representative case of Japanese youth education facility, and conducted a research analysis centering on its operating program and construction of space. The following is an overall summary of the program operation and construction of space, which will become basic information for the construction and operation of a national youth facility of our country in the future, based on the analysis of the operating program and construction of space of Japanese youth educational facilities. In the program operation, there is a need for youth facilities and program concept for managing and educating youth related personnel, and it is necessary develop a large scale lodging facilities, which can become the center of local community culture and a place for youth culture, for urban-type youth facilities that will contribute to the international exchange function of youth and youth related personnel. In this sense, this study will have its significance as a basic study on the program operation and construction of space for the construction and operation of youth educational facilities in our country in the future.

본 논문은 관객개발을 위한 국내 복합문화예술공간 예술의전당 예술교육 프로그램을 분석함으 로써 복합문화공간의 예술교육 현황을 알아보고, 추후 관객개발을 위한 예술교육 프로그램의 시사점을 도출하며, 이에 따른 개선방안을 모색하는데 연구의 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 문 헌연구와 사례연구, 예술의전당 고객만족도 조사, 전문가 면담으로 연구를 진행하였다. 문헌연 구를 통해 복합문화공간 현황과 예술교육의 개념 및 관객개발을 위한 예술교육 유형을 정리하 였다. 또한, 국내·외 복합문화공간인 바비칸센터와 링컨센터, 국립아시아문화전당을 사례기관 으로 정하고 기관별 예술교육 프로그램 유형과 교육방식을 분석한 결과 예술기관과 학교의 협 업을 통한 학교문화예술교육은 학생들에게 창의성과 문제 해결 능력, 능동적인 태도를 갖게 해 주고, 대상별 다양한 교육프로그램과 교육유형을 운영하는 것이 중요하다는 시사점을 도출하였 다. 이에 따라 국내·외 복합문화공간 예술교육 프로그램 사례를 바탕으로 예술의전당 아카데미 강좌프로그램과 전문가 인터뷰를 통해, 예술의전당 아카데미 강좌프로그램 개발 방안을 다음과 같이 도출해 낼 수 있었다. ①예술교육을 통한 관객개발의 효과를 높이기 위해 관객연구가 선 행되어야 한다. ②교육대상 세분화를 통한 다양한 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. ③코로나19 이 후 비대면 온라인 예술교육 프로그램 활용으로 잠재관객의 접근성을 높이는 것이다.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the art education program of the art center for audience development to understand the current status of art education in the complex cultural space, derive implications for art education programs for audience development, and seek improvement accordingly. To this end, research was conducted through literature surveys, case studies, customer satisfaction surveys at the Seoul Arts Center, and expert interviews. Through literary research, the current status of complex cultural spaces, the concept of art education, and the types of art education for audience development were summarized. In addition, the Barbican Center, Lincoln Center, and the National Asian Cultural Center were designated as case institutions, and the types and methods of art education programs collaborated with institutions and schools were analyzed to provide students with creativity, problem-solving skills, and active attitudes. Accordingly, based on the case of domestic and foreign complex cultural space arts education programs, the following measures could be derived for the development of the Seoul Arts Center academy program and expert interviews. ① Audience research must be preceded in order to increase the effect of audience development through art education. ② It is to develop various programs through segmentation of educational subjects. ③ This is to increase the accessibility of potential audiences by utilizing non-face-to-face online art education programs after COVID-19.

이 연구에서는 천문·우주의 디지털 자료를 중심으로 한 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고, 무선 표집된 초등 학교 6학년 학생 167명에게 적용하여 창의적 문제해결 력 향상을 위한 STEAM 프로그램의 수업 효과를 알아 보고자 하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창의적 문제해결력에 대한 STEAM 프로그램의 수업 전·후 통계적 검정에서 유의미한 결과를 나타내었다(p < .05). 이는 디지털 중심의 문제 해결 과정에서 학생들이 융합적 사고와 아이디어 생성의 절차적 과정을 통해 STEAM 프로그램이 창의적 문제해결력 향상에 도움을 주었음을 시사한다. 둘째, STEAM 태도 검사의 사전·사후 점수 차이에 의한 대응표본 t-검정에서 모든 항목 에서 유의미한 결과가 나타났다(p <.05). 디지털 수업 자료를 분석하고 픽셀아트 작품 제작을 통한 발표 과 정을 통해 흥미, 소통, 유용성 등에서 STEAM 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 판단되며, 이는 향후 첨단 기술을 활용한 융합 교육 프로그램 개발의 필요성 을 강조한다. 셋째, STEAM 프로그램 적용 후에 실시 한 수업 만족도 검사에서는 ‘만족도’ 구인은 평균 3.55, ‘흥미’는 3.35, 그리고 ‘수업 전반의 난이도’는 3.46을 나타내었으며, 기존 수업과의 차이점으로는 ‘미래 사 회 직업정보 획득’이 강조되었다. 다만, 디지털 변환과 해석 과정에서 수업의 흥미도가 다소 낮아진 부분을 고려하여, 향후 수업에서는 체험 활동을 고려한 적절 한 수업시수 배분이 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 향후 개발된 프로그램의 일반화를 위해 다양한 학교급, 적용 시기, 난이도를 고려한 후속 연구가 필요할 것이다.

In this study, we developed a STEAM program based on digital astronomical and space resources and applied it to 167 randomly selected elementary school students to examine the effectiveness of the STEAM program in enhancing creative problem solving skills. The results of this study are as follows: first, the statistical analysis of pre-test and post-test scores for creative problem-solving skills related to the STEAM program showed significant results (p<.05). This suggests that the STEAM program contributed to improving creative problem-solving skills through the procedural process involved in generating ideas and convergent thinking during the digital problem-solving. Second, the paired sample t-test based on the pre-test and post-test of the STEAM attitude test also showed significant results (p<.05). Analyzing digital materials and presenting pixel art projects positively influenced STEAM attitudes in terms of interest, communication, and usefulness. This underscores the need for developing integrative education programs utilizing advanced technologies in the future. Third, in the class satisfaction test conducted after the application of the STEAM program, the satisfaction factor scored an average of 3.55, interest scored 3.35, and overall class difficulty scored 3.46. The main difference from traditional classes was the focus on 'acquisition of future career information.' However, given the slight decrease in interest during the digital transformation and interpretation process, it is recommended that future classes allocate sufficient time for experiential activities. To generalize the developed program, future studies should consider various school levels, implementation periods, and difficulty levels.

전세계가 1992년 6월 브라질의 리우환경회의에서 기후변화에 관한 UN기본협약(UNFCCC, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)을 채택하였다. 우리나라에서도 온난화 방지와 더불어 건물의 화석 에너지 사용량을 감축시키기 위해 지속적으로 제도적 개선과 노력을 기울이고 있으며, 건물부분에서 건물 냉난방 에너지 절약과 함께 거주자의 열적 쾌적성 확보를 위해 단열재 설치 의무규정이 강화되고 있는 추세이다. 이에따라 우리나라에서 건물의 단열재는 표 1과 같이 건축물의 에너지 절약설계기준(2013.10)상에서 규정하고 있는 가∼라의 4가지 등급 단열재로만 그 사용이 한정되어 있다. 그러나, 실제 건설 현장에서는 이상의 규정 단열재외에 반사형 단열재에 대한 시공이 빈번히 이루어지고 있는 것이 현실이다. 반사형 단열재는 일반적으로 복사열저항의 효과를 이용하기 때문에 건물 해당부위에 중공층과 함께 설치되어야 그 효과를 기대할 수 있으며, 건물 부위나 중공층 열류 흐름방향 등 다양한 설치 조건에 따라 그 성능이 크게 달라질 수 있을 것으로 예상되지만, 아직까지 국내 관련 연구는 초기단계라 볼 수 있다.(김여진, 최정민, 김진관, 권영철, 이무진) 국외의 경우에는 Robinson과 Powell의 반사형 중공층의 열저항값 실험 데이터 값이나, ISO, ASHRAE의 기준에서 중공층 조건에 따른 열저항값들이 제시되어 활용되고 있으나, 해당 조건에만 적용되는 한계를 나타내고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 반사형 단열재가 설치된 건물 단일 중공층의 단열저항값을 산정하는 이론에 대해 고찰하고 이를 토대로 단일 중공층 열저항값에 미치는 관련 변수들의 도출과 그 영향을 검토하는 프로그램 함수를 개발하고자 하며, 이를 이용하여 건물 에너지 절약을 위한 반사형 단열재의 적정 설계 및 시공이 이루어질 수 있도록 하고자 한다.

Reflective insulations consist of one or more low emittance surfaces attached to a supporting material such as foam or plastic film. However, the major part of the thermal resistance obtained using a reflective insulation is derived from reflective air spaces. Therefore, this study reviews the basis and theories for the evaluation of the thermal resistance(R-values) of an enclosed air space with reflective insulation and develops the program function of R-value calculation for enclosed single reflective air spaces with Visual Basic. Finally validations are made with ASHRAE table and program function calculated values.

이 연구의 목적은 과학문화 소외지역 초등학생들의 천문우주에 관한 동기유발과 천문우주 과학개념의 올 바른 형성을 위해 STEAM 프로그램 및 PEST 방법을 적용한 ‘스타-카’ 운영 프로그램을 개발하고, 이에 대한 효과를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 5명의 전문가가 참 여하여 워크숍을 통해 프로그램 개발 방향을 설정하고, 이동천문대 프로그램 초안을 개발한 후, 1회의 시범 적 용을 통해 프로그램을 최종 개발하였다. 이 연구에서 개발한 프로그램은 융합인재교육(STEAM)을 적용하였 으며, 과학문화 소외지역 초등학생들을 대상으로 진행 하는 프로그램이다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이 연구에서 개발한 이동천문대 프로그램은 초등 전 연령 이 함께 할 수 있는 천문우주에 대한 호기심을 자극하 는 프로그램으로 개선하였다. 둘째, 이 연구에서 개발 한 프로그램은 상황제시 1차시, 감성적 체험 5차시, 창 의적 설계 5차시의 총 11차시로 구성하였다. 셋째, 이 프로그램에 참여한 학생들의 만족도 분석 결과는 대체 적으로 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 미루어볼 때, 이동천문대 프로그램은 학습자의 핵심 역 량을 강화시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study aimed to develop a ‘star-car’ operational program combining with the STEAM program and the PEST method for motivating elementary school students who belonged to less favored areas in terms of scientific culture to get an interest in astronomy and appropriately forming scientific concepts of Astronomy and Space and, subsequently, to examine the effectiveness of the program. For the purposes to be feasible, 5 experts participated in the study. They set a development direction of the program through a workshop, developed a draft with respect to a mobile astronomical observatory program of the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, and then complete the development of the program through one trial application. The program which was developed in the study applied the STEAM program and targeted the elementary school students who lived in isolated regions of the scientific culture. The results of the research were as follows. First, The mobile astronomical observatory program developed in this study was improved as a program which stimulated the curiosity of elementary school students in all grades towards the Astronomy and Space. Second, The program developed in the study consisted of 11 periods in total; one period was for the presentation of the situation, five periods for emotional experience, the other five periods for creative design. Third, The results of analyzing the students’ satisfaction were turned out to be effective in general. Judging from the aforementioned results, the mobile astronomical observatory program is expected to enhance learners’ core competencies.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of science-based STEAM astronomical learning program on space perception ability and scientific attitudes. For this study the 5 grade, 2 class was divided into a research group and a comparative group. The class was pre-tested in order to ensure the same standard. Space perception ability test and scientific attitudes test was used to find the effect of the science-based steam astronomical learning program. And the results were analyzed by spsswin 18.0. The results of this study were as follows. First, the science-based STEAM astronomical learning program was a positive effects on space perception ability of elementary students. Second, the science-based STEAM astronomical learning program was a positive effects on scientific attitudes of elementary students. According to this research, the science-based STEAM astronomical learning program was verified to improve space perception ability and scientific attitudes on the elementary students.

The use of reflective-type insulation is increased gradually to save building energy in Korea. However, there is no tool or program for calculating K-Value of building envelope with this kind of insulation. For this reason, expensive and time-consuming experiment must be performed before the construction to verify K-Value of building component installed with reflective-insulation. Therefore, this study is to expand published thermal resistance calculation function of single reflective air space into K-Value calculation program of building envelope installed with reflective air space. The major results are summarized as follows. First, K-Value calculation program for building envelope installed with single reflective air space is developed. Second, It is confirmed that K-Value of roof model is decreased from 0.176W/㎡·K to 0.165W/㎡·K (6.3% reduction) and K-Value of wall model is decreased from 0.245W/㎡·K to 0.228W/㎡·K (6.9% reduction) by adopting with reflective air space. Third, the major design variables of reflective-insulation such as air space distance, effective emissivity and indoor/outdoor temperature conditions, affecting the K-Value of building envelope are identified.

세계적으로 역량중심 교육이 주목됨에 따라, 교육 부는 2015 개정 교육과정에서 창의융합형 인재가 갖춰 야 할 미래 사회 핵심역량 6가지를 제시하였다. 본 연 구에서는 2015 개정 교육과정에 제시된 미래 사회 핵 심역량을 함양하고, 천문 영역 실험·실습의 한계를 보 완하기 위해 HTE-STEAM 별자리 교육 프로그램을 개 발하였고 그 효율성을 파일럿 테스트를 통해 확인하였 다. 개발한 프로그램은 학교 밖 교육 현장인, 충청북도 청주시 소재의 G 도서관에서 초등 3~6학년 학생들을 대상으로 적용하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 째, HTE-STEAM 별자리 교육 프로그램은 STEAM 태 도 검사의 ‘자아 개념’을 제외한 모든 구인에서 통계 적으로 유의미한 효과를 보였으며, 특히 ‘이공계 진로 선택’, ‘배려’, ‘소통’에서 높은 효과를 보였다. 따라서 미래 사회 핵심역량 중 ‘창의적 사고 역량’과 ‘의사소 통 역량’, ‘공동체 역량’의 함양에 긍정적인 결과를 도 출하였다. 둘째, HTE-STEAM 별자리 교육 프로그램은 시공간이라는 어려운 개념을 다루었으나, 수업 내용의 난이도가 쉽다고 응답한 학생들이 많고, 배운 공간개 념을 응용하여 교구를 활용한 것으로 보아, 학생들의 하늘과 우주의 공간 구조에 대한 이해에 효과적이었 다. 덧붙여, 본 프로그램은 2022 개정 교육과정에서 추 가된 하늘의 공간적 구조에 대한 성취기준을 충족하는 교육 프로그램으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 따 라서 HTE-STEAM을 기반으로 한 별자리 교육 프로그 램은 미래 사회 핵심 역량의 함양에 긍정적인 효과를 보였으며, 학교 환경에서 천문 영역의 야간 관측 실습 을 보완하는 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

With the global rise in interest in competency-based education, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea outlined six core competencies in the 2015 revised curriculum, essential for future society's 'creative and convergent talent'. This study introduces an HTE-STEAM constellation education program designed to develop the core competencies outlined in the 2015 revised curriculum and address the limitations of hands-on astronomy education. The program's effectiveness was assessed through a pilot test. The program was implemented at G Library, an out-of-school education site in Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, targeting students from 3rd to 6th grade. The study's results include: First, the HTE-STEAM program significantly impacted all aspects of the STEAM attitude test except for 'self-concept', particularly influencing 'science and engineering career choice', 'consideration', and 'communication'. Thus, it has led to positive outcomes in the cultivation of future society's core competencies, including 'creative thinking skills', 'communication skills', and 'community skills'. Secondly, the HTE-STEAM constellation education program, despite covering the challenging concept of spacetime, was deemed easy by many students. Observations of students applying the spatial concepts they learned by using teaching aids suggest that the program was effective in enhancing students' understanding of the spatial structure of the sky and the universe. Additionally, this program aligns with the 2022 curriculum's updated standards for understanding the sky's spatial structure. Consequently, the HTE-STEAM constellation education program positively cultivates future society's core competencies and serves as a valuable complement to night observation practices in schools.

본 연구는 서울 사대문 안의 도시구조 특성과 이에 따른 건축공간의 구성유형을 살펴보기 위한 과정의 한 부분으로 진행되었다. 무라토리안 학파의 연구방법론을 기본으로 하여, 고지도와 문헌연구를 통한 도시조직의 변화와 남대문시장의 형성과정에 대한 조사를 실시하며, 현황조사를 위한 현장답사를 병행하여 진행하였다. 또한, 각종 사진과 단면 등의 자료 수집을 통한 입체적인 분석으로 도시 조직에 건축물이 어떻게 반응하는지를 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 통한 결론은 다음과 같다. 남대문시장의 건물은 가로에 인접하여 형성되는 것이 일반적이며, 건물의 외곽 부는 가로와 ‘직접소통’하며 적극적으로 가로를 실내로 유입한다. 주변 건물들의 경계는 해체되며, 내부공간은 다양한 방법으로 ‘면적확장’을 이루는 공통된 성향을 발견할 수 있었다. 이는 연구대상지역이 시장이라는 건축 프로그램적 특성, 즉 가로와 상업시설 간의 적극적인 소통과 유사 업종간의 군집에 따른 거대 상권형성을 위한 바닥면적 확보의 필요성에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다.

This study is a part of successive analyses of ancient district of Seoul to understand the construction types of architectural space according to the characters of urban structure. Based on the Muratorian school’s typo-morphological method, the study carried out the process of the transition of urban structure and the development of Namdae_Mun market district by reference review including old maps, the analysis of present conditions of the site by field survey. The study inspect closely how to respond the building to urban structure by 3-D analytic method by means of diverse photos and sections. The conclusion of the study summarized as follows. The buildings are generally located along to the road at close and the outer part of the buildings communicate directly with the road and inpour the road. The boundary of the buildings are disintegrated and the inner spaces makes 2 dimensional expansion. These phenomena come from the programmatic characters of market place. These urban-architectural characters result from direct communication between building and road, and the needs of the large floor area, which is essential to make big commercial district according to grouping the similar commercial types.

Blood pattern analysis is a technique that analyzes the size, location, shape, and distribution of blood pattern distributed at the scene of the incident to reveal the cause of the bleeding, and reconstructs a series of actions in chronological order. At the site of the bloodshed, gush, cast-off, impact spatter, expectorate, which are blood marks caused by projected, are observed in the classification system by the generation mechanism. In order to find the area of the origin of these bloodstains and to reconstruct the site, analysts are training using laser protractors and string connections or using a program called Hemospat to find the convergence point of the space, which is the price position. This study ignored gravity and air resistance, and compared the error value of using the triangular function and Spatter Angle app with using the Hemospat program. As a result of the study, when using the triangular function and Spatter Angle app, error value is derived to be less than 2 cm if the distance is less than 40 cm and the height is less than 120 cm.