Earticle

본 연구는 간호대학생의 대인관계능력 수준에 따른 대인관계능력에 대한 정서지능의 영향을 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구 진행을 위해 2019년 11월 29일부터 12월 16일까지 B광역시 소재 일 대학교 간호학과 재학생 126명 을 대상자로 자료수집 하였고 Anova, Regression 분석으로 자료분석을 하였다. 간호대학생들의 대인관계능력을 60점 미만과 60점 이상으로 분류하여 두 그룹별 정서지능의 영향요인을 살펴본 결과, 대인관계능력 평균 60점 미만 그룹에서 는 간호대학생들의 자기감정표현, 타인조절요인이 유의한 정적 영향요인(설명력, 22.5%)으로 나타났고, 대인관계능력 평균 60이상 그룹에서는 자기감정표현, 동기화가 유의한 영향요인으로 나타났다(설명력 33.6%). 본 연구의 결과에 따라 간호대학생들의 대인관계능력 교육에 있어 그들의 대인관계능력 수준을 고려한 맞춤식 접근을 제안한다.

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence according to the level of interpersonal relation competence. For the study, data were collected from 126 students in the department of nursing at a university located in B city from November 29 to December 16, 2019, and data were analyzed by Anova and Regression analysis. The interpersonal relation competence of nursing students was classified into less than 60 and 60 or more. In the group with an average of less than 60 in interpersonal relation competence. nursing students' self-emotional expression and control of others were significant positive effecting factors for interpersonal relation competence(explanatory power, 22.5%). In the group with an average of 60 or more in interpersonal relationship competence, self-emotional expression and Motivation were significant effecting factors(explanatory power 33.6%). According to the results of this study, we propose an individual approach according to their level of interpersonal relation competence for nursing education to improve the interpersonal relation competence abilities of nursing students.

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test the structural relationships between self efficacy and clinical performance among undergraduate nursing students. The model was based on Bandura’s self efficacy theory and a review of previous studies. The hypothesized model included emotional intelligence as a personal factor, self efficacy as self efficacy beliefs, problem solving ability as a skill, and clinical performance as a performance. Methods: Data were collected from June 23 to August 11, 2014 using structured questionnaires. The study sample was 205 senior nursing students. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. Results: The hypothesized model was shown to be x²=183.186 (dF=118), Goodness-of- Fit Index (GFI)=.91, Normed Fit Index (NFI)=.91, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=.96, and Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=.05. Self efficacy (β=.29 p=.033) and problem solving ability (β=.42 p=.007) had a direct effect on the clinical performance. Furthermore, self efficacy had mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and clinical performance. Conclusion: These findings provide that when developing nursing curriculum and intervention programs, self efficacy and problem solving ability should be considered as key factors facilitating the clinical performance of nursing students. Moreover, consideration should be given to the indirect effects of emotional intelligence subscales on clinical performance via self efficacy and problem solving ability.

Purpose: To identify the relationship between emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement among Chinese clinical nurses. Methods: This cross-sectional study is based on survey responses provided by 1744 registered nurses from a Chinese hospital. The survey utilized emotional intelligence, occupational well-being, and work engagement scales. Results: A questionnaire was distributed to nurses, and among them, 1744 filled it in. Work engagement was related to demographic characteristics. The nurses' work engagement score was 28.99±5.46. Work engagement was positively correlated with emotional intelligence (r=.94, p < .01) and occupational well-being (r=.96, p < .01). Conclusions: The current work engagement of nurses in China is at a medium level. It is influenced by emotional intelligence and occupational well-being.

Purpose: Improving productivity in nursing practice is an important issue. This study investigated factors affecting nursing productivity of Korean clinical nurses. Methods: A structured survey tool was used in a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 239 nurses working in university hospitals. Stepwise multiple regressions were done to identify influential factors. Results: The level of nursing productivity was at a moderate level (3.3 out of 5). Those nurses who were over 36, married, over master-graduated, regularly employed, on day duty, and with experiences as a charge or head nurse reported better achievements in nursing productivity than the other groups of nurses. All three independent variables, age, and employment status explained 55.4% of the variance in nursing productivity. Conclusion: The leaders and managers of nursing organizations should develop educational programs aimed at increasing nurses’ competencies in relation to emotion controls and communication skills, which consequently should improve nursing productivity.

Purpose: This study analyzes the emotional intelligence levels and conflict management strategies of nurses and the association between them. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 277 nurses in a stratified random sample from a university hospital in Turkey. The data were collected from nurses who gave their informed consent to participate using a personal information form, the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory-II and Bar-On's Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I). Data were assessed by descriptive statistics, t tests, and Pearson correlation analyses, using SPSS software. Results: The levels of the nurses' strategies were as follows: avoiding (M ¼ 2.98), dominating (M = 2.76), and obliging (M = 2.71) were medium; compromising (M = 1.99) and integration (M = 1.96) were low. The levels of the emotional intelligence of nurses (mean ¼ 2.75) were medium on a 5-point scale. Integration (r = .168), obliging (r = .25), dominating (r = .18), and compromising (r = .33), which are conflict management strategies, were positively correlated with scores of emotional intelligence, and avoiding (r = .25) was negatively correlated with scores of emotional intelligence (p < .05). Conclusions: The study determined that nurses' emotional intelligence affects conflict management strategies. To use effective strategies in conflict management, nurses must develop emotional intelligence. Training programs on conflict management and emotional intelligence are needed to improve effective conflict management in healthcare facilities.

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to identify the factors affecting adolescents’ emo- tional intelligence during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. Methods: We utilized the 4th-year data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, which comprise 1,852 adolescents living with both parents. The determinants of adolescents’ emotional intelligence were analyzed through stepwise multiple regression, considering parental, family, and school factors. Results: Parental factors, such as parents’ grit and emotional intelligence, were found to enhance adolescents’ emotional intelligence. Family factors, including parents’ positive parenting attitude and the average time spent with parents, also significantly enhance adolescents’ emotional intelligence. School factors, such as the number of remote class days during the previous semester, influenced adolescents’ emotional intelligence. Conclusion: Parental and family factors enhanced emotional intelligence, whereas school factors, particularly remote learning, negatively impacted it. The model explained 67.5% of variance, with parents' emotional intelligence being the strongest predictor. In- terventions should prioritize enhancing parental emotional competence and maintaining meaningful parent-child interactions, especially during educational disruptions.

Purpose: Current increase and complexity of medical tests and surgical procedures at outpatient department (OPD) require OPD nurses to have customer orientation focusing on various customers' interests and needs. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with customer orientation in nurses working at OPD of hospitals. Methods: The study used a descriptive correlational design with cross-sectional survey. The study settings were four general hospitals in Seoul and its metropolitan area. Data were collected from 138 OPD nurses from general hospitals. Study variables were personal traits, emotional intelligence, internal marketing, service management and customer orientation. Results: Factors associated with customer orientation were identified as conscientiousness from personal traits (b = .37, p < .001), emotional intelligence from individual characteristics (b = .21, p = .032), and internal marketing from environmental characteristics (b = .21, p = .001). Conclusions: Hospital administrators should support OPD nurses to cultivate sincere and sociable personal traits and emotional intelligence, and to consider employees as internal customers to improve patient-oriented services and satisfaction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of perceptions of death, end-of-life (EOL) care stress, and emotional intelligence on attitudes toward EOL care among nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: The participants were 111 nurses working in a NICU who had experienced EOL care at least once. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis in SPSS for Windows. Results: The mean score for perceptions of death was 3.16 out of 5, the mean score for EOL care stress was 3.61 out of 5, the mean emotional intelligence score was 4.66 out of 7, and the average score for EOL care attitudes was 2.77 out of 4. The factors affecting attitudes towards EOL care were academic degree, anxiety regarding death, negativity towards death, experiences of patient death, and emotional intelligence. The explanatory power of these variables for attitudes towards EOL care was 24.7%. Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to serve as a basic reference for the development of nursing education programs and EOL care protocols to improve attitudes toward EOL care among NICU nurses.

본 연구는 미국 소비자를 대상으로 전반적인 서비스 평가에 영향을 미치는 요인을 종사자 요 인과 소비자 요인의 두 차원으로 구분하고, 이들의 상대적 영향력을 구조방정식 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 종사자 요인으로는 고객이 인지한 지각된 진정성과 비진정성을, 소비자 요인으로 는 내적 심리자원인 소비자 감성지능을 연구의 주요 변인으로 구성하였다. 분석 결과, 종사자 의 진심 어린 노력으로 인식된 진정성은 소비자의 전반적인 서비스 평가에 긍정적 영향을 미 치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 고객이 서비스 상호작용 과정에서 종사자의 태도를 진정성 있게 받아들일수록 서비스 경험의 질을 더 높게 평가함을 의미하며, 인적 상호작용의 핵심 가치가 진정성에 있음을 보여준다. 또한 소비자의 감성지능 역시 서비스 평가에 긍정적 영향을 미치 는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 고객이 자신의 감정을 인식·조절하고 서비스 과정에서의 감정적 자 극을 긍정적으로 해석할수록 서비스 만족도가 높아짐을 시사한다. 반면 지각된 비진정성은 서 비스 평가에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 종사자의 표면적 감정표현이 고객 평가에 부정적 영향을 줄 것이라는 기대와 달리 미국 소비자들의 경우 서비스 상호작용에서 감정표현 의 진정성이 서비스 품질 평가의 주요 기준으로 작용하지 않을 수 있음을 시사한다. 결론적으 로 본 연구는 서비스 평가가 종사자의 진정성과 소비자의 감성지능이라는 두 가지 변수에 유 의한 영향을 미치는 반면 종사자의 비진정성은 서비스 평가에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나 타났다. 이는 서비스 기업이 피상적 친절 교육보다 진정성 기반의 상호작용 역량을 강화하고, 고객의 감성적 특성을 반영한 서비스 전략을 수립해야 함을 제시한다.

Purpose : This study aims to empirically investigate the factors influencing overall service evaluation among U.S. consumers by categorizing these factors into two dimensions: employee-related and consumer-related. Specifically, it examines the relative impact of perceived authenticity and perceived inauthenticity (employee-related factors) and consumer emotional intelligence (consumer-related factor) on service evaluation. Research design, data, methodology : The study employs a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach to analyze survey data collected from U.S. consumers. Perceived authenticity and perceived inauthenticity are conceptualized as employee-related constructs reflecting customers’ perceptions during service interactions, while consumer emotional intelligence represents an internal psychological resource of the customer. The model tests the direct effects of these three variables on overall service evaluation. Results : Findings reveal that perceived authenticity significantly and positively affects overall service evaluation, indicating that customers who perceive employees’ attitudes as genuine rate the quality of service higher. Consumer emotional intelligence also shows a positive and significant impact on service evaluation, suggesting that customers with better emotional regulation and positive interpretation skills maintain higher satisfaction. In contrast, perceived inauthenticity does not have a statistically significant effect on service evaluation, contrary to common expectations. Conclusions : The results suggest that overall service evaluation is primarily influenced by employee perceived authenticity and consumer emotional intelligence, while perceived inauthenticity does not significantly affect customer evaluations. These findings imply that service firms should focus more on promoting authentic employee-customer interactions rather than superficial courtesy training and consider customers’ emotional capabilities when designing differentiated service strategies.

목적: 본 연구는 헤어살롱 종사자를 대상으로 감성지능이 고객지향성과 조직성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고 고객지향성이 조 직성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이러한 연구를 통해 헤어살롱 종사자의 감성지능의 중요성을 인식하고 바 람직한 관리방안을 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 서울, 경기 지역의 헤어살롱 종사자를 대상으로 설문지법을 통해 수집된 자료 239부는 SPSS 22.0을 사용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석을 실시하였고, AMOS 21.0을 통해 확인적 요인분석, 구조방정식 모형분석을 실시하 였다. 결과: 감성지능이 고객지향성, 조직성과에 부분적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 고객지향성이 조직성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 감성지능을 효율적으로 관리할 필요가 있음을 확인하였다. 결론: 본 연구 결과에 따른 시사점으로는 먼저 있는 그대로의 자신을 인식하고 표현할 수 있는 분위기를 조성해야 하고, 감정활용을 극대화할 수 있는 제 도와 교육지원이 필요하며, 감성경영 도입으로 조직성과를 높이기 위해 힘써야 할 것이다.

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of emotional intelligence on the customer orientation and organizational performance of hair salon workers and the effects of customer orientation on their organizational performance. Through our research, we recognized the importance of emotional intelligence for hair salon workers, and we have suggested methods of management that are likely to be more effective. Methods: Data from 239 questionnaires administered to hair salon workers in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas were analyzed using frequency and reliability analyses by employing SPSS 22.0. Further, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model analysis were performed on the data using AMOS 21.0. Results: Emotional intelligence had a significant effect on customer orientation and organizational performance, and customer orientation had a significant effect on organizational performance. Conclusion: The implications of this study include the necessity to manage emotional intelligence efficiently and to create an atmosphere where workers can recognize and express themselves as they are. Further, workers need systemic and educational support to maximize their ability to utilize their full emotional range.

目的: 研究情绪智力对美发沙龙员工顾客导向和组织绩效的影响，以及顾客导向对其组织绩效的影响。通过我 们的研究，我们认识到情商对于美发沙龙工作人员的重要性，并且我们提出了更有效的管理方法。方法: 采用 SPSS22.0对首尔和京畿道地区239名美发沙龙工作人员进行问卷调查，并进行频度和信度分析。此外，利用 AMOS 21.0对数据进行验证性因素分析和结构方程模型分析。结果: 情绪智力对顾客导向和组织绩效有显著影 响，顾客导向对组织绩效有显著影响。结论: 这项研究的意义包括必须有效地管理情绪智力，并创造一种氛围， 使员工能够识别和表达自己的本来面目。此外，工人需要系统和教育支持，以最大限度地利用他们的全部情感 范围的能力。

Turnover is on the rise among service employees in China; thus, there is increased pressure for scholars and practitioners to find new ways to reduce turnover despite decades of research. This study sought to further comprehend the psychological dynamics of employee turnover among Chinese service employees. Utilizing an empirical methodology, this research develops a new conceptual framework, and provides evidence for two behavioral theories: Social Cognitive Theory and Conservation of Resources Theory. The findings reveal consequential links between emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, job stress, job satisfaction and turnover intention. The results of this study also underline the importance of emotional intelligence for service employees in 21st Century China. This sample set is taken from a younger and more educated workforce that is likely representative of a new generation of service employees in China. Based on the behavioral theories used to develop the conceptual framework, this study also highlights the significance of psychology for improving service employee job satisfaction and reducing turnover and job stress. Considering the continuously changing environment in China, stress is likely to continue to be an important factor among Chinese service employees. This research emphasizes how emotional intelligence and self-efficacy play a part in reducing job stress and improving job satisfaction for service employees. According to this study increased emotional intelligence and self-efficacy can significantly reduce job stress and turnover intention; furthermore, job satisfaction is also increased by developing emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. Practical implications suggest that employers should carefully consider the emotional intelligence of their employees and accumulated job stress in order to reduce turnover rates. Training programs designed to improve emotional intelligence should prove to be priceless tools for managers of service employees, especially when they are interested in reducing turnover and job stress. Future research employing this framework and findings could provide a better comprehension of the persistent problem of employee turnover throughout the world. As globalization, climate change and economic development drive change throughout the world there is little doubt that employee turnover will continue to bedevil practitioners and scholars.

Ubiquitous learning has aroused great interest and is becoming a new way for foreign language education in today’s society. However, how to increase the learners’ initiative and their community cohesion is still an issue that deserves more profound research and studies. Emotional intelligence can help to detect the learner’s emotional reactions online, and therefore stimulate his interest and the willingness to participate by adjusting teaching skills and creating fun experiences in learning. This is, actually the new concept of smart education. Based on the previous research, this paper concluded a neural mechanism model for analyzing the learners’ emotional characteristics in ubiquitous environment, and discussed the intelligent monitoring and automatic recognition of emotions from the learners’ speech signals as well as their behavior data by multi-agent system. Finally, a framework of emotional intelligence system was proposed concerning the smart foreign language education in ubiquitous learning.

The study makes several contributions to not only the adoption literature by examining the influence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Big-Five traits on adoption of Augmented Reality (AR) but also given its utility in both industry and research, it contributes to the interesting inter-disciplinary domain of psychology, information systems, and human behaviour. A quantitative based approach using a sample of 275 respondents was undertaken. It is found that emotional intelligence influence both perceived ease-of-use and perceived usefulness. They in turn influence intention to use. Another important observation is that personality traits (openness and agreeableness) have a significant moderating effect on the relation between attitude and intention to use AR. This research will help academicians and executives working on the adoption of AR in various sectors ranging from retail industry to the education sector. The originality of this study is that it explores the impact of EI on the acceptance of AR and helps in extending the literature in interdisciplinary research.

조직의 효과성은 조직 구성원의 의지와 노력에 의존하며, 이를 높이기 위한 방안 중의 하나가 조직시민행동(organizational citizen behavior)이다. 조직시민행동은 조직에 의해 개인이 공식적으로 수행해야 할 업무와 관련된 행동은 아니지만, 조직의 입장에서 보면 조직의 발전을 위해 바람직한 행동들이다. 조직의 구조중심적 접근의 한계가 나타나고 있는 현대 조직에서 조직 구성원들의 조직시민행동을 높이기 위한 새로운 접근방법으로서 구성원의 심리적 요인이 강조되고 있으며, 이러한 조직 구성원들의 심리적 욕구 충족을 시켜 주는 방안으로 리더의 정서 지능이 중요한 방안으로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구는 조직 구성원들의 조직시민행동을 높이기 위해서는 상관 특히 리더의 정서적 능력(emotional intelligence)이 중요하다고 보고, 리더의 정서 지능과 구성원들의 조직시민행동간의 영향력을 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 경상남도 지역에 근무하는 공무원들(리더, 구성원)을 대상으로 경험적 자료를 수집하였다. 특히 조사에 참여한 리더(5급 이상 전제) 103명, 구성원(5급 미만 전제) 339명으로부터 설문지를 회수/분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 Hartline & Ferrell(1996)의 연구에 따라, 구성원(부하)용 설문지를 산술평균을 통해 총합(aggregated)하였으며, 3명의 구성원이 리더 1명과 조합되었다. Hartline & Ferrell은 병원서비스 종사자의 관리에 관한 단일연구에서 의료진을 중심으로 간호사, 환자들의 응답을 산술평균을 통해 총합함으로써 이들 3개 집단의 평가를 경험적으로 연결하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 먼저, 이론적 논의를 통해 분석의 이론적 근거를 제시하고, 변인들간의 영향경로를 분석할 수 있는 인과모형을 작성하고, 둘째, 실증분석을 위한 자료를 수집하고 경험적 검증을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 분석 결과에 근거하여 효율적인 조직관리를 위한 시사점을 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 리더의 정서적 능력이 구성원들의 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 분석결과를 통해 구성원들의 자발적 행동인 조직시민행동을 높이기 위한 방안의 하나로 리더의 정서적 능력의 중요성을 확인하였다.

Analyzing the relationship between leaders' EI and employees' OCBs in local government organization, this study was to review whether those independent variables were significantly identified as powerful determinants of variation in public employees' OCBs. The correlation between EI and OCBs in this study was both highly significant(p= .000) and substantial, which is indicative of a strong relationship between EI and OCBs, sequently resulting in organization outcomes in local government and meaning that all of the associated Pearson r correlations are indicative of possessing a significant and substantial relationship with OCBs. On the one hand, in the analysis of t-Test for hypotheses on whether a higher degree of EI will explain OCBs more than a low degree of EI, OCBs were more positively affected by high versus low levels of EI(p < 0.05).

Literature can establish a particular frame of emotions which allows deeper understanding into it and simulating our social relations. Also, emotional intelligence (EI/EQ) which seeks to fuse cognition and emotion interlocks with social and interpersonal mechanisms involved in language learning. Given the lack of empirical study, the present study is intended to explore the relationship between EI and interpretation of literature among 345 Iranian EFL graduate and undergraduate participants from six Iranian universities. As an additional goal, participants’ major of study and gender are investigated to see how they relate to emotional intelligence skills. EI has been defined in terms of two instruments, based on two models of emotional intelligence, while literature has been limited to short stories and poems. To collect data, MSCEIT and EQ-Map measures of emotional intelligence as well as fourteen short stories and poems were selected and administered by the researcher among the participants, majoring in English literature, translation and teaching of English. Pearson Product correlation procedures and multivariate analysis were conducted. The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between EI (MSCEIT and EQ-Map) scores and scores from the interpretation of stories and poems. Furthermore, the female participants were found to have higher EI than the male ones. However, the participants from the three English majors did not differ significantly in terms of EI scores. By implication, syllabus designers should orient a curriculum towards using language through literary genres such as short stores. Also, the tasks and problem-solving activities in the syllabuses should not be necessarily be the same for both male and female EFL learners.

이 연구는 평생교육사의 감성지능, 조직침묵, 이직의도 간의 구조적 관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 그리고 이때 평생교육사들의 근무기간에 따른 조절효과가 나타나는지를 확인하고 자 하였다. 이를 위해 평생학습도시의 평생교육사 350명을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 연구문제는 첫째, 감성지능, 조직침묵, 이직의도 간에는 어떠한 관계인가?, 둘째, 조직침묵 은 감성지능과 이직의도 사이에서 매개하는가?, 셋째, 감성지능, 조직침묵, 이직의도 간 구 조적 관계에서 근무기간의 차이에 따른 효과가 있는가? 로 설정하였다.수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램과 AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 감성지능은 조직침묵과 이직의도에 유의한 부적 영향을 주었으며, 조직침묵은 이직의도에 유의한 정적 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 조직침묵은 감성지능과 이직의도 사이에서 간접매개효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 매개효과의 검증은 붓스트랩 절차를 통하여 확인하였 다. 셋째, 감성지능, 조직침묵, 이직의도의 구조적 관계에서 근무기간에 따른 유의한 조절 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 공공영역에서 근무하는 평생교육사의 이직의도를 낮 추는 방안을 강구하는 데 그 의의를 두고 있다.

This study attempted to analyze the structural relationship between emotional intelligence, organizational silence, and turnover intention of lifelong educators. And at this time, it was intended to check whether there was a moderating effect according to the working period of lifelong educators. To this end, a study was conducted on 350 lifelong educators in lifelong learning cities. The research question is, first, what is the relationship between emotional intelligence, organizational silence, and turnover intention? Second, does organizational silence mediate between emotional intelligence and turnover intention? Third, is there an effect according to the difference in working period in the structural relationship between emotional intelligence, organizational silence, and turnover intention? It was set to .The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program and the AMOS 21.0 program. The results of this study are as follows. First, emotional intelligence had a significant negative effect on organizational silence and turnover intention, and organizational silence had a significant positive effect on turnover intention. Second, it was confirmed that organizational silence had an indirect mediating effect between emotional intelligence and turnover intention. The verification of the mediating effect was confirmed through the brushstrap procedure. Third, it was confirmed that there was a significant moderating effect according to the working period in the structural relationship between emotional intelligence, organizational silence, and turnover intention. The significance of this study is to devise a plan to lower the turnover intention of lifelong educators working in the public sector.

목적: 본 연구는 미용관련 유학생의 정서지능이 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고, 정서지능이 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 분석하여, 최근 K-뷰티로 인해 미용교육의 글로벌화로 인한 교육기관의 중요성을 강조하고, 정서지능을 통해 자아탄력성 과 주관적 안녕감을 높일 수 있는 방법을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 방법: 미용관련 유학생을 대상으로 설문지법을 통해 수집 된 자료 253부는 SPSS 22.0을 사용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 요인분석, 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 미용관련 유학생의 정서 지능이 자아탄력성과 주관적 안녕감에 부분적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나, 가설은 부분 채택되었다. 정서지능의 감 정이입능력과 사고촉진능력이 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구 결과에 따른 시사점으로는 첫째, 유학생을 가르 치는 부모 및 교사들에게는 학생들의 정서적 특성의 중요성을 인식하고 지도할 수 있도록 자료를 제공해 주어야 한다. 둘째, 학교에 서는 정서지능 향상을 위한 다양한 프로그램을 보급해 주어야 한다. 셋째, 유학생을 위한 상담 프로그램을 개발하여 시행해야 한다. 그로 인해 유학의 사회적 인식을 긍정적으로 끌어올리고, 학생들이 자부심과 긍지를 가질 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.

Purpose: This study examined the effect of emotional intelligence on the selfelasticity of beauty-related international students, and it analyzes the effect of emotional intelligence on subjective well-being, highlighting the importance of educational institutions, due to the recent globalization of beauty education resulting from K-beauty. The goal was to propose a way to increase self-elasticity and subjective well-being through emotional intelligence. Methods: SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the frequency, reliability, factor analysis, and regression analysis of 253 copies of data collected through a questionnaire given to beauty-related international students. Results: It was found that the emotional intelligence of international students related to beauty had a significant effect on self-elasticity and subjective well-being, and the hypothesis was partially adopted. It was also found that the emotional intelligence’s empathy and thought-promoting abilities had a great influence. Conclusion: First, parents and teachers who teach international students should be provided with materials to recognize and guide the importance of the students’ emotional characteristics. Second, schools should provide various programs to improve emotional intelligence. Third, counseling programs for international students should be developed and implemented. As a result, it is necessary to positively raise the social perception of studying abroad and to make students proud.

目的: 探讨情商对与容相关专业的留学生自我弹性的影响，并分析了情商对主观幸福感的影响，强调了教育机构 的重要性，这归因于近来K美容使得美容教育的全球化。为的是提出一种通过情商提高自我弹性和主观幸福感的 方法。方法: 使用SPSS 22.0分析通过对与美容相关的国际学生的问卷调查收集的253份数据的频率，可靠性， 因子分析和回归分析。结果: 研究发现，与美容相关专业的留学生的情商对自我弹性和主观幸福感有显着影响， 并且该假设被部分采纳。还发现，情商的同理心和促进思想的能力有很大的影响。结论: 首先，应该向留学生的 父母和老师提供材料，以认识和指导学生情感特征的重要性。其次，学校应提供各种计划来提高情商。第三， 应制定和实施针对留学生的辅导计划。因此，有必要积极提高出国留学的社会意识，并使学生感到自豪。

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among emotional intelligence, creativity, and academic achievement among adult learners in order to provide practical implications regarding how emotional intelligence can be utilized to enhance academic achievement in an era characterized by a declining school-age population and the growing importance of lifelong education. The study targeted adult learners enrolled in a four-year university located in Jeonbuk Province and adult education institutions located in Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0. The results of the study are as follows. First, among the four dimensions of emotional intelligence, self-emotion appraisal and use of emotion had significant positive effects on creativity, whereas others’ emotion appraisal and regulation of emotion did not have significant effects on creativity. Second, creativity was found to have a significant positive effect on academic achievement. Third, self-emotion appraisal and use of emotion were found to have significant direct effects on academic achievement. These findings provide important implications for universities and lifelong education institutions, which have traditionally focused primarily on student recruitment while paying relatively little attention to the development of learners’ emotional intelligence and creativity after enrollment. Given the continuing decline in the number of prospective students and the increasing importance of lifelong education, the findings suggest that universities and adult education practitioners should devote greater efforts to fostering and managing the emotional intelligence of adult learners as a means of enhancing their academic achievement and strengthening institutional competitiveness.

최근 외국인 유학생들의 한국어 학습 수요가 급격히 증가함에 따라, 한국 내 대학에서의 외국인 유학생 특히 중국인 유학생을 대상으로 한 한국어 교육의 효과성 향상이 중요한 교육적 이슈로 부상하고 있다. 교육부(2025) 통계에 따르면, 2024년 기준 국내 외국인 유학 생은 약 25.3만명이고 그 중 40% 이상이 중국 국적이다. 외국인 유학생들의 어학연수와 정 규 학위 과정 모두에서 한국어 능력 향상을 위한 지속적인 노력이 이루어지고 있으며, 다 수를 차지하고 있는 중국인 유학생을 대상으로 한국어 교육의 효과성 제고가 필요한 상황 이다. 본 연구는 국내 대학에 재학 중인 중국인 유학생을 대상으로, 한국어 교육이 학습자 의 자기개념, 정서지능, 자기표현을 매개로 교육목표 달성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실 증적으로 분석하였다. 연구는 2024년 10월 한 달간 온라인 설문을 통해 유효 표본 314명을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 다중회귀분석과 구조방정식 모형(SEM)을 활용하여 변수 간 관계를 심층 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 자기개념의 하위요인 중 신체적 강인함, 유능감, 신체적 자아 존중감이 모두 자기표현에 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 신체적 강인함의 영향력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 정서지능의 하위요인 중 공감능력과 감정 인식 및 표현 능력이 자기표현에 강한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학습자 의 심리적 요인이 학습 성과와 밀접하게 연관되어 있음을 실증적으로 확인할 수 있었고, 향후 학습자 중심의 교수·학습 전략 및 교육과정 설계에 실질적 시사점을 제공하였다.

Recent surges in demand for Korean language learning among international students, particularly Chinese students in South Korea, have made improving the effectiveness of Korean language education a critical educational issue within domestic universities. According to Ministry of Education (2025) statistics, approximately 253,000 foreign students resided in South Korea in 2024, with more than 40% being Chinese nationals. These international students, including both language trainees and full-degree seekers, are continuously striving to improve their Korean proficiency. Given the large proportion of Chinese students, enhancing the effectiveness of Korean language education for this group is imperative. This study empirically analyzed how Korean language education affects educational goal achievement via learners’ self-concept, emotional intelligence, and self-expression among Chinese international students enrolled in Korean universities. The research was conducted through an online survey in October 2024, with 314 valid responses analyzed using multiple regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the relationships among the variables. Results showed that sub-factors of self-concept, including physical strength, competence, and physical self-worth, had significant positive effects on self-expression, with physical strength exerting the strongest influence. Furthermore, emotional intelligence sub-factors of empathy and emotional perception and expression were found to strongly affect self-expression. These findings empirically confirm that learners’ psychological factors are closely related to learning outcomes, providing practical implications for learner-centered teaching strategies and curriculum design.

기능성 게임은 현재 치료, 의학 관련 검사, 인지발달, 특수훈련 및 교육콘텐츠로서 많은 분야에 적용되고 있 다. 아동을 위해서도 주의, 작업기억, 공간인지 및 협응 능력 등 다양한 인지 및 인지 신경검사와 이런 인지 기능들의 증진을 위해 개발되고 있다. 하지만 놀이의 중요한 기능 중 정서적인 부분이 차지하는 것에 비해 기능성 게임이 보여준 역할은 매우 부족하며 아직 기초적 연구 단계에 머물러 있다. 컴퓨터 게임을 통한 정 서적 상호작용의 학습에 대한 연구와 도전이 시급하다. 본 연구에서는 아동의 정서 지능 측정을 위한 기능성 게임 개발을 목표에 두고 정서지능의 요소 중 하나인 타인의 정서 인식능력을 측정하는 게임을 개발하고자 하였다. 정서적 지능의 기초 요소인 정서인식이 기능성 게임으로 측정되고 나아가 향상될 수 있다면 아동의 정서지능을 위한 기능성 게임에 대한 새로운 가능성들을 여는 계기가 될 것이다. 실험 결과 개발된 정서지능 측정용 기능성 게임의 점수는 정서지능의 하위 요소인 정서인식, 감정이입, 정서활용과 통계적으로 유의미한 정적 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 인지적 처리와 비교적 관련이 많은 사고촉진과 정서통제 요인과는 상관을 보 이지 않았다. 이는 얼굴의 표정을 이용하여 긍정적인 자극에 대한 초등학생들의 정서적 반응을 이끌어내고 이를 게임의 점수로 환산하는 것으로서의 가능성을 잘 보여준다고 볼 수 있다.

Serious Games represent a global substitute for the traditional plays in the role of cognitive and emotional development of children. Today serious games can promise children to enhance various cognitive abilities. But systematical investigation about measuring or enhancing emotional abilities such as emotional intelligence using Serious Games was rarely executed. Then, the present study try to investigate how it is possible to measure emotional intelligence utilizing Serious Game. For the goal, we developed a serious game for measuring emotional identification that is one of sub-factors of emotional intelligence and analyzed the correlation between the score of the game and children's emotional intelligence. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between children's emotional intelligence and game scores that required cognitive ability like selective attention or digit span but the significant correlation between children's emotional intelligence and the game scores based on correct response to emotional face. This result indicates that Serious Game can be used as a tool for measuring emotional intelligence. Furthermore, several issues about Serious Game for a measuring and enhancing children's emotional competences was discussed.