Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 제주시 비시가화지역 개발실태 분석에 있다. 첫째, 제주도는 전국에 비해 자연녹지지역과 관리지역이 상대적으로 높다. 따라서 이 지역에 대한 개발압력이 높다. 둘째, 제주시 건축허가와 건축신고 분석 결과, 건축허가는 동지역이 높았으며, 건축신고는 읍·면지역이 높았다. 이유는 읍면지역 건축규모가 동지역에 비해 작거나, 비도시지역 규제가 도시지역에 비해 완화되었기 때문이다. 따라서 비도시지역에 대한 건축규제 재검토가 필요하다. 셋째, 시가화지역과 비시가화지역 비교분석에서 비시가화지역이 시가화지역에 비해 건축행위가 2.7배 높았다. 그리고 용도지역별 비교분석에서 시가화지역은 주거지역이 높으나, 비시가화지역이 자연녹지지역과 계획관리지역이 높다. 따라서 비시가화지역에 대한 성장관리방안이 도입되어야 한다. 넷째, 공동주택은 택지개발 및 도시개발사업 지역에서 많았으며, 단독주택은 읍면지역에서 많이 공급되고 있다. 이는 제주로 유입되는 이주민이 주로 읍면지역에서 많이 살고 있으며, 이들의 정주환경을 개선하기 위해 다양한 인프라 공급이 필요하다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the status of non-urbanized area development in Jeju City. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province has relatively larger natural green area and management area than other regions in South Korea. Therefore, the pressure for development is relatively high in Jeju. This study finds that the number of building permits issued by Jeju city is higher in Dong areas, while the number of construction reports is higher in Eup-Myeon areas. The reason is that the size of buildings is smaller in municipal (Dong) area than in rural (Eup-Myeon) area or the regulation became relaxed in non-urban areas. Therefore, Jeju government needs to reconsider the construction regulations for non-urban areas. This study also finds that the frequency of buildings construction in non-urban areas was 2.7 times higher than urban areas. Because the urbanization areas have more residential areas but the non-urban areas have more natural greenery areas and planned management areas, a growth management plan should be introduced to the non-urbanized areas. In addition, apartment houses are mostly located in the residential development and urban development project area, while many houses are constructed in Eup-Myeon areas. The reason is that most immigrants into Jeju have settled in Eup-Myeon areas. To improve their settlement environment, various infrastructures need to be supplied in those areas.

The purpose of this research is to present basic data for the development of NCS learning module in hair beauty field by analyzing the current status of NCS learning module development. In order to achieve the research objectives, relevant prior research, NCS site, primary, secondary and tertiary learning modules were analyzed. As a result of the research, the learning module was developed three times, reflecting the needs of education-related institutions and industries, the ability units were subdivided and the contents of the learning module were modified and supplemented. It is estimated that this research will help the relevant research and policy decision in the future by analyzing the development status of the National Competency Standards (NCS) and learning modules in the hair beauty field, and by studying the characteristics, differences, modifications and complements of each. It is meaningful in contributing to the training of hair beauty jobs required by the Skills Review Board and providing basic data for the development of the beauty industry.

After 40 years of reforming and opening up, China has achieved gratifying results in economic development. In the meantime, China's current healthcare system is still unable to effectively meet the demand for high-end medical care caused by serious illnesses and accidental injuries. Furthermore, there are still a large number of low-income individuals in China who do not have comprehensive medical insurance. The medical and health online mutual aid platform is a solution to this problem, and it is a supplement and support to the medical insurance system. Online mutual aid is a combination of the traditional form of insurance and the internet. Using the information matching function of the internet, members promise to bear each other's risk of losses through agreements. At present, there are more than ten major online mutual aid platforms in the Chinese market. Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in late 2019, the online mutual aid platform, as an effective supplementary part of China's national medical insurance, has also emerged as a supporting force in this sudden outbreak. Many online mutual aid platforms temporarily include "new coronavirus - infected pneumonia" as a temporary upgrade of mutual aid. The medical and health online mutual aid platform provides services that can replace medical insurance for low-income individuals, such as serious illness relief and accidental injury, and has great potential for future development. For the above reasons, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis after collecting the latest relevant academic research materials in China. Starting from the analysis of the development background of China's medical and health online mutual aid platform industry, it focuses on the development status of China's online mutual aid platform industry and the cases of China's most representative online mutual aid platform operating enterprises. Based on the research on the development status of China's medical online mutual aid platform, the main problems of China's current online mutual aid platform industry are derived, and the future prospects for development of the industry are analyzed. Finally, from the perspective of promoting the development of similar industries in Korea, this paper suggests that the development of China's online mutual aid platform industry can inform a similar industry in Korea.

With the rapid development of China's economy, urban traffic congestion has become a chronic factor affecting the traveling of Chinese people. Due to the popularity of private cars in China in recent years, a great deal of car exhaust emissions have come about, which has caused serious pollution to the air quality in various cities in China. It is against this background that the shared economic model has developed rapidly in China. Representative industries sharing the economic model, the development of commercial bike-sharing service is the most prominent. Bike-sharing means that the enterprise provides a bicycle sharing service on campus, subway station, bus stop, residential area, commercial area, public service area and the like, and is a time-sharing rental mode. Bike-sharing is a product of integration and innovation of ICT technology and traditional bicycles. It is both an innovation in transport mode and an innovation in the industry. Bike-sharing has swept the streets of China's large and medium-sized cities, its development is very rapid. In China, Bike-sharing can be considered to be based on Online to Offline technology. The O2O bike-sharing service makes it easy to borrow and rent your bike by using advanced Internet technology and leveraging a smart-phone app. However, there are various problems with its rapid growth, which need to be solved. So far, there has been very little research on the development of China’s O2O bike-sharing and the China’s bike-sharing industry in the Korean academic community. Moreover, most of the previous materials were published earlier in the year, and the previous papers and research on O2O bike-sharing mentioned in this paper are very inadequate. This paper starts with the analysis of the development history of China's bike-sharing industry, and analyzes the current status of the development of China's O2O bike-sharing industry and the most representative examples of bike-sharing enterprises in China. Based on the research on the development status of China’O2O bike-sharing industry, the paper presents the main problems existing in China’s current bike-sharing industry and proposes the suggestions to Korea from the perspective of promoting the development of the Korea’s bike-sharing industry.

Cruise industry in Europe and the United States has a hundred years of development history.However, in recent years the European and American traditional cruise markets is becoming saturated, while the Asian cruise market is developing rapidly.The most important part of the Asian cruise industry is the development of the cruise industry in China.Since 2006, China has become the largest cruise market of Asia after only a decade of development. The development of China's cruise market has aroused great concern around the world's major cruise operators.Recently, Royal Caribbean Cruises, Costa Cruises, Genting HK as the representative of the foreign cruise enterprises opened up a new route from the China's ports, and continue to put in new cruises.At the same time, China's domestic cruise enterprises have also formed a certain scale.It is predicted that China's cruise market will become the Asia-Pacific region's most dynamic and largest cruise market in the recent future.However, there are still some problems to be solved in China’s cruise industry. In recent years, the economic and trade exchanges between China and Korea have become increasingly closer, the number of Chinese tourists to Korea is also growing year by year, some of which is to travel through the cruise to Korea.Therefore, it is important to study the development of China's cruise industry and explore cooperation between the two countries in the cruise industry. Based on the study of the development of cruise industry in China, this study has drawn the main problems existing in the cruise industry in China and put forward the cooperation suggestions between the two countries.

과거 한국의 역사교육은 ‘단군의 자손’, ‘단일민족’, ‘순혈주의’에 입각한 민 족주의 일변도의 교육이었다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 그러나 한국사회가 다문 화 시대로 이행하면서 민족주의적 역사교육의 한계를 극복하고 다문화 시대 에 적합한 새로운 역사교육의 방향을 모색하려는 움직임이 나타나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지금까지 출간된 다문화 역사교재(총 15권)를 초등과 중등으 로 구분하여 교재개발의 취지, 내용구성의 특징 등을 살펴보고, 이를 통하여 앞으로의 다문화 역사교육 교재개발의 과제를 조망하였다. 분석 결과, 본문에서 살펴 본 다문화 역사교육 교재들은 국내외 다양한 연 구 성과를 반영하고 있으며, 현행 검정 역사교과서와는 별도로 중등학교에서 역사 부교재 및 역사학습 보조 자료로 활용할 수 있도록 기획되었다. 이들 교 재들은 한국이 오랜 옛날부터 다문화 사회였다는 것이 아니라 한국사의 전개 과정에서 각 시대별로 다양한 문화적 요소들이 유입되었으며, 그러한 요소들 이 오늘날 한국문화를 형성하는 데 영향을 주었다는 점을 강조하고 있다. 또한, 다문화 교육의 대상에 대한 인식에 있어서도 변화가 요구된다. 다문 화가정 자녀들이 다문화 교육의 대상이라는 고정관념을 버리고, 주류 사회의 다수를 차지하고 있는 내국인에 대한 문화다양성 교육이 우선되어야 할 것이 다. 아울러 다문화 교육의 획일화를 경계하면서도, 다문화 교육의 실천 공간 을 학교에만 한정하지 말고 가정과 지역사회가 연계하여 함께 논의하고 공조 하는 협력체제의 구축이 필요하다.

It is no exaggeration to say that Korea's history education in the past was a nationalistic education based on 'the descendants of Dangun', 'one nation', and 'pure blood'. However, as Korean society transitions to the multicultural era, there is a movement to overcome the limitations of nationalist history education and to seek a new direction for history education suitable for the multicultural era. In this thesis, the purpose of the development of textbooks and the characteristics of content structure were examined by dividing the published multicultural history textbooks (total 15 books) into elementary and secondary schools. Through this, the task of future multicultural history education textbook development was anticipated. As a result of the analysis, the multicultural history education textbooks reflect various research achievements at home and abroad, and apart from the current certified history textbooks, they were designed to be used as auxiliary history textbooks and history study aids in elementary and secondary schools. These textbooks do not emphasize that Korea has been a multicultural society since long ago, but emphasize that various cultural elements were introduced in each period in the development of Korean history, and that these elements influenced the formation of Korean culture today. In addition, a change is required in the perception of the object of multicultural education. It is necessary to abandon the stereotype that children of multicultural families are objects of multicultural education and to give priority to cultural diversity education for Koreans who occupy the majority of mainstream society. In addition, while being wary of the uniformity of multicultural education, it is necessary to establish a cooperative system in which families and local communities can discuss and cooperate together, rather than limiting the practice space of multicultural education to only schools

In this study, we investigate the changes and realities of the content production process focusing on Image generation AI revolutions such as Stable Diffusion, Midjourney, and DELL-E, and examine the current status of related department operations at universities and Find out the status of the current curriculum. Through this, we suggest the need to produce AI-adaptive content talent through re-establishing the capabilities of content-related departments in art universities and quickly introducing curriculum. This is because it can be input into the efficient AI content development system currently being applied in industrial fields, and it is necessary to cultivate talent who can perform managerial and technical roles using various AI systems in the future. In conclusion, we will prepare cornerstone research to establish the university’s status as a source of talent that can lead the content industry beyond the AI content production era, and focus on convergence capabilities and experience with the goal of producing convergence talent to cultivate AI adaptive content talent, suggests the direction of curriculum application for value creation.

가상현실 기술은 20 세기에 개발 된 새로운 실용적인 기술이다. 최근에는 가상현실(VR) 기술의 지속적인 발전 과 개선으로 관련 산업이 빠르게 발전하고 있으며, 가상현실 기술의 활용으로 실감나는 다양한 영상콘텐츠는 사용자에 게 더 나은 시각적 경험을 제공하고 있다. 또한 상호 작용 및 상상력 측면에서 뛰어난 특성을 가지고 있어 영상콘텐츠 제작 분야에서 밝은 전망을 기대할 수 있다. 본 논문은 현 단계에서 VR 비디오의 디스플레이의 종류, 기술, 그리고 사용자가 VR 비디오를 보는 방법을 소개하였다. 더불어 과거 VR 장비와 현재 장비의 해상도 차이를 비교 분석하고 해상도가 VR 영상에 영향을 미치는 이유를 탐구하였다. 미래 VR 영상 발전 중에서 몇개 발전 방향을 제출하고 사람들 에게 생활 편의를 제공할 것이다.

Virtual reality technology is a new practical technology developed in the 20th century. In recent years, the related industry is rapidly developing due to the continuous development and improvement of virtual reality (VR) technology, and various image contents that are realistic through the use of virtual reality technology provide users with a better visual experience. In addition, it has excellent characteristics in terms of interaction and imagination, so a bright prospect can be expected in the field of video content production. This paper introduced the types of display of VR video, technology, and how users view VR video at the current stage. In addition, the difference in resolution between the past VR equipment and the current equipment was compared and analyzed, and the reason why the resolution affects the VR image was explored. Among the future development of VR video, we will present some development directions and provide convenience to people.

This study was conducted to analyze the current management status of green tea processors in two regions (Hadong-gun and Boseong-gun) in Korea and to suggest directions for the development of the green tea industry based on an understanding their difficulties in management. This study showed that the number of green tea farms and the cultivation area had decreased, while the average unit sales price of green tea in Boseong-gun was approximately three times higher than that in Hadong-gun. Also, this study found that Hadong-gun mainly provided green tea products to wholesalers, whereas Boseong-gun sold it directly to the local retail stores targeting tourists, and this results in generating relatively higher unit prices. Meanwhile, we discovered that both regions had difficulties in management which were caused by the demand for low delivery unit costs from large corporations and small food companies. Therefore, in order to develop the green tea industry in both regions, the size of green tea fields and the scenery satisfaction should be improved to draw more tourists and boost tourists’ intention to revisit. In addition, it is necessary to enhance guidance and accessibility of related tourist sites, to expand green tea experience activities, and to improve product satisfaction by developing various goods. By inducing more tourists in these ways, it could change the sales type of green tea from wholesale to retail and help activate the management of green tea processors.

The recent global warming may be estimated to give lots of impacts to the human society and biosphere of influencing climate change included by the natural climate variations through the human activity which can directly and/or indirectly play a major role of total atmospheric composition overall. Therefore it currently appears evidences such as hot wave, typhoon, and biosphere disturbance, etc. over the several regions to be influenced by global warming due to increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere through inducing forest destruction, fossil fuel combustion, greenhouse gases emission, etc. since industrial revolution era. Through the working group report of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) for climate change was analyzed by the individual country's current status and figure out the important issues and problems related to the future trend of climate change science with advanced countries preparedness and research, In this study, the first working group report of IPCC focuses on those aspects of the current understanding of the physical science of climate change that are judged to be most relevant to policymakers. As this report was assessed and analyzed by including the progress of climate change science, the role of climate models and evolution in the treatment of uncertainties. This consists of the changes in atmospheric constituents(both aerosols and gases) that affect the radiative energy balance in the atmosphere and determine the Earth's climate, considering the interaction between biogeochemical cycles that affect atmospheric constituents and climate change, including aerosol/cloud interactions, the extensive range of observations snow available for the atmosphere and surface, for snow, ice, and frozen ground and for the oceans, respectively and changes in sea level, the paleoclimate perspective and assessment of evidence for past climate change and the extension, the ways in which physical processes are simulated in climate models and the evaluation of models against observed climate, the development plans and methods of improving expert and building manpower urgently and R&D fund expansion in detail for climate change science in Korea will be proposed.

Large wind turbine generators with high temperature superconductors (HTS) are in incessant development because of their advantages such as weight and volume reduction and the increased efficiency compared with conventional technologies. In addition, nowadays the wind turbine market is growing in a function of time, increasing the capacity and energy production of the wind farms installed and increasing the electrical power for the electrical generators installed. As a consequence, it is raising the wind power energy contribution for the global electricity demand. In this study, a forecast of wind energy development will be firstly emphasized, then it continue presenting a recent status of the technology development of large scale HTSG for wind power followed by an explanation of HTS wire trend, cryogenics cooling systems concept, HTS magnets field coil stability and other technological parts for optimization of HTS generator design – operating temperature, design topology, field coil shape and level cost of energy, as well. Finally, the most relevant projects and designs of HTS generators specifically for offshore wind power systems are also mentioned in this study.

본 연구는 라오스의 재활 서비스 및 재활 인력에 대한 공중 인식을 분석하고, 지속가능한 재활 인력 개발을 위한 전략을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 라오스 내 보건·의료·교육 관련 5개 기관에 소속된 만 18세 이상 성인 75명을 대상으로 단면적 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 설문 내용은 재활에 대한 인식 수준, 정보 획득 경로, 인식된 재활 필요 영역, 재활 서비스 제공 환경, 그리고 재활 인력 수요 등을 포함하였다. 연구 결과, 전반적인 재활에 대한 인식 수준은 비교적 높은 편이었으나(77.3%), 관련 정보는 주로 개인적 또는 비공식적 경로를 통해 획득되는 것으로 나타났으며, 재활 서비스는 주로 병원 및 재활센터 중심으로 제공된다고 인식되고 있었다. 특히 라오스 국토의 약 80%가 산악 지형이라는 점을 고려할 때, 이러한 중앙집중적 서비스 제공 체계는 재활 서비스 접근성을 현저히 제한하는 요인으로 작용한다. 이러한 결과는 라오스에서 형평성과 지속가능성을 확보하기 위해, 세계보건기구(WHO) 기준 에 부합하는 대학 교육과정과 지역 기반 임상 실습 협력체계를 토대로 한 탈중앙화된 지역사회 기반 재활(Community-Based Rehabilitation, CBR) 시스템 구축의 필요성을 시사한다.

This study examines public awareness of rehabilitation services and the rehabilitation workforce in Laos and explores strategies for sustainable workforce development. A cross-sectional survey of 75 adults from five health, medical, and educational institutions assessed awareness levels, information sources, perceived rehabilitation needs, service delivery settings, and workforce demands. Although overall awareness was relatively high (77.3%), information was largely obtained through informal networks, and rehabilitation services were mainly perceived as hospital- and center-based. Given that approximately 80% of Laos is mountainous, this centralized service model substantially limits access to rehabilitation. These findings underscore the need for a decentralized Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) system supported by WHO-aligned university curricula and regional clinical training partnerships to ensure equitable and sustainable rehabilitation workforce development in Laos.

Background: Hanwoo cattle, an indigenous Korean breed, have become economically significant due to genetic improvements and large-scale farming. As individual cow value increases, understanding their unique physiology across different life stages is crucial for optimal health management. This retrospective study aimed to investigate serum biochemistry differences among non-pregnant, pregnant, and fattening female Hanwoo cattle and establish breed-specific reference intervals (RIs) for accurate health assessment, utilizing data obtained from routine veterinary care. Methods: Blood samples were collected from female Hanwoo cattle, categorized as pregnant (n = 12), non-pregnant (n = 25), and fattening (n = 11). Eighteen serum biochemical parameters were analyzed and descriptive statistics were calculated for each group. The new RIs in different reproductive status of female Hanwoo were established using the Reference Value Advisor program. Results: Significant differences based on reproductive status were identified in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), and creatinine (CRE) levels. BUN, GGT, and TG levels were significantly higher in fattening cattle compared to pregnant and non-pregnant cows. GLU levels increased progressively across pregnant, non-pregnant, and fattening groups, while CRE levels were significantly higher in pregnant cows. Based on values of biochemical parameters, new RI were suggested for sixteen biochemical parameters, encompassing all three reproductive stages. Conclusions: This study established new RIs for female Hanwoo cattle across nonpregnant, pregnant, and fattening stages, providing a more accurate basis for health assessment and management. These findings will contribute to improved individual cow management, supporting genetic improvement efforts, and enhancing overall herd health in female Hanwoo cattle.

Since interdisciplinary studies have been officially recognized as the 14th disciplinary category, there has been growing attention to its development and institutionalization across various academic departments and universities. However, a review of existing literature reveals that current research predominantly focuses on theoretical frameworks, while empirical investigations remain scarce. Drawing on the interdisciplinary evaluation systems established by leading universities and institutions in Europe and the United States, this study designs a comprehensive questionnaire that examines key areas such as interdisciplinary talent development, scientific research outputs, and societal contributions. Using a sample of over 100 universities, the study employs both descriptive and exploratory statistical analyses to identify several critical issues. The findings indicate that the number of interdisciplinary disciplines remains limited, with insufficient resources and institutional support; international collaboration is infrequent; and the functions of interdisciplinary studies are unbalanced. Based on these findings, targeted recommendations are proposed to optimize the development of interdisciplinary fields.