Earticle

This paper looked into the types of swords and names of their parts using vocabularies regarding swords. Currently, not a little incorrect information has been delivered in vocabularies regarding swords. This paper will help at least in making up for what has been known incorrectly or what has been insufficient through a field study by professionals in the traditional sword field. As types of swords, the paper classified them into sword for the actual fight, sword for the ceremony, sword for self-protection. As the names of the parts of sword, the paper divided them into hilt, blade, sword guard, hoin(blade cover), handle end of a sword, and sheath. Currently, there are about 100 vocabularies regarding the types of swords in the <Standard Korean Language Dictionary>. However, among them, many vocabularies could not be understood because their meanings were so briefly described. Even there were incorect vocabularies or the meaning was not described correctly. By confirming such contents, this paper will help to correct and revise the contents of the dictionary. Also, through the collection and systematic classification of relevant vocabularies to the types of swords and the review of their meanings, it is expected to be possible to prepare a foundation for building a vocabulary network concerning swords.

South Korea's Chinese characters sound-meaning system has a long history, rigorous and very scientific. Originally used by Korean intellectuals to learn Chinese Writings in classical style, this system has been developed to now. Its basic characteristics is, one word has one pronunciation, one word has one representative training; Most characters pronunciation is in medieval-term, the inherent meaning of the word is generally used korean native language to explain. Mastering this system, use Korean Chinese characters sound training system to learn Korean words, the stduy will be simple, practical, and fast, convenient and not easy to forget. Especially suitable for Korean learners of the Chinese character culture circle.

The reason we appreciate the literature is to figure out each aspect of choices of human being when they confront the problematic crossroad in difficult situation because it is the one of remarkable interests captured in literature. From this perspective, the concept of “history of meaning” can be the useful tool to reinterpret Song-am[松巖]`s poetry which has been read as the reflection of his feeling of socioeconomic failure. However, as I said several times, when some object is imparted the specific meaning by human being, they become a ‘semantic animal’ who is able to abandon the economic or sybaritic principle in order to seek it, ‘the meaning’. In this article, I try to establish the theoretical groundwork with this point of view to reinterpret Song-am`s poetry. In 16C, scholars in Yean[禮安] area including Song-am, by taking lesson from Toe-Gye[退溪], confront the conflict situation between ‘a scholarship for the civil service examination[科擧之學]’ for personal success and ‘scholarship for the human nature and natural laws[性理之學]’ for academic truth. It is also the conflict between what people want normally and what ‘they’ want with their own academic belief. As a result, almost all of the scholars choose the latter one as Song-am does. I think Dokrakpalgok[獨樂八曲] and Hangeosippalgok[閑居十八 曲] which Song-am wrote should be interpreted with this historical context. The meaning of these poem is not about the reflection of complaint and frustration caused by the socioeconomic failure, but about his voluntary choice between the crossroad as I show above.

This thesis tries to analyze the narrative of Flowers fall , river flows, and look at the process of accepting others as 'love.' As regarding the process of unity from separation as love, the relationship among characters in Flowers fall, river flows is a typical example of love. The narrative of love with agony begins with a dichotomous way of confrontation between 'I' and others, but it ends with reconciliations by communicating each other. Flowers fall, river flows shows more extended relationship between characters than that of Snow road. That is, 'I' could have maturer and more meaningful relationship with the other, his old sister-in-law. Flowers fall, river flows shows love as a way of internalizing his sister-in-law in agony. And an important night journey motif indicates that even if sometimes situations are grave and frightening, people should be dependant on each other and live together, based on trust, dependance, comfort, and consolation to the company. In this story, 'I' and his sister-in-law had the same experience, his mother's death. And they experienced 'separation' and 'unification' at the same time. And during the experience, the same patten was repeated: his sister-in-law's acceptance of her mother-in-law(his mother) and his acceptance of his sister-in-law. As time went by, the boundaries between 'I' and his sister-in-law and between his sister-in-law and her mother-in-law were blurred and they became recognized and finally realized two-sided communication. Regarding love of others as a way of unification and sympathy or a way of transcendence and tolerance means it is closely related to motherhood or femininity. And it is naturally related to the symbol of 'flowers' or 'river.' Nature, which moves and circulates in the order of cosmos, wets and embraces all things. That a male 'I' deeply understand and feel sympathy for his female mother and sister-in-law means the blurred boundary between man and woman and the possibility of transcendence. For the narrator, 'I,' his sister-in-law is an incarnation of his mother, so he feels sense of unity and embraces them.

Modern Korean poets Jeong Ji-yong and Oh Jang-hwan show us some similarity and difference as follows. (1) They were alumni of Hwimoon middle school in Seoul. Moreover, in the school Jeong was a teacher, Oh was his student and a young literature buff. (2) They were Modernist poets. Jeong seems to have connected with English Modernist Pound, but Oh showed an inclination toward French symbolists Baudelaire and Rimbaud. (3) They were ideological converts after the 1945 Liberation of Korea from Japan. Jeong remained a passive poet, but Oh became a literary man of action. (4) They were born in Choung-bouk provence. Jeong had a longing for his hometown, Okcheon, but Oh tried to forget his native place, Hoein. He was a child by a concubine. (5) They thought themselves the best poets(‘Si-wang’) in their days. Jeong can be evaluated the best poet in Korea before 1945. Oh also recognized poet Jeong as an 'Albatros'(Baudelaire, l’Albatros ), but after 1945 he thought himself as a 'crew' which laughed at the 'Albatros'.

Sohakdokbon[小學讀本] has been criticized as the retrogression of modern education. But There are still many questions about the text in historical context of the educational reformation in the Gabo reform[갑오교육개혁] of 1894. Therefore, to discuss the textbook in this article, has to consider the stream as a change of the traditional education system had been sought since the opening of a port with the context of Sohakdokbon publication. And We need to look at Sohakdokbon, Kukminsohakdokbon[國民小學讀本] and Sinjeongsimsangsohak[新 訂尋常小學] as reading books be based traditional ethology for children's schooling in the educational reformation in the Gabo reform of 1894. I was willing to study these characteristics of Sohakdokbon that connected Sohak[小學] as children’s textbook and moral trade textbook in traditional education system. Moreover Sohakdokbon contained change from a education system that focuses only on confucian scriptures to a practical method of study be based on uniting knowledge and conduct and aimed for a creation of confucian subjects. But this textbook tend to absolutize a confucian moral idea on a discourse, Dongdoseogi(東道西器, Eastern morality and Western technology). Finally, it was a result of the failed education reform by an absence of systematic formation of values for a creation of the modern individual.

The Purpose of this study is to survey the characteristics of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War. In Korea the Korean War was called "6․25 Tong-ran.(which means the war taken place at 25th June in 1950)" The era of Korean War was the time span from 1950. 6. 25- 1953. 7. 29. The first type of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War is the refuges of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War. In this type the author discribed the feeling of the refuges in the works such as <Chamoi(참 외)>, <Eo-dum Sok-e Chik-hin Pan-wha(어둠 속에 찍힌 판 화)>, <Kok-ye-sa(곡예사)>. And in the work of children characters, the author discribed the clean world of the children. The second type of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War is the War-place of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War. In this type of the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War the author presented the Humanistic point. In the work <Sol-me-ma-eul-e-seo Saeng-gin Il(솔메마을에서 생긴 일)> the author constructed the short-story at the traditional village according to the happening of the entering into the army. In the work <Hak(학)> the author treated the friendship at the point of the conflicts of the ideology. And in the work <Mok-sum(목 숨)> the author told the life of the soldiers in the cave. In this study we discussed the characteristics the Short-stories of "Hwang Sun-won" at the Korean War. It is different from the characteristics of the other era such as the work of Japanese-colony and the Liberation, the post-war and Industrial Developing.