Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 국내 기업의 고객관리 분야의 적합한 직무관리의 방향을 설정하고 현장에서 이루어지고 있는고객관리 직무의 내용 및 활동을 제시하고자 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 국내기업의 고객관리 분야의 직무내용을 파악하고, 이에 대한 IPA 기법을 활용하여 고객관리 분야에 대한 분석을 통해 고객관리 직무의 내용을 분석하여올바른 직무평가 및 직무설계의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 활용한 자료는 국내 기업 중 고객관리 분야에 종사하는 남녀 100명을 대상으로 온라인 조사를 통해서 수집되었다. 고객관리 직무는 영역별로총 12개의 영역과 37개의 세부항목이 도출되었다. 고객관리 분야의 영역 및 세부 항목별 중요도-성취도 차이 분석 결과, 과거에는 고객관리 분야가 고객상담에만 치중해있거나 다양한 고객관련 데이터를 수집하고 축적하는데초점을 맞춘 것에 비해 현재의 고객관리 직무는 접점을 통과한 고객데이터를 대상으로 한 유의미한 결과도출을위한 체계적인 고객데이터의 조사 및 분석, 고객정보 분석, VOC 분석을 통한 시장개발 지원 업무의 확장까지직무범위 및 내용을 확대하였다. 고객관리 직무 분야의 이해당사자들이 본 연구결과를 통해 기대할 수 있는 연구의 활용방안이 제시되었다.

The purpose of this study is to establish the direction of appropriate job management in the field of customer management in domestic companies and to suggest the content and activities of the customer management job in the field. To do this, I analyzed the contents of customer management in the field of customer management by analyzing the contents of customer management in domestic companies and using IPA technique to analyze the contents of customer management job to provide basic data of job evaluation and job design. The data used for this study were collected through online surveys of 100 men and women engaged in customer management in Korea. A total of 12 areas and 37 detailed items were derived for each area of customer management. In the past, customer management focused on customer consultation or focused on collecting and accumulating various customer-related data. As a result, current customer management duties include contact points We have extended the scope and contents of the system from the systematic investigation and analysis of customer data to analyzing customer data, analyzing customer information, and expanding market development support through VOC analysis. This study suggests how to use the research that interested parties in the field of customer management job can expect from this study.

With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the era of big data, the ability to handle data has become essential. This has heightened the importance and necessity of data literacy competencies. The purpose of this study is to propose a framework for data literacy competencies. To achieve this goal, data literacy frameworks from eight countries and twelve pieces of literature on data literacy competencies were analyzed and synthesized, resulting in five categories and twenty-three competencies. The five categories are: data understanding and ethics, data collection and management, data analysis and evaluation, data utilization, and data governance and systems. It is hoped that the data literacy competency framework proposed in this study will serve as a foundational resource for policies, curricula, and the enhancement of individual data literacy competencies.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine research trends and thematic keyword networks in disaster nursing competency literature published up to September 15, 2024. Methods: A retrospective descriptive design was used to analyze English-language articles retrieved from five databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science) through September 15, 2024. Following PRISMA guidelines, 256 articles and 1,318 keywords were extracted. NetMiner 4.0 was used for keyword preprocessing and analysis. Word clouds and text network analyses were performed. Degree and betweenness centralities were calculated to determine keyword prominence and network roles. Results: Annual publications increased notably after 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies originated from 32 countries, with the United States, China, and Iran leading. Cross-sectional quantitative (34.0%) and qualitative studies (26.6%) were the most commonly used study designs. From 44 high-frequency keywords, “nurses,” “preparedness,” “competency,” and “disaster nursing” ranked highest in both centrality measures. “Education” and “management” also showed strong centralities. Cluster analysis revealed that preparedness and response phases were emphasized more than mitigation and recovery. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive visualization of disaster nursing competency research. Findings highlight the dominance of preparedness-focused studies, limited exploration of mitigation and recovery. Future research should prioritize broader disaster phases, standardize terminology, and conduct evidence-based intervention studies to strengthen disaster nursing practice and education.

Purpose: This study investigated the perceived importance and training of competencies during nursingclinical placements by examining the perspectives of nursing students and clinical nurses. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online survey of 351 nursing students and 247clinical nurses. We utilized the Borich needs assessment model to identify the perceived importance andtraining of competencies during clinical placement. Students and nurses rated their perceived importanceand training levels on 32 competency items regarding direct nursing care, indirect nursing care,decision-making and problem-solving, attitude, and nursing professionalism. Results: Students and clinical nurses identified nursing handovers, nursing records, crisis coping abilities,clinical problem identification, clinical decision-making, and priority setting in nursing as competenciesof greater importance and with more significant discrepancies from training during clinical placements(Quadrant I in the locus for focus model). Clinical nurses reported examination, skin integrity management,and communication with medical staff as having higher importance and greater discrepanciesfrom training (Quadrant I). In contrast, students recognized them as having lower importance and higherdiscrepancies (Quadrant II). For students, the perceived importance of all competence domains wassignificantly associated with the corresponding training (Spearman’s rho ¼ .30-.56, p < .01). For clinicalnurses, only the perceived importance of nursing professionalism was associated with all training domains(Spearman’s rho z .14.20, p < .05). Conclusion: The disparities between students’ and nurses’ perceptions of the importance and training ofcompetencies during clinical placements highlight the need to modify the clinical nursing educationsystem.

Purpose: As the demand for globally competent workers has increased, the importance of enhancing the global competency of nursing students is emphasized. Several nursing schools now provide global programs. However, further evaluations of such programs are necessary. In this study, we examined the global competency of nursing graduates and their experiences with the global curriculum offered by CHA University. Methods: We employed a quantitative and qualitative survey approach. We recruited a total of 255 people who graduated between 2002 and 2020, of which 12 participated in the qualitative interview. Global competency and its associated factors were examined quantitatively. The frequency, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were analyzed using SPSS 23. The graduates' global competency experience was evaluated qualitatively through a set of open-ended questions. Results: The total global competency score was 3.49±0.55. The number of participants in the global competency curriculum/program was positively correlated with the total global competency score (r=.36, p＜.001). The study participants achieved a high global competency score compared to graduates from other universities. The primar y factor affecting global competency was global competency curricula, including inbound/outbound programs. Intensive foreign language studies were only effective when included in the curriculum. To meet the current global need for globally competent nurses, the appropriate knowledge and skill sets and proper attitudes and values must be cultivated. Conclusion: The more participating in the global competency curriculum/program, the higher global competency was found in this study.

본 연구는 민간항공 조종사 훈련 및 평가에 중요하게 고려되고 있는 8가지 핵심 역량 향상을 위한 기초자료 마련을 위해 수행되었으며, 그 중 가장 중요하다고 판단되는 상황인식(situation awareness) 및 작업부하 관리에 대해 분석하였다. 예비 조종사를 대상으로 항공기 접근 및 착륙 단계를 진행하는 동안 PM(pilot monitoring) 역할을 수행하며 인식하는 항공기 상황과 작업부하량에 대해 평가하였다. 평가 시나리오는 기본비행훈련장치(basic aviation training device)를 사용하여 지형적 상황인식, 공간/시간적 상황인식, 시스템 상황인식, 환경적 상황인식을 평가할 수 있는 요소로 구성하였으며, 모니터링 도중 의도적인 주의분산 상황을 추가하였다. 연구 결과, 전체 비행 단계에 대한 상황인식은 32.3%이고, 지형적 상황인식(60.3%)이 가장 높고, 시스템 상황인식(18%)이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. NASA-TLX 평가방법으로 측정한 작업부하량은 10.8점(20점 만점)으로 나타났다. 또한, 기초공중항법학을 수강한 예비 조종사들이 대체로 높은 상황인식을 하였고, 작업부하 결과는 지형적 상황인식과 밀접한 상관관계를 가지고 있었다.

Purpose: This study identified the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency in long-term care hospital nurses and clarified the definition of the concept. Methods: The Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment model was used as a conceptual framework, and conceptual analysis was performed using the hybrid model presented by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. In the theoretical phase, the attributes of end-of-life care competencies were explored through a literature review. In the fieldwork phase, focus group interview data were analyzed to derive the attributes of nursing competency at the end of life. In the final analysis phase, the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency were compared, analyzed, and integrated. Results: The attributes of end-of-life care competency among nurses in long-term care hospitals included comprehensive symptom management, effective communication, situational response, patient-centered care, information provision and education, resource management, demonstrating leadership, and professional development. Conclusion: End-of-life care competency in long-term care hospital nurses can be defined as a comprehensive set of competencies that includes symptom management, situational adaptation, effective communication, resource utilization, leadership, patient-centered care, meeting the needs of patients’ families through adequate information provision and education, and enhancing individual nursing capabilities through professional development. These results can serve as a foundation for developing tools to measure end-of-life care competencies among nurses in long-term care hospitals.

Objective: To identify educational domains recurrently documented in selected professional animal rehabilitation credential programs and university-based educational offerings and to translate these domains into a preliminary curriculum framework for undergraduate pre-professional learners in Korea. Design: Qualitative comparative curriculum document analysis. Methods: Official English-language documents and webpages from selected US and European credential programs and university-based courses or degree programs were analyzed at the offering level. Curricular content was coded into seven predefined domains; learner eligibility, delivery, practical training, assessment, and completion requirements were extracted to contextualize cross-case interpretation and curriculum translation. Cross-stratum recurrence required direct documentation in at least two of the three credential programs and in two of the four university-based offerings. Recurrent domains were translated based on learner preparation, expected performance, supervision, animal welfare and safety, and the scope of participation. Results: Seven educational offerings were included: three professional credential programs and four university-based offerings. Six domains met the cross-stratum recurrence criterion: structural and functional foundations and rehabilitation terminology; physiological and tissue-healing foundations; rehabilitation-related clinical conditions, injuries, and pathophysiology; functional assessment, diagnostic techniques, and outcome monitoring; principles and safety of physical modalities; and rehabilitation management, communication, and professional collaboration. Therapeutic exercise and functional training were recurring components of credential programs. The proposed framework comprised foundational, developmental, applied, and integrative phases, with undergraduate participation limited to supervised observation, basic measurement, documentation, reporting, case-based discussion, equipment preparation, and safe assistance. Conclusions: The framework provides a document-informed starting point for subsequent undergraduate animal rehabilitation curriculum development in Korea.

As the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution enters, the importance of software safety is increasing, but related systematic educational curriculum and trained professional engineers are insufficient. The purpose of this research is to propose the high priority elements for the software safety education program through needs analysis. For this purpose, 74 candidate elements of software safety education program were derived through contents analysis of literature and nominal group technique (NGT) process with five software safety professionals from various industries in South Korea. Targeting potential education participants including industrial workers and students, an on-line survey was conducted to measure the current and required level of each element. Using descriptive statistics, t-test, Borich needs assessment and Locus for focus model, 16 high priority elements were derived for software safety education program. Based on the results, suggestions were made to develop a more effective education program for software safety education.

병원에서의 위기관리를 하는 주역인 간호사가 될 간호대학생의 감성역량에 대한 개념분석을 통해 개념의 명확한 속성과 이론적 기초를 마련하기 위함이다. 간호대학생의 감성역량을 잘 이해하는 것은 중요하며, 명확한 감성역량을 이해하고자 Walker & Avant(2005)의 개념분석 방법에 따라 여러 문헌 고찰을 통하여 분석하였다. 간호대학생의 감성역량의 속성은 (1) 자기 인식 및 관리, (2) 타인과 의 교감, (3) 학업에 대한 동기부여로 도출되었다. 간호대학생의 감성역량의 선행요인은 (1) 대인관 계 기술 필요, (2) 환자의 서비스 요구도 증가로 도출되었고, 간호대학생의 감성역량의 결과는 (1) 공감적 이해, (2) 조화로운 대인관계, (3) 학업 성취 향상으로 도출되었다. 본 연구에서 밝혀진 속성을 모두 포함할 수 있는 간호대학생의 감성역량을 측정할 수 있는 도구의 개발이 필요하며, 이 개념을 적용한 중재 전략에 대한 후속연구가 이루어지기를 제언한다.

The purpose of this study is to provide a clear understanding of the concept and the theoretical basis of the emotional competence of nursing college students who will take the lead in crisis management in the hospital. In order to understand the emotional competence of nursing students, we used the concept analysis method of Walker and Avant (2005) through various literature review. The main attributes of emotional competence among nursing students include (1) self-awareness and self-management, (2) communication with others, and (3) motivation for study, while the outcomes of their emotional competence consist of (1) empathic understanding, (2) harmonious interpersonal relationship, and (3) improvement in academic achievement. We need to develop a tool to measure the emotional competence of nursing students based on all the attributes revealed in this study.

The purpose of this study was to make the concept of resilience as a basis of nursing practice, research and education related to stress response and adaptation by analyzing and clarifying the concept analysis procedures of Walker & Avant (2005). This study compiled the concept of resilience by reviewing and defining its meaning and drew three properties. The identified attributes were first, the measure of adversity itself, secondly, internal and external characteristics of individuals, thirdly, psychosocial health, achievement of developmental tasks, and satisfaction with life. The results are expected to serve as basic data onto intervention to strengthen the resilience of individuals as well as communities.

삶의 모든 측면이 급속도로 디지털화 되면서 세계 각국에서는 프로그래밍을 포함한 정보(Informatics) 교육을 강조하고 있다. 본 연구 는 한국 고등학생들의 정보 역량 수준을 분석해 향후 체계적인 정보 교육을 수행하기 위한 시사점을 도출하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 고등학생 대상 국가수준 모의고사를 수행하고 있는 일본의 검사 문항을 활용해 한국 고등학생 1,274명을 대상으로 검사를 실시 하고, 학교 유형별로 구분을 통해 세부 수준 차이와 영향 요인을 분석하였다. 주요 결과를 살펴보면, 학교 유형별로 학생들의 역량의 차 이를 확인할 수 있었으며, 특성화고 및 특수목적고가 일반고 학생의 수준보다 전반적으로 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 정보 교육 이수 시간은 학교 유형별 구분 없이 학생들의 수준에 전반적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 정보 교육의 발전을 위해 시사점을 제시하였다.

Countries around the world are emphasizing education in Informatics, including programming, as modern life has undergone a rapid digitalization, and particularly so across all levels of education. Since the effects are not well understood, this paper analyzes the informatics competency levels among Korean high school students to derive implications for conducting systematic Informatics education in the future. The quantitative study analyzed students' informatics competency levels and explored differences and influencing factors by type of school, employing examination questions from mock exams conducted for 1,274 Korean high school students. The findings indicate variances in competencies among students from different types of schools, with students from specialized and special-purpose high schools generally exhibiting higher levels of competency than those from general high schools. Furthermore, the amount of time spent on Informatics education was found to have a general impact on students' competency levels, irrespective of the type of school. Based on these outcomes, this paper presents implications for the advancement of Informatics education in Korean high schools.

본 연구의 목적은 잠재평균분석을 활용하여 여성장애인의 자녀양육역량, 양육스트레스, 회복탄력성, 사회적 지지 수준이 장애유형(정신장애, 신체장애)에 따라 차이가 있는지 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 여성장애인의 장애유형에 따라 정신장애 167명, 신체장애 132명으로 구분하고 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 양육스트레스와 사회적 지지 수준은 정 신장애 여성에서 더 높게, 자녀양육역량과 회복탄력성은 신체장애 여성에서 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 장애유형에 따라 차별화된 실천적·정책적 개입전략을 제시하였다.

This study aimed to examine disabled women to determine whether differences existed in parenting stress, resilience, social support, and parenting competency based on the disability type using an latent means analysis. The research data was sampled from 167 mentally disabled women and 132 physically disabled women. Parenting stress and social support had higher latent means in the mentally disabled women. Parenting competence and resilience had higher latent means in the physically disabled women. The results of this study suggested that differentiated, practical intervention approaches should be implemented for each disability type.

본 연구는 중⋅장기 복무 제대예정 군인 중에서 재취업 취약계층에 대한 전직역량을 분석하고 재취업 역량을 강화하기 위한 교육훈련 우선순위를 탐색하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 취약계층에 필요한 핵심역량요인을 도출하기 위하여 전문가 13명의 타당성 조사 및 250명의 제대예정 군인들을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 전직 역량에 대한 인식은 전직을 위해서는 현재수준보다 높은 수준의 역량이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 제대군인 재취업 취약계층의역량 강화를 위한 교육훈련 우선순위 탐색 결과 전반적으로 전직태도군이나 직무적응군에 비해 전직지식이나 기술군이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 중⋅장기 제대군인들이 전직에 필요한 역량을 충분히 갖추지 못하고 있으며, 전직에 대한 전문지식과 개념이 확립되지 않은 상태에서 실질적인 준비나 인식이 부족한 결과로 나타남을 확인하였다.

This study examines the need of developing outplacement competency among discharged soldiers in Korea, focusing on vulnerable groups such as the officers who have less outplacement competency and the captains who receive limited pension support. The results are as follows: First, the recognition survey to the vulnerable soldiers reveals that their competency levels on all four categories, including attitude toward outplacement, job adaptation, outplacement knowledge and technical abilities, are lower than what is expected for successful outplacement. Second, it is found that the captains recognize their current outplacement competency lower than expected while the warrant officers consider their competency higher than expected. Third, the education and training for improving outplacement competency should be prioritized on outplacement knowledge and technical abilities rather than attitude and job adaptation. Finally, more time and efforts should be invested to cultivate their competency levels in these areas of priority.

본 연구는 외국인 유학생을 대상으로 인구통계적 변수에 따른 소비자재무역량의 차이를 분석 하였고, 금융소비자교육 수강여부에 따른 소비자재무역량의 수준의 차이를 살펴보았다. 본 연 구는 2년 이상 한국에서 거주 중인 서울·경기·대전 소재의 3개 대학교의 외국인 유학생을 대상 으로 한다. 본 연구를 위한 설문 조사는 2021년 6월 7일 부터 6월 18일까지 구글서베이를 통해 온라인설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외국인 유학생의 인구통계적 특성에 따라 소비자재무역량(지식)의 6개의 설문 문항의 정답률에는 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 검증하기 위 해 교차분석을 실시한 결과, 재무설계 역량 측면에서는 공통적으로 출생연도와 월 평균 소비 액, 금융소비자교육 수강여부에 따라 정답률의 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 인구통계적 변수와 금융소비자교육 수강여부에 따른 소비자재무역량(태도) 중 재무설계 와 재무관리 역량의 차이를 분석한 결과, 공통적으로 외국인 유학생의 국적, 출생연도, 월 평균 소비액에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 더욱이 공통적으로 금융소비자교육을 수 강한 집단과 수강하지 않은 집단과는 소비자재무역량(태도)부분의 재무설계와 재무관리에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 인구통계적 변수와 금융소비자교육 수강여부에 따른 소비자재무역량(실천) 중 재무설계 와 재무관리 역량의 차이를 분석한 결과, 공통적으로 월 평균 소비액에 따라 통계적으로 유의 한 차이가 나타났다. 한편, 금융소비자교육을 수강한 집단이 금융소비자교육을 수강하지 않은 집단보다 소비자재무역량(실천) 부분의 재무설계에 대한 인식수준이 높았지만, 금융소비자교 육을 수강한 집단과 수강하지 않은 집단과는 소비자재무역량(실천) 가운데 재무관리 역량에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구는 재무관리역량을 증진하는데 금융소비자교육에 필요성을 인식시키는데 중요한 기초 자료가 될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 외국인 유학생들이 재무역량 강화에 대학교육과정이 적극적 으로 필요하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Purpose : This study analyzed the difference in consumer financial competency according to demographic variables for international students, and examined the difference in consumer financial competency level according to whether or not they took financial consumer education. Research design, data, methodology : This study is aimed at foreign students from three universities in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Daejeon who have been living in Korea for more than two years. The survey for this study was conducted online through Google Survey from June 7 to June 18, 2021. The specific analysis method of this study was analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics 25.0 statistical analysis program. In this study, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and factor analysis were performed for basic statistical analysis. Results : First, as a result of cross-analysis to verify what difference there is in the percentage of correct answers to the six questionnaire questions on consumer finance competency (knowledge) according to the demographic characteristics of foreign students, in terms of financial design competency, they are common in terms of birth year and monthly average. There was a difference in the percentage of correct answers according to the amount of consumption and whether or not to take financial consumer education. Second, as a result of analyzing the difference in financial planning and financial management competency among consumer finance competency (attitude) according to demographic variables and whether or not to take financial consumer education, it is statistically significant according to the nationality, year of birth and average monthly consumption of foreign students. A significant difference was found. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in financial planning and financial management in the consumer financial competency (attitude) part between the group that took financial consumer education and the group that did not take financial consumer education in common. Third, as a result of analyzing the difference in financial planning and financial management competency among consumer finance competency (behavior) according to demographic variables and whether or not to take financial consumer education, statistically significant differences were found according to the average monthly consumption in common. On the other hand, the group that took the financial consumer education had a higher level of awareness about financial planning in the consumer financial competency (behavior) part than the group that did not take the financial consumer education, but did not show a statistically significant difference in financial management competency among consumer finance competency (behavior). Conclusions : This study can serve as an important basic data for recognizing the need for financial consumer education to enhance financial management competency, as well as confirming that international students actively need a university education course to strengthen their financial capabilities.

The purpose of this study is to explore the detailed capabilities, educational issues, and implications of AI literacy through a meta-analysis of the topics of AI literacy in academic discourse and competency development. Based on the results of a meta-analysis of academic discourse on artificial intelligence (AI) literacy between 2018 and 2023, this study explores the specific areas of AI literacy competency and reviews the issues related to AI literacy education. As a result of the analysis, the academic discourse on artificial intelligence literacy was found to be largely divided into four categories: artificial intelligence literacy, data literacy, media literacy, and digital literacy. There was a significant emphasis on the study of artificial intelligence literacy in 2021. Second, AI literacy competency is characterized by proficiency in AI technology, algorithms, data, and machine learning. It encompasses six detailed competencies: AI knowledge, technology, critical thinking, communication, access/utilization, composition/production, and participation. Lastly, when it comes to developing AI literacy competency and addressing education-related issues and tasks, there is a need for an integrated approach that combines technical skills, cultural awareness, introspective abilities, and public debate within the academic community. This includes discussing detailed competencies and segmenting competency subjects. The significance of the study is to determine the path for developing and educating AI literacy competency by examining AI education cases for both students and citizens.

2013년 7월 9일 이후 생활화학가정용품 8개 품목이 ｢품질경영 및 공산품 안전관리법｣에 따라 지정⋅ 관리되고 있으나, 이외 품목들은 관리 대상으로 지정되어 있지 않아 별도의 안전 확인 절차나 사용 상 주의사항 표시 없이 유통되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 생활화학가정용품의 정보를 전달하는 정보제 공원에 대한 소비자의 신뢰와 불안이 소비자 스스로 안전을 확보할 수 있는 역량에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정보제공원별 생활화학가정용품의 위험전 달에 대한 소비자신뢰를 살펴본 결과, 전문가집단은 평균 3.20, 인터넷카페⋅블로그는 평균 3.12, 신문⋅방송(언론)은 평균 2.92, 정부기관은 평균 2.80 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 정보제공원별 구분된 네 가지 소비자신뢰-불안-역량 모델에 대한 경로계수와 선행변수가 후행변수에 갖는 효과의 차이를 비교하면 신문⋅방송(언론)에 대한 소비자신뢰-불안-역량 모델에서만 유일하게 소비자불안에 유의 한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 신문⋅방송(언론)에 대한 소비자신뢰를 높여 소비자불안을 낮추고 소비자태도 및 소비자기능을 강화할 방안이 필요함을 시사한다.

This study examines the impact of consumer trust and knowledge on consumer attitude, anxiety and function, depending on the source of information on risks from chemical household products. The results of the analyses are as follows. First, among the media delivering the risk information on chemical household products, consumer’ trust level was found the highest in expert groups, followed by internet cafe/blogs, presses/broadcasts and government agencies. Second, according to the path coefficients and the regression coefficients between independent and dependent variables of the consumer trust-anxiety-competency model for each of the information sources, only press/broadcast was found to have a significant impact on consumer anxiety among the four sources of risk information on chemical household products. It suggests that there is a need to reduce consumer anxiety and to strengthen consumer competency.

Research results show (1) there are two dimensions characterizing Korean IS practitioners：‘project-operation’ and ‘product-orientation-strategic-orientation’, (2) there are two distinctive and main career paths of Korean IS practitioners：generalists who support using information systems in the context of operation and specialists who are engaged in software development or improvement projects, and (3) Korean IS practitioners are experiencing serious and pervasive knowledge and skill deficiencies. Research results also provide clear evidence that Korean universities fail to provide eligible entry-level software developers and that the shortage of eligible entry-level software developers distorts both IS specialists’ careers and knowledge and skill requirements for them.

목적: 본 연구는 NCS를 기반으로 교육기관별 네일미용 직무의 중요도와 현재 역량 수준 차이를 분석하고, IPA 기법을 통해 개선 방 향을 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 특성화고, 전문대학, 4년제 대학의 미용 전공 학생에게 521부의 설문을 수집하여 SPSS 21.0을 활용해 분석하였다. 결과: 첫째, 직무 중요도는 2·3수준에서만 교육기관 간 차이가 확인되었고, 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 현재 역량 수 준은 3수준에서만 차이가 나타났으며, 4년제 대학 학생이 가장 높았고 전문대학 학생이 가장 낮았다. 둘째, IPA 분석 결과, 위생 서 비스는 현상 유지 영역에, 기초 직무는 과잉 노력 영역에, 고급 기술과 경영·교육 직무는 저순위 영역에, 디자인 스컬프처, 에어브러 시, 융합 네일아트, 문제성 발 관리는 집중 개선 영역에 포함되었다. 결론: 본 연구는 현행 NCS 교육과정이 산업 현장의 변화를 충 분히 반영하지 못하고 있음을 보여주며, 기초 역량 내면화하고, 중·고급 기술을 강화하며, 경영 및 교육 역량 확대의 필요성을 제시 한다.

Purpose: Across educational institutions and based on National Competency Standards (NCS), this study analyzed differences in the importance and current competency levels of nail salon positions. Moreover, it also proposed improvement directions using the importance performance analysis (IPA) technique. Methods: A total of 521 questionnaires were collected from beauty majors enrolled in specialized high schools, junior colleges, and four-year universities, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: First, among educational institutions, differences in perceived position importance were observed only at levels 2 and 3, with junior college students ranking lowest. Differences in current competency levels were found only at level 3, with four-year university students ranking highest and junior college students lowest. Second, the IPA analysis results indicated that hygiene services were located in the status quo area; basic positions in the excessive effort area; advanced technology, management, and education positions in the low-priority area; and design sculpture, airbrushing, fusion nail art, and problematic foot care in the focused improvement area. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the current NCS curriculum does not adequately reflect the industrial field’s recent changes. More specifically, the results suggest the need for a progressive educational design that internalizes basic competencies, strengthens intermediate and advanced skills, and expands managerial and educational capabilities.

目的: 本研究以国家能力标准(NCS)为基础，分析了不同教育机构中美甲沙龙岗位的重要性和当前能力水平的差 异。此外，本研究还运用重要性-绩效分析(IPA)技术提出了改进方向。方法: 共收集了专业高中、专科院校和四 年制大学美容专业学生的521份问卷，并使用SPSS 21.0对数据进行分析。结果: 首先，在教育机构中，仅在第 二和第三层级观察到对职位重要性的感知差异，其中大专生排名最低。仅在第三层级发现对当前能力水平的差 异，其中四年制大学学生排名最高，大专生排名最低。其次，IPA分析结果表明，卫生服务位于现状维持区；基 础岗位位于投入过多的区域；先进技术、管理和教育岗位位于低顺位区域；而设计雕塑、喷绘、融合美甲和足 部问题护理则位于重点改进区。结论: 这些结果表明，目前的NCS课程未能充分反映工业领域近期的变化。更具 体地说，结果表明需要一种进步的教育设计，该设计应内化基本能力，强化中高级技能，并拓展管理和教育能力。

Background: Community pharmacy experiential education in South Korea, introduced in 2014, faces challenges in standardization due to the independent nature of pharmacies. Preceptors play a vital role, yet their responsibilities remain undefined. This study analyzes preceptors’ job functions, focusing on competencies and comparing perceptions between preceptors and students. Methods: Using the Developing Curriculum (DACUM) method, a task inventory questionnaire assessed the frequency, importance, and difficulty of preceptor responsibilities. The survey targeted preceptors affiliated with South Korean pharmacy schools and accredited pharmacies. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and correlation analyses. Results: Responses from 103 preceptors and 105 students identified professionalism (43.6±13.6), interpersonal skills (36.2±14.4), and communication skills (35.8±15.0) as core competencies. Students rated tasks such as providing feedback and mentoring as more important than preceptors did. Female preceptors scored higher in clinical knowledge and communication. Preceptor experience influenced perceptions of task difficulty, with early-stage preceptors reporting challenges in professionalism and communication. Conclusions: This study highlights the multifaceted roles of community pharmacy preceptors, emphasizing professionalism, communication, and feedback. Tailored training programs are needed to address identified gaps. Future research should include diverse samples and objective performance measures to further refine preceptor development strategies.