Earticle

The main objectives of this study were to fruit body of Phellinus linteus using liquid spawn. Highest mycelial growth and in vitro fruiting was observed when 180㎖ of water was added to 200g of brown rice in 1000㎖ PP bottle. Optimum inoculum amount was 100ml per bottle. Better mycelial growth and fruiting were observed when the amount of brown rice was lowered. For timber log culture of P. linteus, low contamination was observed when logs were sterilized for as low as 60 mins. But, best mycelial growth was observed when the logs were sterilized for 120mins. Among different log types, highest mycelial growth and fruiting were observed in oak and mulberry. Only few fruiting could be observed in birch, chestnut, alder, while no fruiting was produced in Aspen. Best fruiting was produced from isolate PH- 211, although other isolates also produced few fruiting.

목적: 본 연구는 주름개선 효과검정을 통해 현미상황버섯균사체의 주름개선 기능성 화장료 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하는데 그목 적이 있다. 방법: Lactobacillus plantarum 으로 현미상황버섯균사체를 배양하여 얻어진 추출물의 β-glucan 함량, β-glucan 분자량 측정, 세포독성평가, MMP-1 저해활성 측정, 콜라겐생합성 효과를 시험하였다. 결과: 현미상황버섯균사체의 β-glucan 함량 분석결과 미발효군, 발효군에서 각각 8.1, 12.8 g/100 g의 결과로 함량이 58% 증가하는 것을 입증하였으며, β-glucan의 분자량 측정을 실시한 결과, 2,500 m/z 이하의 저분자 β-glucan을 확인하여 발효공정이 고분자의 β-glucan을 저분자로 분해하는 것을 확인하였다. 추출물의 세포독성은 미발효군, 발효군 모두 2,000μ g/mL이하 농도에서 세포독성이 나타나지 않아 독성에 대한 안전성을 확인하였다. 자외선(UVB) 조사에 의한 세포생존률은 미발효군, 발효군 모두800 μg/mL 농도에서 가장 높은 세포생존율 효과를 나타냈다. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1)의 생성억제를 확인한 결과미발효군, 발효군 모두 400 μg/mL 이상의 농도에서 MMP-1의 생성억제의 효과가 나타내는 것을 확인하였으며, 발효군 1,000 μg/mL 이상의 농도에서는 adenosine 400 μg/mL 과 유사한 효과로 높은 저해활성을 나타내어 colalgenase 저해활성이 우수함을확인하였다. Pro-collagen type Ⅰ의 생합성량을 측정한 결과 대조군 대비 미발효군, 발효군 모두 3배 이상의 collagen 생합성 증가를 나타내었다. 결론: 위의 내용을 종합하여 주름개선용 기능성 화장료로서 현미상황버섯균사체 유산균 발효 배양물의 활용가능성을 제시하였다.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the potential of brown rice Phellinus linteus as an anti-wrinkle material for cosmetics through examining anti-wrinkle effects. Methods: To check the anti-wrinkle effects of brown rice Phellinus linteus mycelium, we performed various experiments such as β-glucan content, β-glucan molecular weight, cell viability, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) inhibitory activity, and pro-collagen synthesis assay.Results: The β-glucan contents from brown rice Phellinus linteus mycelium extracts unfermented and fermented were 8.1, 12.8 g/100 g, rose up respectively and the fermented increased 58% compared with unfermented extract. The low molecular weights of the β-glucan such as less than 2500 m/z from the fermented was measured by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. We found that high molecular weight of β-glucan decomposed low molecular weight through fermentation. Measuring cytotoxicity of brown rice Phellinus linteus extracts in HS27 cells, cytotoxicity of both unfermented and fermented was not observed under 1,500 μg/mL concentration. After irradiating UVB treatment, HS27 cell viability of unfermented and fermented both showed the highest effect at 800 μg/mL concentration. The inhibitory activity of collagenase (MMP-1) of unfermented and fermented both showed the highest effect at a concentration of 400 μg/mL and the inhibitory activity of collagenase (MMP-1) of the fermented at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL had similar effects with adenosine at a concentration of 400 μg/mL. The amounts of biosynthesis of pro-collagen type I of the unfermented and fermented both increased more than three times compared with those of control. Conclusion: Through results, we identified anti-wrinkle effects of the brown rice Phellinus linteus and we anticipated the brown rice Phellinus linteus develop the functional cosmetic ingredient as anti-wrinkle effects.

目的: 通过研究糙米桑黄菌丝提取物的抗皱功效，确认糙米桑黄菌丝提取物作为化妆品原料的可行性。 方法: 在乳酸菌Lactobacillus plantarum 培养的糙米桑黄菌丝体提取物中测量其β-glucan含量及分子量，细胞毒性评价，测定 MMP-1的抑制活性，胶原蛋白的合成效果，进而确认糙米桑黄菌丝提取物的抗皱功效。 结果: 通过测定糙米桑黄菌丝体提取物的β-glucan 含量分析结果，未发酵群和发酵群分别其含量为8.1，12.8 g/100 g，发酵群 的含量明显增加58%。对β-glucan进行质普分析测定其分子量，发现分子量小于2,500 m/z以下的低分子β-glucan，从中确定 通过发酵工程高分子的β-glucan分解为低分子。在提取物的细胞毒性试验中，当浓度为2,000 μg/mL以下时，未发酵群和发 酵群都没有显现细胞毒性。在紫外线照射下未发酵群和发酵群的浓度为800 μg/mL 时，都显现出最高的细胞生存率 。Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1)抑制效果实验，未发酵群和发酵群的浓度为400 μg/mL以上时，显现出抑制效果。发酵群的浓 度为1000 μg/mL以上时，与浓度为 400 μg/mL adenosine 具有相似的抑制活性效果。Pro-collagen type Ⅰ的合成量测定结 果与对照群相比未发酵群和发酵群都增加了3倍以上。 结论: 通过以上结果，乳酸菌发酵的糙米桑黄菌丝体作为抗皱功效性化妆品材料具有充分的可行性。

We investigated mineral difference from mushroom Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii on mulberry, oak and elm. ICP test, The major mineral components were K, Ca, and Fe, while Mg, Na, P, Cr, Mn, Cu and Zn were determined as micro mineral components. In case of P.linetus and P.baumii the component of K was shown as 699.0mg/100g and 630mg/100g, in oak, 340.7mg/100g and 314.6mg/100g in elm, and 311.6mg/100g and 311.6mg/100g in mulberry respectively. In Ca, mulberry fruiting body were shown about 2 times highest and expecially in case of Na was oak fruiting body were shown as 10 times highest as against the others sample groups. In micro mineral components, Zn component was shown very diffeence about sample groups. We concluded that the highest mineral component of K was shown in mushroom cultivated on oak of both P.linetus and P.baumii. As a results, mineral component has showed very difference on cultivated to timber. According to the results of mineral component we concluded that Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii has mineral component different depending on timber.

New features and functionality of the new concept of the development of cosmetic material is a big part in the world cosmetics market and the continuous development of our country for the cosmetics industry is an important task. The electron donating ability of PL and MB water and ethanol extracts ware higher than 60% and 80% respectively at compound PL 1mg/ml and MB 1mg/ml concentration. The superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity of the PL and MB water and ethanol extracst ware more than 90% at compound PL 1mg/ml and MB 10mg/ml concentration.bIn this study, in order to use Phellinus linteus(PL) and Mognolia biondii(MB) extracts, physiological effect in cosmetics were tested. As a result, PL and MB has a great potential as a cosmetics material ingredient with a antioxidation effect.

This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of cultivated cereals by Phellinus linteus mycelium. Also, we investigated the content of free sugar, organic acid, free amino acid, mineral and fatty acid of cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium. The major free sugars were determined the glucose, maltose, and fucose by HPLC. The content of total free sugars was the highest in cultivated red rice by P. linteus mycelium at 36oC. The content of fucose was the highest in cultivated red rice by P. linteus mycelium at all cultivation temperatures. The organic acids were identified oxalic acid, malic acid, citric acid, and succinic acid, as in the case of free sugar, higher contents of organic acids were observed in the cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium than control. There was no significant difference in the mineral content between the control and cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium. Sixteen kind of free amino acid were detected in cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium. And the content of total free amino acids were higher in the cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium than the control. And essential amino acids showed significantly differences between control and cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium. Fatty acids were detected with seven kinds of fatty acids, and the major fatty acid was determined the linoleic acid by GC-MS. The content of linoleic acid was higher in the cultivated cereals by P. linteus mycelium than the control.

This study was conducted to develop high-functional, gluten-free plant-based meat patties using Phellinus linteus HN009K mycelium-cultured oats (PMO) and to investigate their quality characteristics. The results showed that the crude protein content of PMO increased by approximately 14.4% compared to the uncultured control (UCO). Notably, the β-glucan content exhibited a significant 3.9-fold increase, demonstrating a synergistic effect between the mushroom mycelium and the oat substrate. Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) revealed that as the PMO content increased, the hardness of the patties decreased, providing a tender mouthfeel, while the chewiness was significantly enhanced compared to the control, successfully mimicking a meat-like texture. Furthermore, the patties containing 20% PMO showed significantly improved antioxidant activity and maintained the immune-active components derived from P. linteus. In conclusion, PMO is a promising core material that simultaneously enhances the nutritional value and textural properties of plant-based meat analogs. These findings provide foundational data for the development of high-value-added alternative protein foods.

Phellinus linteus, a medicinal mushroom with potent antioxidant properties, contains bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. To optimize the extraction of skin-whitening compounds, ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with statistically based optimization was used to simultaneously extract total polyphenol content (TPC), radical scavenging activity (RSA), and tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI). Extraction variables, including extraction time (X1:4.8 ~ 55.2 min), extraction temperature (X2:26.4 ~ 93.6oC), and ethanol concentration (X3:13.0 ~ 97.0%), were varied in 17 experimental cycles based on a central composite design. Quadratic regression models for TPC, RSA, and TAI had coefficients of determination (R2) greater than 0.92, demonstrating well-fitted models and statistical significance. Analysis of variance revealed that all three variables significantly influenced extraction efficiency (p < 0.0041), with ethanol concentration (X3) having the most pronounced effect. The optimal extraction conditions were 80.0 min, 82.5oC, and 64.8% ethanol, yielding predicted values of 6.42 mg GAE/g DM for TPC, 73.71% for RSA, and 85.04% for TAI. These results suggest that a moderate ethanol concentration combined with adequate thermal input maximizes the extraction of antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities specifically associated with skin-whitening effects.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mineral difference about Phellinus from cultivated on mulberry, oak and elm by ICP test. The major mineral components were Ca, K, Fe, P, Al and Na. In Ca, fruiting bodies from cultivated on mulberry were shown about 2~4 times highest, and in case of K was fruiting bodies from cultivated on oak shown about 2 times highest as against the other sample groups. Especially, Na was fruiting bodies from cultivated on oak shown about 10 times highest as against the other sample groups. In this study, fruiting bodies on P. linteus and P. baumii from cultivated the same kind of material lumber are similar mineral components, and we can’t really find much their difference . As a results, what kind of mineral component content had showed depend on material lumber.

The fruiting bodies of Sanghwang mushrooms, Phellinus linteus HN1009K (PLH) and Phellinus linteus (Korea Sanghwang, PLK), and Phellinus baumii (Jangsu Sangwhang, PB), were extracted with 70% methanol. The methanolic extracts of different concentrations (5–200 μg/ml) showed inhibitory effects of 20–95% on plated aggregation induced by collagen (2.5 ug/ml), ADP (10 uM), and thrombin (0.1 U/ml). The PLH, PLK, and PB extracts (200 ug/ml) reduced ATP release from ADP-activated platelets by 50¬60%. These results suggest that the methanolic extracts from Sanghwang mushrooms inhibit platelet aggregation.

The aim of this study was to identify chemical composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic extract of fruiting bodies of an artificially cultivated Hankyong Sanghwang mushroom, Phellinus linteus KACC 93057P (PLHS). The total phenolic content of 60% ethanolic extract of fruiting bodies of two-year-old PLHS grown on Oak wood logs was 19.05±0.32 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, which was 4-10 times high compared to the other species of mushrooms. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbisthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value of PLHS were 2-10 and 5 times higher, respectively, than those of the other species of mushrooms. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of ethyl acetate fraction of 70% methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of PLHS revealed the presence of styrylpyrone-class compounds, davallialactone, hispidin, hypholomine B, and caffeic acid, a compound of the phenylpropanoid pathway.

소나무 비늘버섯과(Hymenochaetaceas) 진흙버섯속(Phellinus)에 속하는 상황버섯(Phellinus linteus)은 백색부후균으로서 항암력이 매우 우수한 버섯으로 알려져 있으며, 국내에서는 원목 을 이용한 인공재배가 이루어 지고 있으나 자실체 생산에 수년이 소요되고 가격이 높다. 상황 버섯은 소화기 계통의 위암, 식도암, 십이지장암 및 직장암 등에 대한 면역기능을 나타내며, 장 출혈, 자궁출혈, 오장기능 활성화 및 해독작용을 한다고 알려져 있다. 최근 균사체 생산 기법이 발달하여 대량의 균사체 확보가 가능하고, 균사체도 자실체와 같은 기능을 가지고 있다고 알려 져 있다. 유산균 중 세포노화 억제 및 기억능력 향상에 효과가 있다고 알려진 Bifidobacterium bifidum과 우리나라 고유의 전통 발효 식품인 김치에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sakei를 단계적으 로 적용하여 상황 균사체 배양액을 발효시킴으로써 시너지 효과를 내어 노인건강에 도움을 줄 수 있는 프로바이오틱스 식품소재를 개발하고자 유산균 발효물의 β-glucan을 비롯한 생리활성 성분을 분석하였다. 상황균사체 배양액을 이용한 유산발효물의 β-glucan함량을 측정한 결과 1차 발효물과 2차 발효물에서 0.97%로 같은 함량을 나타냈으며, ergothioneine의 함량은 1차 발효물에서 3.08 mg%, 2차 발효물에서 3.67 mg%로 증가하였다. 폴리페놀 함량을 측정한 결과 1차 발효물에서 는 27.69 mg%, 2차 발효물에서는 18.01 mg%로 1차 발효물이 2차 발효물 보다 높게 나타났다. DPPH free radical 소거활성을 측정한 결과 IC50 값이 1차 발효물은 6.88 mg/mL로 나타났으 며, 2차 발효물에서는 4.17 mg/mL로 나타났다.

소나무 비늘버섯과(Hymenochaetaceas) 진흙버섯속(Phellinus)에 속하는 상황버섯(Phellinus linteus)은 백색부후균으로서 항암력이 매우 우수한 버섯으로 알려져 있으며, 국내에서는 원목 을 이용한 인공재배가 이루어 지고 있다. 상황버섯은 소화기 계통의 위암, 식도암, 십이지장암 및 직장암 등에 대한 면역기능을 나타내며, 장출혈, 자궁출혈, 오장기능 활성화 및 해독작용을 한다고 알려져 있다. 유산발효는 발효과정 중 생성되는 산미와 독특한 향, 정장작용, 면역증진 등 생리적으로 유 용한 효과를 나타낸다고 보고되어 왔다. 유산균 중 세포노화 억제 및 기억능력 향상에 효과가 있다고 알려진 Bifidobacterium bifidum과 우리나라 고유의 전통 발효 식품인 김치에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sakei를 단계적으로 적용하여 상황추출물을 발효시킴으로써 시너지 효과를 내어 노인건강에 도움을 줄 수 있는 프로바이오틱스 식품소재를 개발하고자 유산발효물의 β-glucan 을 비롯한 생리활성 성분을 분석하였다. 상황 발효물의 β-glucan 함량을 측정한 결과 1, 2차 발효물에서 1.43%로 같은 함량이 나타 났으며, ergothioneine은 1차 발효물 4.26 mg%, 2차 발효물 5.58 mg%로 증가하였다. 상황발 효물의 폴리페놀 함량을 측정한 결과는 1차 발효물은 67.38 mg%, 2차 발효물은 64.10 mg% 로 나타났다. DPPH free radical 소거활성을 측정한 결과 IC50 값이 각각 1차 발효물에서는 0.31 mg/mL, 2차 발효물에서는 0.44 mg/mL로 나타났다.

In this study, the protein content and functional changes in soybeans cultured with Phellinus linteus HN00K9 were analyzed. P. linteus HN00K9 was cultured on soybeans. The crude protein content in soybeans cultured with HN00K9 (PMS) was 41.99%, which was higher than that in soybeans not cultured with the mushroom (UCS). The total free amino acid content in PMS increased to 39,963 mg/100 g, which was higher than that in UCS (36,817 mg/100 g). In particular, in PMS, glutamic acid accounted for 18.5% of the total amino acids at 7,413 mg/100 g. The total polyphenol content in PMS was 2.66 mg GAE/g, which was more than 45% higher than the amount in UCS (1.45 mg GAE/g). Additionally, PMS showed a DPPH radical scavenging activity of 33.3%, which was 3 times higher than that exhibited by UCS (11.5%), reflecting its high antioxidant content. Therefore, the PMS in this study has potential for use as a functional food material.

Phellinus linteus (PL), one of the immune-regulatory substances, is recognized to play the role in the metabolic process on inflammation and immunity. It has been traditionally used in the oriental medicine to treat inflammatory related disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of water extracts of PL on the mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes immune function in the ICR male mice. Control mice received vehicle only. The PL treated mice were administered the respective extract by oral gavages for 4 weeks. IgE concentrations in serum and MLN lymphocytes were significantly lower in PL treated mice than in control mice. PL increased the proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in MLN lymphocytes. PL significantly decreased Th2 cytokine concentrations and mRNA expression levels in cytokine secretions. Therefore, water extracts of PL modulate inflammatory parameters through regulation of immunoglobulin production resulting from decreased Th2 cytokine secretion and mRNA expression levels and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and mRNA expression in MLN lymphocytes.

P. linteus (Korea Sanghwang, PLKS) and P. baumii (Jangsoo Sangwhang, PBJS) were artificially cultivated under the same conditions. Fruiting bodies were extracted using 70% methanol, 60% ethanol, and hot water. Phenol and flavonoid contents were optimally extracted using 60% ethanol. Antioxidant activities of 60% ethanol extracts from fruiting bodies and mycelia from each Sanghwang mushroom species were measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3- ethylbisthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities, and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power). The antioxidant activities of fruiting bodies were relatively higher in comparison to those of mycelial samples. In high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, styrylpyrone-class poly phenolic compounds, davallialactone, hispidin, hypholomine B, and inoscavin A were detected in fruiting body samples of two Sanghwang mushroom species, but not in their mycelial samples.

The present study investigated an ethanol extract (HS0608) of a mixture of three medicinal plants of Curcuma longae radix, Phellinus linteus, and Scutellariae radix for possible neuroprotective effects on neurotoxicity induced by amyloid β protein (Aβ) (25-35) in cultured rat cortical neurons and antidementia activity in mice. Exposure of cultured cortical neurons to 10 μM Aβ (25-35) for 36 h induced neuronal apoptotic death. At 1-50㎍/㎖, HS0608 inhibited neuronal death, elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by Aβ (25-35) in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. Memory loss induced by intracerebroventricular injection of ICR mice with 15 nmol Aβ (25-35) was inhibited by chronic treatment with HS0608 (25, 50 and 100 ㎎/㎏, p.o. for 7 days) as measured by a passive avoidance test. From these results, we suggest that the antidementia effect of HS0608 is due to its neuroprotective effect against Aβ (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity and that HS0608 may have a therapeutic role in preventing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Previous work demonstrated that an ethanol extract (HS0608) of a mixture of three medicinal plants of Curcuma longae radix, Phellinus linteus, and Scutellariae radix markedly inhibits Aβ (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity. The present study was performed to further verify the neuroprotective effect of HS0608 on oxidative and ischemic cerebral injury using cultured rat cortical neurons and rats. Exposure of cultured cortical neurons to 100 μM hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) induced neuronal apoptotic death. At 10-100㎍/㎖, HS0608 inhibited neuronal death, elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca^(2+)]i), and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H_2O_2 in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. In vivo, HS0608 prevented cerebral ischemic injury induced by 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 24-h reperfusion. The ischemic infarct and edema were significantly reduced in rats that received HS0608 (200 ㎎/㎏). These results suggest that the anti-oxidative properties of HS0608 may be responsible for its neuroprotective effect against focal cerebral ischemic injury and that HS0608 may have a therapeutic role in neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke.

버섯은 탄수화물, 단백질 ,지질 무기질 등 다양한 영양소 를 함유하고 있으며 함암활성, 면역증가 효과 및 황산화 효과 등의 약리효과가 있다. 약용버섯인 상황버섯 (Phellinus linteus) 균사체의 액체 배양 발효공정 개선을 위한 균사체 배양조건의 최적화와 β-glucan 생성을 극대 화 할 수 잇는 배지 개발 및 배양시간에 따른 β-glucan의 함량 변화에 관한 연구를 수행한 결과, 배양 온도는 28℃, 초기 pH는 5,5, 통기량은 0.50 vvm에서 균사체의 생육 및 β-glucan 생성이 양호하였다. 균사체 배양을 위한 최 적배지 (RGP배지)는 증류수 1L 중에 glucose 50 g, 미강 추출물 30 ml, peptone 10 g, malt extract 5g, K2HPO4 1 g 및 MgSO4·7H20 1 g을 함유하는 것으로 나타났으며 이 배지에서 7일 배양 후 얻은 균사체량 및 β-glucan 함량은 각각 35.9 g/l 및 34.0%(w/w) 이였다. 3%의 미강추출물 첨가시 균사 생육 및 β-glucan의 함량 증가가 가장 높게 나타났다. 배양시간에 따른 β-glucan의 함량 및 glucose 량의 변화는 72시간까지는 β-glucan의 함 량 이 9.2%(w/w)였으나, 96시간부터는 19.3%(w/w)로 급격 히 증가하였고 잔존 glucose량은 배양시간 72 시간까지 는 3.5% 이상을 유지 하였으나 96시간부터는 3.0% 이하 로 떨어졌다.