Earticle

크리스티앙 드 포잠박의 건축은 대담한 디자인, 예술적 접근방식, 창의적이면서 독립된 오브제라는 건축적 특징을 나타낸다. 이와 같은 건축개념과 긴밀하게 연관되는 건축색채는 과감하지만 넘치지 않고, 다채색에 의한 독창적인 관점을 드러낸다. 따라서 그의 작품을 대상으로 다음과 같은 색채사용특 징을 추출할 수 있었다. 첫째, 건축 형태와 공간에 이격거리를 둔 다채색의 적용으로 ‘건축 볼륨의 지각적 분리효과’가 나타나고 있었다. 둘째, 고채도의 색채와 불규칙한 방식으로 ‘다채색에 의한 상징적이고 주목적인 특징’이 나타나고 있었다. 셋째, 형태와 긴밀하게 연계된 ‘대비색채에 의한 독립된 오브제로서의 조형 적 특징이 강화‘되고 있었다. 넷째, 건축요소에 적용된 다채색에 의해 건축 전체 형태와의 대비와 다채색 기반의 색채적용으로 ‘전체성과 다양성의 추구’와 연계되는 색채사용특징이 나타나고 있었다. 다섯째, 조명으로 적용된 색채에 의해 ‘움직임과 리듬감이 있는 표피’로 전환되면서 유동적 특징을 지닌 건축으로 연출되고 있었다. 마지막으로 단지의 형식, 건축의 방향에 따라 다르게 적용된 색채에 의해 ‘영역의 구분과 시점의 변화에 따라 전환’되는 색채사용특징이 나타나고 있었다. 이와 같이 포잠박 건축의 개념과 제3의 도시이론에서 언급되었던 자유로움과 다양성, 부분과 전체 성, 규율과 불규칙성, 대비성, 움직임 등이 색채사용방식과 밀접한 연관성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 포잠박 건축에 주요한 영향력을 지닌 체계로서, 색채가 건축의 개념적 가치를 수행하는 도구로 사용되고 있음을 확인하게 되었다.

Christian de Porzamparc's architecture is characterized by bold design, artistic approach, and creative, independent objects. Architectural colors, which are closely related to this architectural concept, are bold but not excessive, revealing a unique perspective through multicolor. Therefore, the following characteristics of color use could be extracted from his work. First, the ‘perceptual separation effect of the architectural volume’ was appearing through the application of multiple colors at a distance between the architectural form and space. Second, the ‘symbolic and notable characteristics of multicolor’ were appearing in highly saturated colors and in an irregular manner. Third, the formative characteristics as an independent object were being strengthened through contrasting colors, which were closely linked to form. Fourth, the multicolor applied to architectural elements showed the characteristics of color use linked to the ‘pursuit of wholeness and diversity’ through contrast with the overall architecture and color harmony based on multicolor. Fifth, the colors applied through lighting converted it into a ‘diverse skin with movement and rhythm,’ creating an architecture with fluid characteristics. Lastly, the characteristic of color use that ‘changes according to the division of areas and changes in viewpoint’ was shown by the colors applied differently depending on the form of the complex and the direction of the architecture. In this way, it was found that freedom and diversity, part and wholeness, discipline and irregularity, contrast, and movement mentioned in the concept of Porzamparc architecture and third city theory were closely related to the way of using color. This is a system with a perspective that has a major influence on Porzamparc's architecture, and it has been confirmed that color is acting as a tool to carry out the conceptual value of architecture.

장 누벨은 프랑스를 대표하는 건축가로 실용적 공간과 함께 건축의 의미와 정보, 지식, 시간 등 추상적인 요소들의 표현을 적극적으로 실행하는 건축가로 알려져 있다. 그는 가상성과 공간적 특성, 시간성을 주요 개념으로 건축을 이행하면서 건축의 개념을 전달하고 구현하는 도구로 색채를 적극적 으로 사용한다. 따라서 그의 건축을 대상으로 색채 사용특징을 살펴본 결과 다음과 같이 나타났다. 가상성의 개념 전달을 위해 다채색 또는 무채색의 불규칙한 반복, 재료의 가공을 통한 현상적 색채변화 의 유도, 색채에 의한 불확실한 경계 형성과 겹침(layer)을 사용하고 있었다. 공간적 특성을 기반으로 하는 색채 사용특징은 지역의 기조 색과 문화적 상징색채의 선택, 주변 환경 기반 배경색의 선택, 건물의 용도와 연관된 직유적 색채 사용이 나타났다. 시간성 기반의 색채 사용은 사실적 그래픽 도입, 주변 환경과 일치되는 색채의 선택, 시간에 따른 색채변화에 의한 지각체험의 극대화, 시점별로 다르게 나타나는 대비적 색채의 사용 등으로 나타났다. 이처럼 장 누벨 건축의 색채는 건축의 특징을 강하게 드러내는 차별적 요소로 건축의 개념을 이행하는 강력한 표현 도구임을 알 수 있었다.

Jean Nouvel is one of France's leading architects and is known as an architect who actively expresses abstract elements such as the meaning of architecture, information, knowledge, and time along with practical spaces. He actively uses color as a tool to convey and realize the concept of architecture while implementing architecture with virtuality, placeness, and temporality as the main concepts. Therefore, as a result of examining the characteristics of color use in his architecture, the following was found. The concept of virtuality was conveyed through the irregular repetition of polychromatic or achromatic colors, induction of phenomenological color change through material processing, and the formation and layering of uncertain boundaries by color. The characteristics of color use according to the sense of place were the selection of core colors and cultural symbolic colors of the region, selection of background colors according to the surrounding environment, and use of similar colors related to the purpose of the building. The use of color based on temporality was shown by the introduction of realistic graphics, the selection of colors that match the surrounding environment, the maximization of perceptual experience through color changes over time, and the use of contrasting colors that appear differently at each point on the screen. As such, it can be seen that the color of Jean Nouvel's architecture is a direct and powerful expression tool that embodies the concept of architecture as a distinctive element that strongly reveals the characteristics of architecture.

돈황은 우리나라의 유명한 유적지이며 돈황 벽화 또한 예술적 가치가 높다. 돈 황 벽화 분석을통해 우리나라의 민족 예술과 당시의 종교적 지위를 알 수 있으며, 관련 역사학자에게는 더 나은 연구방향을 제공할 수 있다. 돈황 벽화는 소재 선정이 비교적 진보적일 뿐만 아니라 당시 세계 최고의 색채 배합 기술을 사용하여 색채가 밝고 독특 한 정취를 띠고 있다. 다만 시대적 침전을 거치면서 각각 다른 설비 장비가 복제를 할 때 돈황 벽화의 색상은 색상 교정과 복원 문제가 더욱 발생하게 된다. 이 같은 문제의 주요 원인은 장비간의 표시방법과 돈황 벽화의 자체적 퇴색이 갖는 뚜렷한 관계이다. 이에 본 연구는 돈황 벽화 색상 복원 및 교정 방법을 모색하였다.

This paper will discuss the exploration of the color restoration correction method of Dun Huang murals, and I will discuss the significance of the color restoration of Dun Huang murals at first. The color of Dun Huang murals is the peak in the history of Chinese murals. The image color is very exquisite and has high artistic value and historical value. In addition, I would elaborate on the significance of color restoration correction, and analyze the importance of addition color mixing, subtraction color rendering and spatial color management theory for Dun Huang murals. And in the analysis of image distortion, I would take digital camera, color printer as an example to discuss. In the method of color correction of Dun Huang murals, the color distortion caused by digital camera and printer often cause the color deviation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to discuss this two as examples. In the region matching of the color restoration correction system, however, the basic principle of its neural network and the color restoration system of Dun Huang murals can ensure the active color of the entire Dun Huang murals.

The most popular technique for image retrieval in a heterogeneous collection of color images is the comparison of images based on their color histogram. The color histogram describes the distribution of colors in the color space of a color image. In the most image retrieval systems, the color histogram is used to compute similarities between the query image and all the images in a database. But, small changes in the resolution, scaling, and illumination may cause important modifications of the color histogram, and so two color images may be considered to be very different from each other even though they have completely related semantics. A new method of color feature representation based on the 3-dimensional RGB color map is proposed to improve the defects of the color histogram. The proposed method is based on the three 2-dimensional projection map evaluated by projecting the RGB color space on the RG, GB, and BR surfaces. The experimental results reveal that the proposed is less sensitive to small changes in the scene and that achieve higher retrieval performances than the traditional color histogram.

The purpose of our method is to allow patients to deepen their own creative recognition instead of forcing them to solve a problem directly. In the process of this method, the patient starts with choosing colors, and making a blot, through covering with white papers so that the blot is adjusted to be easily dealt with by the patient. Then the method moves to the steps of projection, scene composition, and story making from the blot which has been adjusted. In this method, the image is formed on the basis of visual cognition. From this image, the individual spiritual world of the patient, the psychological characteristic, and the basic personality are gradually represented. In this sense, a good treatment effect is expected in this method.

훼손된 문화재의 안정적인 보존 방안을 제안하는데 있어서 수많은 접근방법들이 있으며 이 방법들은 검증절차가 필수적이다. 또한 보존행위 이후의 예상되는 결과물들은 긍정적 결과로 도출되어야 하는 필연성을 가지고 있다. 보존행 위는 문화재가 갖는 고유한 다양성, 특수성 등등의 여러 사항들을 고려한 명확한 해법을 찾는 행위는 당연히 쉽지 않은 과제이다. 또한 기존에 이미 검증된 방법론이나 접근법이라 하더라도 그 대상이 처한 상황이나 조건에 의해 원점에서 재고해야 되는 경우도 있다. 문화재보존행위에 대한 안정적 방법을 구현하기 위해서는 많은 시행착오가 불가피하다. 이러한 시점에서 레이저를 이용한 문화재의 적용은 이미 그 효율성에 대해서 일부가 검증되었음에도 불구하고 아직까 지 재질별 적용 호환에 대한 검증이나 연구가 미비하다. 레이저빔의 특성상 모든 문화재 재질에 대한 적용은 한계가 있지만, 비접촉성 접근방법이라는 여타 클리닝방법과 다른 기본 원리이기 때문에 그 특성을 장점으로 활용하여 안정성 을 확보하고자 하였다. 이러한 행위 과정은 공초점레이저주사현미경(CLSM)을 활용하여 채색안료와 레이저 광에 대한 작용반응 등의 일련의 과정을 관찰하였다. 레이저빔과 여러 종류의 채색안료들과의 반응과정에서 발생되는 문제점이 나 클리닝기법으로써의 효율성을 동시에 실험하여 실제 문화재에 대한 적용 범위 선정이나 적용 이후의 결과물을 예측 하는데 도움을 주고자 하였다.

Considering that decision in conservation treatment for damaged objects should consider not only various options of methodology of intervention but also possible consequences of different types of intervention, it is a difficult task to decide and propose clear and safest solution of preserving an object. In addition, it should be constantly challenged by conservators even if it is proved technique or methodology in a past treatment. Therefore, there is no absolute solution which can be applied to all practice but each decision can be different case by case. It is not possible to estimate the way how the present condition of material and environmental aspects would affect to the condition of an object in future. However if conservators keep trying to set out various ways of analysing pro and against effect of past treatments, it would be able to provide useful logics of proving efficiency and appropriateness of a certain treatment. Understanding that the advantage of laser technique is to adopt a way of cleaning an object without making a direct contact, which is different from other techniques, this paper aims at securing stability of laser techniques, although it remains a limitation in the compatibility to all other materials. This study has examined reacting process on the painted pigments against laser beam by using CLSM in order for it to display both the problems from such reacting process and the efficiency of it as a cleaning methodology. It has intended to estimate the result of laser techniques and propose the range of applicability.

폐자동차 범퍼 파쇄물 재활용을 위하여 색채선별법을 도입하였다. 색채선별법은 기존의 비중, 입도 차이에 의한 선별이 어려운물질을 색상 차이를 이용한 카메라와 영상 분석기법으로 분리하는 선별법이다. 본 연구에서는 반응표면법 중 BBD (Box-Behnken Design)를 적용하여 실험을 계획하고 최적 조건을 도출하였다. 색채민감도, 피드투입량 및 입자크기의 영향을 분석하였으며, 회귀분석과 통계적인 방법에 기초하여 2차 반응 모델을 획득하였다. R 2 및 p-value는 각각 99.56%, < 0.001로 타당하였으며, 추정된 최적조건은 색채민감도 32%, 피드투입 200 kg/h, 입자크기 33 mm 조건에서 94.1%의 회수율이 나올 것으로 예측하였다. 실제 실험을통한 회수율은 93.8%로 나타나 해당 모델이 적절함을 확인하였다.

An color sorting technique was introduced to recycle End-of-life automobile shredded bumpers. The color sorting is a innovate method of separating the differences in the color of materials which are difficult to separate in gravity and size classification by using a camera and an image process technique. Experiments were planned and optimal conditions were derived by applying BBD (Box-Behnken Design) in the reaction surface method. The effects of color sensitivity, feed rate and sample size were analyzed, and a second-order reaction model was obtained based on the analysis of regression and statistical methods and R 2 and p-value were 99.56% and < 0.001. Optimum recovery was 94.1% under the conditions of color sensitivity, feed rate and particle size of 32%, 200 kg/h, and 33 mm respectively. The recovery of actual experiment was 93.8%. The experimental data agreed well with the predicted value and confirmed that the model was appropriate.

MVRDV는 공간의 용도와 필요성, 법적 규제 등 공간형성을 위한 요구사항과 문제점을 정량화 한 데이터스케이프(Datascape)에 의한 생성적 가치와 개념으로 건축을 진행해왔다. 특히 계획과정에서 그들의 개념과 함께 색채의 연계적 특징이 매우 명확하게 나타난다. 따라서 그들의 공동주택을 대상으 로 건축개념에 부합되는 색채사용방식을 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 색채사용특징을 추출하게 되었다. 첫째, 데이터스케이프(Datascape)와 연관된 체계로 공간의 구분과 기능, 용도에 따른 각기 다른 재료의 병치적 색채사용방식이 나타나고 있었다. 둘째, 자연의 형태를 개념으로 하는 스태킹(Stacking)과 연계 된 체계로 기본형태 마감재와 건축요소의 동일한 색채 부여로 조형적 특징의 부각과 자연스러움을 근간으로 하는 불규칙한 색채사용방식이 나타나고 있었다. 셋째, 혼합사용(Mixed Use)의 개념과 연관 된 체계로 예상하지 못한 급진적 변화와 대비를 만들어내는 색채사용방식이 나타나고 있었다. 넷째, 더 많은 경험(Experience More)과 연관된 체계로 강조색에 의한 참여의 유도, 응집력의 형성과 공간의 구획, 다양성을 나타내기 위한 다채색의 사용 등의 색채사용방식이 나타나고 있었다. 다섯째, 지속가능 성(Sustainability)을 기반으로 하는 재료기반의 색채로 유지의 용이성과 단순한 디테일을 부여하기 위한 분리 없는 일치적 재료 기반색채사용방식이 나타나고 있었다. 이와 같은 색채사용방식은 색채가 건축의 개념과 밀접한 연계성을 지닌 체계임을 의미하는 것으로 건축가의 개념을 강화하고, 건축 개념의 확고한 체계를 형성하는 기반이 된다.

MVRDV has been conducting architecture with generative values and concepts by Datascape, which quantifies the requirements and problems for space formation, such as the use and necessity of space and legal regulations. Especially in the planning process, the linking characteristics of colors with their concepts appear very clearly. Therefore, as a result of studying the method of using colors in accordance with the architectural concept for their apartment houses, the following characteristics of using colors were extracted. First, as a system related to Datascape, the method of juxtaposing color use of different materials according to space division, function, and use was shown. Second, as a system connected with Stacking, which is a concept of natural form, irregular color usage based on naturalness and emphasis of formative characteristics was shown by giving the same color to the basic shape finishing materials and architectural elements. Third, as a system related to the concept of Mixed Use, a method of using colors that creates unexpected radical changes and contrasts was appearing. Fourth, as a system related to Experience More, the method of using colors such as inducing participation by emphasizing colors, forming cohesion and dividing space, and using multicolored colors to express diversity appeared. Fifth, a method of using consistent material-based colors without separation to give ease of maintenance and simple details with material-based colors based on Sustainability has emerged. This way of using color means that color is a system that is closely related to the concept of architecture, reinforcing the concept of the architect and forming a solid system of the concept of architecture.

컬러 영상 처리 기반의 연기 검출은 화재의 조기 검출에 적합한 검출 대상이다. 연기 검출을 위한 방법으로 움직임과 색상이 전처리로서 처리되며, 확산, 질감, 형태, 방향성 등의 성질이 후처리로서 사용된다. 본 논문은 연기의 특성 중 밀도적인 분포 특성 검출방법을 제안한다. 연기의 움직임을 10Frame 간격으로 1초 동안 축적한 이미지에 색상을 문턱치 처리해 후보영역을 생성하고,OBTP(Object Block Ternary Pattern)을 적용해 연기의 패턴임을 확인한다. 모든 처리는 Block 기반으로, 움직임 검출은 차분 영상에 적응 문턱치를 적용해 움직이는 물체의 후보영역을 결정했다. 결정된 후보영역을 1초간 축적하고 연기 색상의 문턱치 조건을적용한다. 각각의 연기 후보 영역을 특정 위치의 16개 Block 값을 중앙 Block 값과 비교하고 삼진화 된 패턴을 연기의 패턴과 비교하여 연기를 결정한다.

Color image processing based on smoke detection is suitable detecting target to early detection of fire smoke. A methodfor detecting the smoke is processed in the pre-processing movement and color. And Next, characteristics of smoke suchas diffusion, texture, shape, and directionality are used to post-processing. In this paper, propose the detection method ofdensity distribution characteristic in characteristics of smoke. the generate a candidate regions by color thresholding imagein Detecting the movement of smoke to the 10Frame interval and accumulated while 1second image. then check whetherthe pattern of the smoke by candidate regions to applying OBTP(Object Block Ternary Pattern). every processing isBlock-based processing, moving detection is decided the candidate regions of the moving object by applying an adaptivethreshold to frame difference image. The decided candidate region accumulates one second and apply the threshold conditionof the smoke color. make the ternary pattern compare the center block value with block value of 16 position in eachcandidate region of the smoke, and determine the smoke by compare the candidate ternary pattern and smoke ternary pattern

Recently, the flatbed scanner is widely used to input color original copy in printing industry. In the process of RGB-to-CMY transformation for the scanned colors using the look-up table(LUT) based on the color gamut of the actual output device, however, the problem that some colors in the original out of the gamut cannot be printed, may occur. In this study, another color transformation method applicable to any kind of originals using the new LUT with extended gamut based on the ideal output device, was examined and proposed.

The field of printing to use pressurized ink using screen gossamer that is called screen printing. Existing cleaning solvents for the screen printing are the organic solvents containing aromatic compounds and stench. Also, Cleaning method of screen printing are for the most part mixed cleaning method of dipping and polish. In this study, we measured the cleaning efficiency by gravimetric analysis and the property change of gossamer by image analyzer using existing cleaning solvent. Also, we investigated a new cleaning process showing excellent cleaning efficiency using the ultrasonic and vibration cleaning method instead of the exsiting mixed cleaning method.

Recently, as the prepress mainstream is changed to the digital workflow, various digital proofing systems such as high price dye sublimation printers and low price ink jet printers are widely used in printing industry. However, most of the digital proofing devices have lower resolution than analog proofing systems and differ with actual color presses in the color gamuts. Therefore, proper color compensations are needed for digital color proofing in order to match colors between the proofs and the press sheets. This study shows the application method of Look-up Table to the digital color proofer of Rainbow, the analog proofer of Matchprint-II, and an actual offset press is effective on the color compensations.

계절별로 도축된 한우육의 육색에 미치는 요인들을 구체적으로 분석하고자 2000년도에 도축된 한우의 pH, 성별, 등지방두께, 등심단면적, 도체중, 출하연령, 도체심부온도, 외기온도, 외기상대습도 요인이 육색에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.분석결과, 여름에는 L*값(명도)이 비거세우가 유의적으로 낮았던 것을 제외하고 모든 육색특성에서 유의적이지 않은 것으로 나타났으며 기타 계절에서는 모든 육색특성에서 거세우가 유의적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 중회귀분석결과 모든 육색특성(L*, a*, C*, h0)에서 pH가 증가할수록 그 값들은 감소하였으며, 등지방두께는 증가할수록 그 값들은 증가하였다.각 요인별로 의사결정나무분석을 실시한 결과, 명도(L*)가 가장 높은 것은 봄과 가을에 도축한 암소와 거세우였으며 적색도(a*)는 가을에 도축한 한우중 pH가 5.63 미만이고 외기상대습도가 71.5% 이상인 경우인 것으로 나타났다. Chroma값(C*)은 여름과 가을에 도축하고 pH가 5.60 미만이면서 등지방두께가 8mm 이상인 한우가 가장 높았으며, hue angle(h0)은 봄, 여름, 가을에 도축하고 pH가 5.66 미만이며 등지방두께가 8mm 이상인 한우 중 심부온도가 4.7℃ 미만인 것으로 나타났다.

This study analyzed the effects of pH, sex, backfat thickness, ribeye area, cold carcass weight, shipping month, muscle internal temperature, average daily temperature, and average relative humidity for slaughtered Hanwoo to meat color by season. The analyses focused on interaction and each effect to meat color of the factors. For the result for analysis of multiple linear regressions, meat color values were decreased as pH increased in all meat color, and the meat color values increased as the backfat thickness was increased. As the results of the decision tree analysis by each factor, cow and steer slaughtered in spring and autumn were the highest in the lightness(L*). The redness(a*) was the cases that pH was less than 5.63 and average relative humidity was over than 71.5% for Hanwoo slaughtered in autumn. The chroma(C*) value was the highest for Hanwoo that was slaughtered in summer and autumn, the pH was less than 5.60, and the back fat thickness was over than 8 mm. The hue angle(h0) was shown that the muscle internal temperature was less than 4.7℃ among Hanwoo which was slaughtered in spring, summer, and autumn, the pH was less than 5.66, and the back fat thickness was over than 8 mm.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare with color reproducibility of the coating method and dipping method using a colour liquid. Methods: Two groups of square-shaped specimens (10 10 in diameter, 1.5 thickness) were prepared for analysis(n=15/group). The CM(Coating Method) group was fabricated as full zirconia specimens with the coating coloring method and Group DM(Dipping Method) was prepared as specimens of 0.7 mm-thick zirconia plate using the dipping coloring method and veneered with 0.8mm-thick porcelain. Color parameters were measured with ShadeEye NCC spectrophotometer and color differences were calculated using the equation E* = {(L*)2+( a*)2+( b*)2}1/2. Non- parametric statistical methods, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the data. Type one error rate was set at 0.05. Results: Color difference values larger than 7 were observed between specimens with the coating method and the dipping method, which were detectable difference in a clinical setting. Conclusion: Cautious application of the coating coloring method in a clinical setting and further researches to standardize the coating method are needed.

Purpose: This study was investigated the effect of multilayer zirconia block type and sintering method on fracture strength, micro structure and color of zirconia copings. Methods: Three kinds of multi-layered zirconia blocks were used to identify the effects of the kinds of multi-layered zirconia blocks and sintering methods on fracture strength and color reproducibility of zirconia copings. 60 Zirconia copings were fabricated and fracture strength, micro structure and color reproducibility were compared and evaluated. Results: In all the blocks, the CS group, which refers to the general sintering method had higher fracture strength of zirconia copings than the MS group that refers to the microwave sintering method(MCS/MMS; 2,107.5N/1,930.4N, DCS/DMS; 917.0N/879.1N, UCS/UMS; 2,256.9/2,050.7N). In relation to CIE L*, a*, b* values of zirconia copings depending on the kinds of multi-layered zirconia blocks and sintering methods, the MS group using the microwave sintering method had lower brightness and chroma than the CS group using the general sintering method. Conclusion: In all the blocks, the CS group(general sintering) had higher fracture strength of zirconia copings than the MS group(microwave sintering). In relation to CIE L*, a*, b* values of zirconia copings depending on the kinds of multi-layered zirconia blocks and sintering methods, the MS group using the microwave sintering method had lower brightness and chroma than the CS group using the general sintering method.

There has been an enormous emergence of imaging systems dedicated to hardcopy and softcopy color-appearance comparisons. Pre-press industry use the CRT as a soft proofing device to preview and aid with color corrections and changes before producing the final printed image. Color DTP system is required an accurate image-matching between CRT-image and printed image. In other to develop the color DTP,CRT calibration and CRT color transform to CIE color system are necessary. In this paper, we described a method CRT color transform to CIELab color system using RGB image raw data. Experimental results show that described method is useful valid of color image matching.

Spectral reflectance of the object should be measured to predict the color of object under various illuminants. The spectral reflectance can be represented in a multi-dimension space. Generally the information of inputed image by digital camera and color scanner is represented with 3-dimension color signals such as RGB. In other to predict the color of inputed image under any illuminant, we should be estimated spectral reflectance of the object. In this paper, we described the method to predict spectral reflectance by einenvector using the skin color of printed image, confirmed availability and propriety through experiment. we estimated spectral reflectance of skin color taken by RGB color signals and than reproduced skin color according to various illuminants on CRT.

본 논문은 영상 속 객체와 배경의 컬러 특징을 이용한 주요 객체의 자동 추출 방법에 관한 연구이다. 인간 이 객체를 판단할 때에는 배경과 객체의 색상 차이를 이용하는데 이러한 요소를 객체 추출 방법에 적용시키기 위해 서는 배경과 객체의 색차를 강조하여야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 원 RGB 영상을 인간의 시각 시스템과 유사한 HSV 색 공간으로 변환하고 각기 다른 분포도의 메디안 필터를 적용한 두 개의 영상을 생성한 뒤 두 개의 메디안 필 터가 적용된 영상들을 합산하였고 데이터 군집화 방법인 Mean Shift 알고리즘을 적용하여 색상 특징을 그룹화 하였 다. 마지막으로 이진화 작업을 위하여 영상의 채널 수를 3 채널에서 1 채널로 정규화 한 뒤 영상 내 픽셀들의 평균 값을 임계값으로 이용하는 이진화 방법으로 객체 지도 영상을 생성하였고 주요 객체를 추출하였다.

This paper is a study on an object extraction method which using color features of an object and background in the image. A human recognizes an object through the color difference of object and background in the image. So we must to emphasize the color's difference that apply to extraction result in this image. Therefore, we have converted to HSV color images which similar to human visual system from original RGB images, and have created two each other images that applied Median Filter and we merged two Median filtered images. And we have applied the Mean Shift algorithm which a data clustering method for clustering color features. Finally, we have normalized 3 image channels to 1 image channel for binarization process. And we have created object map through the binarization which using average value of whole pixels as a threshold. Then, have extracted major object from original image use that object map.

본 연구의 목적은 광고 표현방식과 문구색상의 상호작용이 제품태도에 미치는 영향에 대한 제품유형 의 조절역할을 검증하는 것으로, 2(광고 표현방식: 명시적 vs. 암시적) x 2(문구색상: 빨간색 vs. 파란색) x 2(제품유형: 실용재 vs. 쾌락재) 집단 간 실험 설계를 적용하였다. 실험에 사용된 제품군은 실용적 제 품의 경우 건전지를, 쾌락적 제품의 경우 폴라로이드 카메라를 활용하였으며, 광고 표현방식의 경우 사전연구를 실시하여 제작하였다. 즉, 사전연구를 바탕으로 명시적인 메시지와 암시적인 메시지를 각 각 빨간색과 파란색으로 제시하였으며, 제품유형에 따라 총 8개 조건의 판촉물을 제작하여 실험을 진 행하였다. 분석 결과, 쾌락적 제품의 경우 광고를 암시적으로 표현하며 빨간색으로 제시하였을 때 제 품태도가 가장 호의적인 것으로 나타난 반면, 실용적 제품의 경우 광고를 명시적으로 표현하며 파란색 으로 제시하였을 때 제품태도가 가장 호의적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 기업들이 제 품 유형에 따른 광고 전략을 수립하는 데 보다 효과적이고 실무적인 지침을 제공할 수 있다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

The purpose of this research is to examine the interaction effect between advertising expression method and text color on product attitude according to product type, using a 2(advertising expression method: implicit vs. explicit) x 2(text color: red vs. blue) x 2(product type: hedonic vs. utilitarian) between-group experimental design. The products used in this research were battery for utilitarian product and polaroid camera for hedonic product, and advertising expression method was produced respectively by conducting pretest. In other words, based on pretest, explicit and implicit messages were presented in red and blue respectively, a total of eight stimuli were produced according to product type and examine the experiments. The analysis results showed that in the case of the hedonic product, the product attitude is the most favorable when the advertisement is expressed implicitly in red, whereas in the case of the utilitarian product, the product attitude is the most favorable when the advertisement is expressed explicitly in blue. The results of this research are meaningful that it provides a practical guidance in establishing more effective advertising strategy based on the product type to the company in the future.