Earticle

In France, the popularization of social rental housing development for regional balanced growth has encountered difficulties due to the increasing costs of housing development in the regions. As a new solution, since 2010, efforts have been made to promote participatory housing in the regions. As of 2023, Strasbourg has 284 households participating in the participatory housing projects. The Strasbourg area has many abandoned houses, and the land is owned by local governments. The local authorities are providing such lands for participatory housing and have established the “Eco-quartier” support association to efficiently support the project and assist in resident-led participatory housing development. This study analyzes the development characteristics of 26 completed participatory housing projects in the Strasbourg area and examines the initial development stages of the representative case, the “Ecologis” project. The success factors of the “Ecologis” project were the active administrative support of the local government, promotion for member recruitment, and the role of “Eco-quartier” in providing expert support teams. In the initial development stage, it identifies the distinctions from a similar concept in Korea, “community housing,” and presents implications for the revitalization of participatory housing.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an online oncology nursing simulation module focused on septic shock care for cancer patients. Additionally, it sought to evaluate the module’s effectiveness in improving nursing students’ clinical performance, clinical confidence, learning satisfaction, and learning flow. Methods: A mixed-methods experimental design was employed. The simulation module was developed using the ADDIE model and delivered via a web-based platform. Fifty nursing students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=25) or a control group (n=25). As normality assumptions were not met, the Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparisons, and Spearman’s rank correlation was employed to examine relationships among dependent variables. Additionally, three focus group interviews were conducted with the experimental group, and qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: The experimental group showed significantly higher scores in clinical confidence, learning satisfaction, and learning flow compared with the control group (all variables p<.001). Clinical performance also improved, but the difference was not significant (p=.070). Exploratory correlation analysis indicated strong interrelationships among clinical confidence, learning satisfaction, and learning flow (ρ=.53-.76, p<.001), whereas clinical performance was only weakly related to learning flow (ρ=.28, p=.047). Qualitative findings supported these results, highlighting immersive learning and enhanced clinical reasoning. Conclusion: The online oncology nursing simulation module effectively enhanced core competencies, particularly clinical confidence, while also supporting interrelated experiences of learning satisfaction and learning flow, as indicated by exploratory correlation analysis. These findings suggest that web-based simulation is a practical and scalable strategy for nursing education in the digital era.

The survival rate of tree after forest fires is very important for forest fires management such as forestation plans after forest fires. This study was carried out to analyze the survival rate of Pinus densiflora tree which is one of the important economic species in Korea after forest. It is necessary to continuously monitor the tree for judgment of tree survival during 3 years after the forest fire. Therefore, this study will be analyze the survival rate of the pine tree after the forest fire in the next 3 years on burned area(Dogye-eup, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do, Korea) by forest fire in 2017 year. As a method to analyze the survival rate of trees, the height of bark char(windward side and leeward side) formed on the tree stem and the crown scorch of the burned trees measured and study areas were selected on burned area by surface fires excepts trees were completely damaged area by the crown fires. As a result of analysis of 200 pine trees damaged by forest fire, the tree with high bark char height and crown scorch ratio were more likely to die and continuous monitoring over the next three years is necessary.

The market size of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) and the number of its approvals by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) has increased along with increasing needs in skin treatment and aesthetic and antiageing field. Since there are no detailed and optimal domestic and international standards for IPL, it is need to develop the safety and performance guideline for IPL which is directly used to the skin. To develop the guideline for IPL, technical information was collected and applicable internal standards and related foreign standards were surveyed and analyzed. And then essential test items in the guideline were derived to evaluate the safety and performance of IPL; output accuracy and stability, pulse profile (pulse duration, pulse delay), beam size, wavelength, uniformity of output beam and cooling test. As a result, this guideline could help civil petitioners in progress of an approval and review, improvement public health by securing medical devices with consistent quality, and strengthen the competitiveness of the domestic medical device industry.

The growing complication of regulations requires intelligent regulation management system, with support of information technology. In this research, we develop basic technology for analyzing rules and policies expressed in natural languages, in order to extract the regulatory attributes and automate data input process for regulation database. We analyze the frequency of verbs occurring in the regulation database, and focus on the most frequent types of regulations: ‘should submit,’ ‘should issue,’ and ‘may not’. Regex based approach and syntactic analysis approach are used for sentence structure analysis.

This study explored the effects of using e-portfolios on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ speaking fluency, as well as their opinions regarding e-portfolio implementation in their program. Sixty EFL students participated in a mixed-methods sequential study and were assigned randomly to an experimental (e-portfolio) group and a control (non-e-portfolio) group. Whereas the experimental group kept portfolios on a social network (Eitaa), the control group presented their speaking activities in the classroom. The speaking fluency of both groups was assessed through pretest and posttest structured interviews, and four aspects of their fluency (speech rate, articulation rate, phonation time ratio, and silent pause rate) were analyzed using the PRAAT and SPSS software. Also, in the subsequent qualitative phase, 20 learners from the e-portfolio group took part in a semistructured interview. According to the quantitative data analysis, speaking fluency increased significantly in the e-portfolio group, and the gain was statistically higher than that of the non-e-portfolio group. The qualitative data analysis revealed 3 main themes of social-emotional and metacognitive benefits, social media portfolio challenges, and fluency in speaking. The findings encourage educators to consider using e-portfolios as a potential medium to improve second/foreign language (L2) learners’ speaking fluency.

این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر استفاده از پوشههای الکترونیکی بر روانی گفتار زبانآموزان انگلیسی بهعنوان زبان خارجی و نیز دیدگاههای آنان درباره اجرا ی پوشههای الکترونیکی در برنامه آموزشی خود پرداخته است. شصت زبانآموز در یک پژوهش متوالی با روش آمیخته شرکت کردند و به دو گروه آزمایشی )پوش هی الکترونیکی( و کنتر ل )بدون پوشهی الکترونیکی( به طور تصادفی تقسیم شدند. گروه آزمایشی پوشههای خود را در یک شبکه اجتماعی )ایتا( ایجاد میکردند، ولی گروه کنترل فعالیتهای گفتاری خود را در کلاس ارائه م یدادند. روانی گفتار هر دو گروه ا ز طری ق مصاحبههای ساختاریافته پیشآزمون و پسآزمون سنجش گردید و چهار جنبه از روانی گفتار آنان )سرعت گفتار، میزان تولید گفتار، نسبت زمان گفتار/آواساز ی و میزان مک ث بیصدا( با استفاده ا ز تحلیل شد. همچنین، در مرحله کیفی ه م ۲۰ نف ر ا ز زبانآمو زان گروه (SPSS) و اس پی اس اس (PRAAT) نرمافزارهای پرت پوشهی الکترونیکی د ر یک مصاحبه نیم هساختاریافته شرک ت کردند. ب ر اسا س تحلی ل دادههای کمی، روانی گفتا ر در گروه پوشهی الکترونیکی ب ه طور معناداری افزای ش یافت و میزان پیشرف ت آن از نظر آمار ی بیشتر از گروه بدون پوشهی الکترونیکی بود. تحلیل دادههای کیفی ۳ مضمون اصلی شامل مزایای اجتماعی-عاطفی و فراشناختی، چال شهای پوشهی مبتنی بر شبکههای اجتماعی و روانی گفتار را آشکار ساخت. یافتهها مدرسان را ترغیب م یکند تا استفاده از پوشههای الکترونیکی را به عنوان ابزاری بالقوه جهت بهبود روانی گفتار زبانآموزان زبان دوم/خارجی مدنظر قرار دهند.

외국어교육에서 문화교육은 자문화와의 연관에서 목표문화를 이해하는 것을 목표로 한다. 자문화와 목표문화의 성찰이 동시에 요구되는데, 학습자들은 목표언어를 배우면서 자문화와 목표문화와의 거리와 차이에 대해 공감할 수밖에 없고, 이러한 차이에 대한 자각은 학습자의 문화와 목표 문화와의 비교로 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 한국어 교육에서 문화교육의 요구와, 그 방법으로서의 작품을 통한 문화교육의 가능성을 짚어보았다. 특히 텍스트로서의 ‘전래동화’가 한국어 교육에서 갖는 위상에 힘입어, 이를 활용한 문화교육의 한 방안을 제안해보았다. 방안으로서의 한 사례로는 세계 공통 소재이면서 우리에게도 친숙한 전래동화 ‘선녀와 나무꾼’을 연구의 텍스트로 선정했고, 이를 통한 비교 문화시각에서 바라볼 필요성을 강조했다. 또한 교육적으로 의미있는 내용 항목을 추출하고자 하였다. 학습자들이 언어능력, 문학능력, 사고능력, 분석능력 등 여러 면에서 차이가 있기 때문에 대체적으로 이 방안이 얼마나 큰 효과를 거둘지는 단언하기 어렵다. 하지만, 한국문화교육에 나서는 이와 같은 비교문화적 방법론의 적용 문제는 시도되어야할 과제이고, 앞으로 더욱 세부적으로 검토가 되어야 할 부분이라고 생각한다.

The goal of cultural education for foreign language instruction is understanding a target culture based on the relationship between the native culture and the target culture. In the process of pursuing deep understanding both in the native and target culture, the students perceive the the difference between the cultures, and they naturally start to compare the cultures. The present study analyzes the necessity of cultural education and proposes a methodology utilizing Korean literature. The focus of the study is especially on Korean traditional literature as it is widely used in Korean education. A case study reviews the most popular story, ‘a fairy and a lumberjack,’ and highlights cultural comparative aspect of the literature. Educationally significant content items are also extracted and reviewed. As every student has different skills for language acquisition, literature interpretation, and analytic thinking, the overall performance of the proposed methodologies cannot be estimated in a short term. However, these cross-cultural educational methodologies in Korean education for non-native speakers should be scrutinized and highlighted academically.24)

이 연구는 실과교육과정기별로 실과 가정영역의 변화 과정 및 교육과정 개정관련 선행연구 분석을 바탕으로 실과 교육과정개정을 위한 가정영역의 목표 및 내용체계를 개 발하여 향후 교육과정 개정의 기초 자료로 제공하고자 실시하였다. 실과교육과정기별로 실과 가정영역의 변화 과정을 분석한 결과 목표는 가정생활, 자신의 주도하는 삶, 가치 판단력, 미래 지향 중심으로 변화하고 있었다. 내용 체계는 가족생활에서는 가정 일, 가족원의 역할, 식생활에서는 전통 한식의 중요성, 의생활에서는 자립적인 의생활과 창의 성, 환경, 나눔, 주생활에서는 쾌적한 주거 환경, 소비생활과 자원관리에서는 시간과 용 돈 관리를 강조하는 방향으로 변화하고 있었다. 2007, 2009 개정 실과 교육과정 개정의 방향과 관련된 선행 연구들을 고찰한 결과 공통된 주제어는 통합, 미래 핵심 역량, 일상 생활 등이었다. 이상의 고찰을 바탕으로 미래 교육과정의 실과 가정영역의 목표 및 내용 체제의 개발 방향은 통합적 측면, 미래 핵심 역량적 측면, 가정생활 관점, 사회적 실제 및 시간적ž공간적 측면을 고려하여 개발하였다. 개발한 실과 가정영역의 목표 및 내용체 계는 다음과 같다. 개발된 가정영역 목표는 대영역 목표와 3개의 하위 목표로 제시하였 다. 개발된 내용 체계는 나를 중심으로 한 ‘자율적인 생활’, 가족생활을 중심으로 한 ‘건 강한 생활’, 자신, 가족 더 넓은 생활환경인 사회를 중심으로 한 ‘행복한 생활’ 3개 영역 으로 구분하였으며 기초와 심화로 나누어 제시하였다. 3개 영역에서 가정영역 내용인 가족생활, 식생활, 의생활, 주생활, 소비생활 및 자원관리 영역이 의미 있게 포함되도록 하 였다. 개발된 실과 가정영역 목표와 내용 체계는 미래의 교육과정을 대비한 시도로서 앞으로 많은 보완 연구가 필요하며, 앞으로 실과교육과정은 동일한 분야에서의 영역간의 상호 보완과 통합 및 핵심역량의 관점이 필요하다고 생각된다.

This study is to develop goals and content system of future curriculum in home economics area of practical arts based on the analysis of preceding studies related to changes and revision of home economics of practical arts curriculum and provide the basic materials for future curriculum revision. As a result of analyzing changes of home economics area in practical arts curriculum, the goals of the area showed the change into family life, self-leading life, value judgment and future orientation. Content system was changed into the emphasis on family affairs and roles of family members in family life, importance of traditional Korean food in dietary life, independent clothing, creativity, environment and sharing in clothing life, comfortable residential life and environment in housing life, and time and pocket money management in consumption life and resource management. As a result of examining the preceding studies related to revision of practical arts curriculum in 2007 and 2009, it was found that there were common key words such as integration, future core competence and daily life. Goals and content system of home economics area of future practical arts curriculum should be developed in consideration of integration, convergence, future core competence, family life, social practice and temporal and spatial aspects. Goals and content system of home economics area of practical arts developed are as follows. Goals of home economics area were divided into large-area goal and three sub-goals. Content system developed consisted of three areas including self-centered 'autonomous life', family life centered 'healthy life', and 'happy life' centering around self, family and society by dividing them into basic and advanced areas. These three areas also included family life, dietary life, clothing life, housing life, consumption life and resource management area. It is considered that goals and content system of home economics area of practical arts curriculum developed need more complementary studies in preparation for future curriculum and also complementary cooperation and integration, and core competence view are required in the same area of practical arts curriculum.

현재 국내와 해외 모두 게임의 재미 요소와 각 분야의 고유 목적이 결합된 기능성 게임들이 많이 개발되 고 있다. 본 논문에서는 교육, 의료, 스포츠, 국방, 공공 분야로 대표되는 국내 기능성 게임의 개발 현황과 해외 기능 성 게임의 개발 현황을 분석한 논문[2]을 바탕으로 개발 현황에서의 문제점을 설명하고, 발전 방안을 제시한다. 본 논문은 기능성 게임 산업 방전에 도움을 줄 수 있다

Currently, Many serious games which combine original purpose of each fields with fun of a game has been developing in the country, abroad. This paper describes problems of development of serious game which based on the paper, analyzed development status of serious games in the country and abroad, proposes development methods. This paper should help to growth serious games industry.

1980년대 후반부터 시작된 탈냉전의 세계사적 흐름으로 독일과 예멘 그리고 베트남이 잇따라 통일을 이루자, 한국은 분단국의 통일과정에서의 교훈을 적극적으로 정책에 반영하기 시작했다. 한국에 있어서 DMZ는 독일 통일전의 베를린장벽만큼이나 의미 있는 곳이요, 남북 모두에게 정치, 경제 군사적으로 중요한 곳이기도 하다. 지구상에 남아있는 마지막 분단국인 한반도의 미래는 열강들이 우리의 통일을 원치 않아 아직도 불투명하다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 한국 스스로 통일을 이룩하기 위해서는 구체적인 계획과 강력한 지도력이 절대적으로 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. DMZ는 장차 남북 모두에게 상호 이해를 가져와 정치.군사적 관점에서 신뢰를 획득하게 되는 장소가 되고 따라서 그곳은 다양한 교류와 소통을 통한 통일의 한 장소가 될 것이다. 필자는 판문점지역의 관광개발이 금강산관광처럼 매우 중요하기 때문에 이곳에 대한 관광잠재력을 연구하게 되었다. 관광에 있어서 남과 북은 서로다 윈윈할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 판문점지역의 관광잠재력을 통한 개발전략과 새로운 개발방안을 마련하고자 하는데 있다.

Since the end of the 1980s, in line with the trend of world history after the Cold War, the lessons learned from the process of reunification in divided countries, (Germany, the Republic of Yemen and Vietnam, for example) have started to be reflected in politics. In Korea as well, the DMZ is a significant place, much like the Berlin Wall in Germany before its reunification, and the DMZ is still seen as an important area for political, economical and military fields, both in the North and in the South. The future of the Korean Peninsula, which is the last country in the world still divided, is still precarious, since the country wouldn't want to be united under the World Powers. It is undeniable, however, that the goal of unifying the nation by Koreans themselves, with detailed plans and strong leadership, is absolutely necessary and remains our greatest focus. The DMZ, with its future in the balance, is the place to be able to bring success in both the North's and South's mutual understanding, to acquire confidence regarding the military and political points. Therefore, that place will have to be one of the first to be unified by varying exchanges and communications. We also conducted research about potential tourism there, as the development of tourism in the Panmunjeom region is very important, like the sightseeing tours of the Gumgang Mountains. With tourism, the North and the South both have a Win-Win situation. The purpose of this research is to establish development strategies and to search for new ways to develop tourism through the analysis of potential tourist venues in the Panmunjeom region (DMZ).

본 연구는 아카데미식 토론에서 긍정 측과 부정 측의 입론 전개 방식에 따라 서로 다른 설 득 효과가 존재하는지 살펴보고자 했다. 먼저 긍정 측 입론의 전개 방식은 필수 쟁점에 따른 전개, 이익 비교에 따른 전개 및 토론자의 개인적 가치에 따른 전개로 구분하였으며 부정 측 입론의 전개 방식은 직접 반박, 간접 반박 및 혼용 반박으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 구체적으 로 긍정 측이 입론 전개 방식 중 보편적으로 사용되는 이익 비교에 따른 전개 방식을 사용하 고 부정 측이 입론에서 각각 직접 반박, 간접 반박 및 혼용 반박을 사용했을 때 나타나는 태도 변화를 측정하여 설득 효과를 분석하였다. 또한 이 과정에서 설득 지식 모델을 활용하여 메시 지의 질과 토론자의 설득 의도가 태도 변화에 미치는 영향을 살피고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 긍정 측이 이익 비교에 따른 방식으로 입론을 전개할 때 부정 측이 직접 반박과 간접 반박 및 혼용 반박 방식으로 입론을 전개하는 방식을 취하는 경우 모두 태도의 변화를 나타냈으며 직접 반박, 간접 반박 및 혼용 반박의 순으로 변화의 크기가 측정되었다. 다음으 로 설득 의도는 집단별로 차이가 없었으나 메시지의 질 평가는 혼용 반박, 간접 반박 및 직접 반박의 순으로 나타났다. 직접 반박과 혼용 반박, 그리고 직접 반박과 간접 반박은 메시지의 질 평가에서 차이를 나타낸 반면 혼용 반박과 간접 반박은 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구는 아카데미식 토론의 진행 순서인 입론, 질의 및 답변, 반박, 및 최종 발언 중 입론과정에서 일정한 설득 효과가 발생 할 수 있다는 점을 논점으로 제시하였다. 또한 이후 반박과 질의 및 답변, 최종 발언, 토론 평가 등으로 이어질 후속 연구를 위한 발판을 마련하였다는 의 의를 지닌다.

This study was developed by a question as to whether there would be different persuasive effects of the proposition and opposition constructive development methods in academic debates. Based on the findings of previous studies, we identified the three different methods of delivering the proposition constructive speech. They are the stock issues, the interest comparison, and the personal values of the debater respectively. The ways of the opposition constructive speech developed were also categorized into the three methods. They are the direct, indirect, and the mixed constructive speech methods respectively. We divided the research participants into the three groups and measured the attitude changes of the direct, indirect, and mixed constructive speech development of the opposition respectively after the viewers had listened to the constructive speech of the interest comparison method of the proposition side, which is widely utilized among academic debate communities. We also investigated the effects of message quality and persuasive intention of the debater on attitude changes of the viewers by utilizing the Persuasion Knowledge Model. The results show that all of the three constructive development methods of the opposition side, the direct, indirect, and mixed speech methods brought the attitude changes of the debate viewers. The magnitude of the attitude change of the viewers increased in the order of the direct, indirect, and mixed constructive speech methods respectively. However, there were no differences in the persuasive intention among the three groups, and the assessment of message quality was highest in the mixed constructive speech method, followed by the indirect and direct speech method of the opposition. There were significant differences in the assessment of message quality between the direct and mixed constructive speech and between the direct and indirect constructive speech methods, but no significant differences were found between the mixed and indirect constructive speech methods. We found that certain persuasive effects could be resulted in the constructive speech process earlier in an academic debate, long before the other parts such as the cross-examination, rebuttal, and final remarks take place. Therefore, we propose that the constructive speech holds its significance much more than it has known before in an academic debate. Limitations and suggestions for future works were discussed thereafter.

This paper is purposed to the Study on the Phenomenon & Development Methods of Beauty Korean Wave, K-Beauty. The research methods are literature study of articles, books, and internet articles. The results are as belows; 1. K-beauty must make the proper direction followed the Korean national image such as IT strengthen nation, young, fast, new, energetic, warm, beautiful. 2. K-beauty products and survices must be high quality brand based. 3. K-beauty needs new advertisement strategy active using new ineternet media YouTube, iTunes and must find advertisement hegemony making star cosmetologist's presence felt. 4. The strategies of K-beauty are making high quality brand based products and services and making beauty tourist destination to one stop buying of foreigners.

본 연구의 목적은 학교사회복지실천가를 양성하기 위한 현장슈퍼비전의 현황을 살펴보고, 현장슈퍼비전을 진행하는데 어떤 어려움이 있는지 검토하여 현장슈퍼비전의 활성화를 위한 방안들을 모색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2012년 7월말부터 9월초까지 전국 11개 시․도의 학교사회복지실천가를 대상으로 이메일과 직접 방문으로 설문조사를 실시하였는데, 학교사회복지사 및 지역사회교육전문가 89명, 프로젝트조정자 12명이 응답에 참여하였다. 분석 결과, 학교사회복지실천현장의 슈퍼비전 현황은 슈퍼비전에 대한 인식이 부족하며 슈퍼바이저의 역할에 대한 혼선이 있고 슈퍼비전 체계 및 지침이 공식적으로 마련되어 있지 못하며 슈퍼비전의 빈도도 비정기적인 경우가 많았다. 학교사회복지현장에 적절한 슈퍼비전 모형과 방법의 개발이 미흡하고 동료 및 집단슈퍼비전에 치중되어 있으며 공식적인 슈퍼바이저 양성과정이 준비되어 있지 못하고 슈퍼비전을 제공하기 위한 슈퍼바이저의 역량 미흡의 문제가 제기되고 있었다. 또한 슈퍼바이지들의 경험과 역량의 차이가 심해 슈퍼비전을 제공하기 어렵다는 점이 공통적으로 보고되고 있었다. 이를 해결하기 위한 대안으로 슈퍼바이저의 자격요건, 슈퍼비전 활성화 방법, 슈퍼바이저 양성과정 개발, 슈퍼비전 모형 및 지침마련 등의 다각적인 발전방안을 제시하였다.

This study intends to review the status of field supervision to bring up school social workers and figure out the strategy to activate field supervision with the analysis on the issues at field supervision. For this purpose, the questionnaire searches by e-mails and direct visits were conducted for 89 school social workers and community education specialists and 12 project coordinators from the late July to the early September 2012 over 11 cities. This research concludes that there are lack of understanding the definitions and roles of Supervision at School Social Work Supervision Field and systems and orders for Supervision are not set up. There are no appropriate models and development for the solutions for Supervision at School Social Welfare, only for the Group Supervision. And, there are no official educations courses for Supervisors and the qualification of Supervisors to provide Supervision is also an problem. In addition, it is reported that it is very hard to provide Supervision due to the big differences between the experiences and capability. Consequently, this study presents the Supervisor Qualification, the Supervision Activating Method, the Development Plan for Supervisor, the Model and Standards for Supervision as the solutions to achieve the goals.