Earticle

The purpose of this study is to analyze the constructing process of the Ddeulzip in the Yeongju. The Ddeulzip is a kind of noble house belonging to the Chosun Dynasty in the Andong cultural area. The constructing process of various branched families into the local village is largely divided into three time periods. They are divided into the Early(15~16C), Middle(17~18C) and Late(19~20C) periods. Total of seventeen familes moved into the Yeongju area. There are various reasons for the migration of many branched families into the local village of Yeongju from Gaeseong, Seoul and Gyeonggi : political escape, war, shelter, and fengshui. As time progressed, these branched families were connected by study and marriage relationships. During the Early Period, six houses of the Ddeulzip were built. At the Middle Period, thirteen more Ddeulzips were built. Finally, twenty two Ddeulzips were constructed duirng the Late Period in Yeongju area. The prosperity of nobles in Yeongju area is shown by the continued constructions of Ddeulzips.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the constructing process of the Ddeulzip in Yecheon, which is located in the north west side of Andong. The Ddeulzip is a kind of noble house belonging to the Chosun Dynasty in the Andong cultural area. The constructing process of various branched families into the local village is largely divided into three time periods. They are divided into the Early(15~16C), Middle(17~18C) and Late(19~20C) periods. There are various reasons for the migration of many branched families into the local village of Andong and these include : political escape, war, shelter, and fengshui. As time progressed, these branched families were connected by study and marriage relationships. During the Early Period, six houses of the Ddeulzip were built by five familys. At the Middle Period, different families built seven houses of Ddeulzips. At the Late Period, most of branched families built eleven houses of the Ddeulzip constantly. Thus, at the area of Yecheon, they maintained the traditional noble culture of house by the Ddeulzip.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the constructing process of the Ddeulzip in Yeongyang, which is located in the middle east side of Andong. The Ddeulzip is a kind of noble house belonging to the Chosun Dynasty in the Andong cultural area. The constructing process of various branched families into the local village is largely divided into three time periods. They are divided into the Early(15~16C), Middle(17~18C) and Late(19~20C) periods. There are various reasons for the migration of many branched families into the local village of Andong and these include : political escape, war, shelter, and fengshui. As time progressed, these branched families were connected by study and marriage relationships. During the Early Period, only two houses of the Ddeulzip were built. At the Middle Period, various branched families built Ddeulzips. At the Late Period, most of branched families built the Ddeulzip constantly. At the time of late 20C, they still built some of the Ddeulzip. It's unusual case. Thus, they maintained the traditional noble culture of house by the Ddeulzip.

A novel substitution box (S-box) construction method is proposed by using a fractional-order nonlinear coupled map lattices chaotic system combined with an elementary cellular automaton. An original S-box is produced by utilizing chaos sequences from the fractional-order nonlinear coupled map lattices spatiotemporal chaotic system. The S-box elements are then rearranged by applying different state values of various cells in the elementary cellular automaton. These chaotic sequences with independent properties are subsequently used to perturb the S-box's elements. Comparative results with previous schemes indicate that the constructed S-box demonstrates enhanced security performance and could be effectively utilized in the development of block encryption algorithms.

Record management, especially in schools as an institution's information centre, needs serious attention from government agencies. Under record management policy, there needs to be practical guidance on record management specific to schools. This paper aims to construct a record management model based on the Eight Indonesian Education Standards to support school accountability in Indonesia. The urgency of this paper in filling the gap in the Electronic Record Management System (ERMS) role is primarily to support school accountability. It is important to include educational laws and regulations in Indonesia to be a foundation in archive management, including preparing the ERMS. This study aims to develop a model of record management in schools. The final stage in this research is to find the final model. The final model is a model that experts and practitioners have validated. A total of 30 records managers were selected for the interviews. Furthermore, the trial was carried out in 30 senior high schools. The research sampling consisted of representatives of archive managers at selected schools from five islands in Indonesia (Kalimantan, Java, Papua, Sumatra, and Sulawesi). Our research findings show that conceptual models meet valid criteria and significantly impact archivist performance in better schools. The practical implication is that the archival management model based on national education standards policies contributes to practical archives and records management to support school accountability.

The purpose of this study is to explore institutional frameworks to professionalize housing management in Korea. In particular, this research reviews the evolution of professional housing management and its institutional measures in a social constructionist perspective. The main method employed in the study is content analysis in which historical pathways in institutionalization of professional housing management are examined and a wide array of indices from secondary data are drawn out in relation to various actors. The findings show that a series of institutional measures were taken from 1970s to secure the professionalization of housing management ranging from introduction of housing management bylaws, placement of licensed housing managers, legal requirements of professionally managed housing estates, compulsory operation of long-term reserve funds, formation of residents' association, mandatory establishment of long-range maintenance planning, to standardization of multifamily housing management bylaws. Since the Multifamily Housing Management Ordinance of 1979 amended in 1980s, many institutional measures have been legally enforced and shaped contemporary practices of professional housing management such as an association for housing management companies, qualification of on-site housing management agents, national licensing examination for housing managers, an organization for licensed housing mangers, mandatory registration of housing management companies, disclosure of monthly housing management fees, and formalization of public assessment of housing management. In spite of the distinctive marks in the professionalization of housing management, more proactive and competitive approaches to the international professionalization need to be considered.

이 논문은 미국 초중고교 교사들을 이용 대상자로 인터넷 상에 산재해 있는 강의안 및 교육자료의 메타데이터 DB를 구축한 GEM 프로젝트에 대한 보고이다. GEM 프로젝트에서는 현재 거의 표준으로 간주되는 더블린 코어의 15개 요소(Elements)를 채택하였고, 여기에 8개 요소를 첨가하여 검색을 원활히 하고자 하였다. GEM 메타데이터 DB의 구축에는 메타데이터 요소들간의 관계를 좀 더 명확히 표현할 수 있는 개념적 데이터 마들링을 사용하였고 메타데이터는 Sybase라는 관계형 데이터베이스에 저장했으며, 이 DB에 웹 인터페이스를 장착하는데에는 Microsoft 액티브 서버 페이지 (ASP) 기술을 이용하였다. GEM 메타데이터의 실제목록은 미국 전역에서 참가하고있는 컨소시엄 회원들에 의해서 이뤄지고 있으며, 그 결과는 인터넷을 통해 Sybase 관계형 데이터베이스에 자동적으로 입력된다. 이 논문에서는 더블린코어, GEM의 개념 및 논리 스키마들을 제시하는 한편, 메타데이터 DB의 구축에 개념적 데이터 마들링을 사용함으로써 얻어지는 장점들을 논하였다. GEM 프로토타입 시스템이 가동되고 있는 URL은 다음과 같다: http://lis.skku.ac.kr/gem/.

This paper reports the GEM (Gateway to Educational Materials) project whose goal is to develop an operational framework to provide the K-12 teachers in the world with 'one-stop/any-stop' access to thousands of lesson plans, curriculum units and other Internet-based educational resources. To the IS-element Dublin Core base package, the GEM project added an 8-element, domain-specific GEM package. The GEM project employed the conceptual data modeling approach to designing the GEM database, used the Sybase relational database management system (RDBMS) to construct the backend database for storing the metadata of educational resources, and also employed the active server page (ASP) technology to provide Web interfaces to that database. The consortium members catalog lesson plans and other Internet-based educational resources using a cataloging module program that produces HTML meta tags. A harvest program collects these meta tags across the Internet and outputs an ASCII file that conforms to the standard agreed by the consortium members. A parser program processes this file to enter meta tags automatically into appropriate relational tables in the Sybase database. The conceptual/logical schemas of Dublin Core and GEM profile are presented. The advantages of conceptual modeling approach to manage metadata are discussed. A prototype system that provides access to the GEM metadata is available at http://lis.skku.ac.kr/gem/.

As the most fundamental infrastructure in the current Internet, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) supports the inter-connectivity of different Autonomous Systems (ASs) and then the reachability can be achieved from any network in the Internet. However, due to the lack of security consideration during its original design, the BGP suffers from multiple security threats. Another challenge is that it cannot support the future sophisticated applications with deterministic routing. In this article, we propose a novel BGP management architecture, namely BGPChain, which is based on the blockchain in order to establish a secure, smart, and agile routing infrastructure for the future Internet.

This study addresses the accurate prediction of weld-bead geometry, which is critical for improving weld quality, reducing potential defects, and optimizing operational efficiency. To overcome the challenges of traditional inverse models, we present a diffusion-based framework that incorporates temporal guidance through sequential frame data. Our model integrates a guidance encoder, latent transform with flow-based modeling, and a diffusion decoder to produce temporally consistent and structurally faithful 3D point clouds. The proposed model utilizes condition information to restore weld geometry data more accurately and its guided learning structure effectively supports overall shape preservation, spatial consistency, and time series-based continuous shape generation. Experiments showed that it outperforms standard diffusion methods using the PSNR, Chamfer distance, Jensen-Shannon divergence, and Hungarian error metrics. Qualitative results showed that the model maintains a balanced depiction of the global geometry without over-emphasizing areas with high point density. These results highlight potential applications in VR-based welding training systems and real-time adaptive control of automated welding processes.

The tragic death of Crown Prince Sado in a rice chest in 1762 has been the subject of much discussion, not only in the academic world but also in South Korean popular culture. In contrast to historical data that suggest that Sado was mentally ill and a violent person whose death was necessary to safeguard the position of the Yi royal house, popular culture has presented him in a more sympathetic light as a victim, blaming political power struggles for his alienation from his father King Yŏngjo (r. 1724–76) and his eventual death. This article explores this glorification of Crown Prince Sado in South Korean popular culture. Cases in point are a wall-tile painting in downtown Seoul, which portrays the procession of King Chŏngjo to the grave of Prince Sado in 1795, the TV series Pimil ŭi mun (Secret Door, 2014), the film Sado (The Throne, 2015), and examples from pseudohistory that apply the Sado narrative to portray Korean history as an ongoing battle between good (us) and evil (them). To understand the narratological motivation behind the glorification of Sado, the article also makes use of historical sources such as Hanjungnok 閑中錄 (Records written in silence), the memoirs of Lady Hyegyŏng, and Hyŏllyungwŏn chi 顯隆園志 (Hyŏllyung tomb epitaph), the epitaph King Chŏngjo wrote for this father. We argue that, for the public, Sado has become the epitome of a tragic hero who fell victim to the forces of the establishment.

급속한 도시화를 거쳐 도시 규모는 끊임없이 팽창하고 있으며 이로 인한 범죄는 현대사회가 직면한 주요한 사회문제 중 하나로 여겨지고 있다. 범죄에 대한 연구는 범죄원인을 설명하고자 했던 이론부터 부정적인 효과가 사회에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 까지 전반적으로 진행되어 왔다. 하지만 범죄의 원인을 규명한 연구는 원인으로 규명된 지표의 인과관계를 밝히지 못하며, 변화하는 도시양상을 설명하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 범죄 발생 의 주요 요인들을 선정하여 범죄 발생의 1)원인과 결과를 규명하고, 2)도시의 동태적 특성을 반영하며, 3)다방면의 요인들을 고려할 수 있는 도시 범죄발생에 대한 시스템 다이내믹스 인과 지도를 제시하였고 도시의 물리적 특성 및 인구통계학적 특성과 범죄 간 인과관계를 정립하였 다. 이를 통해 CCTV 등과 같이 미시적인 도시 물리환경요소부터 거시적 측면의 도시물리⋅인 구특성이 범죄 발생에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 살펴 볼 수 있을 것이다.

With the advances of rapid industrialization and urbanization all over the world, the issue of urban crime has been considered as one of the major problems facing modern society. Most crime research focused on explaining the causes of crime based on a number of theories and assessing the negative effects of crime on society, but had limitations in describing the causal relationship among a cluster of indicators related to crime. Typically, a cross-sectional analysis fails to incorporate time-varying dynamic patterns of urban environments and urban life. This study identified the causes and consequences of urban crime in South Korea by focusing on several major determinants of urban crime suggested by the existing literature. Using system dynamics modeling, we constructed a causal loop map of urban crime which illustrates dynamic urban characteristics and causal mechanisms including various physical (e.g. CCTV), demographic (population density), socioeconomic (poverty) and policy (police resources) factors, along with their joint impacts on crime.

Dans un monde dominé par l’économie du marché, les actualités sont un produit (Allan 2004 & 2006) et les audiences accèdent immédiatement aux actualités partout dans le monde. La CCN et BBCWorld ont joué un rôle clé dans le domaine de l’information, souvent dans une optique anglophone. Afin de contrebalancer cette prédominance des médias anglophones, un conglomérat européen a mis en place Euronews en 1993. Notre étude s’intéresse au au site internet Euronews qui diffuse les nouvelles en huit langues et analyse l’élaboration d’une perspective européenne en s’appuyant sur le concept des narratifs (Baker 2006, Somers 1992 et 1997, Somers & Gibson 1994), et en particulier sur le concept des « narratifs publics ». Notre étude a recours à la progression thème-rhème (Gerzymisch-Arbogast, Kunold & Rothfuß-Bastian 2006) et au modèle de Kress & Leewen (1999) pour l’analyse du texte visuel et porte sur quatre-vingt cinq dépêches diffusées dans six des huit langues d’Euronews.

본 연구는 어린이들의 창의적인 놀이 행위를 위해 특정한 물리적 공간을 활용하여 사용자가 제공할 수 있는 다양한 관점에 대해서 디자인하기 위한 필요 요소에 대해 조사하고, 주변 공간과 그 환경에 그 결과를 효과적으로 적용 하는 방법을 연구한다. 놀이 공간을 효과적으로 디자인하기 위한 선호 요소를 분석하기 위해서 AHP 분석 방법을 활용 하였다. 다양한 국내외의 놀이 공간 디자인의 사례 조사를 통해서 주요한 키워드를 도출하였으며, 각 키워드를 그룹핑 하고 상위 개념의 키워드를 도출하였다. 이를 통해서 최종 도출된 14가지의 키워드를 AHP를 활용하여 각 요소별 쌍대 비교한 결과를 통해서 놀이 공간을 디자인하기 위한 선호 요소에 대한 우선 순위를 도출하였다. 분석 결과 놀이 공간의 형태적 속성에서는 “개방성”, “안전성”, “다양성” 등의 순서로 선호도가 도출되었으며, 놀이 공간의 콘텐츠적 속성에서 는 “모험성”, “오감 요소”, “시각 요소”, “상호작용성” 등의 순서로 선호도가 도출되었다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the various perspectives that children can provide by utilizing specific physical spaces for play, and to study how to effectively apply them to surrounding spaces and environments. AHP was used to analyze the preferred elements for effectively designing a play area. The main keywords were derived through case studies of various domestic and foreign play space designs, and each keyword was grouped and a keyword of a higher concept was derived. The results of the comparison of 14 keywords that were finally drawn using AHP for each element were used to derive the priority for the preferred elements. As a result, preference was derived in the order of “Openness”, “Safety”, and “Diversity” in the morphological properties of the play space, and “Adventure”, “Five senses elements”, “Visual elements” and “Interactivity” in the content properties of the play space.

This study investigates the impacts of tobacco consumption and manufacturing on the environment. Specifically, we examine current practices and strategies, which address tobacco waste – against a global backdrop of tobacco cultivation, consumption and production. Given the junction of external practices and governmental decisions as a goal in tobacco control, public policy theory becomes important in our examination of how strategies to address the environmental impacts of tobacco production waste can be aligned with appropriate public policy approaches. Such theory supports the principle that government, as the most effective advocate for measures to protect the global citizen and environment, should promote public policies, which seek to safeguard both.

중국 보건건강법학의 자주적 지식 체계를 구축하는 것은 자국의 보건건강 법치 담론 이 세계의 장으로 나아가고, 문명의 새로운 형태를 창조하는 중요한 경로이다. 본문은 보건건강법학의 ‘지방적 지식(local knowledge)’에 입각하여, 파편화되고 산발적이며 보 편성이 결여된 부문법 규범들을 일정한 지도 사상, 학리적 근거 및 연구 패러다임에 따라 일체화된 논리로 구조화함으로써, 온전한 자주적 지식 체계를 형성하는 것을 목적 으로 한다. 마땅히 해당 체계의 기본 범주와 내재적 가치를 과학적으로 파악하고, 입법 사와 학과사(학문사)의 변천 과정 속에서 그 생성 맥락을 명확히 정리해야 한다. 주지하 다시피 이 체계의 본질은 중국의 이론을 운용하여 중국의 문제에 답하고, 나아가 온전 한 법학 이론 체계를 형성하는 데 있다. 이는 각종 개념, 명제, 이론, 논리, 관념, 방법이 법학 영역 내에서 교융, 침투, 집성되는 것을 지향한다. 이를 기초로 문제 의식을 강화하 고 문제 지향성을 견지하며, 해당 부문법의 실천 현장에 존재하는 객관적 문제와 학술 연구상의 이론적 문제에 대하여 체계화되고 전문화되었으며 학과의 기질을 드러내는 합리적인 해석을 도출해야 한다. 구체적으로 실천적 차원에서는 공민 건강 사무와 관련 된 이익 문제, 현재 중국 의료 위생 활동에서 일어나고 있는 본체론적 변혁, 그리고 중국 보건건강법과 국제 보건 사무 간의 관계 문제에 중점을 두어야 한다. 이론적 차원 에서는 보건건강법의 변천 과정에서 조우하는 문제, 국가의 중대 전략을 지향하는 문 제, 학문의 중대 전방위(프런티어)를 지향하는 구체적인 학술 문제에 집중해야 한다. 보건건강법학 자주적 지식 체계의 구축은 줄곧 법학 학술 공동체의 이론적 주체성 실현 과정이었으며, 이를 위해 위험 사회(Risk Society)로의 역사적 전환에 입각하여 법 률을 통해 정상적인 의료 질서를 유지하고 사회에 대한 효과적인 관리를 실현해야 한 다. 상술하자면, 보건건강법학 자주적 지식 체계의 구축 과정에서 반드시 다음 세 가지 인식을 명확히 해야 한다. 첫째, 명령 체계 차원에서 보건건강법은 작위 또는 부작위 의무, 그리고 일반 행위 규범이나 개별 의무의 설정 및 변경에 관한 규범으로 구성된다. 둘째, 행위 유도 차원에서 보건건강법은 자발적 복종, 사회적 압력, 또는 절차적 관철 수단의 위하(억지)를 통해 효력을 발휘한다. 셋째, 공정하고 선량한 질서 차원에서 보건 건강법은 정의 실현이라는 임무 외에도 사회의 안정성을 고려해야 한다. 또한, 생존 안전성의 보장을 지식 체계 구축의 기저 논리로 간주하고, 협동적이고 고효율적인 보건 건강법학 담론 체계의 구축을 돌파구로 삼아, 융합과 소통, 공동 관리와 공유를 지향하 는 인류 보건건강 공동체의 형성을 촉진하는 데 주력해야 한다. 덧붙여 지적할 것은, 보건건강법학 담론 체계의 유효성과 영향력은 상당 부분 그 내부의 상이한 담론들, 즉 정치적 담론(정계 대상), 학술적 담론(학계 대상), 민중적 담론(사회 대상) 간에 조화로 운 연결과 양성적인 대화가 이루어져 합력을 형성할 수 있는지 여부에 달려 있다는 점이다. 이와 같이 해야만 중국 전통 법률 문화의 시대적 재창조를 실현하고, 세계 보건 건강 거버넌스에 없어서는 안 될 중국의 지혜와 방안을 공헌할 수 있다.

The construction of an independent knowledge system is a crucial step in advancing the discourse of health law in China to reach the global stage and contributing to the creation of a new model of civilization. This article draws on the "local knowledge" embedded in health law in China and aims to integrate fragmented, scattered, and context-specific branch of legal norms into a coherent logical framework, guided by clear principles, theoretical foundations, and research paradigms, thereby forming a comprehensive independent knowledge system. This requires a rigorous understanding of the system's core categories and intrinsic values, while tracing its developmental trajectory through the evolution of legislative and disciplinary history. Besides, it should be noted that the essence of constructing the above independent knowledge system in China lies in using Chinese theory to address Chinese problems and forming a comprehensive legal theoretical framework. Such an independent knowledge system involves the integration, permeation, and synthesis of concepts, propositions, theories, logics, ideas, and methods in the field of law. Building on this foundation, while emphasizing problem awareness, a problem-oriented approach should be adopted to offer systematic, professional, and discipline-specific interpretations of both practical challenges in health law application and theoretical issues in academic research. Specifically, at the practical level, the focus should be on the issue of interests involved in citizens' health affairs, the profound changes currently reshaping medical and health activities in China, and the interaction between Chinese health law and international health affairs; at the theoretical level, the focus should be on the specific academic problems emerging from the evolution of health law, oriented toward major national strategies and frontier disciplinary issues. The construction of an independent knowledge system for health law in China has long been an autonomous theoretical development within the legal academic community. Therefore, it is essential to start from the historical transition in a risk society and use law to maintain proper medical order and achieve effective social governance. By extension, certain aspects must be clarified in this process: first, at the level of normative commands, health law consists of obligations to act or refrain from acting, as well as norms establishing or altering general behavioral standards or specific duties. Second, in terms of behavioral guidance, health law operates through voluntary compliance, social pressure, or the deterrent effect of procedural enforcement. Third, in terms of justice and order, beyond realizing justice, health law must also consider social stability. Additionally, safeguarding existential security should serve as the foundational logic of this knowledge system. By prioritizing the creation of a collaborative and efficient discourse in health law in China, the focus should be on fostering an integrated, shared-governance framework for a global community of health. It should also be pointed out that the effectiveness and influence of the contemporary discourse system in health law in China depend largely depend on whether the different discourses within it—namely, political discourse (directed toward policymakers), academic discourse (directed toward scholars), and public discourse (directed toward society)—can engage in coordinated dialogue and generate collective strength. Only through such efforts can traditional Chinese legal culture be revitalized for the contemporary era, offering indispensable Chinese wisdom and solutions to global health governance.

建构中国卫生健康法学自主知识体系, 是本国卫生健康法治话语走向世界场域、创造 文明新形态的重要路径. 本文立足于卫生健康法学的“地方性知识”, 旨在将破碎、零散、 缺乏普适性的部门法规范依据一定的指导思想、学理依据和研究范式进行一体化的逻辑 构造, 形成整全的自主知识体系. 应科学把握该体系的基本范畴与内在价值, 并从立法史 和学科史的演变中厘清其生成脉络. 须知, 该体系的本质就是运用中国理论回答中国问题, 并且形成整全的法学理论体系, 其指向的是各式概念、命题、理论、逻辑、观念、方法 在法学领域内的交融、渗透和集成. 在此基础上, 要增强问题意识, 坚持问题导向, 就该部 门法实践场景中的客观问题和学术研究中的理论问题, 作出成体系化、专业化、彰显学 科气质的合理阐释. 具体来说, 在实践层面, 应重点关注公民健康事务所涉利益问题, 以及 当下我国医疗卫生活动正在发生的本体性变革, 还有就是中国卫生健康法与国际卫生事 务的关系问题；在理论层面, 应重点关注卫生健康法变迁中所遭遇的、面向国家重大战 略的、面向学科重大前沿的具体学术问题. 建构卫生健康法学自主知识体系历来都是法学学术共同体的一种理论自为, 为此, 应当 立足风险社会的历史转场, 通过法律维持正常的医疗秩序, 实现对社会的有效管控. 详言 之, 在卫生健康法学自主知识体系建构过程中, 必须廓清如下三点认识：第一, 在命令体 系层面, 卫生健康法是由作为或不作为的义务, 以及有关一般行为规范或个别义务的设立 和变更的规范所构成；第二, 在行为导向层面, 卫生健康法是通过自愿服从、社会压力或 程序性贯彻手段的威慑来发挥效力的；第三, 在公正良序层面, 卫生健康法除了实现正义 的任务之外, 还需要考虑社会的安定性. 另外, 还需要将保障生存安全性视作知识体系搭 建的底层逻辑, 以构筑协同高效的卫生健康法学话语体系为突破口, 着力于促进融合融 通、共治共享的人类卫生健康共同体的形成. 还需要指出的是, 卫生健康法学话语体系的 有效性和影响力, 在很大程度上取决于其内部不同话语间, 即政治话语（针对政界）、学 术话语（针对学术界）和民众话语（针对社会界）之间, 能否协调衔接、良性对话、形 成合力. 如此, 方能实现中国传统法律文化的时代再造, 为世界卫生健康治理贡献不可或 缺的中国智慧和中国方案.

Based on M. A. K. Halliday’s modality system in Appraisal Theory and the Theory of Dialogic Space, this paper explores how modality and metaphors of modality are manipulated to the construction of the dialogic space in academic discourse via marking and statistics of the phenomena of modality and metaphor of modality in self-built academic English corpus. The findings of this study reveal that the construction of the dialogic space is subject to the three dimensions of modality and metaphor of modality: orientation, value and polarity. In the orientation of modality, both implicit and explicit expressions can regulate the size of the dialogic space. Although used less frequently, metaphor of modality regulates more degree of freedom in the dialogic space. In terms of the value of modality, it is inversely related to the openness value of the dialogic space. The polarity of modality closes the dialogic space in different degrees.