Earticle

Background: Angelica gigas is a valuable medicinal crop widely used in traditional medicine because of its pharmacological properties, particularly its bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth characteristics, yield, and indicator compound content of A. gigas roots grown using different cultivation methods and explore the potential utilization of discarded root segments. Methods and Results: Field experiments were conducted to compare the growth performance, yield, and compound composition between the two cultivation methods. Conventional field seed- ling cultivation (CFS) roots exhibited significantly greater length and weight than plug-seedling cultivation (PS) roots, leading to a higher yield per area (449.3 ㎏ vs. 269.1 ㎏). However, the cul- tivation using CFS required a longer growth period of approximately 3 years, whereas the crop could be harvested within a year with PS. Root diameter classification showed that body and thick roots, i.e., the larger root segments, comprised a higher proportion of the total yield in CFS. In con- trast, PS yielded a greater proportion of smaller segments (medium and thin roots). The indicator compound analysis revealed that medium and thin roots had significantly higher levels of decursin, decursinol angelate, and nodakenin under both cultivation methods, with thin roots meeting the Korean Pharmacopoeia standard despite being discarded as a by-product. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that while CFS offers a higher yield per unit area, PS pro- vides time efficiency and reduces cultivation periods, making it a practical alternative for modern agricultural systems. Additionally, the high indicator compound content in the discarded root seg- ments highlighted their potential for repurposing in medicinal and functional product development.

본 연구는 학생창업자의 역량에 따른 창업의지에 엔젤투자자의 존재여부가 미치는 영향을 밝히는 것이다. 이를 위해서 총 3개의 가설로 연구 모형을 설정하고 검증하였다. 160명을 대상으로 학생창업자의 역량(높음, 낮음)을 독립변수로, 엔젤투자자의 존재여부(있음, 없음)를 조절변수 로 하는 2×2 집단 간 실험설계로 구상하여 시나리오 기법으로 실험하였다. 종속변수는 창업의지가 사용되었다. 자료의 분석방법은 기술통계분 석과 분산분석, t-test가 사용되었다. 분석결과 학생창업자의 역량이 높은 경우가 낮은 경우보다 창업의지는 더 높게 나타났다. 그리고 학생창업자의 역량이 높은 집단에서는 엔젤 투자자가 존재하는 경우가 존재하지 않는 경우보다 창업의지가 더 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로 학생창업자의 역량이 낮으면서 엔젤투자자가 존 재하는 집단과 학생창업자의 역량이 높으면서 엔젤투자자가 없는 집단으로 나누어서 창업의지에는 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 그 결과 학생 창업자의 역량이 낮더라도 엔젤투자자가 있는 경우가 그렇지 않은 경우보다 창업의지는 더 높게 나타났다. 이는 대학생의 창업에 있어서 정말로 중요한 것은 교육을 통한 역량강화 보다도 현실적인 자금문제의 해결임을 의미한다. 오늘날 학생창업의 중요성은 그 어느 때보다 높으며 국가적으로 많은 지원정책을 펼치고 있으나 실제 학생창업의 수준은 미비하다. 본 연구 에서는 학생창업에 있어서 엔젤투자자의 중요성을 강조할 수 있었으며 정부와 지자체의 창업관련 정책들의 문제점을 언급할 수 있었다.

This study aims to examine the effect of the presence of angel investor on entrepreneurial intentions depending on capabilities of student entrepreneurs. For this study, a researchmodel was set and verified, based on a total of three hypotheses. Targeting 160 students, this study used capabilities (a high level and a low level) of student entrepreneurs as independent variables and angel investors (present, not present) as moderating variables. Also, a 2×2 group experimental design and a scenario technique were applied. Entrepreneurial intentions were used as dependent variables. To analyze collected data, descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and t-test were conducted. The study results are as follows. When student entrepreneurs had a higher level of capabilities, the level of entrepreneurial intentions was higher than when they had a lower level of capabilities. Also, when angel investors were present in the group of student entrepreneurs with a high level of capabilities, the level of entrepreneurial intentionswas higher thanwhen therewere not angel investors. Lastly, differences in entrepreneurial intentions between the group of student entrepreneurs with a low level of capabilities and with angel investors and the group of thosewith a high level of capabilities andwithout angel investors were analyzed. As a result, the group with a low level of capabilities and with angel investors had a higher level of entrepreneurial intentions than the group with a high level of capabilities and without angel investors. This means that resolving realistic funding issues is more important for university students to start businesses than reinforcing capabilities through education. Although the importance of student startups is growing higher than ever today and a lot of support policies are being implemented on a national level, there is still a lack of student startups in reality. This study puts emphasis on the importance of angel investors in student startups and indicates problems of startup-related policies of the government and local governments.

Robot assisted gait-training (RAGT) has been shown to improve the postural balance and gait function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of squat and wearable robot Angel-legs assisted gait training on the balance and gait in the boy with spastic diplegic CP and provide evidence for the clinical application of training using wearable rehabilitation robots. The conventional physical therapy is performed for 30 minutes per session, twice a day for 3 weeks. Squat and gait training with wearable robot was conducted for 30 minutes per session, once a day for 3 weeks (a total of 15 sessions). Outcome measures were evaluated before and after the intervention. Trunk control measurement scales and pediatric balance scale were used to measure balance, gross motor function measure was used to evaluate gross motor function, 10m walking test was used to evaluate walking ability, and electromyography (EMG) was used as a tool to measure muscle activity. Improvements in all of the measurements have been reported after intervention, induced squat & gait training using wearable robot. In particular, maximum of the difference of the same muscle group(quadriceps and hamstring) activity was decreased in EMG measurements. It is associated with using both side muscle equally, then subject improved walking efficiency. In conclusion, these findings suggest that RAGT including squat training may be meaningful for improving of balance ability and gait performance especially walking speed.

본 연구는 AHP기법을 활용하여 지역 창업기업 투자 활성화를 위해 투자자의 관점에서 엔젤투자자의 투자결정요인을 분석하였다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 엔젤투자자 및 벤처캐피 탈, 모태펀드 등 투자와 관련된 직접 업무 담당자와 관련 업무 담당자 등 총 110명을 대 상으로 설문을 실시하였고, 이 중 47부를 분석에 활용하였다. 선행연구를 통해 투자 결정 에 관한 관점을 자원기반관점, 산업조직론관점, 경영자특성관점, 경영관리기능관점, 기타관 점으로 설정하여 기존 연구와의 차별성을 제시하였으며, 해당 관점을 기반으로 투자에 영 항을 미치는 요인을 AHP 분석을 통해 도출하였다. 엔젤투자자의 창업기업에 대한 투자결정요인의 상대적 중요도를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 경영자특성관점인 경영자특성 영역의 기술전문성, 경험과 실적, 경영관리기능관점인 마케팅 관리기능의 독자적인 유통망 보유 여부, 마케팅 조직 보유 여부, 기타관점의 법적· 기타요인인 벤처기업인증, ISO 등의 인증 획득, 원금회수가능성, 자원기반관점인 제품·서 비스 영역의 차별성, 원천기술력, 기술영역의 연구개발역량 보유가 엔젤투자자의 투자결 정 우선순위로 나타났다. 결국, 기업이 가진 자원이 성과에 긍정적 정(+)의 영향을 미친다 고 해석할 수 있다. 엔젤투자자는 창업기업에 대한 투자결정시 경영자적 특성을 보다 중 점적으로 여기고 있으며, 이와는 반대로 기업의 재무적 부분을 낮게 평가하고 있음을 확 인할 수 있다. 이는 창업기업의 특성상 일반 기업과 달리 안전한 재무건전성을 확보하지 못한 이유로 해석 가능하다. 본 연구를 통해 엔젤투자자의 투자결정 요인에 대해 그룹 간 우선순위를 파악하고 분 석함으로써 투자자를 이해하고 투자자의 입장에서 자신의 사업을 재검증하고 보강하도록 하는 실무적 시사점을 제공한다.

This study analyzed the investment decision factors of angel investors from the investor's perspective to promote investment in local startups using the AHP technique. To achieve the purpose of the study, a total of 110 respondents, including angel investors and those in charge of direct and related work related to investment such as venture capital and mother funds, were surveyed, and 47 of them were used for analysis. We differentiated from previous studies by setting the perspectives on investment decisions into resource-based perspective, industrial organization theory perspective, managerial characteristics perspective, business management function perspective, and other perspectives, and derived the factors that affect investment based on these perspectives through AHP analysis. The results of analyzing the relative importance of angel investors' investment decision factors for startups are as follows. From the managerial characteristics perspective, technical expertise, experience and performance in the area of managerial characteristics, marketing management function perspective, whether there is an independent distribution network and marketing organization, legal and other factors such as venture company certification, ISO certification, and the possibility of principal recovery, and resource-based perspective, differentiation in the area of products and services, original technology, and R&D capabilities in the area of technology were found to be the priorities of angel investors' investment decisions. As a result, it can be interpreted that a company's resources have a positive effect on its performance. It can be seen that angel investors put more emphasis on managerial characteristics when making investment decisions in startups, and on the contrary, they value the financial part of the company less. This may be due to the fact that start-ups are not able to secure a secure financial position unlike general companies. By identifying and analyzing the priorities of angel investors' investment decision factors across groups, this study provides practical implications for understanding investors and helping entrepreneurs to revalidate and strengthen their businesses from an investor's perspective.

인간이 갖는 죽음과 사후 세계에 대한 두려움과 호기심은 많은 상상 력을 낳았다. 차사형 인물 역시 이러한 상상력의 산물이다. 인간의 상상 력 속에서 멀고 먼 이승과 저승을 연결하는 존재가 필요했기 때문이다. 이런 차사형 인물은 서사무가 속에서 구체적인 형상으로 드러난다. 서사무가에서 그려지는 차사형 인물은 첫째, 염라대왕과 같은 상위 신 격이 부여한 임무를 수행하는 인물이다. 둘째, 이승과 저승을 오고 갈 수 있는 능력을 가진 인물이다. 셋째, 망자를 저승으로 데려가는 역할을 수행하는 인물이다. 넷째, 인간의 혼만 빼내거나, 명부를 수정할 수 있는 능력을 갖춘 인물이다. 다섯째, 인정에 약하고, 절대적인 위력을 갖지 못 한 인간적인 면모도 함께 갖는 인물이다. 이러한 차사형 인물의 특성은 현대 콘텐츠에서도 활발하게 수용되고 있다. 가장 대표적인 작품은 <49일>, <신과 함께>, <도깨비> 등이 있다. 이들 작품은 차사형 인물이 갖는 기본적인 다섯 가지 특성들을 잘 살려 수용하였다. 모든 작품에서 차사형 인물이 이승과 저승을 오고 가며 망 자를 천도하는 인물로 등장하기 때문이다. 현대 콘텐츠임에도 저승과 사후세계가 수용되며, 차사형 인물 역시 중요한 역할로 자리한 것이다. 물론 이 과정 속에서 다양한 현대적 변용이 일어나기도 한다. 즉, 기능적인 측면과 성격적인 양상은 기존의 캐릭터를 유지하면서도 그것을 둘 러싼 외형과 배경은 현대적 감각에 맞게 변개된 것이다. 이와 같은 과거 와 현재의 만남을 통해 차사형 인물은 새로운 캐릭터로서의 의미를 창출하고 있다 하겠다.

The curiosity of the human afterlife created many imaginations. The Death Angel’s Character are also the product of this imagination. This is because we needed a connection between this world and the otherworld in human’ imaginations. The Death Angel revealed in detail in Shamanistic Epics. First, It is the person who performs the task assigned by The King of the Otherworld. Second, It is a person who can go to this world and the otherworld. Third, It is the person who takes the deceased to the otherworld. Fourth, It is the person who takes out the soul of human and modify the life list. Fifth, It is the person who sympathetic and humane qualities. This The Death Angel’s character is actively accepted in modern contents. The most representative works are <49 Days>, <Along with The Gods>, <Goblin>. Contemporary content, but the otherworld and the afterlife were accepted. And The Death Angel played an important role. Of course, this process also happens that modern changes. Namely, Function and personality retains existing character. And the appearance and background change a modern sense. As a result, The Death Angel became a new character through the encounter between the past and the present.

이 연구의 목적은 영화 분석을 통해 포스트휴먼의 특징과 포스트휴먼 스포츠의 특징을 알아보는 것이다. 이 연구에서 분석 텍스트로 선정한 영화는 <리얼 스틸>과 <알리타: 배틀 엔젤> 두 편이다. 먼저 영화 분석 을 통해 나타난 포스트휴먼의 특징은 주체성과 신체성이다. 포스트휴먼 의 주체성은 영화 속 로봇과 사이보그가 인간과 동등한 지위를 갖는 주 체로 표현되는 과정에서 나타나며, 인간을 포함한 모든 비인간적 존재도 주체로 생각하는 포스트휴머니즘의 표현이다. 신체성은 영화 속 로봇과 사이보그의 신체가 유동적이고 가변적임을 보여주는 특징으로, 신체가 고정되어 있지 않고 다양체로 존재한다는 포스트휴머니즘의 반영이다. 다음으로 포스트휴먼 스포츠의 특징은 폭력성과 탈인간화로 제시하였다. 폭력성은 인간이 아닌 존재들의 스포츠 활동에 따른 윤리적 책임 회피 에서 나타나는 것으로, 탈인간화는 인간이 스포츠에서 수동적 위치로 밀 려남으로 인해서 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다.

The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of the posthuman and posthuman sports through film analysis. The two films selected as analytical texts are <Real Steel> and <Alita: Battle Angel>. The analysis identifies subjectivity and corporeality as core traits of posthuman figures, highlighting the recognition of non-human entities as agents and the fluid, non-fixed nature of their bodies. In the context of posthuman sports, violence and dehumanization emerge as key themes. Violence through the ethical detachment enabled by non-human participants, and dehumanization through the marginalization of human roles within the sporting domain.

For the exhaustion of petrochemical energy in the whole world, the need to develop new & renewable energy has been growing. Scientists still do research to develop new & renewable energy, most of all, solar energy. Because a solar condenser mostly should be installed on a roof or floor, so it is greatly affected by wind. Nevertheless, the standard to install the solar condenser is not arranged. Therefore, we conducted a wind tunnel experiment (test) to investigate the differences of wind pressure that the solar condenser got according to angle variations and deduct the proper standard to install. In the experiment, it was used that solar array models of 5x3 and 3x5, and it was conducted by changing each angle to 30°, 35°, and 40°.

This study focuses on reading the coming of age novels of Sandra Cisneros and Denise Chavez, the representative writers who led the renaissance of Chicana literature, in the frame of feminist spirituality. The two works, which share the grammar of Chicana Bildungsroman and the scale of the family saga, can be classified as representative spiritual feminist novels in that they realize the politics of Mujerista’s heroine narrative. While Caramelo depicts an aesthetic portrait of the Millennium Guadalupe through spiritual connection between a working-class indigenous grandmother and a half-sister, Face of an Angel symbolizes a strong portrait of the worker Mujerista, who embodies the matriarchal genealogy and the solidarity with the Kin-dom of Mother God. In both works, the universe of spiritual mestizaje, a space of fluid hybridity between indigenous spirituality and Catholicism, is foregrounded. However, while Caramelo focuses on the symbolism of Guadalupe, the ‘brown’ Goddess, and consecrates the soul of the Indian-Mestiza, Face of an Angel can be seen as maximizing Catholic aesthetics in the landscape of Mother God and alternative angels, represented as the ‘Blue’ House.

In order to vitalize angel investments, the Government of South Korea has recently promoted the general public investments, regional investments and network reinforcement, deregulation, and tax support. There is an urgent need of educational programs to discover potential angels and enhance their investment capabilities to promote the general public investments. This study attempts to present the design direction of consumer-centered angel educational programs using the quality function deployment(QFD) and benchmarking. The ameliorated programs are expected to discover potential angels and improve their investment capabilities. This study identifies the limitations of the existing job-oriented angel education through a literature review and confirms the necessity of consumer-oriented Kano-QFD-based educational programs. Subsequently, attractive quality factors are derived from Kano-based demand surveys of 19 angels, 25 startup representatives, and 20 education consultants. Customer needs priorities and quality importance are also determined using the QFD. In addition, the angel educational programs of 7 domestic and foreign institutions are benchmarked. Based on this empirical research, we identify the design direction of angel educational programs as follows. First, the program needs to be customized in depth. Second, the program needs to inspire self-esteem by conferring qualified angel investment certificates upon completion of the required education. Third, the program needs to invigorate the community of trainees and graduates. Fourth, the program needs to be designed to establish a refresher education system for angels. Fifth, the program needs to be a blended delivery of face-to-face and non-face-to-face education centering on online non-face-to-face education. Sixth, according to the target audience, the program should incorporate quality importance and customer needs priorities. This research proposes the direction to improve angel educational programs. It is expected to study the design of segmented educational programs that consider angel investment experience, gender, and region for future research.

토마스 아퀴나스는 인간과 마찬가지로 천사들 간에게도 의사소통이 필요함을 인정하고 그들이 어떠한 방식으로 소통하는지 여러 텍스트들에서 고찰하였다. 토마스에 따르면 천사들의 말은 인간과 달리 어떤 감각 가능한 외적인 기호가 필요하지 않다. 그들에게는 소통을 가로막는 신체의 불투명성이 없기 때문이다. 다만 천사들이 서로의 정신 안을 직접 들여다 볼 수 없는 이유는 그들의 감추고자 하는 마음 때문이다. 그러므로 천사들은 외적인 기호의 필요없이 자신들의 내적인 개념들을 현시하고자 하는 의지만 있으면 그들의 생각을 다른 천사들에게 전달할 수 있다. 자신들이 내적으로 파악한 개념들을 타자에게로 현시하도록 질서지움, 이것이 바로 천사들의 말이다. 그런데 토마스는 이러한 생각을 전 저작들에 걸쳐 일관되게 개진한 것은 아니었다. 오히려 초기저작에서는 천사들의 경우에도 의사소통을 위해서는 기호가 필요하다는 입장을 취하였다. 이러한 생각의 변화의 바탕에는 ‘내적인 말’에 관한 그의 이론의 변화가 놓여 있다. 즉 초기 저작에서는 가지상과 내적인 말을 분명하게 구분하지 못한 반면에, 원숙기의 저작에서는 이 둘을 분명하게 구분하고 양자에게 각각 다른 본질적 규정을 부여하였다. 천사의 말에 관한 논의의 변화는 내적인 말에 관한 이론의 변화를 반영하고 있다.

Approving that it needs to communicate among two angels to make themselves understood, Thomas Aquinas considers how the angels speak to each other Unlike the human beings the angels do not need any kind of sensible signs in order to communicate with each other, because for them there is no ‘corporeality’ which hinders the communication. They only need to have the ‘will’ to communicate their thoughts. To coordinate the hidden thoughts for manifesting them to others is angelic speech. But Thomas did not deny the mediation of the signs for angelic speech from the beginning of his academic career. On the contrary in the Commentaries on Sentences he is of the opinion that angels as purely spiritual beings have to use intelligible signs. My argument is that behind this change of the theory of ‘angelic speech’ the change of the theory of verbum lies. Thomas in his Commentaries on Sentences does not clearly distinguish between the species intellgibilis as the principle of cognition and verbum as the terminus of cognition, while in the Summa Theologiae he makes a clear distinction between them and attributes different essential determinations to each one. The theoretical development of angelic speech reflects Aquinas’s change of thought on the verbum mentis.

Song, Eun Young. “Ideology of Angel and Infanticide in the 19th Century: A Study of Adam Bede.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 41.1 (2015): 125-146. This study discusses the motherhood and infanticide in the 19th century through George Eliot's Adam Bede. The noble is a true story about a single mother who killed her baby. In the 19th century, woman was considered as an angel in the house, and the responsibility of the nurturing children was assigned to women. For that reason, women dedicatedly endeavored to do her duty for children. The idea that maternity is women's natural instinct was a predominant idea in the 19th century, but the problem of infanticide and abandoned children still existed. In Adam Bede, Hetty Sorrel was a very beautiful unmarried woman and believed to be able to high class for her beauty. With that belief, she was seduced by Arthur Donnithorne but after all she was abandoned by him. After he left, Hetty learned she was pregnant. However an immoral woman was regarded as a woman who was disqualified as a mother at that time. That's why Hetty secretly gave birth her child and abandoned it in the forest. Although Eliot considers motherhood as a virtue of woman, in this novel she points out social contradiction which coexisted ideal mother and infanticide through a woman who killed her baby. (Sungshin Women University)

Being a modernist as well as a specific stylist in korean world of poetry, Kim-Chunsu made angels ‘epistemological topic’by introducing‘ angels’in his poetic activities constantly and repeatedly for over 60 years . The first angel was ‘the angel of creation’, ‘the angel of transfiguration’as ‘the angel of childhood’that brings on changes to all things under the sun. The poet takes note of ‘the space of eternal silence’which the angel owns. This means it contains the dark fear of the Only Self in front of(facing) the world. It tells the epistemological ground of his early poetic world. The second angel of the poet accepts pantheistic angel of Rilke. It is not the symbol of the Christian, the one and only God, but the angel of the whole of creation scattered in all nature. It is a pantheistic angel of Rilke. but there is another aspect in the angel of Kim-Chunsu.: Namely, the angel of Rilke is the narcissistic being which is disconnected with a human being, on the other hand, the angel of Kim-Chunsu is the angel of mutual helping being who makes a little heart revive behind the back of the dead boy. Besides, there are ‘flames of world’and ‘a dead boy’and ‘night of darkness in the background of the angel Kim Chun-su had introduced. Therefore, Kim Chun-su had brought on an angel to grasp the limit and the tragedy of human being’s life through the relationship with the heavenly( eternal) existence. The third angel of the poet is‘ an angel whose whole body is made of eye’said by theologist Cestoff in Russian Orthodox Church. Therefore, the ‘angel’is a device to show the pain of the world, and transcendency of the heaven when it watches the death of Jesus. The poet also called Sonja ‘an angel’in the novel, 『Crime and Punishment 』of Dostoevsky to investigate the tragedy of human body and the transcendency surpassing the limit of human body. And the poet says the angel’s eye is still watching Raskolinikov. This is an allegory to reveal ontological uneasiness. for the subject standing in front of the world. The last angel as‘ the angel of everyday lives’became harmonious with all the past angels. Sometimes it appears with the shape of ‘the eye of the mirror’, it sometimes awakens him with the verse:“ there is the word,‘ Dear!’for me, instead of the word,‘ an angel.”『( two still objects』) An ideological(abstract) topic becomes harmonious in daily life. The angel covered with ideological skin leaves the cocoon and instead the voice of the subject is filled in the place. ‘The angel of everyday lives’speaks for his last criticism of poems. : Feeling is the truth.

The purpose of this paper is to examine one of the most pervasive and persistent stereotypes of mental illness; the mad genius, which assumes a close and necessary connection between artistic or intellectual achievement and psychological dysfunction and the process of finding the identity as a writer in An Angel at My Table, by Janet Frame. Janet Frame is portrayed as a creative, imaginative young woman growing up in New Zealand in the 1930s and 1940s who, struggling to find her place in the world and traumatized by the early deaths of two sisters, retreats from reality into her poetic imagination. This recovery can be possible when she confronts her painful past and transform it to consistent narratives. However, as she seeks refuge from the social expectations that frighten or oppress her, her increasingly antisocial behaviour becomes the object of medical inquiry and social censure. An Angel at My Table demonstrates the instability of classifications of psychiatric disorder, when Janet's diagnosis of schizophrenia is later found to be false. Finally, she realizes that the place which she has to write in is the South Island’s place in New Zealand. Frame deliberately dismantles notions of a fixed identity and begins to write as a national New Zealand writer.

The principal objective of this study was to determine the optimum manufacturing conditions of egg white withhigh foaming property for the production of angel food cakes. The egg whites were desugarized and powdered at pre-determined pHs and drying temperatures. The physicochemical properties of the produced cakes were measured and sensoryevaluations were conducted on a 9-point scale. The volume and textural properties of cakes produced from spray-dried eggwhites did not differ from those of the cakes prepared from the control egg whites. The pH of batter and the specific gravityof foam and batter with egg white powder at pH 6.74/66.5oC did not differ from those of the control, whereas the oneprepared with commercial powder lost the characteristics of cake to a significant degree. The overall acceptance scores of eggwhite powder of pH 6.74/66.5oC and commercial powder were 6.25 and 2.33 as compared to the control (6.42). These resultsindicate that the egg white powder that was desugarized, pH-adjusted to 6.74, and dried at 66.5oC might be utilized to prepareangel food cakes with the desirable physicochemical and sensory attributes.

This study was carried out in order to study the effect of mungbean protein on quality characteristics of angel parfait. The foaming properties of mungbean protein was tested and angel parfait was made with mungbean protein. The results were as follows: 1. Foam expansion values of mungbean protein were generally dependent on protein concentration to 3かio protein suspension. From 1％ to 3％ suspen-sion, foam expansion values increased. However, over 3％ suspension, the values decreased. 2. The foaming stability appeared the greatest value as protein concentration increased. But it was not signifi-cantly different over than 5% concentration. 3. The overrun of angel parfait made with munbean protein was significantly higher than that of made with soybean protein and sensory evaluation data presented that angel parfait made with mungbean protein was significantly higher than that of soybean protein.

A party to the charter will not be able to rely upon the doctrine of frustration if an event which makes further performance impossible has been caused by his breach of the charter. Strictly speaking, this is not a situation of frustration at all but rather a case of discharge of the contract by breach. In the Sea Angel case, the defendant entered into a Lloyd's Standard Form of Salvage Agreement with owners of the casualty on the LOF 2000 form, incorporating the SCOPIC clause. The time charter was on the terms of the Shelltime 4 form. This case the trial of the action brought by the claimants owners of the vessel Sea Angel claiming outstanding hire from the defendant charterers. This Case was issued whether charterparty frustrated by refusal of port authorities to issue "No Demand Certificate" allowing port clearance pending payment of oil spillage clean-up costs. The court concluded that no attempt had yet been made to invoke the assistance of the Pakistani court to obtain the release of the vessel. There was not so radical or fundamental a change in the obligation assumed by defendant as to establish frustration. The purpose of this study aims to analyse frustration and time charter in the Sea Angel case.