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Accompanied by strong rainstorm, typhoon causes both property loss and human damages while moving its location. Especially, as water temperature rising and strengthened typhoon due to global warming are bringing huge damages in most recent years, continuous study becomes indispensible. Thus, this study used variables of frequency of typhoon, central pressure, maximum wind velocity, radius of typhoon and water temperature rising in the southern coast that affects the features of typhoon. Through the variables, this study implemented comparative analysis on the yearly change trends of typhoons from 1990s through 2000s.

The purpose of this study aims to make improvements on the standard estimation process for estimating reasonable costs of construction work. It was analyzed the manpower in reinforcement work for rational plan and the cost down of apartment housing.

The purpose of this study is to set standards for a conservation value for evaluating the value of modern architectural and cultural heritages. The criteria and item for the conservation value was set up by the theoretical researches and previous studies on the conservation value. The process to determine the criteria of conservation value for modern architectural and cultural heritage was classified into 20 items under the 5 value categories of the historical value, the architectural value, the social value, the economic value and the urban contextual value. This study can be used as not only the criteria of conservation value but also the suggestion of a new methodology for value evaluation system for modern architectural and cultural heritage.

Recently, there is an active research to apply the cold water to radiant floor system as the existing radiant floor heating system. However, it is experiencing difficulty with its utility because of impossible maintenance for the interior thermal environment for the dehumidification and cooling. This research therefore simulated three cases - packaged air conditioner that has been in use previously and radiant floor cooling, only packaged air conditioner, only radiant floor cooling - and set them under interior rainy season and confirmed the possibility of dehumidification for each case. We produced same condition of dry temperature of 25degrees and relative humidity of 85% as 99.2m2 apartment building and completely opened door of each room under cooling condition. The FDS of USA NIST is used as simulation program. The result of possibility for dehumidification was positive for packaged air conditioner that has been in use previously and radiant floor cooling as well as the packaged air conditioner but negative for only radiant floor cooling.

In this study, it was developed eco-friendly inorganic binding material concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag and alkali activator(water glass, sodium hydroxides). Also, it was evaluated the flexure preformance of the RC beams using inoganic binding material concrete. The eco-friendly concrete using inorganic binding material encouraged alkali activation reaction has rapid hardening speed and showed possibility as a high strength concrete.

With the urbanization process in recent years, many buildings are being constructed between two different mountains. In this case, however, topographic wind speed-up effects must be considered for securing the safety of structure. Thus, this study compared topographic factor and turbulence intensity with standard value by implementing wind tunnel test through different distance lengths in accordance with the height of mountain using 4 representative types of simplified 3-Dimensional Hills that funneling effect may be shown. Through the experiment, this study aims to suggest quantitative fluctuation of wind speed according to the change of distance lengths and provide hills that is affected by the valley wind effect as preliminary data for assessment of wind speed-up effects.

There has been a growing need for hollow slab system, because long span structures are in great demand. In a long span structure, the problem of vibration of floor slabs frequently occurs, and the dynamic characteristics of a hollow slab system are quite different from the conventional floor system. It is required to investigate the safety and the serviceability of hollow slab. Therefore, there exists a necessity for accurate vibration analysis. In this study, equivalent plate slab models are used for the efficient analysis and their eigenvalue analyses are conducted. In conclusion, equivalent plate models relatively precisely presented the dynamic characteristics of one-way hollows.

In this stydy, experimental research was carried out the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete haunched beams such as application with or without slab and shear reinforcement ratio. Test results showed that test specimens(FTH-i Series) was increased respectively the maximum load carrying capacity by 1.13～1.14 times in comparison with the standard specimens(FTH). And the specimens(FTH-i Series) showed the stable hysteresis behavior.

This study was suggested the improvement of policy and system in domestic asbestos demolition industry. The results are listed below. 1) Status of asbestos demolition industry. 2) Analyzed current laws and regulations on the asbestos demolition industry in Korea. 3) Improvements and problem of asbestos demolition industry in Korea.

This research aims at investigating the innovative strategies to overcome overall challenges in small construction firms. It is reported that the small and medium size construction firms account for 96.8% of total domestic construction companies, but most of them are not able to make a self-motivated vision and objective. As a consequence, this research proposes an innovative business model that help small and medium size construction firms competitive to the harsh construction environment by organizing the internal system components and analyzing the detailed managerial factors.

In the 21st century, demand for high strength concrete is increasing due to the trend toward construction of maximum vertical aspect ratio structures. Concurrent with this is the increasing societal emphasis on the environmental effects of construction materials and construction waste. Given the need for increasingly high strength concrete, this study examines two potential solutions to the correlative environmental issues. First is the potential for generalized use of increased amounts of recycled concrete aggregate. Second is the potential for utilization (and thus recycling) of blast furnace slag as cement. Typically, the use of recycled aggregate has been thought to reduce the strength of high strength concrete. In this study we will examine variations in the mixture ratios and in the percentage of recycled aggregate concrete to determine whether, and in what ways, it is of practical use in high rise construction. This study will also examine the practicality and long term effects of using blast furnace slag as cement materials. Through this study we hope to evaluate the effectiveness of these elements in producing concrete which meets all requirements of high rise construction, while utilizing lower cost materials which at the same time reduce the environmental impact of concrete construction.

This study aims to consider the use of steel fiber materials as a way to supplement weaknesses of using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). To achieve this research objective, experiments were conducted using mixtures of steel fibers in concrete fabricated with four different ratios of RCA. The results were evaluated to investigate the effects on the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of concrete members fabricated with the addition of steel fibers to various ratios of RCA. The conclusions address the potential for effectively using steel fiber-mixed RCA. In this study, characteristics of concrete strength were observed utilizing several replacement ratios of recycled aggregate (0%, 15%, 30% and 50%). Further, changes of the early strength and long-term strength were analyzed in experiments evaluating compressive, tensile and flexural characteristics utilizing varying degrees of aging (compression·tension: 3 days, 7 days and 28 days; bending: 28 days). Variables of the mixing rate of steel fibers (0%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%) were evaluated to determine its effectiveness in remedying conventional weaknesses of using RCA. The experimental results indicate that the compressive, tensile and flexural strength are almost similar to concrete employing normal aggregate, where steel fiber is utilized with a recycled aggregate ratio of up to 30%. Moreover, where a 1% mixing rate of steel fiber is utilized with a replacement ratio of recycled aggregate of 50%, the dynamic characteristics are also similar to normal concrete. Judging from these results, it is proposed that concrete composed of steel fiber reinforcement using proper ratios of recycled aggregates has a viable application in concrete structures.

The study of shear behavior of RC beams using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) has not been a widely investigated area of architectural structure because of variant factors which were difficult to consistently explain. In practice, the shear behavior of RCA beams have been investigated experimentally in order to meet a customer's structural requirements by comparing RC beams made of natural aggregate with those using RCA. In this study, tests have been performed utilizing varied ratios of recycled aggregates and on four concrete mixes (conventional concrete and recycled concrete with 15, 30 and 50% of RCA). Two concrete strengths (normal and high strength) were utilized. Thus, eight reinforced concrete beams were made and tested for shear behavior. The results showed that ultimate loads were little affected by the different types of concretes. Experimental results were compared with current KCI codes and with the shear equation proposed by Zsutty. From these test, it was determined that current KCI codes accurately predicted the shear strength of the recycled concrete, while the Zsutty's equation underestimated the experimental results.

Recently the world is trying to reduce carbon emissions for global warming. Reducing use of fossil fuels can decrease carbon emission. In this reason the construction field has tried to reduce the use of fossil fuels relating to heating and cooling of buildings. An energy loss through the window system is about 10 to 30 percent of energy consumption of the whole building. The use of window film insulation is increasing to control the heat loss at the windows. The window film insulation absorbs solar radiation and makes the surface temperature of windows high. In this study, window surface temperature is measured, and an impact on indoor air is identified after attaching window film insulation. Finally, we found that cooling load decreases through simulation.

In this study, experimental research was carried out to improve the structural performance of high-strength reinforced concrete interior beam-column joints using advanced intermediate reinforcement and closed stirrup. Test result shows that retrofitting specimens(IJIR, IJIRCS) designed by the improvement of structural performance and ductility using advanced intermediate reinforcement and closed stirrup could attained more maximum load-carrying capacities and stable hysteretic behavior. The maximum load-carrying capacities of each specimens were increased 1.3～1.32 times in comparison with standard specimen.

This study describes the structural properties of high-strength 600 Mpa steel developed for high-rise structure. In this study, we introduce the developmental criteria of 600Mpa steel, which was already well-established for its practical use in Japan. Furthermore, this study analyze the mechanical characteristic, axial load test, and flexural test of the same rank of Korean steel by comparing the experimental results from beam-column steel from Japan, providing the fundamental database for the related research field in Korea. The 600Mpa steel produced in Korea, when compared with that of Japan, exerts high yielding ratio, whereas low elongation ratio. Given this analysis, the yielding ratio should be adjusted below 80%, whereas elongation ratio should be up-regulated more than 20% to utilize for the construction of high-rise structure.

For the exhaustion of petrochemical energy in the whole world, the need to develop new & renewable energy has been growing. Scientists still do research to develop new & renewable energy, most of all, solar energy. Because a solar condenser mostly should be installed on a roof or floor, so it is greatly affected by wind. Nevertheless, the standard to install the solar condenser is not arranged. Therefore, we conducted a wind tunnel experiment (test) to investigate the differences of wind pressure that the solar condenser got according to angle variations and deduct the proper standard to install. In the experiment, it was used that solar array models of 5x3 and 3x5, and it was conducted by changing each angle to 30°, 35°, and 40°.

Past researches on construction scheduling have focused on technology elements and improvement in single project site on the assumption of no restriction on resources. Under recent social-economic situation, the new methodology of overall perspective for multi-project controls is required while small numbers of managers oversees many project sites. Under recent social-economic situation, the new methodology of overall perspective for multi-project controls is required while small numbers of managers oversees many project sites.

Nowadays, on the whole society, it is called Globalization Age and our traditional culture has been much considered more than before. When it is the age that can accommodate easily: the ways in opposite parts of the world are imitated like copying the neighborhood's way, people believe that it must be required to be obvious for the identity of mine. Hanok, traditional residential form in Korea barely has been keeping in existence because of process of industrialization and modernization. In the beginning of the 21st century, needless to say, Bukchon business that is widely spreading is welcome instance that is optimistic about the future of our cultural heritage policy. In addition, Hanok is also welcomed as new style of residential form. Therefore, this research is seeking a residential plane's way as a modern style's Hanok by conducting the field study on Urban Hanok Dwelling that is built recently based on studying features of the Traditional Hanok Dwelling.

The study is on the location and the architectural feature of the Busan Public office Building in 1910~1930. The location of offices in Busan, political, and economic reasons, and infrastructure were reflected tanks. Of the previous Government in 1910 in Busan, where around 本町, but since 1910 have been distributed throughout the city. The exteriors of Busan Public office buildings were classified as simplified classical ones in 1920's and modern-like ones in 1930's. Structures and materials in the 1910s, timber, bricks in the 1920s, 1930s concrete was used. This is because in 1923 the Great Kanto Earthquake in Japan.

This research aims to secure the fundamental data required to manufacture a functional mould based on an analysis of changes in internal temperature when phase change material is applied to an outer mould, the characteristics of strength development, and the relationship between the heat of a solution and internal temperature. The research findings indicate that the setting and hardening of a concrete surface was highly affected not only by thermal storage of phase change material at the early age of concrete hydration but also by heating when the temperature is dropping after hardening. It is considered that a mould can be manufactured based on the research findings.

Recently the Green Building Rating System has become commonplace around developed countries. Since 2002, Korea also operates a certification system and deployed increasingly. Within the Green Building Rating System of inner environmental part is the most important part among other countries certification as well as energy part. In fact, the general office tasks to use necessary artificial lighting to ensure proper illumination of the building, energy consumption is approximately 30% of the total electrical energy consumption. From the outside, using natural light aggressively can lower its dependence on large amounts of electrical energy. So in this study, design appropriate lighting due to the window area and several forms of rooms. From the room set the domain of secondary and artificial lighting (PSALI, Permanent Supplementary Artificial Lighting in Interior) when introduce natural light from outside the room. derive methods of using minimum artificial lighting under condition of proper illumination of indoor, by this method present best solution in case of lowering dependence by using natural lighting to save electricity energy, so that it can present basic data in the future of energy saving lighting design.

This research will consider the problem of designing karkassno-membrane space structures. We consider three variants of the design space of shells formed by the graphs of mathematical functions, as well as a comparison with the shell, obtained without the use of mathematical methods of construction. It is also calculated on the strength of all 4 designs in the program, Autodesk® Robot™ Structural Analysis followed by analysis and comparison of the structures developed. The purpose of this paper is to study the effectiveness of the surfaces formed by mathematical functions, the design of spatial shells of civil and industrial buildings.

Than 50MPa strength concrete mixing if the fiber explosion resistance, shrinkage resistance, toughness, and to contribute increases. However, a single fiber and strength in fiber coverage and fiber honipryang boost and high-rise structures temporarily were applied 27MPa or less regular strength concrete continuous endurance degradation and reinforcement is required and a lot of usage compared to quality for the efforts lacking and durability the time required is increased. In this study, the general strength of concrete by mixing a small amount of hybrid fibers excellent crack reduction and the promotion daninseomyuboda goal is to find a hybrid fiber.

In this study, nonlinear static and dynamic seismic response analyses were performed with two reinforced concrete partial frame specimens having lower shear walls. One of them was retrofitted with a novel steel damper system. The steel damper system was modeled as a shear element, and its hysteresis model was assumed as a tri-linear model without degrading of stiffness by unloading utilizing the hysteresis model for steel materials. On the other hand, the members of beams and columns were modelled as line elements with springs representing nonlinear behaviors and the lower shear wall was modelled as a brace element with equivalent section characteristics with it. The results of both static and dynamic analyses were considered to be similar with those by experiments.

In this study, we reviewed the relationship between insulation condition and unit thermal load of the building groups in order to predict the city's thermal demands. The standard models of the building groups were selected through the status of domestic architecture and literature survey. The reaction of thermal load by the insulation change in the building examined through Simulation of the dynamic heat load. Once the insulation condition strengthens, heating load was reduced and cooling load was increased. In case the insulation condition weakens, showed a opposite tendency of the previous. In addition, the change according to the insulation condition was heating load larger than the cooling load overall. Responsive to the load of the building groups, the heating load and cooling load were different. In particular, the reaction of detached house and apartment house was larger than the non-residential facilities.

This study aims to provide fundamental data about redevelopment projects of housing environment, by extracting more comprehensive planning elements, and comparing and analyzing problems of hill housing which is being requested to diversify in the diversified society in order to improve hill housing environment in housing redevelopment zones, Pusan. Firstly, it is important to find out characteristics native to the lands in the hill topography in environmental aspects. Also, the clues about them can be found from the existing residential areas that were created abiogenetically. Secondly, in architectural aspects, it is also important to develop and apply proper housing types depending on topographical properties, and connect them with the surrounding spaces to create a variety of spaces, adapting to topographical conditions. Thirdly, from institutional viewpoints, general application of the current legal system makes it impossible to build low-rise high-density residential districts. Especially, it is causing lots of problems such as destruction of natural landscape, by promoting construction of high-rise high-density apartments in hillside fields. Fourthly, hill housing development should be conducted annually in connection with urban plans rather than considering housing types only, and should be recognized as a base for solving urban problems.

Public Construction Projects have played a key role in providing people with life convenient and in expanding SOC infrastructure by investeing 40 trillon for a year. In spite of lots of budget, delay comes up and then criticized from people cause of cost increasing. For efficient cost management, it is important that manage to cost of public construction effectively from draw major item then focusing efforts. So in this study, present efficient and advanced cost management practices Using PROMETHEE method. Find out 30 Cost-Increasing Factor though the comparative analysis cause of making construction productivity, risk, delay, classify by them design, construction, the internal construction, the external construction. There for this study draw the item of cost of construction using the PROMETHEE method then suggest effective method of construction cost management bases.

This study is basic research for the interior lighting on/off control system of apartment housing and select the optimum location of illuminance sensor and build control algorithms of the system. To select of optimum position of illuminance sensor was used Relux simulation program. This analyzed illumination of work plane and interior wall and has chosen position of interior wall which can represent illumination of work plane. As a results, 9 points of the north wall was found to be representative illumination of work plane. For necessary condition to on/off control of interior lighting is predicted illumination of interior work plane. And, To predict interior illumination by daylight without artificial illumination select 9 points. Then, According to the presence of artificial light or not has derived correlation of illumination on 9 points. Based on this study, the on / off control algorithm of interior lighting by daylight was built.

Problem of structure vibration has recently become an issue. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate floor vibration for factory and office using acceleration data. In order to apply foreign vibration criteria, natural frequency, acceleration response were measured for walking load and ambient vibration. Case of factory structure, natural frequency are extracted numerical analysis and field experiment. With this information, a system identification has been performed to produce a numerical model representing existing floor. The peak magnitudes of acceleration for one man walking heel drop load from experiment and numerical model are analyzed using ISO vibration criteria and AIJ vibration performance criteria. Case of office structure, natural frequency are extracted field experiment. And acceleration responses were measured for one man walking heel drop, four men walking heel drop, and ambient vibration at afternoon and night. The peak magnitudes of accelerations were analyzed using ANSI architectural vibration criteria and AIJ vibration performance criteria.