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Gas accident prevention supported capital offered by 3 Gas related rules doesn't meet the requirement of real situation when considering that deposit method and size. So the support haven't helped the gas accident prevention. The offer about the gas accident prevention supported capital is treated in this paper, The most powerful and effective method is considered in case of system prevention from gas accidents throughout the way of deposit method, size and operation method of gas accident prevention supported capital for gas accident prevention.

As the loss from break-downs and errors, which became more frequent with the growth of elaborateness, complexity and in scale of the plant and equipments, are enormous, the improvement in the reliability, maintenance, safety, and qualify become to have interest. The fault diagnosis is a systematic and unified method to find errors, which is based on the interpretation that data, subconsciously, have noises. But, as most of the methods are inferences based on binomial logic, the uncertainty is not correctly reflected. In this study, we suggest, to manage the uncertainty in the system efficiently on the point of predictive maintenance, We should use fuzzy expert system, which make the decision considering uncertainty possible by taking linguistical variable and fixed quantity by using the fuzzy theory concepts on the basis of an expert's direct observation and experience.

This paper presents the safety management model, which is appropriate for small-to-medium enterprises that rank the highest disaster rate. It is required for these companies to modify and improve the safety-related articles and it is peformed to compare and analyze the industrial disasters and safety management systems between large enterprises and small-to-medium enterprises. The basic direction of change of industrial safety healthy system must be classified to the dual direction. For large enterprises, it is focused on not pre-regulations but post-regulations based on the self-control safety management system. But for small-to-medium enterprises, it is required to intensify the safety management system and the safety responsibility for owners or administrators. Specially, the responsibility for disaster must be more strengthened by the penalty and the insurance method, and then it must be performed not only the financial support of government but also middle and long-term technical support by private safety organizations.

Human sensibility ergonomics is the technique that qualities man's sensibility, measures and evaluates it Quantitatively and makes man's life comfortable, safe and delightful by applying it to products or environmental projects. This study consider the sensibility factor of Sasang constitutional medicine, five elemental properties, and Biorhythm in terms of human sensibility ergonomics. And this study measure reaction-time dependent on a temperament or a state and evaluate the differences of reaction-times objectively with the comparison and analysis using the ANOVA. We can harness it for job design.

The government has done much investment and its efforts to prevent the accident in the construction industry owing to the high rate of accident and the dangerous factors, but it is not improved the level of safety activities as desired. On the contrast, after adopted quality management system and environment management system in the advanced countries, they are developing the safety management system consequently and achieving high efficiency in this field. Although Korea executed the KISCO 2000 program by Korea Industrial Safety Corporation since July 1, 1999, it was excepted to the construction industry. Therefore, it is urgent matter to be developed the safety management system being applied to the construction industry. In this study, it was developed the safety management system in the construction industry, and suggested its documentation and an executive method according to the construction safety works.

Presses are very widely used in industrial and commercial companies and are often the source of serious accidents occurring during operation. In Korea, the press holds the first place in the industrial hazard machines for frequency of accidents. Most of the press accidents are due to the human error. Continuous recordings of eye and hand movements that included operating errors of five experienced subjects were made during the press operation. The results showed that significant differences were observed on eye fixation time, hand fixation time, and lead departure time between the operations that has errors and no errors. The result could be used as basic data to establish a guideline for preventing the accidents.

The safety and health law, the basic regulation of occupational safety and health for industry, is overlappingly and unconsistently controled by many non-profit organization or / and government organization. Because of above reasons, it is hard to investigate and suggest consistently. This study is proposed to remove inefficient and overlapping regulation and suggest how to manage the safety and health regulation in private industry. Safety and Health is the most important managed area under business environment. The safety and health regulation or law for Korean private industry is compared with foreign country's.

One of the objectives of any task design is to provide a safe and helpful workplace for the employees. The safety and health module may include means for confronting the design with safety and health regulations and standards as well as tools for obstacles and collisions detection (such as error models and simulators), Virtual Reality is a leading edge technology which has only very recently become available on platforms and at prices accessible to the majority of simulation engineers. The design of an automated manufacturing system is a complicated, multidisciplinary task that requires involvement of several specialists. In this paper, a design procedure that facilitates the safety and ergonomic considerations of an automated manufacturing system are described. The procedure consists of the following major steps. Data collection and analysis of the data, creation of a three-dimensional simulation model of the work environment, simulation for safety analysis and risk assessment, development of safety solutions, selection of the preferred solutions, implementation of the selected solutions, reporting, and training. When improving the safety of an existing system the three-dimensional simulation model helps the designer to perceive the work from operators point of view objectively and safely without the exposure to hazards of the actual system.

In this paper, we suggested system reliability inequality used by failure rate distribution and developed new theorem-reliability function is increasing function. Also we calculated failure probability of coherent system used by variable transformation. Several examples are illustrated.

We propose a decision model to incorporates the values assigned by a group of experts on different factors in selecting robots. Using this model, SN ratio of taguchi method for each of subjective factors as well as values of weights are used in this comprehensive method for robot selection. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the model and to show a rank reversal when compared to a model that does not eliminate extreme values and eliminates the highest and lowest experts' values allocating the weights and the subjective factors.

QFD is a market driven design and development methodology for products and services to meet or exceed customer's needs and expectations, This method enables to specify clearly the customer's needs and then evaluate the product capability in terms of its impact on meeting those needs. Process of satisfying customers begins with effectively soliciting their different needs and wants which may be non-technical and imprecise in nature. Although the HoQ is a comprehensive tool for showing the relationships between attributes, it lacks the flexibility to deal with the inherent inexactness and vagueness in the voice of customer. In this paper, fuzzy theory is introduced to overcome this limitation. Qualitative customer requirements are interpreted quantitative data through fuzzy inference procedure, and then target value is determined.

An important problem in process adjustment using feedback is how often to sample the process and when to apply an adjustment. Schemes are designed to minimize the overall cost. The cost is taken the frequency with which they require observations to be made, and the resulting overall length of time between adjustments. In this article, the process adjustment which is based on the adaptive EWMA forecasts is derived. An example is presented to improve the standard variation through the analysis of data series.

There are several models for process quality assurance by quality system (ISO 9000), process capability analysis, acceptance control chart and so on. When a high level process capability has been achieved, it takes a long time to monitor the process shift, so it is sometimes necessary to develop a quicker monitoring system. To achieve a quicker quality assurance model for high-reliability process, this paper presents a model for process quality assurance when the fraction nonconforming is very small. We design an acceptance control chart based on variable quality characteristic and time-censored accelerated testing. The distribution of the characteristics is assumed to be normal or lognormal with a location parameter of the distribution that is a linear function of a stress. The design parameters are sample size, control limits and sample proportions allocated to low stress. These paramaters are obtained under minimization of the relative variance of the MLE of location parameter subject to APL and RPL constraints.

This paper discusses an optimal burn-in procedure to minimize total costs based on the assumption that the failure rate pattern follows a bimodal mixed Weibull distribution. The procedure will consider warranty period as a factor of the total expected bum-in cost. A cost model is formulated to find the optimal burn-in time that minimizes the expected burn-in cost. Conditional reliability for warranty period will be discussed. An illustrative example is included to show how to use the cost model in practice.

In this paper, a research on the structure and the network configuration of the location register(LR), which database of new locations and service informations of subscribers according to the movement of subscribers in personal communication system(PCS). since the traditional PCS manages all the databases with the location informations as a centralized type. The service informations of the subscribers are centrally controlled by the HLR. So there have been the heavy signal traffic and the call setup delay. In order to relieve such problem, the proposed types of the configurations are the distributed type of PCS scheme and the hierarchical PCS scheme. In the distributed scheme, each PCS has its own LR and in the hierarchical PCS scheme, several LR are grouped to from a layer so that overall structure is a tree style.

This paper applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) to analyzing the causes and countermeasures of the accidents by the dangerous machines. The AHP is the decision supporting tool considering several objectives and criteria, and synthesizing a number of decision makers' opinions to find the best alternative. It has the merit to be able to consider not only quantitative factors but also qualitative factors. Because this paper focuses the thoughts of the workers about the dangerous factors in working space including machines, work environment and tools, the AHP is the most suitable method for this study. This study using the AHP can be used as useful tool analyzing the important causes of the accidents by the dangerous machines and deciding the urgent countermeasures.

The half of njuries by carrying-unloading machinery was injuries due to crane. The purpose of this study was to analyze present condition of injuries by the crane, to investigate hazard management model, injury prevention technique, and to suggest safety countermeasures of crane working. The hazard management model is composed of 5 rules and 10 methods. The rules are to remove, separate, protect, make up and correspond. Prior to this crane countermeasures, general protection for head, foot and hand are needed. Hazard prevention affects on industrial management economically and psychologically. The preparation of safety countermeasures are very important for the prevention of industrial injuries, The countermeasures are setting-up of safety culture, active and rationale safety education. As the industrial safety and health system should be performed for the employees' health and life, the industrial competitive power and productivity would be improved.

Most of chemical plant are using toxic and dangerous materials, inflammable and poisonous. There are many accidental dangers by escaping of fire, explosive and poisonous materials in case of high temperature and pressure. The accidents lead to taking employer's and local people's life and environmental contamination. Therefore, 27 small-medium chemical plant, which size is 30 ∼ 200 employees out of safety management agent ill the area of A was selected in this study. The problems of safety management and several countermeasures at the chemical plants was indicated through the analyzed data. Prior to this analysis, top managers' concerns, equipment maintenance for the safety management are needed. For the future, calamity prevention countermeasures by industrial disaster analysis are needed and active safety management programs are investigated for the industrial disaster prevention and productivity enhancement at the chemical plant.

Mind mapping is an efficient thinking skill which utilizes the whole left-right brain. The several studies which examine the effects of the mind map activities on the school education attain the desirable enhancement of the students' schoolwork achievement ＆ learning attitude. We now propose the utilization of the mind map activities at the safety education in order to decrease the students' accidents in school and to enhance the awareness of safety.

Too many big accidents have been occurring in Korea during '90. Those were accidents of Sung-Soo Bridge in 1994 and Sam-Poong Department Store in 1995. It was confirmed that the causes of the accident were unreliable construction or building. Therefore, in this study are to use technique of virtual reality(VR) simulation in order to prevent construction accidents. To set up the VR in safety construction, Date Base of variables, VR model and expert system are needed. This system is to build expert system, to visualize of the VR system and navigation, and to find out design errors of construction. Therefore, the purpose of this was to analyze accident type of construction, and apply VR system for simulation technique.

The prevalent phenomenon in the high technology market shows market-determined do facto standard is preferred to de jure standard determined by formal organization. The purpose of the study is to provide a framework to empirically examine the relationship between network externalities and switching costs from the consumer's point of view Key findings of the study are ： First, physical compatibility and upgradability are positively related to the network externalities. Second, conceptual compatibility and expertise are negatively related to the switching costs. Third, the network externalities and the switching costs are positively related to the continuous usage decision. Finally, the network externalities are positively related to the switching costs. The followings are major implications of the study. First, network externalities and bandwagon effects have different causal relationship respectively. Second, contrast to Weiss and Heide's (1993) study, the study suggests multiple dimensions of compatibility, Third, physical compatibility and upgradability increase switching costs through network externalities as the moderator.

CAPM explains the rate of return for the risk asset by β, systematic risk. There are some assumption in CAPM. But CAPM can not explain the movement of stock price sufficiently due to limitation of the assumptions. Therefore many scholars study which variables with the exception of β effect on the rate of return of risk asset for supplementing this limitation by using PER, size of firm etc.. But it will be natural that PER, size of firm etc. to be determinant factors of β also effect on the abnormal rate of return, because PER, size of firm etc. used in their studies already effect on determination of β, . That is, the determinant factors of β effect on determination of abnormal rate of return according as β, effects on abnormal rate of return. Therefore, this study tests empirically how the determinant factors of β, effect on determination of β, ,and how β and the determinant factor of β effect on the abnormal rate of return in CAPM.

For hazardous air pollutants(HAP) such as NO and NO2 decomposition efficiency, power consumption, and applied voltage were investigated by SPCP(surface induced discharge plasma chemical processing) reactor to obtain optimum process variables and maximum decomposition efficiencies. Decomposition efficiency of HAP with various electric frequencies(5~50 kHz), flow rates(100~1,000 mL/min), initial concentrations(100~1,000 ppm), electrode materials(W, Cu, Al), electrode thickness(1, 2, 3 mm) and number of electrode windings(7, 9, 11) were measured. Experimental results showed that for the frequency of 10 kHz, the highest decomposition efficiency of 94.3 % for NO and 84.7 % for NO2 were observed at the power consumptions of 19.8 and 20W respectively and that decomposition efficiency decreased with increasing frequency above 20 kHz. Decomposition efficiency was increased with increasing residence times and with decreasing initial concentration of pollutants. Decomposition efficiency was increased with increasing thickness of discharge electrode and the highest decomposition efficiency was obtained for the electrode diameter of 3 mm in this experiment. As the electrode material, decomposition efficiency was in order : tungsten(W), copper(Cu), aluminum(Al).

In order to enhance the selectivity, productivity and yield of methyl fructoside, which was synthesized by enzymatic glycosylation of sucrose and methanol solution, controlling of surface property of solid support using different immobilization procedures optimized microenvironment of immobilized invertase. Silanization and polyethylene imine coating methods were adopted to give a hydrophobic and hydrophilic environment of immobilized invertase. As a result, polyethyleneimine coating method gave higher loading of enzyme, effective activity, and relative activity than silanization method, because it brought on increasing the functional density of amino group and enhancing the conservation of activity by regulating of hydrophilicity. And then, hydrophilic environment was possible to restraint the assessing of methyl fructoside molecule, which was more hydrophobic than sucrose, fructose, and glucose molecule in the reaction mixture, into .the active site of immobilizedinvertase. Consequently, hydrophilic microenvironment of immobilized invertase by polyethyleneimine coating obtained higher yield and productivity with increasing conversion than silanized and native invertase. Thus, this procedure optimized the microenvironment of immobilized invertase suitable for the enzymatic synthesis of methyl fructoside.