Earticle

The classical Korean films are being saved and restored than ever before for the appreciation of 100 years of history. The digitally archived films are now available on YouTube, the global online streaming platform. Then, the subtitles of these films are retranslated due to the fact that the screening media was changed and the original subtitles were removed or lost. The aim of this research is to establish whether any subtitling translation strategy can be detected in the way culture is retransmitted through the YouTube channel. Therefore, the study analyzes the subtitling translation strategies of culture specific terms implemented with factors unique to digital media as well as those for this particular genre of film focused on the ‘Insect Woman’, one of the classical Korean films produced in the 1970s and directed by Kim Ki-young. The development of subtitling norms would help achieve greater exposure and popularization of classical Korean films. Therefore, the purpose of subtitles should not merely be to help the understanding of the plot but rather to give an exploration through the authentic verbal depiction of foreign cultures.

The purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of using NMT in the translation of children’s literature and to discuss its implications. To this end, the study compared the human and machine translation results of the children’s literature work Anne of Green Gables to see if using NMT would have high translation productivity and accuracy because children’s literature, especially, had concise sentences and uncomplicated grammatical structure. In the part composed of some short sentences, machine translation was generally effective, but the results showed that there were parts that had to be refined through post-editing in order to further bring out the characteristics of children's literature. The findings fall short of presenting generalized patterns due to small data and limited analysis tools. Future research could look into more works and diversify genres and contribute to establishing more differentiated post-editing guidelines.

The text of an opera (libretto) is in most cases written in Italian, German or French. Up to the mid-20th century, it was enough for a translator to follow what the librettist said when translating one into another language. But around that time, it became necessary for the translator to take into account the world view of the stage director who took charge of the production of a specific performance, because the directors wanted to salvage the music by shaking off the outdated or criticized values like nationalism interwoven in the drama. The concept of this new approach is wrapped up in the German term ‘Regietheater.’ liberated the reader (namely, the director or a spectator of a performing artwork) from the author's text, thereby allowing freedom of shifting the time and place of a drama or replace the undesirable philosophy with a vision intended by the director. This opens the door for as many interpretations of the philosophy of the librettist as there are directors, giving birth to a multiple number of source texts based on one original text, the libretto. This paper looks into the possibility of multiple translations corresponding to these source texts.

With YouTube rapidly emerging as a significant media platform, foreign viewers can easily access Korean entertainment programs. Despite the growing importance of translating entertainment show subtitles on YouTube, there are gaps in research on this subject. This study aimed at categorizing subtitles used in Korean entertainment shows based on their functional features drawing upon related studies on subtitles and analyzing the differences in the translation strategies. Domestic broadcasters are providing translated videos of entertainment programs through their official YouTube channels. Among the entertainment broadcasting videos uploaded to the official YouTube channels of broadcasters such as KBS, SBS, and tvN, videos with English subtitles of less than 15 minutes were used for analysis. Subtitle types were classified into three: basic information delivery, producer’s opinion presentation, and performer’s utterance. Translated subtitles were performing their original functions in terms of delivering content. However, they still have limitations. Above all, there were cases where information was omitted due to spatial constraints. Also, since it was not possible to fit all subtitles on one screen shot, it was presented in two shots to speed up the conversion of subtitles in some cases. These eventually hinder the viewer's understanding of the content, so more efficient translation strategies need to be developed.

Translation studies and linguistics have often made beneficial contributions to each other, and each can potentially benefit from developments within the other (e.g., Fawcett, 1997; Gregory, 2001). Yet it has been a while since they seem to have drifted apart. No doubt this has been at least in part because of the diversity of collaborations translation studies has engaged in to deal with a plethora of translation issues. However, these interdisciplinary trends should not be at the expense of its existing "strong link" with linguistics (Munday, 2001, p.182). Linguistics has made continued progress and thus maintains a great capacity to enrich translation studies, and further, there are still many translation phenomena that can be explained only by linguistics (Fawcett, 1997, Forward). The purpose of this paper is to examine a linguistic theory, Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), with a view to highlighting the contribution it has made to translation studies. First, the paper looks briefly at the progress in translation studies over the past several decades. It will consider the debates that occurred between the approach that derives from cultural studies and the approach that draws on linguistics. Second, it reviews how linguistics has enriched translation studies since before the inception of translation studies as an independent academic discipline, and investigates the ways in which the recent developments in SFL (focussing on stratification) could further advance translation theories and practice.