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One of the common mistaken concepts regarding the techniques of artificial intelligence in these days is such that machine translation will soon replace human translation, and therefore the translation studies are of little use. This article argues that this concept is groundless and discusses the proper relationship between machine and human translation. It is undoubted that the state-of-the-art skills of machine translation provide outstanding performance. Yet, since the tasks of the two types of translations do not necessarily overlap with each other, it is not likely that the machines are capable of conducting all translation tasks. The machine translation are complementary to human translation in principle.

This paper aims to analyse a case of North Korean language version of a computer game ‘Papers, Please’ as well as a previous study on the case. The North Korean translation of ‘Papers, Please’ has several interesting aspects from the viewpoint of translation studies: it was translated by Korean game players voluntarily to protest government's strict game policy; the North Korean version was not for the sake of North Korean language users but for South Korean players; the North Korean version translated the game background into that of 1980s North Korea, by changing images, music and proper names. However, the previous study on the ‘Papers, Please’ case seems to stick to traditional assessment tools such as faithfulness and readability. The gap between the new translation phenomenon and the old academic approach calls us to rethink the concept of translation and mistranslation, the translation assessment method and so on.

The Translational Humanities, which is not only a domain of the humanities, but also a meta-humanities, aims to investigate, with the aid of diverse concepts of different disciplines, our very serious translation problems of the various domains of the humanities, focusing particularly on the translations of Classical and Literary Texts, “Oeuvres”(作品). Among many possible ways of investgating, the Inmun-Seon(人文禪) is opted, with Jungyong's ‘Hak-mun-sa-byeon-haeng’(學問思辯行), as the leading ‘methods’ of inquiry and practice. The Inmun-Seon is a very effective way of restoring the old tradition of “Spiritual Exercises” of Western and Eastern Ancient Philosophies, in which Philosophy is inseparable from way of life, and Praxis is more important than Theoria. The figures of Sage and Saint were an ideal to reach in each Philosophy. All research of the Translational Humanities must be ceaseless earnest practices of Inmun-Seon, comprising Hakmun-Seon(學問禪), Hwajaeng-Seon(和諍禪), Translation-Seon(飜譯禪), etc., in which Spirituality co-works harmoniously with Reason and Emotion. The Inmun-Seon can be defined roughly as “Immersion and Immersion-Thinking about humanities or humanities research, as Jungyong‘s ‘Hakmun- sa-byeon-haeng’, accompanied by meta-cognitive Six Paramitas check or analysis”. These two parts must co-work, in every case, to make wiser and more reasonable choices or decisions. The Immersion-Thinking is possible only if our Ego is connected with the True-Self by Immersion (Meditation), generally more than 51%. The main task of the Inmun-Seon is to solve the humanistic problems, intending ‘the Perfecting of Self for Perfecting Others’(自利利他), based firmly on the True-Self. We have to always keep in mind that it’s the core of the practice of Inmun-Seon to pursue ceaselessly and earnestly the insightful “Way of Jungyong(中庸)”. It’s our hope that the Inmun-Seon could be a new way to do research in Korean Humanities Studies.

In 2007, I examined some tools that could potentially prove useful in translator training. This article stated that in today's society, in which dizzying technological advances are taking place, new technologies have become essential tools and their mastery is a sine qua non for accessing many jobs. Therefore, despite the challenges they might pose, these tools are now requirements for teaching any subject. Translator training is no exception. Time has passed and, at the same time, experience has grown along with advances in the field of new technologies. Many tools which aim to help translators fulfill their tasks have been improved and expanded, such as the different translation memory suites or the corpus management programs. The purpose of this article is to broaden the debate on whether technology supports translator training and what its advantages and limits are, providing examples of the use of new technologies in translator training. It is not exhaustive, but it aims to highlight the diversity of possible applications through a pedagogical approach.