Earticle

피부상태는 미용적인 측면에서 중요한 관심사이다. 본 연구는 뷰티산업종사자들이 육안관찰 또는 스마트 폰 등으로 촬영된 피부상태 이미지를 통하여 할 수 있는 개략적 피부상태 분석방법에 대하여 고찰하였다. 학술연 구정보서비스(RISS)에서 ‘피부상태’와 관련된 키워드로 검색되는 학위논문과 학술논문 중 주관적 평가와 객관적 평가를 병행한 논문, 육안확인이 가능한 요인들과의 상관관계를 도출한 논문을 선별하였고, 주관적인 피부상태와 객관적 피부측정결과가 일치하는 요인과 피부표면에서 육안확인이 가능한 요인과의 관계를 조사하였다. 연구결 과, 주관적·객관적 평가가 일치하는 가장 적합한 요인은 ‘유분량’이었고, 이는 피부표면에서 육안확인이 가능한 ‘모공’, ‘피부결’, ‘홍반’과 유의미한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 이용하여 개략적인 피부상태 분석이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Skin condition is an important concern in beauty aspect. This study considered a rough skin condition analysis method that beauty industry workers can do through visual observation or skin condition images taken with smartphones. First, studies that combine subjective and objective evaluations were selected among degree papers and academic papers searched by keywords related to ‘skin condition’ in the Research Information Sharing Service(RISS). Among them, papers that derive correlations with visually verifiable factors were selected. Next, the relationship between factors that match subjective skin condition and objective skin measurement results and factors that can be visually identified on the skin surface was investigated. According to the study, the most suitable factor for matching subjective and objective evaluations was ‘oil volume’, which is significantly related to ‘pore’, ‘skin texture’ and ‘erythema’, which can be visually checked on the skin surface. It is believed that a rough skin condition analysis will be possible using this.

본 연구는 얼굴 매뉴얼테크닉 적용에 따른 얼굴 형태 변화를 F-ray 진단기를 활용하여 정량적으로 분석 하고, 이에 따른 주관적 만족도의 변화를 확인하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구대상자는 40–50대 성인 여성 10명으로, 주 1회씩 총 8주간 표준화된 수기 얼굴 근육마사지 중재를 적용하였다. 얼굴 형태 변화는 F-ray 시스템을 이용하 여 이마, 눈꼬리, 볼, 입꼬리, 턱 부위를 중심으로 중재 전·중·후에 측정하였으며, 반복측정 분산분석을 실시하였다. 주관적 만족도는 선행연구를 바탕으로 구성한 설문지를 활용하여 중재 전·후를 비교하였다. 연구 결과, F-ray 분 석에서 모든 측정부위에서 시기에 따른 유의미한 형태 변화가 나타났으며(p<.001), 중재 회차가 진행될수록 측정 값이 점진적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 주관적 만족도 또한 전반적인 피부상태와 하위 영역 모두에서 중재 전 대비 중재 후 유의미하게 향상되었다(p<.001). 이상의 결과를 통해 얼굴 매뉴얼테크닉은 안면 형태 변화와 주관적 만족도 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 중재 방법임을 확인하였으며, F-ray 기반 분석은 안면 형태 변화를 객관 적으로 평가하는 유용한 도구로 활용 가능함을 시사한다.

This study aimed to quantitatively analyze changes in facial morphology following the application of a manual facial technique using the F-ray system, and to examine corresponding changes in subjective satisfaction. The participants were ten women in their 40s and 50s, who received a standardized manual facial muscle massage once a week for eight weeks. Facial morphological changes were assessed using the F-ray system at the forehead, lateral canthus, cheek, mouth corner, and chin regions before, during, and after the intervention, and were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Subjective satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire based on previous research and compared before and after the intervention. The results showed statistically significant morphological changes over time in all measured facial regions (p<.001), with a gradual decrease in measurement values as the intervention progressed. Subjective satisfaction also showed significant improvement after the intervention across overall skin condition and all subdomains (p<.001). These findings suggest that the manual facial technique has a positive effect on facial morphological changes and subjective satisfaction. Furthermore, F-ray–based analysis may serve as a useful objective tool for evaluating facial morphology changes in aesthetic and cosmetic practice.

This study attempted to evaluate the effects of micro-current beauty devices by comparing changes in facial size and skin conditions after using these devices and manual techniques. The participants were adult women aged 20 to 50, with 8 in the experimental group (using the micro-current device) and 8 in the control group (using manual techniques). Treatments took place twice a week for 30 minutes over two weeks, totaling four sessions. Facial size (divided into four sections) and skin conditions (hydration, elasticity, roughness, pore size, and pigmentation) were measured before the treatments and 2 and 4 weeks afterward. Additionally, participants’ satisfaction levels were assessed after each session. The results indicated that the group using micro-current beauty devices experienced a greater reduction in facial size measurements, particularly in the distances from the corners of the mouth to the ear and from the chin to the ear. In terms of skin condition, both groups showed increased hydration after four sessions. However, the micro-current group demonstrated a significant improvement in elasticity and a noticeable decrease in roughness. The satisfaction survey results revealed that the experimental group using micro-current devices reported significantly higher satisfaction than the control group in all areas, including reductions in facial size, improvements in skin elasticity, decreases in roughness, perceived intensity of the technique, overall satisfaction, effectiveness of facial improvement, and willingness to continue treatments. Thus, skincare treatments using micro-current devices are effective for reducing facial size and enhancing elasticity and smoothness. Consequently, it is anticipated that skincare programs and marketing focused on micro-current beauty devices will be effectively tailored to individuals seeking to reduce facial size and improve skin conditions.

本研究是一项实验性研究, 通过对使用微电流美容仪的管理和手动技术管理后, 比较分析面部 尺寸和皮肤状态的变化, 探讨微电流美容仪使用与否所带来的效果差异, 本研究的对象为20岁 至50岁的成年女性, 分为实验组(微电流美容仪组) 8人和对照组(普通手动技术组) 8人. 每组 每周2次, 每次30分钟, 持续2周, 共进行4次. 研究在管理前, 2周后及4周后, 分别对面部尺寸 (划分为4个区域) 和皮肤状态(水分, 弹性, 粗糙度, 毛孔, 色素) 进行了测量, 并调查了管理后 的主观满意度, 研究结果显示, 微电流美容仪组的嘴角至耳轮, 下巴尖至耳轮的面部尺寸减少 幅度更大. 在皮肤状态的变化上, 两组在经过4次管理后, 水分均有所增加 但微电流美容仪组 的弹性显著提高, 而粗糙度显著降低. 管理后的主观满意度调查结果表明, 微电流美容仪组在 面部尺寸减少, 皮肤弹性改善, 皮肤粗糙度改善, 技术强度, 总体满意度, 面部改善效果及未来 接受管理意愿等所有指标上, 与对照组相比均表现出显著更高的满意度􀕶因此, 利用微电流美 容仪进行的皮肤管理在面颊和下颌线部位的面部尺寸缩小以及弹性和粗糙度改善方面具有显 著效果, 可针对需要面部尺寸减少及皮肤状态改善的客户, 广泛应用于微电流美容仪管理项目 和营销活动中.

Skin is an emerging target tissue in pharmaceutical and cosmetic science. Safety assessment for dermal toxicity is a critical step for development of topically applicable pharmaceutical agents and ingredients in cosmetics. Urgent needs exist to set up toxicity testing methods for dermal safety, and identification of novel biomarkers for pathological cutaneous alteration is highly required. Here we will discuss if vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has a potential as a biomarker for dermal impairment. Experimental and clinical evidences for induction of keratinocytic VEGF under pathological conditions will be reviewed.

목적: 여대생들이 주관적으로 인식하는 피부 상태 및 타입에 따라 선호하는 뷰티테라피를 조사하고, 여대생들이 자신의 피부 상태 와 타입을 어떻게 평가하는지를 분석하여 다양한 피부 타입에 맞는 최적의 뷰티테라피를 제안하고자 한다. 방법: 뷰티테라피와 자 신의 피부 상태 및 타입을 정확히 인지할 수 있는 미용 전공 학생 중, 뷰티테라피 관련 수업을 4학기 이상 수강한 자로 선정하였으 며 158부를 최종 통계 분석 자료로 이용하였다. 결과: 본인이 주관적으로 느끼는 피부상태 및 타입으로 복합성 피부가 많았으며, T-Zone과 양 볼의 유분 상태에 차이가 크며 볼 면의 유분과 수분의 부족으로 인해 민감하다고 느꼈다. 주관적 피부상태 별 타입과 뷰티테라피 선호도 차이에서 복합성에서 마사지테라피를, 지성에서 팡고테라피를, 건성 피부로 자각하는 경우에 초코렛테라피가 높게 나타났다. 주관적 피부상태 별 타입과 뷰티테라피 만족도 차이에서 지성의 경우 얼굴이 깨끗해지고 피부가 촉촉해지며 피부속이 쫀쫀해진 느낌에 만족한다고 하였고, 지성과 민감성 피부의 경우 뷰티관리 시향에 대해 만족감이 높게 나타났다. 결론: 이러 한 피부 상태 특성을 반영한 뷰티테라피 프로그램으로 마사지테라피와 함께 아로마테라피와 초코렛테라피를 병행하여 수·유분발 란스를 높이는 것이 적합한 것으로 여겨진다.

Purpose: We investigated the beauty therapies preferred by female college students based on their subjectively perceived skin condition and type, as well as how female college students evaluate their skin condition and type to provide optimal beauty for different skin types. Methods: Beauty students who could correctly identify beauty therapy and their own skin condition and type were chosen from those who had taken beauty therapy-related classes for more than 4 semesters, and 158 copies were used as final statistical analysis data. Results: According to the individual’s subjective skin condition and type, most female college students believe that they had combination skin with a significant difference in the oil levels between the T-zone and both cheeks, and they felt sensitive due to the lack of oil and moisture in the cheek area. In terms of subjective skin condition type and beauty therapy preference differences, massage therapy was strongly recommended for those with combination skin, Pango therapy for those with oily skin, and chocolate therapy for those who considered themselves to have dry skin. In terms of subjective skin condition type and beauty therapy satisfaction differences, those with oily skin reported being satisfied with the feeling that their face was clean, their skin was moisturized, and their skin felt tight, whereas those with oily and sensitive skin were extremely satisfied with the scent during beauty treatment. Conclusion: As a beauty therapy program reflecting these characteristics, it is deemed appropriate to improve the lactation balance by combining aromatherapy, chocolate therapy, and massage therapy.

目的: 根据女大学生主观感知的皮肤状况和类型调查了她们偏好的美容疗法，以及女大学生如何评估自己的皮肤 状况和类型，以针对不同皮肤类型提供最佳的美容。方法: 从参加美容治疗相关课程4个学期以上的学员中，选 出能够正确识别美容治疗以及自身皮肤状况和类型的美容学生，共158份作为最终的统计分析数据。结果: 根据 个人的主观皮肤状况和类型，大多数认为是混合性皮肤，且T区和双颊之间的油脂含量存在显着差异，并且由于 脸颊区域缺乏油脂和水分而感觉敏感。从主观皮肤状况类型和美容治疗偏好差异来看，混合性皮肤强烈推荐按 摩疗法，油性皮肤推荐Pango疗法，干性皮肤推荐巧克力疗法。在主观皮肤状况类型和美容治疗满意度差异方 面，油性皮肤的人表示对面部清洁、皮肤滋润、皮肤紧致的感觉感到满意，而油性和敏感皮肤的人则非常满意 美容时带有香味。结论: 作为反映这些皮肤状况特征的美容治疗方案，将芳香疗法和巧克力疗法与按摩疗法相结 合以增加水油平衡被认为是合适的。

목적: 본 연구에서는 물리적 박피기법인 스피큘이 포함된 제품과 화학적 박피기법인 글리콜릭산 40% (pH3)를 이용하여 여드름 피부의 모공과 피부상태의 변화를 비교 연구하여 피부장벽 손상을 최소화할 수 있는 안전하고 효과적인 필링관리 방법에 대한 기준을제시하고자 한다. 방법: 여드름 피부로 고민하고 있는 20–30대 여성 15명을 대상으로 물리적 박피인 스피큘 관리와 화학적 박피인글리콜릭산 관리를 실험군으로 설계하였다. 실험은 4주 동안 2주에 1회 총 2번의 필링관리를 진행하였다. 실험 전과 후에 눈에 띄는 모공수, 크게 열린 모공수, 블랙헤드 모공수, 경피수분손실량(transepidermal water loss, TEWL), 피부톤을 측정하였다. 결과: 눈에 띄는 모공수와 크게 열린 모공수에서 두 실험군 모두 감소하였고, 스피큘 그룹에서 더 큰 감소 효과를 보였으나 모두 유의미한차이는 아니였다. 블랙헤드 모공수에서도 두 그룹 모두 감소하는 효과를 보였으나, 스피큘 그룹만 유의미하게 감소하였다. 경피수분손실량의 변화는 스피큘 그룹에서 유의미하게 감소하였고, 글리콜릭산 그룹에서 감소는 하였으나 유의미하지는 않았다. 피부톤변화는 스피큘 그룹에서 피부밝기(L*), 홍반상태(a*), 피부병변(b*) 모두 유의미하게 효과가 개선되었고, 글리콜릭산 그룹에서는 L*, a*, b* 모두 효과가 개선되었으나, 피부밝기(L*)에서만 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 결론: 이상의 실험을 통해 스피큘이 포함된 물리적박피 제품은 여드름 피부의 문제점 개선 효과가 우수하고, 피부장벽 손상을 최소화한 필링 제품임을 검증하였다. 따라서 모공이 넓고, 홍반과 여드름 자국이 있는 색소침착 피부의 문제점을 해결하면서도 피부장벽 손상을 최소화 할 수 있는 화장품 소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of spicule as a physical peeling technique and glycolic acid (40%, pH 3) as a chemical peeling technique for ameliorating acne-induced skin problems and reducing damage to the skin barrier. This study also intended to recommend the criteria for the safe and effiient use of these peeling care techniques. Methods: The study included 15 women in their 20s and 30s with acne problems. Physical peeling using spicule and chemical peeling using glycolic acid were performed in each experimental group. A peeling care test was performed twice in 4 weeks (once every 2 weeks). The number of pores (visible pores, large pores, and blackheads), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin color were measured before and after the test. Results: In both experimental groups, a significant reduction in the number of visible and large pores was observed. Although the spicule group exhibited a higher reduction, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. The number of blackheads decreased in both groups; however, only the spicule group exhibited a significant reduction. Further, both groups exhibited reduced TEWL, but the reduction was significant only in the spicule group. Moreover, the spicule group exhibited significantly improved skin brightness (L*), erythema status (a *), and skin lesion status (b*). Although the glycolic acid group showed improvement in all parameters of the skin color (L*a*b*), signifiant improvement was observed only in skin brightness (L*). Conclusion: The results indicated that physical peeling using spicule was effective at improving skin problems and minimizing damage to the skin barrier. Therefore, the present study strongly recommends that spicule is a valuable functional cosmetic product that is effective in reducing damage, such as large pores, acne red spots, and pigmentation, to the skin barrier and in enhancing the repair of the damaged skin barrier.

目的: 使用两种剥皮技术即利用spicule的物理剥离技术和利用乙醇酸（40％，pH 3）的化学剥离技术，对两种剥皮技术比 较研究痤疮皮肤的毛孔和皮肤状态变化，为减少皮肤屏障损伤的安全和有效的剥离护理技术提供标准。 方法: 这项研究对 具有痤疮问题的20-30岁女性15名进行spicule物理剥离技术和乙醇酸化学剥离。剥离护理测试在4周内进行两次（每2周一 次）。在测试之前和之后测量可见毛孔、粗大毛孔和黑头的数量，经皮水分散失（transepidermal water loss, TEWL）和 肤色。 结果: 在两个实验组中，观察到可见毛孔和粗大毛孔的数量减少。虽然spicule的物理剥离组的降低幅度比较大，但 两组间差异无统计意义。两组黑头的数量都减少了；然而，只有spicule物理剥离组显示出明显降低。此外，两组均显示 TEWL降低，但仅在spicule物理剥离组的降低具有统计学意义。在肤色变化方面，spicule物理剥离组在皮肤亮度（L*）， 红斑状态（a*）和皮肤损伤状态（b*）等方面都显示出具有统计学意义的明显改善；尽管乙醇酸组在皮肤颜色的所有参 数（L*、a*、b*）中均表现出改善，但仅在皮肤亮度（L*）中观察到具有统计学意义的显著改善。 结论: 结果表明，使用 spicule物理剥离在改善皮肤问题和减少对皮肤屏障的损伤方面是有效的。因此，spicule的物理剥离产品有效解决大毛 孔，痤疮红斑和色素沉着等皮肤问题，并最低减少皮肤屏障损伤，作为有价值的功能性化妆品充分具有可行性。

본 연구의 목적은 명월초 추출물이 함유된 크림이 피부에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 임상 연구를 통 해 임상정보와 양적자료에 도움이 되고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 명월초 추출물을 함유한 화장품이 20~50대 피부의 유분 함유량, 수분 함유량, 경표피수분 함유량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 이를 위해 총 25명의 20~50대 성인 여 성을 대상으로 실험을 진행하였다. 명월초 추출물을 함유한 크림와 명월초 추출물을 제외한 동일한 성분을 함유한 크림을 2주 이상 적용하였으며, 얼굴의 오른쪽과 왼쪽을 각 실험군과 대조군을 구분하였다. 일련의 연구절차를 통 하여 도출된 측정결과, 대조군 보다 실험군이 대상자가 유분 함유량, 수분 함유량, 경피 수분 손실량이 개선되었다 는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 명월초 추출물의 기초 화장품 개발 및 천연물과 연계된 마케팅 등 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cream containing Gynura Procumbens extract on the skin through clinical research to provide clinical information and quantitative data. In this study, we investigated the effects of cosmetics containing Gynura Procumbens extract on the oil content, moisture content, and transepidermal moisture content of the skin of women in their 20s to 50s. For this purpose, we conducted an experiment on a total of 25 adult women in their 20s to 50s. Cream containing Gynura Procumbens extract and cream containing the same ingredients except for Gynura Procumbens extract were applied for more than 2 weeks, and the right and left sides of the face were divided into the experimental group and the control group. Through a series of research procedures, the measurement results showed that the oil content, moisture content, and transepidermal moisture loss of the subjects in the experimental group were improved compared to the control group. Therefore, it is thought that it can be used as basic data for the development of basic cosmetics using Gynura Procumbens extract and marketing linked to natural products.

목적: 목 부위에 뇌 림프시스템 원리를 반영한 뱀부 림프드레나지와 닥터보더식 수기 림프드레나지를 실시하여 안면부종 및 안면피 부상태의 변화를 비교 분석함으로써 그 효과를 검증하여 뱀부 림프드레나지 활용에 대한 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 방법: 대구 지역의 20대 여대생을 선발하여 연구 참여 동의자 20명을 대상으로 실험군은 뱀부를 사용하여 목 부위 림프드레나지를 30분간 실 시하였고 대조군도 같은 방법으로 수기 림프드레나지를 하였으며 주 2회, 3주간 총 6회 실시하였다. 결과: 첫째, 뱀부 림프드레나 지와 수기 림프드레나지에 따른 안면 부종상태 변화를 파악한 결과 3회, 6회 관리 후 턱각도는 유의하게 증가하였고, 턱둘레, 목둘 레는 유의하게 감소하였다. 둘째, 뱀부 림프드레나지와 수기 림프드레나지에 따른 안면 피부상태 변화를 파악한 결과 안면주름, 표 피층 색소, 피부 톤은 3회 관리 후 현저히 낮아졌고 6회 관리 후에도 점진적으로 낮아져 시기별 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 셋째, 뱀부 림프드레나지와 수기 림프드레나지의 관리 전•후의 변화에서 두 집단 모두 안면부종 및 안면피부상태가 집단 간의 차이는 통계적으 로 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 관리 후 대상자들의 주관적 만족도가 조사 결과 전반적인 만족도가 매우 높게 나타났다. 결론: 목 부위 뱀부 림프드레나지는 피부상태 개선에 효과를 얻을 수 있다는 근거를 제시하였다. 관리사의 기술과 경력에 따른 차이와 신 체적 피로도를 줄일수 있는 방안으로 뱀부 림프드레나지를 제안해 볼 수 있다.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to perform bamboo lymph drainage, reflected with the principles of a brain lymph system, and the doctor border type lymph drainage on the neck area and to compare the effects of each on facial edema and skin condition. Methods: Female undergraduate students in the 20s were recruited in Daegu; from these 20 were selected. The experimental group subjects underwent lymph drainage using bamboo on the neck area for 30 minutes while the control group underwent hand lymph drainage in the same manner twice a week for 3 weeks. Results: First, as a result of the changes in facial edema status according to the BLD and MLD, the jaw angle increased significantly after 3 times and after 6 times, and the circumference of the jaw and neck were significantly decreased. Second, an understanding of the changes in the facial skin condition according to the BLD and MLD enabled considerable reduction in facial wrinkles, epidermal pigmentation, and skin tone after 3 treatment sessions than that before the treatments and gradually decreased after 6 treatment sessions. Third, the changes in facial edema and skin condition as per the BLD and MLD were not different between the two groups. Fourth, the subjective evaluation of the subjects showed that the satisfaction of the management subjects was very high. Conclusion: The bamboo lymph drainage could be a solution for reducing the physical fatigue of a therapist while effectively managing the variance among therapists, depending on individual’s skill and experience.

目的: 根据脑淋巴系统的原理进行竹淋巴引流，并在颈部区域进行医生边界型淋巴引流，并比较每种方法对面部 浮肿和皮肤状况的影响。方法: 在大邱招收20多岁的女大学生；从这20个中选择。实验组受试者在颈部颈部用竹 子进行了30分钟的淋巴引流，而对照组则以相同的方式每周两次进行了3周的手淋巴引流。结果: 首先，由于根 据BLD和MLD改变的面部水肿状态，3次和6次后下颌角明显增加，下颌和颈部的周长明显减少。其次，了解根 据BLD和MLD引起的面部皮肤状况的变化后，与治疗前相比，治疗3次后面部皱纹，表皮色素沉着和肤色明显减 少，而治疗6次后逐渐减少。第三，两组的BLD和MLD所显示的面部水肿和皮肤状况变化无差异。第四，对受试 者的主观评价表明，管理受试者的满意度很高。结论: 竹淋巴引流术可以减轻治疗师的身体疲劳，同时有效地管 理治疗师之间的差异，这取决于个人的技能和经验。

본 연구에서는 60대 여성들을 대상으로 시트 마스크의 사용빈도에 따른 피부상태 변화를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 2020년 5월 1일부터 2020년 6월 3일까지 5주간 실험을 진행하였으며, 연구의 목적을 이해하고 실험에 대한 서면동의를 받은 60대 여성 70명을 선정하였다. 본 연구의 실증분석은 모두 유의수준 5%에서 검증하였으며, 통계처리는 SPSS WIN 21.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 수분 증가와 거칠기 감소, 유분 증가 및 색소의 감소가 시트 마스크를 주 7회 적용한 그룹에서 효과가 있는 것으로 나타나 피부에 자극을 주지 않는 범위 내에서 시트 마스크의 사용빈도가 높을수록 피부상태에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 피부 유형별 체계적인 측정과 개선을 시도하는 노력의 효과를 증대시키는데 기여할 것이며, 피부상태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위해 식습관이나 생활습관 영향, 유전적 영향, 생활환경 등을 살펴보고 요인별 비교가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

This study aimed to comparatively analyze changes in skin conditions according to the frequency of sheet mask use among women in their 60s. An experiment was performed for 5 weeks from May 1 to June 3, 2020. A total of 70 women in their 60s, who understood the purposes of this study and agreed to the experiment were selected. All empirical analyses were conducted at a significance level of 5%, and the SPSS WIN 21 program was used to perform statistical analysis. Increased moisture content, decreased coarseness, changes in sebum levels, and decreased pigmentation, were significant effects of sheet mask use for 7days per week. As long as the sheet mask did not irritate the skin, had a positive effects on the skin the more often it was used. These results can help in enhancing the effectiveness of systematic measurement and improvement of skin type. To determine factors affecting skin conditions, it is necessary to investigate and compare factors such as effects of dietary or living habits, genetic influence, and living environments.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of essential oil on oxidative stress, immunity, and skin condition in atopic dermatitis (AD) induced mice. Methods: This study was a $3{\times}3$ factorial design. Factors were oil type (Lavender, Thyme, and 2:1 mixture of lavender and thyme oil [blending oil]) and treatment period (0 day, 7 days, and 21 days). The samples were 45 mice with AD and randomly assigned to nine groups of five mice per group. The dependent variables such as superoxide radical, IgE, degranulated mast cells, and epidermal thickness were measured. Data were collected from February to April in 2014. Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, Two-way ANOVA, and Tukey's HSD test were performed using the SPSS WIN 20.0 program. Results: Dependent variables were not statistically significantly different by the three oil types (p >.05). Essential oils such as lavender, thyme, and blending oil were all effective in reducing AD symptoms and especially 2:1 blending oil were most effective. There were statistically significant differences by the three treatment periods in all dependent variables (p <.001). There were statistically significant interactions between oil types and treatment periods in all dependent variables (p <.01). For decreasing superoxide radical, degranulated mast cells, and epidermal thickness, 2:1 mixed oil should be applied for at least 21 days. Otherwise to reduce IgE, 2:1 mixed oil should be used for at least 7 days. Conclusion: These findings provide bases for developing effective interventions for AD patients to manage their AD symptoms.

Purpose : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of a prolonged a $30^{\circ}$ side-lying position on comfort and skin condition by applying the trunk maintenance repositioning method, which can keep the $30^{\circ}$ side-lying position effective for preventing pressure ulcers. Method : Fifty-four healthy nurses working at a general hospital in Seoul were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=27) or a control group (n=27) and assumed a position of lying on their right or left side for two hours. The trunk maintenance repositioning method was applied to the experimental group using the pillow made by the researcher, while the original repositioning method was applied to the control group using the regular pillow from the subject hospital. Participants' posture angles, comfort, and skin condition were measured at the time of the intervention, as well as at one and two hours after the intervention. Results : There was no statistically significant difference in position angle, comfort, skin condition change, or sacrum and greater trochanter pressure change between the two groups over time. Conclusion : It is necessary to review the method and frequency of change of position in each hospital. In addition, a proper position changing pillow should be developed in consideration of patients' various body shapes.

본 연구에서는 비교적 가격이 저렴하고 부작용이 없으면서 효능이 우수한 피부 노화 억제 제품을 개발하고자 먼저 다양한 종류의 약용식물을 대상으로 각종 유기용매 추출물을 제조한 후 이들의 elastase 저해 활성을 측정하여 우수 식물을 선발하고 이들로 부터 elastase 저해제 추출 최적조건을 검토하였다. 64종의 약용식물에 대한 다양한 추출물 가운데 복분자 메탄올 추출물의 elastase 저해 활성이 85%로 가장 높았고 이 저해물질은 메탄올로 50℃에서 12시간 진탕 시켰을 때 가장 많이 추출 되었다.

This study is about university students opinion of facial skin and skin care. To investigate the satisfaction and awareness of skin, a questionnaire were carried out about university male and female students different skin problem, use of cosmetics, and interest in skin. The purpose of this study is to carry out proper skin care to solve skin problems and to develop a skin care program and an educational base material. For the questionnaire 400 university students in Daegu participated from September 1th to September 30th 2010. The questionnaire were composed of general characteristics (7questions), skin awareness (6questions), skin care method (6questions), experience of skin care and intention (3questions), skin condition (12questions). For the analysis were used SPSS statistics(Version 17.0) program to examine general characteristics and related question frequency analysis and for the questions significance test were used cross tabulation. Also to find the whole value of each question points were given as yes(3points), usual(2points), no(1point), and the average and standard deviation were calculated, and to find the significance T-test and Anova analysis were conducted. And the reliability of skin, skin care method, experience of skin care were conducted with Cronbach Alpha reliability analysis that showed a reliability of 0.796.

The purpose of this study is to clearly clarify the relationship between narcissism and skin care behaviors, and to provide important basic information that enables us to have a correct narcissistic orientation in the psychological aspect of skin care behaviors of modern people. As a research method to achieve the purpose of this study, the influence relationship was examined with the structural equation model between the narcissistic tendency and the skin care behavior variable as a mediating variable of skin condition perception. As a result of this study, it was found that the mediating effect of skin care perception appeared in the relationship, as well as the relationship between internal and external narcissistic factors and mediators, and skin health care attitudes, knowledge, and education among the narcissistic factors. The conclusions examined through the above research results could be judged that the intrinsic and external self-love tendency acts as an active incentive for skin care behavior (skin health care attitude, knowledge, education). In addition, it is judged to take more active skin care actions when skin care awareness is increased. As an implication for this, the implications for implementing skin care behaviors and the incongruity of internal/external narcissism tend to be discovered early and preventive management by approaching skin care attitude, knowledge, and education appropriately and in a balanced manner. It presented the need to do. Finally, suggestions for future tasks were presented.

本研究的目的是明确自爱倾向和皮肤管理行为之间的影响关系，从而从现代人的皮肤管理行为心理学层面 提供形成正确自爱倾向的基础信息。为达成这一研究目，以认识皮肤状态为媒介变量，构建自爱倾向和皮肤 管理行动变量之间的结构方程式模型，考察了两者之间的影响关系。研究结果显示，不仅自爱倾向因素中内 显性·外显性自爱因素和媒介变量以及皮肤健康管理态度、知识、教育之间的关系，而且在这一关系中认识皮 肤状态呈现出媒介效应。通过研究，可以得出的结论是内显性·外显性自爱倾向对皮肤管理行为（肤健康管理 态度、知识、教育）产生积极的诱导作用。与此同时，随着皮肤管理意识的增强，皮肤管理行为变得更为积 极。鉴于这样的研究结果，有必要平衡皮肤健康管理态度、知识、教育等皮肤管理行为，及时发现皮肤管理 行为和内显性·外显性自爱倾向不协调问题。最后，对今后的研究课题提出一些建议。

기술의 발달은 영상처리 기법과 컴퓨터 비전 분야의 엄청난 발전을 이루었고, 디지털 영상처리 기술은 다양한 응용 분야에서 가파른 속도의 진보를 보이고 있다. 한편, 홍반, 비듬, 가려움증 등 두피와 관련한 질환의 경우, 이를 조기에 발견하고 관리하는 것이 탈모, 만성 두피염, 피부암 등 다양한 질병의 예방에 도움이 되므로, 빠르고 손쉽게 두피의 상태를 판단하고 조치하는 시스템에 대한 요구가 크게 늘고 있다. 이에, 최신 딥러닝 기법 을 활용하여 빠르고 손쉽게 자신의 두피 상태를 판단하고 선별할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안하는 알고 리즘은 기존의 연구들보다 정확하며, 사전 문진이나 진단 또는 두피의 위치에 상관없이 손쉽게 두피의 상태를 파 악할 수 있다. 제안하는 알고리즘을 구현하고 실험한 결과, 약 95%의 정확도를 나타냈으며, 전통적인 방법을 기반 으로 한 기존의 연구보다 최대 약 6%의 정확도가 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Development of technology has led to tremendous advances in image processing and computer vision technology, and digital image processing technology is rapidly developing in many areas. Besides, in the case of scalp-related diseases such as erythema, dandruff, and itching, early detection and management of these help to prevent various severe diseases such as hair loss, chronic scalp inflammation, and skin cancer, so it is possible to quickly and easily diagnose the condition of the scalp and take action. Therefore, a novel algorithm is proposed that can quickly and easily diagnose the scalp condition, using the latest deep learning technology. The proposed algorithm is more accurate than existing ones, and it can easily identify the condition of the scalp regardless of the prior questionnaire or the location of the scalp. As a result of implementing and testing the proposed algorithm, accuracy of about 95% is obtained which lead to the increase of accuracy by up to about 6% compared to the existing algorithms.

본 연구는 스크럽 화장품을 사용하여 피부상태의 변화를 피부분석장비로 분석하고 마이크로비드의 형태적 특징을 더마스코프와 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 더마스코프 관찰에서 클렌징을 하는 과정 중의 얼굴피부에 붙어있는 마이 크로비드는 서로 밀착되어 존재하고 있거나 분산되어 있었다. 클렌징 한 피부는 깨끗하고 매끄럽게 관찰되었으며 표피 각 질세포들 사이의 미세한 주름이 줄어든 것을 확인하였다. 주사전자현미경 관찰에서 구슬모양의 마이크로비드 표면은 심한 굴곡이나 거친 표면을 가지고 있지 않았다. 스크럽을 하기 전과 후의 유분, 수분, pH의 변화를 비교분석한 결과 스크럽을 하기전의 피부가 스크럽 후의 피부보다 수분과 유분의 함량이 높게 나타났고 pH의 변화는 큰 차이가 없었다.

In this study, the change of skin condition was analyzed by skin analysis equipment using scrub cosmetics, and the morphological characteristics of microbead were observed by dermascope and scanning electron microscope. In the dermascope observation, during the process of cleansing, the microbeads attached to the skin existed in close contact with each other or dispersed. The skin after scrubbing was clean and smooth and the fine wrinkles between epidermal keratinocytes were reduced. In the scanning electron microscopic observation, the microbead surface did not have severe bending or rough surface. The skin moisture and oil content were higher than the scrub skin before the scrub, and there was no significant difference in the pH.

A recent economic slump has result in such an intense shortage of jobs that some have taken to referring the present day as the "Employment Ice Age." For this reason, the need for effective job-seeking guidance for prospective graduates is coming into sharper relief. In this sense, instruction aimed at helping job-seeking prospective graduates improve their interviewing capabilities through various programs is a matter of crucial importance. The purpose of this study was to devise and provide an educational program combining various image-related elements for applicants preparing for employment and to examine the degree of satisfaction and implementation among them, with an eye toward highlighting the importance of imagemaking. To improve job interview capabilities, instructional programs were developed in four areas and carried out for 24 hours over a four-week period on eight male students. The instruction took place over four weeks beginning in August 2011, with two three-hour sessions conducted each week. The study found that satisfaction and implementation were very high in many areas. This suggests that prospective interviewees should be instructed in techniques for gaining employment at their desired workplace by actively working to overcome the job shortage through a suitable and diverse range of employment interview instruction methods.

This research is designed to study the basic skin condition, erythema, melanin, elasticity, and changes in infrared thermograph for middle-aged women. Seven for experimental group and control group respectively were selected among middle-aged women in the forties and fifties. Basic skin conditions (moisture, sebum, pH), erythema, melanin, elasticity, and skin temperature were measured after totally eight times of messages for one month with twice a week and 15 minutes per one massage from March 15 to April 9, 2010. The results has revealed that as the frequency of massage increased moisture and sebum in forehead, jaw, and neck increased in the experimental group and on the contrary melanin decreased; roughness decreased in cheeks, eye rims, jaw, and neck; elasticity decreased in neck. Skin temperature, low before the experiment, increased and neck temperature, high before the experiment, decreased, which meant that temperature in face and neck was similar after facial massage. For this reason, it was believed that the increased blood circulation subsequent to the facial massage caused increase in the skin temperature.