Earticle

생전예수재는 단순히 내세의 복을 비는 의식이 아니라 생전에 자신의 수행을 49일 동안 열심히 하여 사후에 왕생극락하기 바라는 신앙의 한 형태이다. 본인이 살아 있을 때 49재를 미리 스스로 지냄으로서 사후의 세계를 체험하고, 죽음을 준비하는 웰다잉의 신앙형태이다. 단순한 신앙이 아니라 염불하고 공덕을 쌓고, 남을 위해 봉사하며, 조상들을 천도하는 효신앙의 한 형태라고도 볼 수 있다. 이러한 신앙을 부정적으로 보아 면죄부판매 라고 매도하는 사람도 있지만, 이는 그 참뜻과 교학적인 상식이 부족함에서 오는 오류이다. 생전예수재를 豫修, 自修, 逆修 라고도 하며, 경전적인 근거는 지장신앙과 밀교교학, 정토교학 등에서 찾을 수 있다. 예수신앙에서 중요한 위치를 차지하는 것은 十王信仰이다. 이는 불교의 지장신앙과 중국 도교의 사상이 결합되어 나온 것으로 조상신앙으로 발전하기도 하였다. 예수신앙에서 시왕은 죽은 자의 심판을 담당하는 판사의 역할을 한다. 다음으로 예수신앙에서는 죽은 자의 조상에 대한 천도의식도 포함되어 있다. 조상의 천도를 위하여 영가를 안내하는 인로왕보살의 역할은 중요한 위치에 있다. 인로왕보살은 독립된 신앙의 대상은 아니지만, 영가를 각종의례의 과정에서 안내자의 역할로서 없어서는 안 될 위치에 있다. 이는 마치 외국의 국빈을 초청하면 의전에서 안내자가 수행하는 역할과도 같다. 그리고 마지막으로 49재 천도신앙의 증거는 대승율전인 『범망경』과 정토계 경전 및 지장계통의 경전에서 그 증거를 찾을 수 있다. 그리고 기간도 초기에는 21일이었지만, 점차 정리되어 49일로 안착되었다. 49일의 증거는 『아비달마비바사론』의 중유사상에서 찾을 수 있다. 中有의 기간이 49일이므로 49재를 지내게 되는 중요한 근거가 된다. 이로서 본 논문에서 밝힌 생전예수재가 교학적인 근거를 바탕으로 더욱 활성화되기를 바라는 바이다. 생전에 열심히 수행하고 공덕을 쌓고 복덕을 지어서 죽음을 맞이할 때 고통 없이 품위 있는 죽음을 맞이하기 바란다. 이것이 바로 오늘날 죽음을 체험하는 참된 불교적인 웰다잉 이라고 할 수 있다.

The commemorative rites for oneself is not just the ritual which prays for mercy, but a form of religious belief hoping to reborn in the heaven after death doing the best with one's practice for 49 days. A form of religious belief which we can be ready for death with, experiencing the world after death as having the ritual of the 49th day after death by oneself in advance. It's not just a simple belief, but a form of religious faith with filial piety to lead their ancestors to the heaven, a good place after death, building virtues, chanting a Buddhist prayer, and helping others. Some people say that such a belief is a kind of selling indulgence from a negative outlook, but it is a mistake which comes from a lack of common sense on its real meaning and scholarship. The commemorative rites for oneself is sometimes called as ante-practice, self-practice, and reverse-practice, the basis in Sutras can be found on Ksitigarbha Faith, Education&scholarship of esoteric Buddhism, and Jeongto Scholarship etc. The thing which has a significant position in the ante-faith is Ten-Kings Faith. As this comes from the combination of Ksitigarbha Faith of Buddhism and Taoism ideology in China, it developed to ancestral faith. Siwang in the ante-faith has a role of judge in charge of judgement for deads. And for the next, in the ante-faith, it contains the ceremony on the way of heaven for dead ancestors. The role of Inrowang Bodhisattva who guides ghosts to lead dead ancestors to heaven has a significant position. Inrowang Bodhisattva is not the subject for independent faith though, but as a role of guide in the process of leading ghosts to heaven in various ritual ceremonies, it holds a major part. It seems like a role who leads state guests from abroad when we invite them. And for the last, the evidence of the faith on the way of heaven with the ritual of the 49th day after death can be found in Brahmajala Sutra, a Vinaya Pitaka Sutra of Mahayana Buddhism and Sutras related to Jeongto & Sutras related to Ksitigarbha. Moreover the term was 21 days in the early period though, it was getting settled into shape and fixed on 49 days. The evidence of 49 days can be found in the intermediate state ideology of Abhidharma Viva historical essay. As the term of the intermediate state is 49 days, so it can be a major basis why we take the ritual of the 49th day after death. With this, I hope that the commemorative rites for oneself shown in this dissertation can be more pervasive on the scholarship basis. As practicing a lot and accumulating virtues in one's life, when the one meets his/her death, I hope he/she can have an elegant death without suffering. That is the very buddhist well-dying experiencing death today.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a face-to-face self-management educational program on knowledge, self-care practice and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) before kidney replacement therapy. Methods: This study employed a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design. Data were collected from 61 patients with CKD visiting an outpatient department of nephrology in a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The experimental group (n=31) took the pre-test, then after 3 weeks, face-to-face education and individualized consultation (1st intervention), after a week of self-practice, the 1st post-test, followed by re-enforcement education and consultation (2nd intervention), and 4 weeks later, the 2nd post-test. The control group (n=30) took the pre-test and post-tests at 4 and 8 weeks. Results: Scores for knowledge of CKD and self-care practice over time improved significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Kidney function did not improve significantly in the experimental group. Conclusion: Health care providers can identify various and individualized needs, and provide effective education and consultation through face to face self-management for patients with chronic irreversible illnesses. Nurses can coordinate for these program by designing and providing systematic and effective education.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the meaning and essential themes of nursing students' experiences after implementing nursing skills self-directed practice training using augmented reality simulation. Design: Qualitative research with phenomenological methods Methods: The participants of the study were 17 nursing students enrolled in a university, and in-depth interviews were conducted from December 1 to December 28, 2020. The collected data were analyzed by applying Giorgi's phenomenological research method. Results: The analysis revealed four components of the simulation training experience: 'discomfort of unfamiliarity', 'motivating practice', 'dynamic screen', and 'learning effectiveness', and the analysis yielded up to 15 sub-components and 82 means of centrality. Conclusions: This study provided an in-depth understanding of nursing students' self-directed practice education experience, which can be used as a basis for improving various self-directed practice methods in the future.

Purpose: This study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Self-Efficacy of Evidence-Based Practice (SE-EBP) scale, which was originally developed by Chang and Crowe. The beta-version of the SE-EBP is a modified version of the original SE-EBP, which measures the clinical nurses' confidence in finding, appraising, and implementing evidence into practice. Although the original SE-EBP has been validated, no study has been conducted to validate the Korean version of SE-EBP. Methods: The original scale was translated into Korean through a process of forward and back translation of the original scale. After getting confirmation of the equivalence of the Korean forward translation by the original author, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of data from 212 clinical nurses were used to test construct validity. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach a coefficients. For the statistical analysis, STATA version 13.0 software program was used. Results: Exploratory factor analysis of the 28 items revealed three factors with eigenvalues above 1, accounting for 60.2% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit of the three-factor structure which was statistically significant (x2 = 718.61, df = 330, p < .01). For internal consistency, Cronbach a coefficient for the total scalewas .95, and itwas greater than .80 for each of the three subscales. Conclusions: The Korean version of SE-EBP scale showed evidence of adequate construct validity and reliability. This study might have contributed to a wider application of the SE-EBP scale, but further studies are needed to provide more evidence on the structure of the scale.

Purpose The current study aimed to examine the casual relationships among belongingness during clinical practice, stress, satisfaction with clinical practice, and self-esteem, which are factors affecting the selfdirected learning that results from the clinical practice of advanced practice nurse (APN) students. Methods Data were collected between April 5 and May 19, 2010, from 202 students in 11 APN training institutions located in and outside of Seoul, who were selected using convenience sampling. For hypothesis testing, the collected data were analyzed using AMOS 8.0. Results Analysis of the path coefficients in this study showed that 37% of the variation in self-directed learning could be explained by variations in the model. Self-esteem and belongingness during clinical practice directly affected the self-directed learning of APN students, and belongingness also had an indirect effect via self-esteem. However, stress and satisfaction with clinical practice had no significant mediating effect on self-directed learning. At the same time, belongingness during clinical practice was found to be a good predictive factor to explain stress and satisfaction with clinical practice. Conclusions This study demonstrated the hierarchical relationship among belongingness, self-esteem,and self-directed learning based on the conceptual framework developed by Levett-Jones and Lathlean,thus proving the usefulness of this framework for application in the field. Therefore, this study found that there are needs of high self-esteem and belongingness in order to improve self-directed learning for APN students in clinical practice. [Asian Nursing Research 2011;5(1):48?59]

.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neonatal nursing practice program for nursing students on students’ stress, self-efficacy, and confidence. Methods: A 1-group pre- and post- study design was used. The participants consisted of 64 nursing students who were in a pediatric nursing clinical practicum at a nursing college in Seoul from September 2015 to May 2016. The program consisted of 3 stages-orientation, practice, and debriefing-and was conducted for 3 hours during a 2-week period of the pediatric nursing clinical practicum. The dependent variables were neonatal nursing practice stress, self-efficacy, and confidence. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test, the Pearson correlation coefficient, the x2 test, and descriptive statistics with SPSS for Windows version 22.0. Results: The neonatal nursing practice program was effective at decreasing clinical practice-related stress and increasing confidence and self-efficacy regarding neonatal nursing practice. Conclusion: The neonatal nursing practice program may effectively promote the integration of theoretical knowledge and practice. In the future, we propose to develop various educational programs that reinforce basic nursing skills for neonates as part of an effective pediatric nursing clinical practicum.

본 연구는 간호대학생의 자기주도적 학습, 그릿, 임상실습 스트레스가 임상수행능력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 자료 수집은 C시 지역의 간호대학생 3, 4학년 219명을 대상으로 2024년 11월 5일부터 12월 3일까지 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 20.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, Multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과, 임상수행능력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 검정하기 위해 다중회귀분석을 하였고, 분석한 결과 회귀모형은 유의한 것으로 나타났으며(F=10.62, p<.001), 임상수행능력에 유의한 설명력을 갖는 요인은 학년(β=.182, p=.002), 자기주도적 학습(β=.393, p<.001), 그릿(β=.095, p=.030), 임상실습 스트레스(β =-.110, p=.033)로 나타났으며, 임상수행능력에 대한 설명력은 39.8%이었다. 결론적으로 간호대학생의 자기주도적 학습 수준이 높고, 그릿이 강할수록, 임상실습 스트레스가 낮으면 임상수행능력이 높았다. 따라서 간호대학생의 임상수행능력을 높여주기 위해서는 임상실습 스트레스를 감소시킬 방안을 모색하 고, 자기주도적 학습, 그릿 증진을 위한 다양한 접근 및 프로그램 개발 및 적용이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

This study aimed to identify factors influencing clinical competence in nursing students, focusing on self-directed learning, grit, and clinical practice stress. Data were collected from 219 third- and fourth-year students in City C between November 5 and December 3, 2024. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression. The regression model was statistically significant (F=10.62, p<.001). Significant predictors included academic year (β=.182, p=.002), self-directed learning (β=.393, p<.001), grit (β=.095, p=.030), and clinical practice stress (β=-.110, p=.033), explaining 39.8% of the variance. Students with higher self-directed learning and grit, and lower stress, showed better clinical competence. These results highlight the need for both psychological and educational support. Thus, implementing effective strategies to reduce stress and enhance learning motivation is essential. Promoting self-directed learning and grit can meaningfully improve nursing students’ clinical performance.

본 연구에서는 24명의 대학생을 대상으로 스포츠 기술을 배울 때 다른 연습방법이 수행에 미치는 영향과 자기조절 학습 전략을 어떻게 활용하는지 살펴보았다. 골프 퍼팅 수행을 위해 12명의 연구대상자는 분단연습 방법을 이용하였 고 나머지 12명은 무선 연습방법을 따르게 하였다. 양적연구 분석 결과 연습 단계에서는 전통적인 분단연습 그룹이 무 선연습 그룹에 비하여 퍼팅의 정확도가 높았고, 임팩트 시 가변성이 낮았으며 z축에서의 퍼터 움직임이 훨씬 일관되게 움직이는 것을 알 수 있었다. 한편 연습이 끝난 후 다음 날의 파지검사와 전이검사에서는 오히려 무선연습 그룹이 분 단연습 그룹에 비하여 더 나은 퍼팅 수행을 하였다. 질적 연구 분석 결과 두 그룹 모두에서 자기조절 학습의 전략을 활 용하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 무선연습 그룹의 연구대상자들은 좀 더 사려 깊은 전략의 계획과 인지과정을 보여주는 것으로 나타났다. 무선연습 방법이 자기조절 학습 전략의 활용을 자극하여 변화 많은 주어진 임무에 잘 적응할 수 있 는 능력을 갖게 하는 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 간호대학생이 임상 실습지에서 경험하는 성희롱이 자아존중감과 업무 수행 능력에 미치 는 영향을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상자는 G도에 소재한 3개 대학의 간호학과 3.4학년 319명을 연구대상으로 하였다. 분석은 기술통계분석과 독립표본 t 검증, 상관관계 분석을 실시하였 다. 분석결과 임상 실습지에서 간호대학생들의 72.73%가 주로 환자(74.9%)로부터 성희롱피해를 경 험하고 피해 장소로 일반병실(64.9%) 병실이 가장 많았으며, 성희롱피해를 경험했을 때 병실간호사 나 수간호사에게 도움을 청했으며 병원차원에서 해결해주기를 원했다. 성희롱 행위와 자아존중감, 임상 수행 능력간에는 역상관관계가 임상 수행 능력과 자아존중감과의 관계는 정상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 통해 본 연구는 임상실습시 간호대학생들이 성희롱 피해로부 터 예방, 보호, 대책을 마련하여 안전한 실습환경을 조성해야할 필요성에 대한 기초정보를 제시하는 점에서 의의가 있다.

This study aims to identify the effect of sexual harassment experiences of nursing students in clinical practice on their self-esteem and clinical competence. The survey data were collected from 319 nursing students in grade 3 and 4 enrolled in three universities located in G province of South Korea, and analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, t-test and correlation analysis. The results show that 72.7% of nursing students experienced sexual harassment mostly from patients (74.9%) at general ward (64.9%). It is also found that, when experiencing harassment, they sought help from a nurse or head nurse and wanted the hospital to get involved to resolve the issue. A positive correlation was found between their experience with sexual harassment and their self-esteem and clinical competence. This study has contribution on providing basic information that can be used to create a safe nursing practice environment through prevention and protection measures against sexual harassment during clinical practice.

본 연구는 간호 대학생의 임상수행 자기효능감과 수면의 질, 임상실습 만족도와의 관계를 확인 하고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 D대학교의 간호 대학생 3학년 99명으로 2022년 11월 03일부터 11월 09일 까지 인터넷 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 28.0.1 프로그램을 이용하여 분석 하였다. 연구 결과 간호 대학생의 임상수행 자기효능감과 수면의 질(r=.402, p<.001), 임상수행 자기효 능감과 임상실습 만족도(r=.532, p<.001), 수면의 질과 임상실습 만족도(r=.352, p<.001)는 유의한 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 간호 대학생의 임상수행 자기효능감, 수면의 질과 임상실습 만족도 관계를 통해 체계적인 맞춤 학습 교육 개발을 위한 기초자료로 제공 될 것이다.

This study attempted to confirm the relationship between clinical practice self-efficacy, sleep quality and satisfaction with clinical practice of nursing students. The subjects of the study were 99 nursing college students in the third grades, and date were collected by using the internet survey from November 3 to November 9, 2022. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 28.0.1 program. As a result of the study, it was found satisfaction with clinical practice of nursing students had a positive correlation with self-efficacy(r=.402, p<.001), sleep quality(r=.532, p<.001) and clinical practice satisfaction(r=.352, p<.001). Therefore it will be provided to basic standards for the development of systematic customized learning education.

Purpose: This study was performed to compare and analyze practice self-efficacy, paramedics image, and major satisfaction according to paramedic students practice experience. Methods: The subjects of this study were 224 paramedic students from universities across the country. The analysis methods were completed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program as the frequency percentage, mean±standard deviation, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. Results: It was found that students who experienced practical training had higher levels of practical self-efficacy compared to students who did not (adj OR=3.947, 95% CI=1.932-8.061). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is thought that educational strategies and measures in the absence of practice in the paramedic students.

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the factors affecting emotional labor, self-esteem and clinical practice satisfaction on professional identity in nursing students. Methods: A total of 262 nursing students participated in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSSWIN 18.0. Results: The mean scores for emotional labor, self-esteem, clinical practice satisfaction and professional identity were above-average. There were significant mean differences in professional identity according to ages, academic score, motivation for selecting nursing, satisfaction with college life and satisfaction with nursing majors. Professional identity correlated positively with self-esteem and clinical practice satisfaction, negatively with emotional labor. The significant predictors of professional identity included satisfaction with nursing majors, self-esteem, emotional labor and motivation for selecting nursing. The regression model explained 38.9% of professional identity. Conclusion: To enhance professional identity in nursing students, it is necessary to build effective strategic to focus on promoting their satisfaction with the nursing major, self-esteem and management of emotional labor.

본 연구는 간호대학생이 인지한 프리셉터의 진성리더십, 자기효능감과 임상실습 만족도 간의 관계를 확인 하고, 임상실습 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 수행되었다. 연구 대상자는 충청도 소재 2개 간호대학 에서 300시간 이상의 임상실습을 경험한 간호대학생 176명으로, 2022년 10월 9일부터 11월 19일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 간호대학생의 진성리더십은 3.95±0.75점, 임상실습 자기효능감은 8.30±1.32점, 임상실습 만 족도는 3.78±0.54점으로 진성리더십, 임상실습 자기효능감, 임상실습 만족도 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 정적 상 관관계가 있었다. 임상실습 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 진성리더십(=.621, p<.001)과 임상실습 자기효능감 (=3.416, p<.01)으로 나타났으며, 이들 변인은 임상실습 만족도의 58.4%를 설명하였다. 본 연구결과는 간호대학 생의 자기효능감과 임상실습 만족도를 높이기 위한 다각적인 지원과 교육프로그램 개발의 필요성을 시사하며, 임 상 실무 현장에서 간호대학생을 지도하는 프리셉터의 진성리더십을 강화할 수 있는 전략 마련이 요구된다.

This study aimed to examine the relationships among nursing students’ perceived authentic leadership of preceptors, clinical practice self-efficacy, and clinical practice satisfaction, and to identify factors influencing clinical practice satisfaction. The participants were 176 nursing students from two nursing colleges in the Chungcheong Province, who had completed more than 300 hours of clinical practice. Data were collected through a survey conducted from October 9 to November 19, 2022. The results showed that the mean scores for authentic leadership, clinical self-efficacy, and clinical practice satisfaction were 3.95±0.75, 8.30±1.32, and 3.78±0.54, respectively. Statistically significant positive correlations were found among authentic leadership, clinical self-efficacy, and clinical practice satisfaction. Authentic leadership (=.621, p<.001) and clinical practice self-efficacy (=.341, p<.01) were identified as significant predictors of clinical practice satisfaction, accounting for 58.4% of the variance. These findings suggest the necessity of developing multifaceted support systems and educational programs to enhance nursing students’ clinical practice self-efficacy and satisfaction with clinical practice, and highlight the importance of fostering authentic leadership among preceptors in clinical settings.

본 연구의 목적은 HMD 기반의 가상현실을 활용한 핵심간호술 훈련이 간호 학생의 지식, 수행도, 수행자신감, 자기 효능감, 문제해결능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 연구 대상은 A지역 소재 1개 대학에 재학 중인 4학년 간호 학생 45명이며, 가상현실 활용 핵심간호술 훈련을 적용한 실험군 21명, 마네킨 모형 사용의 고전적 방법을 활용한 대조군 24 명이다. 실험군과 대조군은 핵심간호술 훈련을 마친 후, 술기가 포함된 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 자료 수집은 2022년 10월 3일부터 10월 28일까지 시행되었으며, 수집된 자료는 서술적 통계, t-검정(t-test)로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 중재 이후 간호 학생의 지식은 실험군이 유의하게 더 높았고(t=-2.13, p =.039), 수행자신감은 대조군이 유의하게 더 높았다(t=2.63, p =.012). 수행도, 자기효능감, 문제해결능력은 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 가상현실을 활용한 핵심간호술 훈련은 간호 학생들이 실제 수행을 하기 전 지식과 수행 절차를 익히는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있으며, 마네킨 모형을 사용하는 고전적 핵 심간호술 훈련은 간호 학생들의 술기 자신감 향상을 이끌어 낼 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HMD-based virtual reality core nursing skills training on nursing students' knowledge, performance, self-confidence, self-efficacy, and problem-s olving ability. The study participants were 45 fourth-year nursing students from a university in A city. The participants were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 21) who received VR core nursing skills related to blood transfusion training or the control group (n = 24) who received traditional training using mannequins. After completing core nursing skill training, the experimental group and the control group performed simulations including blood transfusion. Data was collected from October 3 to October 28, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. The results showed that after the intervention, the experimental group had significantly higher knowledge scores than the control group (t=-2.13, p =.039). The control group had significantly higher self-confidence in performance than the experimental group (t=2.63, p =.012). There were no significant differences in performance, self-efficacy, or problem-solving ability between the two groups. Therefore, VR-based core nursing skills training can be usefully utilized for nursing students to learn the knowledge and procedures before performing them in real life, and traditional core nursing skills training using mannequins can lead to an increase in nursing students' confidence in performing the skills.

본 연구는 간호대학생을 대상으로 핵심수기술 자가학습용 모바일 앱을 개발하고, 유용성을 평가하기 위해 실시된 융합적 연구이다. 모바일 앱 평가도구(MARS)와 7개의 서술형 문항을 사용하여 22명의 간호대학생을 대상 으로 모바일 앱의 유용성 평가하였다. 정보제공성 영역이 4.19(SD 0.79)점으로 가장 높았으며, 주관적 앱의 질 영역이 3.08(SD 0.87)점으로 가장 낮은 평가를 받았다. 대상자의 핵심수기술 수행자신감은 8.23(SD 1.60)점 이었 으며, 학습만족도는 7.89(SD 0.87)점이었다. 또한, 서술형 문항에서 학생들은 시공간의 제약이 없는 편리성과 반 복적인 자가학습이 가능하다는 점을 가장 큰 강점으로 꼽았으며, 디자인과 기술적인 보완, 교수자 피드백의 필요 성을 언급하였다. 본 융합연구의 결과를 활용하여 핵심수기술 자가학습의 효과적인 학습 촉매제로 모바일 앱의 사용을 도모할 수 있을 것이며, 향후 간호대학생의 핵심수기술 수행역량에 대한 모바일 앱의 효과연구가 필요하다.

A convergence study was conducted to develop a smartphone application for self-practice of core nursing skills and evaluate its usefulness for undergraduate nursing students. Mobile Application Rating Scale and seven essay questionnaire were used to for usability evaluation among 22 undergraduate nursing students. The score of the information domain was the highest with 4.19(SD 0.79). The subjective quality domain showed the lowest score of 3.08(SD 0.87). Participants’ performance confidence score was 8.23(SD 1.60), and learning satisfaction score was 7.89(SD 0.87). Participants reported that the convenience and repetitive self-learning were the strengths of the app. In addition, design and technical supplementation, and lecturer-feedback would improve effectiveness of the current educational app. Findings of this convergent study would be helpful to promote the application of mobile apps for effective self-learning of core nursing skills in undergraduate nursing education. Future resesarch is needed to examine effectiveness study of mobile app on the performance of core nursing skills.

이 연구는 스포츠 지도자들의 진정성 및 도덕성 회복의 일환으로 스포츠 진성리더십의 핵심인 자기성장을 실천하 기 위한 모델을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 자기성장 실천 모델을 구축하기 위한 근거는 존 듀이의 성장원리를 기반으 로 하였다. 이를 위해 국내에서 개발된 스포츠 지도자의 진성리더십 중 자기성장의 하위요인을 소개하였고, 듀이의 반성적 사고와 경험의 재구성을 통한 성장개념에 대해 내용 고찰을 실시하였다. 내용 고찰을 토대로 스포츠 지도자의 자기성장을 위한 단계적 실천 모델을 제시하였다. 스포츠 진성리더십의 자기성장 하위요인은 자기계발과 성찰, 기술연구, 사명감 등으로 구성되었다. 자기성장 실천모델의 1단계는 지도자의 미성숙한 행동으로 문제 상황이 발생하는 단계이다. 2단계는 반성적 사고와 지성을 활용하여 자신을 성찰하는 단계이며, 3단계는 진정성과 도덕성을 회복하고 올바른 습관을 형성하 기 위한 행동들을 적극적으로 실천하는 단계이다. 4단계는 문제가 해결되고 지도자의 자기성장을 통해 품성을 갖춘 진성 리더의 모습을 보이게 된다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 자기성장 원리를 적용한 교육 프로그램의 개발과 지도자들의 실제 적용사례를 탐색할 필요가 있다.

The research aimed to develop a model for practicing self-growth, the core of sports leadership, as part of restoring authenticity and morality of sports leaders. The bases to build a model to practice self-growth were based on John Dewey's growth principles. Therefore, the sub-factors of self-growth among the authentic leadership of sports leaders developed in Korea were introduced, and the concept of growth through the reconstruction of Dewey's reflective thinking and experience had been examined. The study suggested a step-by-step model for self-growth of sports leaders as on the content review. The sub-factors of self-growth consisted of self-development and reflection, skill research, and sense of mission. For the model for practicing self-growth, the 1st stage is the phase which a problem situation arises from the immature behaviors of the leader. The 2nd stage is to reflect on yourself by reflective thinking and intelligence, and the 3rd step is to actively practice actions to restore authenticity and morality, and to develop the proper habits. In the 4th stage, the problem has been solved, and the personality of a authentic leader becomes to be shown by the leader’s self-growth. As the results of the research, it is necessary to explore the development of educational programs to apply the principles of self-growth, and the practical applications of the leaders.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the importance of nurses' clinical performance, and accordingly, nursing educators have emphasized students' clinical practice and performance. This study developed a Clinical Practice Self-Efficacy Scale for nursing students and examined its psychometric properties. Methods: The authors reviewed instruments for selecting items for the scale in the areas of clinical skills, communication, infection control, safety, and nursing process. After preliminary items were selected, ten experts consisting of nursing professors and clinical nurses reviewed the items considering Korean clinical and educational situations. The data for the psychometric evaluation was collected from 257 nursing students in their 2nd, 3rd, and 4th years and then analyzed. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the goodness of fit of this scale with five factors represented by 40 items was appropriate. The significant positive correlations with general self-efficacy indicated sound construct validity. The senior nursing students showed higher scores than others, as we expected. Cronbach's alpha was .94. Conclusion: The Clinical Practice Self-Efficacy Scale is appropriate for measuring Korean nursing students' self-efficacy of clinical practice. It is expected to act as a good tool to measure the effects of clinical practice education.

Purpose: The current challenges faced by nurses in providing high quality and evidence-based practice (EBP) supported care require profound changes in nursing education. To understand the changes needed to strengthen EBP education, the researchers examined EBP self-efficacy, course needs, barriers, and facilitators for academic faculty and clinical nurse preceptors to teach EBP in undergraduate nursing curricula. Methods: For this study, mixed-method approach was used with survey data collected from 73 academic faculty members from 54 universities. Further, 17 clinical nurse preceptors in three academic hospitals provided qualitative data for exploration of barriers and facilitators to teaching EBP. Data analysis used SPSS/WIN 21.0 and content analysis. Results: Quantitative data showed that although the overall level of self-efficacy among faculty was moderate, the implementation levels were relatively low. Most faculty members agreed with the need to integrate EBP courses into undergraduate nursing curricula. The qualitative data showed that the barriers to teaching EBP were lack of knowledge, skill, and initial investment for teaching EBP; hierarchical, rules-oriented nursing culture; potential learner overloads in processing EBP; limited research dissemination and application. Facilitators were identified as the importance of EBP to the profession of nursing; collaboration in schools and hospitals; and continuing education in teaching/utilizing EBP. Conclusion: The findings indicate that for successful integration of EBP ni nursing education there is a need for faculty training and integrated EBP courses.

Purpose: This study examined the effect of the blended learning method during self-practice of transfusion therapy on nursing students’ academic achievement in transfusion therapy, confidence in performing transfusion therapy, self-directed learning ability, and satisfaction with self-practice. Methods: The study design was a non-equivalent control group pretestposttest quasi-experimental design. The participants were 75 nursing students divided into two groups: 38 in the experiment group and 37 in the control group. The blended learning method, combined with face-to-face and online learning, was applied to the experimental group’s self-practice from October 12 to 30, 2020. For the control group’s self-practice, face-to-face learning without online learning was employed. Results: The experimental group showed significantly better academic achievement than the control group. There were no significant differences in confidence in performance, self-directed learning ability, and satisfaction with self-practice between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the blended learning method combined with face-to-face learning and online learning in self-practice significantly affected academic achievement. Further studies are needed to identify effective online learning methods for nursing practice.