Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 8주간 편측성 운동 프로그램이 중년여성의 하지 및 전신기능적 안정성에 미치는 영향을 규명하 는 데 있다. 연구 대상자는 중년 여성 28명을 운동군과 대조군으로 구분하여 실험을 진행하였다. 운동군은 주 2회, 8주간 편측성 운동 프로그램에 참여하였으며, 대조군은 일상생활을 유지하였다. 하지 및 전신기능적 안정성 능력은 사전•사후 측정을 통해 평가하였고, 시기×집단 간에서의 차이를 분석하기 위해 반복측정 분산분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 운동군 은 8주 후 하지 및 전신 안정성 지표에서 사전 대비 유의한 향상을 보였으며(p<.05), 대조군과 비교했을 때도 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 반면 대조군에서는 유의한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한, 운동군과 대조군의 집단×시기 간에서 의 상호작용 효과가 유의하게 통계적으로 나타났다(p<.05). 본 연구의 결과는 8주간 편측성 운동프로그램이 중년 여성의 하지 및 전신 안정성 능력 향상에 효과적임을 시사한다. 이러한 결과는 중년 여성의 기능적 움직임 개선과 신체 균형 능력 향상을 위한 운동 중재 전략으로 편측성 운동 프로그램이 활용될 수 있음을 의미한다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week unilateral exercise program on lower extremity and whole-body functional stability in middle-aged women. A total of 28 middle-aged women were randomly assigned to either an exercise group or a control group. The exercise group participated in a unilateral exercise program twice a week for 8 weeks, while the control group maintained their usual daily activities. Lower extremity and whole-body functional stability were assessed through pre- and post-tests. Repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA) was conducted to analyze the differences between time and group. The results showed that the exercise group demonstrated significant improvements in lower extremity and whole-body stability indicators after 8 weeks compared to the pre-test(p < .05), and significant differences were also observed compared to the control group. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Furthermore, a significant interaction effect between group and time was found(p< .05). These findings suggest that an 8-week unilateral exercise program is effective in improving lower extremity and whole-body stability in middle-aged women. Therefore, unilateral exercise programs may serve as an effective intervention strategy for enhancing functional movement and balance ability in middle-aged women.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a physical stability exercise program on the functional movement and balance of middle school volleyball players to provide future management and training data to improve the performance of volleyball players. Methods: The subjects were 20 volleyball players from Y Middle School in Mokpo. The results of comparing and analyzing the effects of the physical stability exercise program on the functional movement and balance of middle school volleyball players for 10 weeks are as follows. Results: The number of participants who showed power and agility (p<0.01) was increased significantly, and the response time was shortened significantly (p<0.01). On the evaluation of functional movement, the total score showed a significant difference between the pre-test at 10.90±1.30 points and the post-test at 13.81±.60 (p<0.001). The subjects' balance showed a significant difference from 84.11±7.53 to 97.65±8.47 (p<0.001), and the Right Composite Score showed a significant difference from 83.74±6.64 to 97.27±8.48 (p<0.001). Conclusion: The application of a physical stability exercise program for 10 weeks is effective in improving the speed, agility, functional movement, and balance to volleyball players who are weakened and at risk of injury. This is believed to prevent or reduce injury.

함수 방정식은 함수 자체의 정확한 형태를 가정하지 않고 단순히 기본적인 성질만을 언급하는 한정적이지 않은 방정식을 통하여 일반적인 관점의 수학적 형상화를 공식화하는데 매우 중요한 구실을 하기 때문에 실험적인 학문에서 유용하다. 본 논문에서는 범함수 방정식 문제 중 하나인 일반화된 2차 범함수 방정식(equation omitted) 의 해를 구하고 이 방정식의 안정성을 증명한다.

Functional equations are useful in the expermental science because they play very important to formulate mathematical moods in general terms, through some not very restrictive equations, without postulating the forms of such functions. In this paper n solve one of a generalized quadratic functional equation (equation omitted) and prove the stability of this equation.

함수 방정식은 연구원들이 함수 자체의 정확한 형태를 가정하지 않고 단순히 기본적인 함수의 성질만을 언급하는 한정적이지 않은 방정식을 통하여 일반적인 관점의 수학적 형상화를 공식화하는데 매우 중요한 구실을 하기 때문에 실험적인 학문에서 유용하다. 그러한 많은 함수 방정식 가운데에서 이 논문은 다소 일반화된 2차 함수 방정식을 선택해 해를 구하며 이 방정식의 안정성을 증명한다. a$^2$f((x+y/a))+b$^2$f((x-y/b)) = 2f(x)+2f(y)

Functional equations are useful in the experimental science because they play very important role for researchers to formulate mathematical models in general terms, through some not very restrictive equations that only stipulate basic properties of functions showing in these equations, without postulating the exact forms of such functions. Of lots of such functional equations, in this paper we adopt and solve some generalized quadratic functional equation a$^2$f((x+y/a))+b$^2$f((x-y/b)) = 2f(x)+2f(y)

무안 Y고등학교 남자 핸드볼 선수 21명을 대상으로 10주간 신체안정화 훈련 후 시각반응속도, 기능적 움직임, 균형, 폐활량의 결과를 비교 분석하여 부상을 감소시킴으로써, 경기력 향상을 시킬 수 있는 추후 관리 및 훈련 자료를 제공할 목적으로 연구하였다. 훈련 결과 핸드볼선수에게 요구되는 순발력, 민첩성이 크게 증가하였고, 반응시간이 유의하게 단축되었다 (p<0.001). 기능적 움직임 평가 총점은 훈련 전 10.43±1.16, 훈련 후 12.05±1.07로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.001). 와이발런스 측정은 훈련 전 89.18±6.99, 훈련 후 91.39±7.33으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p<0.001). 폐활량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 결론적으로, 10주간 신체안정화 훈련 프로그램을 적용하면 속도, 민첩성, 기능적 움직임, 와이발런스 측정, 폐활량의 향상에 효과적이다. 결론적으로, 부상을 예방하거나 줄일수 있고 핸드볼 경기 중 경기력을 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.

This study aims to see, a 10-weeks program of Body Stability Exercise(BSE) was conducted on 21 male handball players at Muan Y High School and then, the results of changes in Visual Response Speed Test, Functional Movement Screen, Y-Balance Test, and Vital Capacity were observed, compared and analyzed to provide follow-up management and training data that can be used to reduce injuries and improve performance. After training, strength and quickness were increased significantly and reaction time was significantly shortened (p<0.001). The total score of Functional Movement Screen was increased from 10.43±1.16, before training to 12.05±1.07 after training, which was statistically significant(p<0.001). Y-Balance Test was significantly increased from 89.18±6.99 before training to 91.39±7.33 after training(p<0.001). The Vital Capacity increase was also shown to be more than statistically significant(p<0.001). The 10-week BSE program improved speed, agility, Functional Movement Screen, Y-Balance Test, and Vital Capacity. In conclusion, it's can prevent or reduce injuries and performance could be improved while playing handball.

이 연구는 코어 안정성 향상, 기능적 움직임과 재활훈련 및 부상예방에 효과적인 서스펜션 트레이닝에 관한 선행 연구들을 고찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 서스펜션 트레이닝은 코어안정성을 향상시켜주며 일반인뿐만 아 니라 선수들의 체력과 경기력을 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 둘째, 서스펜션 트레이닝은 기능성트레이닝으로 적용 가능하 기에 기능적 움직임에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 서스펜션 트레이닝은 코어의 안정성을 향상시켜 부상예방과 재활 에 효과적인 도구로 사용될 수 있다. 따라서, 선수와 일반인들 모두에게 적용할 수 있는 서스펜션트레이닝은 코어의 안 정성을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 기능적 움직임을 개선할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 부상예방과 동시에 재활훈련의 도구로서 사용 할 수 있기 때문에 복합트레이닝 적용 시 고려하여할 훈련프로그램으로 판단된다.

This study was conducted to review previous studies on suspension training that are effective in enhancing core stability, functional movement, rehabilitation training, and injury prevention. The following results were obtained. First, suspension training could improve core stability and could improve physical fitness and performance for athletes as well as the ordinary person. Second, suspension training could have a positive effect on functional movements as it could be applied to functional training. Third, suspension training could improve core stability and could be used as an effective tool for injury prevention and rehabilitation. Therefore, the suspension training that could be applied to both the athlete and the ordinary person and could improve the stability of the core, functional movement and could be used as a tool for rehabilitation training at the same time as injury prevention. It is considered to be a recommend program when applying combined training.

Background: The multiple hop test is an active performance test that has been commonly used to assess individuals with functional ankle instability. Previous studies have suggested that insufficiency of dynamic postural stability and passive stability during dynamic activities can have an influence on performance in the multiple hop test. However, no study has investigated the effects of dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing on multiple hop test performance in individuals with functional ankle instability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effects of dynamic postural stability training versus ankle bracing in the performance of the multiple hop test for participants with functional ankle instability. Methods: Twenty-nine participants with functional ankle instability who scored below 24 in the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool were selected. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: a dynamic postural stability training group (n1=14) and an ankle bracing control group ($n_2=15$). The multiple hop tests were performed before and after applying each intervention. Dynamic postural stability training was performed using visual-feedback-based balance-training equipment; participants in this group were asked to perform a heel raise in a standing position while watching the centering of their forefoot pressure to prevent excessive ankle inversion. Ankle bracing was applied in the control group. Results: When comparing the pre- and post-intervention period for both groups, both methods significantly improved the results of the multiple hop test (p<.05). However, no significant differences were shown between the dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing groups (p>.05). Conclusion: Both dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing showed significant improvement (2.85 seconds and 2.05 seconds, respectively) in test performance. Further study is needed to determine the long-term effects of dynamic postural stability training and to determine whether insufficient dynamic postural stability is a causative factor for functional ankle instability.

본 연구는 물의 관성 부하 훈련이 만성적 발목 불안정성을 가진 축구동호인의 동적 안정성과 기능적 움직임에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이와 같은 연구목적을 이루기 위해 축구 팀 활동 경력이 10년 이상 되는 축구동호인 중 기능적 발목관절 불안정성 분류 설문지(IdFAI)를 통해 선 정된 총 8명을 대상으로 하여 훈련 전과 후 비교에 대해 분석하였다. 동적 안정성에 대한 연구결과도출 을 위하여 30cm 박스위에서 내려와 한 다리 착지하는 드롭 랜딩으로 압력중심점을 측정하였고, 한 다리 지지로 기능적 움직임을 평가하기 위한 Y-균형검사를 실시하였다. 자료처리 방법은 IBM Statistics SPSS Win ver. 28.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 8명의 훈련 전과 후를 비교하기 위해 대응표본 t-검정(paired t-test)을 실시하였다. 이상과 같은 연구방법을 적용하여 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 물의 관성 부하 훈련을 시행한 축구동호인들의 한 다리 착지의 안정성이 향상되었다. 둘째, 물의 관성 부하 훈련은 시행한 축구동호인들의 기능적인 움직임이 향상되었다. 따라서 물의 관성 부하 훈련 프로그램은 만성 발목 불안정성을 가진 축구동호인의 동적 안정성과 기 능적 움직임을 향상시키는 데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inertial load of water training on amateur football players with chronic ankle instability. Methods This study targeted 8 amateur football players with chronic ankle instability identified through the Functional Ankle Instability Index (IdFAI) classification questionnaire. The research aimed to validate the effects of water inertia loading training. Dynamic stability, considering sports specificity, was assessed by measuring Center of pressure(COP) during drop landing and Y-balance test before and after the training. Collected data underwent paired t-tests to compare the changes before and after the training. Results During drop landing, the variables of COP parameters, including range, displacement, and velocity, were significantly reduced in both the left and right legs, confirming an improvement in dynamic stability. In the Y-balance test, scores increased on both the left and right legs, indicating enhanced single-leg weight-bearing function. Conclusions The training program utilizing inertial load of water has been demonstrated as an effective training method for improving dynamic stability and functional movement in amateur football players with chronic ankle instability.

본 연구는 요가, 필라테스, 코어운동 등 체간 안정성 운동프로그램 적용 전후의 만성 요통 환자의 기능적 움직임, 동적 균형능력 및 체간 안정성의 변화를 확인하고, 3가지 체간 안정성 운동의 효과를 비교하고자 하였다. 만성 요통을 가진 성인 43명을 요가 집단 (n=15)과 필라테스 집단 (n=15) 및 코어 운동 집단 (n=13)으로 분류하였고, Functional Movement Screen (FMS)와 Lower Quater Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) 및 Trunk Stability Test (TST)를 통해 기능적 움직임, 동적 균형능력 및 체간 안정성을 각각 측정하였다. 이후 8주간 운동을 적용한 후 모든 변인을 재측정하 였으며, 운동 적용 전후 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 세 집단 모두 운동 적용 후 FMS, YBT-LQ 및 TST의 측정값 이 적용 전보다 유의하게 증가하였으나, 각 운동 적용에 따른 집단 간의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이런 결과는 요가, 필라테스 및 코어 운동이 만성 요통 환자의 기능적 움직임, 동적 균형능력 및 체간 안정성을 개선하는 데 도움이 된다는 것을 보여주었다.

The present study aimed to identify the effects of the trunk stability exercise on functional movement, dynamic balance, and trunk stability in patients with chronic low back pain, and to compare the difference among yoga exercise, pilates exercise and core exercise. Forty-three patients with chronic low back pain were divided into three groups; 15 yoga groups, 15 pilates groups, and 13 core exercise groups. All subjects were tested the Functional movement, dynamic balance, and trunk stability using Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Lower Quater Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) and Trunk Stability Test (TST), respectively, and after each 8-week exercise program was applied, all variables were retested. After exercising during 8 weeks, FMS, YBT-LQ and TST scores of all three groups were significantly improved, compared to before, but there were no interaction effect among three groups depending on application of exercise program. These results showed that yoga, pilates and core exercise help to improve functional movement, dynamic balance and trunk stability in adults with chronic low back pain.

본 연구는 무등산국립공원 내 수계의 17개 지점을 대상으로 저서성대형무척추동물 섭식기능군 및 군집안정성 분석을 위해 2022년 5월 부터 9월까지 총 2회 조사를 실시하였다. 조사기간동안 저서성대형무척추동물은 총 5문 7강 18목 71과 154종이 출현하였다. 군집분석 결과, 우점도지수 평균 0.55, 다양도지수 평균 2.97, 풍부도지수 평균 3.00, 균등도지수 평균 0.68로 나타났다. 섭식기능군 분석 결과, 잡아먹는무 리(P; Predator)가 47종(31.13%)으로 가장 높은 출현율이 나타났는데, 이는 일부 강도래목과 잠자리목의 출현 결과로 보여진다. 서식기능 군 분석 결과, 붙는무리(CL; Clinger)가 66종(43.42%)으로, 모든 지점에서 높은 출현율을 보였다. 군집안정성 분석 결과, 상대적으로 저항력 과 회복력이 높은 종이 속하는 Group Ⅰ이 높은 비율(평균 53.7%)로 나타났다. BMI 분석 결과, 모든 지점에서 “매우 좋음(A등급)”의 환경 상태로 나타났다.

Two surveys were conducted from May to September 2022 to analyze the functional feeding groups and community stability of benthic macroinvertebrates at 17 sites in the water system of Muduengsan National Park. Benthic macroinvertebrates belonging to 154 taxa, 71 families, 18 orders, seven classes, and five phyla were found. Community analysis showed an average dominance index of 0.56, a diversity index of 2.97, a richness index of 3.00, and an evenness index of 0.68. In the analysis of functional feeding groups, predators (P) had the highest abundance with 47 species (31.13%) owing to the appearance of Plecoptera and Odonata. In the analysis of functional habitat groups, clinger (CL) had the highest abundance at all survey sites with 66 species (43.42%). Community stability analysis showed that Group I, which included species with high relative resistance and resilience, comprised a high proportion (average of 53.7%). The BMI analysis showed “very good” (Class A) stream status at all survey sites.

투척 종목은 근력과 근파워에 기반한 운동수행력을 겨루는 경기로 하체와 코어의 파워와 함께 근 밸런스에 기반한 안정성과 관련이 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대학 남자 투척 선수들을 대상으로 종목 특성을 고려한 기능성 근 밸런스 트레이닝을 실시하여 기초체력, 코어 및 하체의 등속성 근력, 근파워 수준을 살펴보았다. 목적을 위해 대학 남자 투척 선수 11명을 대상으로 크게 통제(Con, n=5) 및 운동(Ex, n=6)집단으로 구분 후 공통적인 훈련 이후에 운동집단을 대상으로 추가적인 기능성 근 밸런스 트레이닝을 실시하였다(12주). 실험결과, 기초체력의 경우 기능성 근 밸런스 트레이닝을 실시한 운동집단에서 제자리멀리뛰기(순발력)가 사전에 비해 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 또 한 등속성 근력의 경우 운동집단에서 좌,우 하체의 굴근 근력이 사전에 비해 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났으며, 좌측 굴근의 경우 통제집단과도 유의한 차이를 보여주고 있다. 코어의 경우에도 운동집단의 굴근 근력 및 근파워가 사전에 비해 유의하게 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과, 투척 선수들을 대상으로 한 기능성 근 밸런스 트레이닝은 하체와 코어의 근 안정성과 관련한 굴근의 근력 및 근파워를 증가시켜 경기수행력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 보여진다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of functional balance training(FBT) on physical fitness, isokinetic strength and power of knee and core for male throwers in university. For the purpose, eleven men's throwers from university were divided into two groups (Con; n=5, Ex; n=6) and further functional balance training was conducted for the Ex group after common training (12 weeks). The results of showed that in a Ex group where functional balance training was performed, the flexor muscle strength of the left and right leg was shown to have increased significantly compared to the previous test, and in the case of the left flexor muscles, it also showed a significant difference from the Con group. The core also showed significant increases in flexor muscular strength and power of the Ex group compared to the previous test. As a result of this study, functional balance training for throwers is seen to have a positive effect on the performance of the competition by increasing the muscular strength and power of the flexor in relation to the muscular stability of the lower body and core.

본 연구는 걷기 및 계단 보행 시 하지 부하를 줄이기 위해 다이나믹 테이핑의 무릎-대퇴관절고리와 무릎대 퇴관절 측방현수 원리를 의복 겉면에 탄성 밴드로 구현하여 전투복 안에 착용 가능한 기능성 바지를 설계하 고, 그 효과를 평가하였다. 피험자(n=10)에게 프로토타입 기능성 바지와 기능이 없는 바지를 랜덤으로 착용시 키고, 걷기와 계단 보행 시 안정성, 지지감, 착용감(5점 리커트 척도)에 대한 비교 평가를 하였다. 평가 결과, 무릎·종아리·발 부위에서 안정성과 지지감이 전반적으로 향상되었으며, 쾌적성은 유지되었다. 다만, 무릎 밴 드에 의한 동작 제한과 발바닥 불편감이 언급되어 이를 반영해 무릎과 발목을 감싸주는 밴드는 제거하고 허벅지·종아리 부분을 전면 보강하였으며, 의복압을 권장 범위로 조정하여 재설계하였다(허벅지 전면 1.97 kPa, 허벅지 후면 1.59 kPa, 종아리 전면 2.32 kPa, 종아리 후면 1.44 kPa). 이에 대한 종합 주관적 평가에서 안정성은 4.70±0.82, 지지감은 4.60±0.52로 높게 나타났고, 쾌적성은 3.80±0.81로 나타났다. 또한, 계단 보행 중 표면 근전도에서 대퇴직근, 외측광근, 내측·외측 비복근의 정규화 진폭이 일관되게 낮아 근육 부하가 감소 했음을 확인하였다. 따라서 밴드 위치와 장력 분포의 조절이 주관적 감각과 기능적 효과 사이의 균형을 좌우 하는 핵심 설계 변수임을 알 수 있었고, 의복 겉면에 탄성 밴드를 적용한 기능성 바지는 피부 마찰을 최소화 하면서 관절 안정화와 지지감 제공에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 동시에 계단 보행과 같이 무릎–발목 복합 관절에 부담이 크게 발생되는 일상 움직임에서 밴드가 부여된 기능성 바지 착용이 대퇴직근, 외측광근, 내측· 외측 비복근 등의 근육 부하를 경감시킬 수 있음을 검증하였다.

This study designed and evaluated functional under-trousers that incorporate two dynamic-taping concepts—the patellofemoral joint loop and the lateral sling—by applying elastic bands to the outer surface to reduce lower-limb muscular demand during walking and stair ambulation. In a prototype test (n = 10), participants completed walking and stair tasks and provided 5-point Likert ratings of perceived stability, support, and comfort. Perceived stability and support generally improved for the knee, calf, and foot, while comfort was largely maintained; reports of restriction from the knee band and underfoot discomfort informed redesign. In the final design, the knee and ankle bands were removed, the thigh and anterior-calf lines were reinforced, and garment pressure was controlled within target ranges (front thigh 1.97 kPa; rear thigh 1.59 kPa; front calf 2.32 kPa; rear calf 1.44 kPa). Overall ratings were high for stability (4.70 ± 0.82) and support (4.60 ± 0.52), with moderate comfort (3.80 ± 0.81). Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to assess muscular demand during stair ascent and descent; normalized amplitudes for the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and medial and lateral gastrocnemius were consistently lower when wearing the functional under-trousers, indicating reduced muscular demand. Collectively, these findings suggest that exterior elastic bands can enhance joint stabilization and perceived support while minimizing skin friction, and that careful tuning of band placement and tension is critical to balance assistance with comfort. These under-trousers show potential to improve stability and reduce muscular demand during everyday activities that load the knee–ankle complex, such as stair ambulation.

Currently various kinds of wheelchair were developed and being sold in medical device market. This research is concerned with designing and making various types of moving and functional power wheelchairs. There are two kinds of general moving type wheelchairs and translational moving type wheelchair using mecanum wheel. Dynamic theory is used to check the motion analysis and safety of wheelchairs. The specific function of wheelchairs is to reach the higher position than the sitting position. And the new way of motion of wheelchair is developed by new type of wheel. This paper proposes the very economical and useful wheelchair model.

운동학 학술지, 2011, 13(1): 63-73. 웨이트 트레이닝과 플라이오메트릭 트레이닝이 대학생의 기초체력 및 기능적 안정성에 미치는 영향. [서론] 이 연구는 대학생의 웨이트 트레이닝과 플라이오메트릭 트레이닝을 실시하였을 때 기초체력, 기능적 안정성을 비교하여, 일반인들의 운동능력 개선을 위한 트레이닝 방법 및 목표설정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. [방법]일반 남학생들을 무선 표집하여 두 집단으로 구분하였으며(웨이트 트레이닝 그룹: 7명, 플라이오메트릭 그룹: 7명), 측정항목은 기초체력측정(윗몸일으키기, 서전트점프, 사이드스텝, 전신반응, 체전굴)과 기능적 안정성측정(전/후, 내/외 정적, 동적 발란스)을 실시하였다. [결과] 기초체력에서는 서전트점프, 전신반응측정에서 통계적으로 유의한 차가 나타났으며, 기능적 안정성에서는 전/후 오른쪽, 왼쪽(정적, 동적)에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차가 나타나지 않았고, 내/외 오른쪽(정적, 동적), 왼쪽 (동적)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차가 나타났다. [결론] 웨이트 트레이닝과 플라이오메트릭 트레이닝이 하지근육의 협응력을 통한체력증진과 신경감각정보 등을 적절하게 유지 반응하게 함으로써, 균형능력에 영향을 미친 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 또한 근력에 적정 수준의 자극을 주어 근력 향상에도 상관관계가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

KINESIOLOGY, 2011, 13(1): 63-73. Effects of Weight training and Plyometric training for Fitness and Functional Stability on Collegiates Male. [INTRODUCTION] This study is provided of weight training and plyometric training performance to fitness, functional stability with compare as well as is improved of exercise ability with training methods and goal-establishing in basical data. [METHOD] Subjects 14 Collegiates divided in two group(weight Training group: 7, plyometric Training group: 7) in this study. All subjects measured fitness(sit-up, sargent jump, side jump, body reaction time, trunk flexion) and functional stability(anterior/posterior, medial/lateral static & dynamic balance). [RESULT] Sargent jump and body reaction time were significant. anterior/posterior static and dynamic balance were not significant. medial/lateral static and dynamic balance for right were significant. and left dynamic was significant. [CONCLUSION] Weight & plyometric training had effect to low-leg muscle of coordination according to fitness improvement and equilibrium sensory function maintain to balance ability. muscle strength on propriety-level stimulation considered it as muscle strength of improvement in correlational relation.

Background: Postoperative low back pain (LBP) is a common complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), affecting patients’ recovery and quality of life. Pelvic alignment may influence LBP and functional outcomes in TKA patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pelvic reset exercise on pain, pelvic stability, and functional mobility in TKA patients with chronic LBP. Methods: Forty patients with chronic LBP (>6 months) post-TKA were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (pelvic reset exercise, n=20) and the control group (abdominal drawing-in exercise using biofeedback, n=20). Both groups performed 30-minute sessions, three times per week for four weeks. Outcome measures included the quadruple visual analogue scale (QVAS) for pain, hip stability isometric test (Hip SIT), timed up and go (TUG) test for mobility, Korean Oswestry disability index (KODI), and SF-12 for quality of life. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired and independent t-tests. The significance level was set at α = .05. Results: Both groups showed significant within-group pain reduction (p<.001), with a significantly greater decrease in the experimental group (p<.05). Hip SIT improved significantly only in the experimental group (p<.001), with significant between-group differences (p<.01). TUG scores improved in both groups, with a greater change in the experimental group (p<.05). Improvements in KODI and SF-12 were also more notable in the experimental group, all were statistically significant between groups (p<.05). Conclusion: Pelvic reset exercise is effective in reducing pain, improving hip stability, enhancing functional mobility and quality of life in TKA patients with chronic LBP. It may be considered a beneficial intervention for postoperative rehabilitation in this population.

본 연구는 발목 염좌로 인한 발목관절 불안정성이 있는 자들을 대상으로 뱁스보오드와 트렘폴린 운동이발목의 기능적 안정성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 피검자 24명을 운동군 2집단(뱁스보오드 운동군: 8명, 트렘폴린 운동군: 8명)과 대조군(8명)으로 나누어 재활운동을 실시하였으며, 밸런스 운동 사전과 사후검사는 Romberg 검사와 Star Excursion Balance Test(SEBT) 검사를 실시하였다. 발목관절 정적 운동검사에서 건측의 경우 측정시기와 상호작용에서 각각 유의한 차이이가 나타났다(P<.01, P<.05). 환측의 경우 측정시기에서 유의한 차이이가 나타났다(P<.01). 발목관절 동적 운동검사에서 건측의 경우 가측, 뒤가측, 뒤측은 측정시기에서 유의한 차이이가 나타났고(P<.05, P<.01, P<.001), 뒤내측과 내측은 측정시기와 상호작용에서 각각 유의한 차이이가 나타났다(P<.01, P<.001). 환측의 경우 앞가측, 내측은 측정시기에서 유의한 차이이가 나타났고(P<.05, P<.001), 뒤측, 뒤내측은 측정시기와 상호작용(P<.05, P<.01), 앞내측은 상호작용에서 유의한 차이이가 나타났다(P<.05). 결론적으로 발목관절 염좌가 있는 환자의 재활 프로그램(운동)을 시행함에 있어서 고유수용기 훈련 및 통합적인 균형훈련을 포함한 기능적 운동이 발목의 기능적 안정성에 긍정적인 효과를 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of balance exercises on functional ankle stability in patients with ankle sprains. Twenty four subjects were divided into 3 groups: two exercise groups (BAPS board exercise group; trampoline exercise group) and one control group, each group consisted of 8 subjects. All subjects performed the Romberg test and Star excursion balance test (SEBT) before and after the balance training. The results of the Romberg test showed the time of measurement and interaction-effect were significant on the uninvolved side (P<.01, P<.05). The time of measurement was significant for the involved side (P<.01). The results of the SEBT test showed that lateral, posterolateral, and posterior directions were significant in the time of measurement on the uninvolved side (P<.05, P<.01, P<.001), and also posteromedial and medial directions were significant in the time of measurement and interaction-effect on the uninvolved side (P<.01, P<.001). Anterior and medial directions were significant in the time of measurement (P<.05, P<.001), posterolateral and posteromedial directions were significant in the time of measurement and interaction-effect (P<.05, P<.01), and anteromedial was significant in the interaction-effect on the involved side (P<.05). The results suggest that a rehabilitation program for patients with lateral ankle sprains should include proprioceptive and comprehensive functional balance exercises in order to improve functional stability of the ankle after lateral ankle sprains.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a modified abdominal draw-in maneuver on trunk stability and functional capacity as well as pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: The study included 3 patients with chronic low back pain who volunteered to participate. The modified abdominal draw-in maneuver included a posterior pelvic tilt, a traditional abdominal draw-in maneuver, and a vibration sensory feedback device. Voluntary abdominal contraction using the vibration sensory feedback device was performed by the subjects for more than 1 hour per day, 5 times per week, for 6 weeks along with common low back pain treatment. Electromyographic signals in the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinae (ES) muscles were measured to compare muscle activation. The degree of pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and functional capacity was measured using the Korea Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI). All results were compared to the means before and after intervention. Results: After the intervention, the RA, EO, and IO showed increased muscle activation and the ES showed decreased muscle activation. The visual analogue scale decreased after intervention and the K-ODI decreased after intervention. Conclusion: Modified abdominal draw-in maneuvers in daily life combined with therapeutic exercises may be effective in relieving pain and dysfunctions in chronic low back pain patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was functional leg length inequality effect on COP(Center Of Pressure) and LOS(limits Of Stability) and EMG activation. Methods: The participants were consisted of fourteen. Subjects were distributed 2 groups; control group, leg length inequality ≤3mm, n=8), experimental group(leg length inequality≥10mm, n=8). The participants were measured leg length wearing comfortable clothes through tape measure method(TMM). All subjects was measured COP(Center Of Pressure), LOS(limits of stability) using by Balance Trainer BT4(HUR, Finland). Results: The results COP was not exist statistical significant differences(p>0.05). LOS was not exist statistical significant difference(p>0.05). Conclusion: The results was not statistical significant differences COP and LOS depending on Leg Length Inequality. But between experimental group and comparison group was exist mean differences on COP, LOS(COP:Ex. ＞Com, LOS:Ex. <Com/excepted some data). Somewhat COP and LOS was affected on by Leg Length Inequality. Balance is affected on Leg Length Inequality partly.

The stability of the genetically engineered microorganisms and their recombinant plasmids released in natural environments has been regarded as one of the molecular ecological topics. In this study, the recombinant plasmids pCU103 in which the pcbCD genes involved in biodegradation of biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl were cloned in pBluescript SK(+) vector, were examined for their structural and functional stability in different waters at 15 $^{\circ}C$ by the methods of electrophoresis, Southern hybridization, quantification with fluorescent dye, and transformation. The recombinant plamids maintained their stabilities for about 30 days in sterilized distilled water (SDW), 15 days in autoclaved creek water (AW), 25 days in filtered and autoclaved non-sterile creek water (FAW), 4 days in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth, and less than one day in filtered non-sterile creek water (FW). The covalently closed circular (CCC) form of the plasmid was decreased and open circular (OC) form was increased as a function of incubation time, and then linear (L) form was produced to be ultimately degraded out. The degradation rates of the plasmid were proportionally correlated to trophic level of the water, and the biological factor such as DNases was found to be one of the most critical factors affecting structural and functional stability of the plasmid in non-sterile natural water.

All natures and things of this world make a fixed ratio. Geumgang ratio, the iIndignous formative ratio of Korea is simple, stable, and practical as well as having aesthetic factors of golden ratio, so has been applied to design of building, work of art, and househld item, etc. This study carried out to examine the distinctiveness based on an analysis on various cases of Geumgang ratio and to compare and analyze the link between molecular structure and function through a case study on Geumgang ratio discovered in biomolecular structure such as nucleic acid, protein, and ribonucleoprotein forming biosystem. Geumgang ratio was found in ancient remains, traditional buildings, traditional furnitures and household Items in this country and in nature such as pruning of syconus and petal number of plants getting out of Fibonacci number. The ratio could be found in the biomolecular structure such as nucleic acid, zymoprotein and ribonucleoprotein. Based on the results obtained in this study, it has been considered Geumgang ratio could be served for not only industrial design of commercial item but also the molecular design of new drug such as anticancer and biologically active agents. In Advance, the more detailed researches on having visual data on the level of nanoscale using electron microscope(EM) or scanning tunneling microscope(STM) would be needed for the practical application to biomedical field.