Earticle

The purpose of this study is to address what Ken Yeang's void space is, which has direct connection between inside and outside place of the buildings, means in the process of planning skyscraper, how it has architectural significance in the viewpoint of eco-friendly structures, and what is the definite function of those. The reason why his works has been chosen is that he had shown distinctive and experimental void space making skyscrapers have more eco-friendly factors. Selections of his works in this study are buildings showing significant utilization of voids as the ecological factor constructed after 1990 which is the very time that the notion of ecological architecture arise. The result of this study should be a proposal to built eco-friendly skyscraper which is essential in compact domestic city.

본 연구는 제주의 친환경성이 지역자원을 가공하여 제품화시키기에 적합한 이미지로 인식되고 있는지 살펴보 고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 ‘삼다수’라는 제주 지역브랜드와 ‘제주마씸, 해올렛 등’ 다양한 제주 공동브랜드에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있으며, 이들간에 신뢰전이가 발생하는지 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과 제주의 친환경성은 지역자원-가공제품의 적합성에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있으며, 지역브랜드 신뢰와 공동브랜드 신뢰에도 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지역자원-가공제품의 적합성은 제 주 대표브랜드 신뢰와 제주 공동브랜드 신뢰에도 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 특히 제주 지역브랜드 신뢰와 공동브랜드 신뢰 간에 신뢰전이가 발생하는 것이 확인되었다. 이를 통해 지역자 원과 지역제품의 적합성을 높이기 위해서는 지역제품의 우수성을 인정하게 하는 친환경 요인의 노출을 전략 적으로 수행함으로써 제주에서 생산되는 제품에 신뢰가 전이되게 하는 과정이 체계적으로 이루어져야 함을 보여주고 있다.

This study was performed to know that people regard Jeju eco-friendly of exposure as suitable image to process regional resources and make items by using regional resources. For this, we verified this exposure has an influence on Jeju regional brand such as ‘Samdasu’, and various Jeju Co-brand such as ‘Jejumassim, Haeallet, etc’ and Trust Transfer happens between Jeju regional brand and Jeju Co-brand. As a result of proof analysis, Jeju eco-friendly exposure has a positive influence on both Fitness of regional resources-processed goods, and trust about Jeju regional brand and Jeju Co-brand. Moreover, Fitness of regional resource-processed goods has a positive influence on trust about Jeju regional brand and Jeju Co-brand. Especially, we make sure that Trust Transfer happens between trust about Jeju regional brand and Jeju Co-brand. To boost the Fitness of regional resources and regional goods, this study shows that procedure which transfer trust on goods made in Jeju must be carried out systematically by strategically performing the eco-friendly factors exposure to recognize the excellence of regional goods.

잉크, 종이, 기타 피인쇄체 재료, 핫 멜트 등 다양한 인쇄 재료에 대한 친환경 재료가 연구 및 개발되어지고 있으며 점차 그 범주를 넓혀 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 인쇄 산 업의 친환경 및 소재 재활용에 대한 끊임없는 노력과 함께 한정된 자원의 소비를 줄이 고 재활용을 통한 친환경성을 강화하여 더 나은 환경을 만들기 위한 노력의 일환으로 수행되었다. 다른 인쇄 재료 중 친환경 핫 멜트의 적용 확대 및 재활용을 고려하여 연 구는 1) 제책용 친환경 핫 멜트 개발 및 적용, 2) 포장재용 핫 멜트 개발, 특성화 및 재 활용성 분석 사항에 중점을 둔다. 제책용 친환경 핫 멜트는 천연 수지 조성을 높여 유해 물질 발생을 최소화하여 독성 을 낮게 제작하였다. 연화점, 용융점도, 붙임 시간, 응결 시간, 경도, 내한성, 열 안정성은 시판되는 핫 멜트와 비교 분석하였다. 또한 제품은 높은 생산 안정성과 더불어 우수 한 접착력을 가졌다. 포장용 핫 멜트는 자원 재활용과 친환경성을 고려하여 제작되었 다. 재활용성, 생산 안전성, 접착력 및 내열성이 향상된 포장용 상용 핫 멜트와 거의 동 일한 특성을 가졌다. 수집된 데이터는 친환경 핫 멜트 개발이 가능하여 포장 산업 내 자원 순환 정책에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 결론을 내렸다. 따라서 이 주제에 대한 추가 연구는 보다 친환경적인 핫 멜트 개발로 이어지고 잠재적인 어려움을 극복 하는 데 도움이 될 것이다.

Research and development on eco-friendly versions of various printing materials including ink, paper, print materials, and hot melt have been done, and their application has expanded. Along with continuous effort in eco-friendliness and material recycling in the printing industry, this research was done as part of an effort to create better environment by reducing the consumption of limited resources and enforcing eco-friendliness through recycling. Considering the expansion of the application and recycling of eco-friendly hot melt among other printing materials, the research focuses on: 1) development and application of eco-friendly hot melt for bookbinding, and 2) development and characterization of hot melt for packaging materials and analysis of its recyclability. The eco-friendly hot melt for bookbinding was produced with lower toxicity by increasing the natural resin composition, minimizing the occurrence of harmful substances. Its softening-point, molten viscosity, open time, setting time, hardness, cold resistance, and heat-stability were tested in comparison to commercially available hot melts. In addition, the product had good adhesive strength with high production stability. The packaging hot melt was produced in consideration of resource recycling and eco-friendliness. It had almost identical properties as the commercial hot melts for packaging with increased recyclability, production safety, adhesive strength, and heat resistance. The collected data concludes that it is possible to develop eco-friendly hot melts and thereby impose positive impacts on resource circulation policies within the packaging industry. Therefore, further study on this subject matter would lead to the development of more eco-friendly hot melts and help overcome potential difficulties.

현재 환경 지속 가능성에 대한 인식이 전 세계적으로 심화됨에 따라 친환경 차량에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이에 많은 국가 및 기업에서 친환경 차량에 투자하고 시장이 활성화되고 있다. 하지만 한국 수소차 시장의 경우 역성장을 이루었다. 본 연구는 수소차의 기술적 장점과 현재 국내 수소차 시장의 인프라 부족 문제를 조명하며, 효과적인 한국 수소차 시장 활성화를 목표로 한다. 텍스트 마이닝 기법과 인터뷰를 이용한 혼합방법론을 활용하여 수소차와 관련된 뉴스 및 유튜브 댓글들과 자동차 전문가 및 일반 시민들의 친환경 차에 대한 인터뷰를 통해 수소차에 필요한 주요 요인들을 도출한다. 이번 연구를 통해 많은 국민들의 친환경 자동차에 대한 인식 개선과 정부 및 기업의 수소차 확대를 위해 나아가야 할 방향을 제시한다. 본 연구는 혼합 연구 방법론을 통한 수소차 활성화 방안을 탐구함으로써 국내 수소차 관련 연구를 확장하며, 빅데이터를 활용하여 자동차 산업 분석의 학문적 및 실무적 장벽을 허물었다는 것에 학술적 의의가 있다. 또한 본 연구 결과는 이용자와 전문가 의견을 수집하여 주요 문제점을 도출하고, 정부와 기업이 사용할 수 있는 구체적인 해결 전략을 제시하여 실무적 및 사회적 측면에 기여한다.

As global awareness of environmental sustainability intensifies, the demand for eco-friendly vehicles is on the rise, prompting many nations and corporations to invest in and activate these markets. However, the South Korean hydrogen vehicle market has experienced a contraction. This study highlights the technical advantages of hydrogen vehicles and the current infrastructure deficiencies in the domestic market, aiming to activate the South Korean hydrogen vehicle market effectively. Using a mixed-methods approach that combines text mining and interviews, this research extracts key factors necessary for hydrogen vehicles by analyzing related news, YouTube comments, and interviews with automotive experts and the general public on eco-friendly cars. The study proposes directions for enhancing public perception of eco-friendly vehicles and for governmental and corporate expansion of hydrogen vehicles. This research contributes academically by extending domestic research on hydrogen vehicles through a mixed-methods approach and breaking down scholarly and practical barriers in automotive industry analysis using big data. Furthermore, the results gather user and expert opinions to identify major issues and propose concrete strategies for government and corporations, contributing to practical and social aspects.

[목적] 골프장 경영에 필요한 그리마케팅 요인과 고객만족, 재방문 간의 구조적 관계를 분석해 골프장의 미래 경영에 필요한 마케팅 방안을 모색하고 제안하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. [방법] 결과 도출을 위해 수집한 설문지를 중심으로 SPSS Ver. 24.0과 AMOS Ver. 24.0을 활용하여 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 가설을 검증하도록 하였고, 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. [결과] 도출된 결과를 살펴보면 골프장의 그린마케팅 활동 중 그린에너지, 그린제품, 친환경 프로그램은 고객만족과 재방문에 유의미한 긍정적인 구조관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 골프장의 효 율적인 경영을 위해서는 그린마케팅 노력이 필요하며, 고객들의 만족도를 높이는 기회가 될 것이다. 나아가 고객들 의 재방문 또한 높이는 것으로 나타나 골프장 경영에 효율적인 방안으로 그리마케팅 요인을 활용해야 하며, 본 연구 의 결과가 이를 증명하는 것으로 판단된다.

[Purpose] The purpose of the study is to analyze the structural relationship between gris marketing factors necessary for golf course management, customer satisfaction, and revisit to find and propose marketing measures necessary for future management of golf courses. [Method] Based on the questionnaire collected to derive the results, SPSS Ver. 24.0 and AMOS Ver. 24.0 were used to verify the hypothesis through structural equation model analysis, and all statistical significance levels were p<.05. [Result] Looking at the derived results, it was found that green energy, green products, and eco-friendly programs among green marketing activities of golf courses had a significant positive structural relationship with customer satisfaction and revisit. [Conclusion] Green marketing efforts are needed for the efficient management of the golf course, and it will be an opportunity to increase customer satisfaction. Furthermore, it is believed that the revisit of customers is also increasing, and the Grim Marketing factor should be used as an efficient method for golf course management, and the results of this study prove this.

본 연구에서는 하수처리장의 부하 저감을 위해 음식물쓰레기 침출수와 액상 미생물 제제를 반응시켜 부하 저감 평가 를 하고자 한다. 음식물 찌꺼기 표준시료와 물을 혼합하여 분쇄 후 0.3mm mesh에 체거름하여 탈리액을 생성하였으며, 여기에 액상 미생물 제제인 eco-A, eco-C, eco-D, eco-E를 각각 6시간 동안 반응시켜 TCODcr과 SCODcr을 분석하였다. 그 결과 eco-C와 반응한 탈리액의 TCODcr, SCODcr의 감소율이 가장 높았으나 대조군과 비교 시 큰 효율이 나타나지 않 았으며, 이에 따라 하수처리장의 반송슬러지를 첨가하여 추가실험을 수행하였다. 반송슬러지를 첨가 실험을 수행 결과 마 찬가지로 eco-C의 저감 효율이 가장 높았으며, eco-C에는 Shinella 균주가 가장 높은 분류 구성을 나타내고 있으며, 반송 슬러지와 높은 반응성을 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 액상 미생물 제제 eco-C와 반송슬러지를 혼합시켜 하수관에 직 투입하면 음식물쓰레기 침출수로 인한 하수처리장의 부하 저감이 가능할 것으로 판단되나, 상용화 수준으로 되기 위해서 는 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

In this study, in order to reduce the load of sewage treatment plants, the load reduction evaluation is conducted by reacting food waste leachate with liquid microbial agents. The standard food sample and water were mixed, crushed, sieve-filtrated at 0.3mm mesh to produce a desorption solution, and the liquid microbial agents eco-A, eco-C, eco-D, and eco-E were reacted for 6 hours, respectively, to analyze TCODcr and SCODcr. As a result, TCODcr and SCODcr of the desorbed solution reacted with eco-C were the highest, but the efficiency was not significant compared to the control group, and accordingly, additional experiments were performed by adding returned activated sludge from the sewage treatment plant. The experiment to add returned activated sludge showed that eco-C had the highest reduction efficiency, the Shinella strain had the highest classification configuration in eco-C, and high reactivity with returned activated sludge. Therefore, it is judged that the load of the sewage treatment plant due to food waste leachate can be reduced by mixing the liquid microbial agent eco-C and the returned activated sludge directly into the sewage pipe, but further research is needed to achieve commercialization level.

This study focuses to develop the E-co friendly building materials instead of the usage of the cement building materials. Also the motive for the study is to notice a serious aspect of environment pollution, discharge problem from lots of waste, the consumption amount of energies by currently aggressive construction activities. Through the experiment on a environment capacity of the wood frame, I hope to present that its possibility to use in modern buildings for man's environment. In the near future, we look forward to using the research by base date about thermal characteristic and thermal environment of the wood frame. Finally I think that many researches about Eco-friendly materials fitted for human life should be progressed actively.

Post-COVID-19, eco-friendly pop-up stores have emerged as a dynamic and experiential extension of outdoor advertising, capturing the attention of global consumers, including Chinese tourists. While these short-term retail spaces effectively communicate brand values, they also raise environmental concerns, underscoring the need for ESG-aligned solutions. This study applies the S-O-R theory to investigate the characteristics of pop-up store, their perceived eco-friendly attributes, and their impact on perceived value, eco-consciousness, and the intention to visit. Based on a survey of 244 Chinese tourists with experience traveling to Korea, the findings reveal that pop-up store characteristics and eco-friendly attributes significantly enhance perceived emotional and social value. In turn, perceived value positively influences both eco-consciousness and visit intention. Eco-consciousness further serves as a partial mediator between perceived value and visit intention, while FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) moderates this relationship, amplifying the influence of perceived value on behavioral intent. These results highlight the potential of eco-friendly pop-up stores as a sustainable outdoor advertising strategy, leveraging unique and engaging consumer experiences to drive visitation. This study offers actionable insights for aligning pop-up store marketing with environmental objectives and enhancing their role as interactive, sustainable platforms for global consumer engagement.

Revealing customer satisfaction through big social data has been an interesting research topic in tourism and hospitality. Big data analysis is an effective way to detect customers’ behaviors in their decision-making. This study aims to perform big social data analysis to reveal whether food quality impacts the relationship between hotel performance criteria and travelers’ satisfaction. A two-stage methodology is developed to address the objectives of this study. The findings demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between eco-friendly hotels’ performance criteria and satisfaction. The results and implications for managers and future research directions are discussed.

본 연구의 목적은 환경문제 인식, 친환경 태도, 친환경 간호수행의 상관관계를 알고자 하는데 있다. 191명의 병원 간호사가 2012년 10월부터 11월까지 자기기입식 설문을 작성하였으며, 자료 분석은 t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson 상관관계, multiple regression analysis를 사용하였다. 설문은 환경문제인식, 친환경태도, 친환경보건관리로 구성되었고, 환경문제인식 (r=.46, p<.001), 친환경태도 (r=.36, p<.001), 친환경 보건관리 사이에 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 변수들에 대한 설명력은 35.0%였다. 본 연구를 통해 국내 병원 간호사의 환경문제와 친환경태도에 대한 인식도를 향상시킬 필요가 있음을 증명하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 병원 간호사의 친환경 간호수행을 향상시키기 위한 병원 내 친환경 프로그램 개발 연구를 제언한다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between environment problem recognition, eco-friendly attitude, and eco-friendly nursing practice. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 191 hospital nurses from October to November, 2012. The data were analyzed through t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. There was a positive correlation between environment problem recognition (r=.46, p<.001), eco-friendly attitude (r=.36, p<.001), and eco-friendly health care in the hospital nurses. The explanatory power of the variables accounted for 35.0%. This study indicated that it is necessary to promote the awareness towards environment problem and eco-friendly attitude in the hospital nurses in Korea.

This study focuses on isolating and characterizing novel polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerase-producing bacteria to enable efficient PHB biodegradation. PHB is a promising biodegradable alternative to petroleum-based plastics, requires PHB depolymerase to facilitate its effective depolymerization and mineralization in the environment. We identified Janibacter terrae COS4-44 from oil contaminated tidal flat in Taean, Republic of Korea, demonstrating high PHB degradation efficiency via clear zone formation and enzymatic activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed increased surface roughness and porosity in degraded PHB films, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the cleavage of ester bonds, indicating enzymatic breakdown. The PHB depolymerase gene was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli, yielding a functional 58 kDa enzyme. Optimal degradation conditions were 40°C, pH 8.0, and 96 h incubation, with 0.15% PHB concentration. Glucose and yeast extract enhanced enzyme activity, whereas heavy metals like Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ slightly stimulated depolymerase production. These findings highlight Janibacter terrae COS4-44 as a potent PHB degrader, offering potential for sustainable plastic waste management. Further research on degradation metabolites and enzyme engineering could enhance industrial applications.

목적: 하이브리드 코팅 기술을 사용하여 전분을 마그네슘 미리스테이트(magnesium myristate) 및 라우릴 라이신(lauryl lysine)으로 코팅하여 메이크업 화장품용 분체 소재를 개발하였다. PlanCare는 내수성이 뛰어난 분체이며, Neo Beads는 플라스틱 비드를 대체 할 수 있는 소재로 기대된다. 두 소재 모두 생분해성이 뛰어나고 친환경적인 화장품 원료로서의 가능성을 갖고 있다. 방법: 생분해 성을 비교하기 위해 아밀레이즈를 이용한 전분 가수분해 실험과 세포 생존율 시험을 수행하였으며, 감자 전분과 비교하였다. 또한, 안정성 평가를 위해 시료를 4℃, 25℃, 55℃, -20℃ 및 자연광 환경에서 5개월간 보관한 후, 색차계를 이용하여 색 차이(ΔE)를 측 정하였다. 결과: 아밀레이즈 전분 가수분해 시험 결과, 하이브리드 코팅 기술을 적용한 마그네슘 미리스테이트 코팅 PlanCare는 전 분과 유사한 생분해능을 나타내었다. 다른 PlanCare 시료 및 Neo Beads 또한 생분해능이 확인되었다. 색차계 분석 결과, PlanCare 는 보관 온도 및 기간과 관계없이 5개월 동안 전분과 유사한 안정성을 유지하는 것으로 나타났다. Neo Beads 또한 모든 보관 조건 에서 안정성을 유지하였다. ΔE 값은 L*, a*, b*의 총 색 차이를 나타내며, 색 안정성 평가에 활용될 수 있다. 5개월간 ΔE 값을 비교 한 결과, 1.5-3.0 범위에서는 색 차이가 거의 인지되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. PlanCare 및 Neo Beads의 ΔE는 2.0 이하로 유지되 어 안정성이 확인되었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 PlanCare 및 Neo Beads는 친환경적 생분해능 특성을 갖춘 화장품 소재를 개발하였다. 미세플라스틱의 위험성에 대한 문제가 대두되어 미세플라스틱 대체에 집중하고 있는 화장품 산업사회에서 생분해성을 지닌 친환경 화장품 소재로 응용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

Purpose: Starch was coated with magnesium myristate and lauroyl lysine using hybrid coating technology to develop powder materials for makeup cosmetics. PlanCare are water-resistant powders, and Neo Beads may replace plastic beads. Both are biodegradable and ecofriendly materials with potential applications in the cosmetic industry. Methods: Starch hydrolysis using amylase and cell viability test were conducted for comparison with starch. Stability test was conducted by measuring the color differences using a colorimeter after storing the samples for 5 months at 4°C, 25°C, 55°C, and −20°C and under daylight conditions. Results: The amylase assay confirmed that the powder material (PlanCare), coated with magnesium myristate using hybrid coating technology, exhibited a biodegradation rate similar to that of starch. The biodegradability of other PlanCare samples and Neo Beads was also demonstrated. Colorimetric analysis demonstrated that PlanCare maintained stability for 5 months, similar to starch, irrespective of storage temperature and duration. Neo Beads also remained stable irrespective of storage conditions. As the ΔE value represents the total color difference in L*, a*, and b*, it can be used to evaluate color stability. A 5-month comparison showed that it is generally difficult to perceive a range of 1.5–3.0. Both PlanCare and Neo Beads maintained ΔE values at <2.0, confirming their stability. Conclusion: Due to the increasing concerns on the risks posed by microplastics, the cosmetic industry is focusing on alternatives. PlanCare and Neo Beads demonstrated their potential as biodegradable and ecofriendly cosmetic materials.

目的: 利用混合涂层技术，淀粉被肉豆蔻酸镁和月桂酰赖氨酸包裹，开发出用于彩妆的粉末材料。PlanCare是 防水粉末，而Neo Beads可以替代塑料珠。这两种材料都是可生物降解的环保材料，在化妆品行业具有潜在的 应用前景。方法: 使用淀粉酶进行淀粉水解，并进行细胞活力测试，与淀粉进行比较。稳定性测试：将样品在 4℃、25℃、55℃、-20℃和日光条件下储存5个月后，用比色计测量色差。结果: 淀粉酶测定证实，采用混合包 衣技术包覆肉豆蔻酸镁的粉末材料(PlanCare)的生物降解速率与淀粉相似。本研究还证明了其他PlanCare样品 和Neo Beads的生物降解性。比色分析表明，PlanCare在5个月内保持稳定性，与淀粉相似，不受储存温度和储 存时间的影响。Neo Beads在任何储存条件下均保持稳定。由于ΔE值代表L*、a*和b*的总色差，因此可用于评 估颜色稳定性。5个月的比较表明，通常难以察觉1.5至3.0之间的色差。PlanCare和Neo Beads均将ΔE值保持 在<2.0，证明了它们的稳定性。结论: 由于人们日益担忧微塑料带来的风险，化妆品行业正致力于寻找替代品。 PlanCare和Neo Beads展示了其作为可生物降解、环保化妆品材料的潜力。

Various eco-friendly materials are being developed to meet global environmental demand. Among them, multi-purpose alternatives such as eco-friendly packaging, building materials, leather, and large sports using mushroom mycelium are under research and development, and mycelium composite materials, a combination of biomass and mycelium, can be physically and chemically treated to control physical properties. In this study, we investigated the use of Trametes orientalis mycelium as a substitute for wood panels and extended polystyrene (EPS) in packaging and insulation. The compressive strength of mushroom materials was higher than EPS (Korean Standard Bead Act No. 3), which is widely used in daily life. In addition, low heat dissipation showed high safety when exposed to fire, and the density of mushroom materials was similar to that of EPS. Mushroom materials are biodegradable materials and are expected to replace materials such as EPS by reducing weight and improving function

This study examined the location of eco-friendly landscape plant complex and the legal restrictions on the installation of eco-friendly facilities. First, we identified the special-purpose area status of major landscape plant nurseries in Korea, analyzed the potential for designating them as rural convergence industrial districts in the future, and assessed the possibility of introducing complex facilities based on special-purpose area regulations, including building height and floor area ratio restrictions. Next, we reviewed whether laws pertaining to licensing and eco-friendly facilities require the installation of such facilities in the creation and operation of the nurseries. This study confirmed that when creating an eco-friendly landscape plant complex, the legal review should proceed as follows: identification of the target site’s special-purpose area, analysis of the target site’s urban planning ordinance, and review of the floor area ratio, building coverage ratio, and permissible facilities according to the ordinance. This study will help to efficiently address constraints on the installation of related facilities in the future by reviewing the legal considerations for the creation and operation of eco-friendly landscape plant complex under Korean law.

Recently, as the number of landscaping plant nurseries have increased, environmental problems such as topographical damage due to indiscriminate changes in land use, increased non-point pollution, and increased impervious areas are also occurring. In this study, we propose eco-friendly facilities and a detailed maintenance manual that can enhance the eco-friendliness and scenic beauty of landscaping plant nurseries that are increasingly located near cities. By exploring previous reports on eco-friendly facilities and related laws, we cataloged the types of eco-friendly facilities, and by referring to examples of eco-friendly facilities introduced in overseas cases and the environmental functions of agriculture, we cataloged the types of eco-friendly facilities suitable for introduction in plant nurseries. The selected facilities are rain gardens, tree boxes, vegetated filter beds, bio-retention, infiltration trench, infiltration tanks, permeable pavements, and sand filtration systems. The maintenance tasks of eco-friendly facilities were categorized and management plans were proposed, which is expected to be utilized as a basic data to prepare eco-friendly space planning and operation management plans when creating a landscape plant nurseries in the future.

목적: 본 연구는 화장품 판매점의 고객을 대상으로 화장품 기업의 친환경 활동이 지각된 이미지를 매개로 화장품 구매의도에 미치 는 영향을 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 방법: 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 2019년 9월, 화장품 판매점 4곳의 고객을 대상으로 설문 조 사하였다. 총 308부가 분석에 사용되었다. 결과: 소벨 검증결과 원료 는 지각된 이미지를 매개로 한 화장품 구매의도의 검증 값이 3.661 (p<0.05), 제조과정은 지각된 이미지를 매개로 한 화장품 구매의도의 경우 2.983 (p<0.05), 유통의 경우 지각된 이미지를 매 개로 한 화장품 구매 의도는 2.010 (p<0.05), 포장의 경우 지각된 이미지를 매개로 한 화장품 구매의도의 경우 0.964 (p<0.001), 재 순환의 경우 지각된 이미지를 매개로 한 화장품 구매의도의 검증 값이 0.825 (p<0.001)로 모든 항목에서 지각된 이미지의 매개 효 과가 유의미한 것으로 검증되었다. 결론: 기업은 친환경 기업의 이미지를 구축하기 위해 다양한 친환경 활동을 개발하고, 이를 기업 의 경영이념에 삽입하여 지속적으로 실천하여야 한다

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a cosmetic company’s eco-friendly activities on purchase intention for cosmetics through the mediating effects of perceived image. Methods: To accomplish this objective, a literature review and a questionnaire survey were performed. Random sampling was conducted in September 2019 in four cosmetics Seoul and Kyunggi area stores. Out of 400 questionnaires, 308 were analyzed using PASW Statistics by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 software. The frequency, reliability, validity were measured and the root mean square error of approximation, root mean square residual, goodness-of-fit index, normed fit index, Tucker-Lewis index, comparative fit index, and Sobel testing were conducted. The Cronbach’s alpha value was measured at 0.748 and 0.801. Results: The results of Sobel testing verification for the intermediate path was 3.661 (p <0.05) on basal material affecting customers’ purchase intention for cosmetics mediating the effect of perceived image, 2.983 (p <0.05) for the manufacturing process affecting purchase intention for cosmetics mediating the effect of perceived image, 2.010 (p <0.05) for distribution affecting the purchase intention for cosmetics mediating the effect of perceived image, 0.964 (p <0.001) for packaging affecting purchase intention for cosmetics mediating the effect of perceived image, and 0.825 (p <0.001) for recycling affecting the purchase intention for cosmetics mediating the effect of perceived image. Conclusion: Cosmetic companies should persist with their ecofriendly activities for forming their perceived image with consumers. It can be helpful to increase their eco-friendly image and to increase customers’ purchasing intention for cosmetics.

目的: 本研究旨在通过知觉形象的中介效应，探讨化妆品公司环保活动对消费者购买意愿的影响。方法: 本文采 用文献资料法和问卷调查法来进行研究。2019年9月，在首尔和京畿区的四家化妆品商店进行了随机抽样。在 400份问卷中，308份采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 19.0）和amos19.0进行统计分析。测量频率、信度、 效度，并进行近似均方根误差、均方根残差、拟合优度指数、标准拟合指数、塔克-刘易斯指数、比较拟合指 数和Sobel检验来进行数据分析。Cronbach的α值分别为0.748和0.801。结果: 中间路径的Sobel检验验证结 果为：影响消费者购买意愿的基础材料对感知形象的中介作用为3.661（p <0.05），影响消费者购买意愿的制 造过程对感知形象的中介作用为2.983（p <0.05），在流通方面，以感知形象为媒介的化妆品购买意图为2.10 （p <0.05），包装方面以感知形象为媒介的化妆品购买意图为0.964（p <0.001），再循环的情况下，以感知 形象为媒介的化妆品购买意图的验证值为0.825（p <0.001），证明了所有项目中，感知形象的媒介效果是显著 的。结论: 化妆品企业应坚持绿色环保活动，树立消费者形象。有助于提高消费者的环保形象，增加消费者对化 妆品的购买意愿。

전 세계적으로 환경에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 현 시점에서 정부는 항만산업을 환경오염을 유발하는 주요 산업으로 인지하고 이를 개선하기 위한 친환경 항만 정책을 제시하였다. 본 연 구에서는 정부에서 제시한 친환경 항만 정책 중 우리나라 5위 무역항인 평택당진항에 적용되 는 정책을 대상으로 평택당진항 이용자들이 인식하는 정책의 중요도를 평가하였다. 정책의 중요도를 평가하기 위해 AHP기법을 활용하였으며, 주요 항만 이용자인 선사와 하역사 를 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 선사와 하역사 모두 하역시스템과 관련된 친환경 항 만 정책이 타 정책에 비해 효과가 높을 것으로 인식하였고, 세부적으로는 육상전원공급시설 도입과 하역장비의 친환경 연료 교체의 중요도가 높게 평가되었다. 이러한 분석결과에 대해 본 연구에서는 친환경 항만 인프라 확충을 위한 단계적인 실행과 함 께 전후방산업의 적극적인 참여를 위한 대책 마련의 필요성을 주장하였다. 또한 정부의 규제 정책에 대한 기업의 부담이 가중되고 있어 이를 개선하기 위한 세제 혜택 및 자금 지원 방안의 필요성을 제안하였다.

Purpose : The aim of this study is to analyze importance for six eco-friendly port policies that applied to Pyeonataek-Dangjin port by users and suggest implication. Research design, data, methodology : AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique was used for the analysis of the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted on three eco-friendly port policies related to transportation systems and three eco-friendly port policies related to loading and unlading systems for users of Pyeongtaek-Dangjin port. Results : As a result of conducting the AHP analysis based on the responses of the survey, port users recognized that the eco-friendly port policy related to the loading and unloading system is more important than others. In detail, Establishing Alternative Maritime Power supply(AMP) and Supporting Eco-Friendly Fuel Replacement for Port Unloading Equipment are more important and effective than other policies. Conclusions : In order to develop into an eco-friendly port, it suggested that government support for expanding related infrastructure is essential, and tax benefits and funding are needed to support companies' related infrastructure rather than government regulations.

Over the past decade, the hotel industry has made significant strides in environmental sustainability by implementing eco-friendly practices such as water and energy conservation, recycling, and air quality preservation. This study uses online reviews as the primary data source to explore key factors influencing customer satisfaction and experiences in eco-friendly hotels in Nepal. A total of 16,794 reviews were collected from the top 13 eco-friendly hotels via Google.com using an instant data scraper. After filtering and processing, 7,899 relevant words were analyzed using text mining and semantic network analysis. The frequency analysis of the 100 most common words highlighted essential aspects of guest satisfaction, such as excellent service, quality amenities, nature, and peaceful environments, priorities frequently mentioned in guest feedback. Keyword visualization revealed that central terms like place, room, staff, and service were key hubs shaping customer perceptions. The CONCOR analysis identified four main clusters: outdoor adventure, guest experience, location, and hotel facilities, providing insight into what customers value most during their stays. Findings showed that scenic locations, opportunities for outdoor adventure, and high-quality facilities significantly enhance guest satisfaction in Nepalese eco-friendly hotels. At the same time, the study demonstrates a slowly growing preference for sustainable tourism, reflected by frequent mentions of terms like eco, nature, park, and green. This study's reliance on a single data source (Google.com) poses a limitation. Additionally, anonymous reviews may introduce bias through fake or manipulated content. Nonetheless, eco-friendly hotels can better meet guest expectations and support environmentally conscious tourism by focusing on sustainability and enhancing service quality.