Earticle

본 연구는 AR 스포츠(HADO) 경기장의 서비스스케이프가 참가자의 운동몰입과 운동지속의도에 미치는 영향력 을 실증적으로 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 HADO 이용 경험이 있는 청소년 및 성인 203명을 대상으로 설문조사 를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 상관관계분석과 다중회귀분석을 통해 검증되었다. 연구 결과는 첫째, AR 스포츠 경기장 의 서비스스케이프 하위요인인 청결성, 접근성, 인적성은 모두 운동몰입에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 다. 둘째, 서비스스케이프의 모든 하위요인은 운동지속의도에도 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 참가자가 지각하는 운동몰입은 운동지속의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 AR 스포츠 경기장의 서비스 스케이프는 참가자의 심리적 몰입을 강화하고 지속적인 참여를 유도하는 핵심 기제임이 확인되었으며, 이를 토대로 현장 운영자의 질적 관리 및 정책적 지원의 필요성을 시사한다.

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of the servicescape of Augmented Reality (AR) sports venues on participants' exercise commitment and exercise adherence intention, focusing on the case of HADO. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 203 adolescents and adults with prior experience in HADO. The collected data were analyzed using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis to test the research hypotheses. The key findings of this study are as follows: First, all sub-factors of the AR sports servicescape—cleanliness, accessibility, and professional service—exerted a significant positive (+) influence on exercise commitment. Second, every sub-factor of the servicescape also had a significant positive (+) effect on exercise adherence intention. Third, the exercise commitment perceived by participants was confirmed to have a significant positive (+) impact on their exercise adherence intention. In conclusion, the servicescape of AR sports venues serves as a critical mechanism that enhances participants' psychological immersion and facilitates continuous participation. Based on these results, this study suggests the necessity of qualitative management by venue operators and systematic policy support to foster the AR sports environment.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to verify the structured path model which has the path influence of Task-Technology Fit(TTF) and Personal Innnovativenesss(PIIT) on organizational work achievement(OA). This study also tested the moderating effect of occupations on the paths. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to 300 study subjects. A structural equation path model was used. Results: The response rate was 99.9%. The model fit were GFI=.93, and RMSEA=.04. The models between equal and unequal path weight constraint were significantly different (p<.05). These paths were significant for nurses: TTF→IPKS(interpersonal knowledge-sharing)→IDKS(interdepartment knowledge-sharing) →OA and PIIT→IDKS→OA, for administrators: TTF→IPKS→IDKS, TTF→OA and PIIT→OA, and for physicians: TTF→IDKS and TTF→PA(personal achievement). Conclusions: TTF and PIIT significantly influenced knowledge-sharing and work achievement. Knowledge-sharing activities mediated the effect of TTF and PIIT on work achievements. All paths also had a moderating effect by medical professions.

Purpose: This study was performed to compare and analyze practice self-efficacy, paramedics image, and major satisfaction according to paramedic students practice experience. Methods: The subjects of this study were 224 paramedic students from universities across the country. The analysis methods were completed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program as the frequency percentage, mean±standard deviation, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. Results: It was found that students who experienced practical training had higher levels of practical self-efficacy compared to students who did not (adj OR=3.947, 95% CI=1.932-8.061). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is thought that educational strategies and measures in the absence of practice in the paramedic students.

본 연구는 연구개발특구진흥재단에서 시행하고 있는 연구소기업 제도의 정책서비스품질과 정책만족도간의 영향요인 조사를 통해 수혜기업의 정책서비스품질과 정책만족도간의 영향관계를 파악하였다. 또한 이들 영향관계에서 타 정책서비스 사용경험에 따른 조절효과를 파악하여 연구소기업사업의 정책만족도 향상과 공공기술사업화 활성화를 위한 정책적 제안을 도출하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구소기업사업에 참여하는 기업들에게 있어 자금지원서비스, 조세감면서비스, 기술정보서비스 모두 연구소기업 정책만족도의 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 연구소 기업의 정책만족도와 조세감면서비스와의 관계에서 타자금지원경험에 따른 조절효과는 양의 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 연구소 기업의 정책만족도와 조세감면서비스와의 관계에서 타조세감면경험에 따른 조절효과는 음의 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

This study identified the influence relationship between policy service quality and policy satisfaction of participating companies by examining the factors affecting the policy service quality and policy satisfaction of the research-based spin-off company implemented by the Korea Innovation Foundation. In addition, by identifying the moderating effect according to the experience of using other policy services in these influence relationships, policy proposals for improving the policy satisfaction of research institute business and promoting the public technology commercialization were derived. The research results are as follows. First, for companies participating in the research institute business, it was found that the financial support service, tax reduction service, and technology information service all had a positive effect on the policy satisfaction of research-based spin-off company. Second, it was found that the moderating effect according to the experience of other funding support had a positive moderating effect in the relationship between the policy satisfaction of research-based spin-off company and the tax reduction service. Third, it was found that the moderating effect according to the experience of other tax reductions and exemptions had a negative moderating effect in the relationship between the policy satisfaction of research-based spin-off company and the tax reduction service.

Purpose: This experimental study compared the chest compression quality, muscle activity, and subjective fatigue of paramedic students who did or did not wear a mask. Methods: The subjects of this study were 13 paramedic students at college D located in B city. Frequency percentages, mean standard deviations, and paired sample t-tests were conducted using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: This study revealed that chest compression depths (t=-2.151, p=.053) and compression rates (t=-2.714, p=.019) were higher in mask-wearers, while muscle activity and subjective fatigue (t=2.382, p=.035) of the erector spinae (t=7.082, p=.001), rectus abdominis (t=4.776, p=.001), and pectoralis major muscles (t=3.193, p=.008) were lower in mask-wearers. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as a basis to increase the resuscitation rates of cardiac arrest patients and provision of high-quality chest compressors to rescuers when infectious diseases recur in the future.

본 연구의 목적은 기업의 성공적인 리워드형 크라우드펀딩을 위한 요인과 전략을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 계획행동이론(TPB)의 기본 변수인 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동 통제 외에도 개인 혁신성과 위험 선호도를 확장 변 수로 추가하여, 확장된 계획행동이론(E-TPB)을 바탕으로 리워드형 크라우드펀딩의 투자 의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들 을 파악하고 요인들 간의 영향 관계를 살펴보았다. 또한, 리워드형 크라우드펀딩 경험의 조절 효과를 확인하였으며, 리워드형 크라우드펀딩의 개념에 대해 인지하고 있는 설문자를 대상으로 탐색적 요인분석과 다중 회귀분석을 진행하였 다. 가설을 검증한 결과 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동 통제, 위험 선호도는 리워드형 크라우드펀딩 투자 의도에 영향 을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 리워드형 크라우드펀딩 경험이 지각된 행동 통제와 위험 선호도가 투자 의도에 영향을 미치는 정도를 조절하는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 기업들이 자금조달과 판매 활성화 방안으로 사용할 수 있는 리워드형 크라우드펀딩의 성공을 높이는 방향성을 제시하여 학문적·실무적 의의가 있을 것으로 보인다.

The purpose of this study is to present factors and strategies for successful rewardedcrowdfunding of companies. For this, rewarded-crowdfunding based on the extended theory of planned behavior(E-TPB) by adding individual innovation and risk preference as extended variables, in addition to the basic variables of the theory of planned behavior(TPB), including attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. In addition, the moderating effect of rewarded-crowdfunding experience was confirmed. In addition, the moderating effect of the rewarded-crowdfunding experience was confirmed, and exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted for questionnaires who were aware of the concept of rewarded-crowdfunding. As a result of testing the hypothesis, it was found that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and risk preference affect the intention to invest in rewarded-crowdfunding. Also, we could find that perceived behavior control and risk preference were moderately influenced by investor who had experience in rewarded-crowdfunding. Based on the research results, it has academic and practical value by presenting the direction of enhancing the success of rewarded-crowdfunding that companies can use as a way to raise funds and boost sales.

본 연구는 합리적행위이론을 기반으로 액션러닝 기반 창의성 프로그램을 이수한 학생들의 문제해결의도에 영향 을 주는 요인들을 파악하고 이들 요인들 간의 영향관계를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 첫째 문제해결에 대한 주관적 규범은 문제해결의도에 긍정적 영향을 주었고, 둘째 문제해결에 대한 태도는 문제해결의도와 유의미한 영향관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째 액션러닝방법론을 적용한 특허출원교육 프로그램의 참여경험이 있는 학생의 경우 문제해결에 대한 태도 와 문제해결의도와의 관계에 있어 긍정적 영향효과를 주는 것으로 파악되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 대학생들의 창의성 기반이 되는 문제해결의도를 제고하기 위해서 대학 내 문제해결에 대한 긍정적 가치 공유의 확산과 아울러 학생들 자기 주도적 문제해결에 대한 긍정적 자세를 갖게 하는 것이 중요함을 확인하였다.

This study identified the factors that influence the problem solving intention of students who completed the action learning-based creativity programs based on the theory of reasoned action, and examined the influence relationship between these factors. As a result of the study, first, subjective norms of problem solving had a positive effect on problem solving intention, and second, attitude toward problem solving had a significant effect on problem solving intention. Third, it was found that students who had experience of participating in a patent education program applying the action learning methodology had a positive effect on the relationship between their attitude toward problem solving and their intention to solve the problem. These findings confirmed that in order to enhance the problem-solving intention, which is the basis for creativity of university students, it is important to spread the positive value of problem-solving within the university and to give students a positive attitude toward problem solving.

본 연구는 안전의식과 운수사고의 관련성을 총괄적으로 조사ž파악하기 위하여 시행되었으며 자료수집은 국민건 강영양조사 제 6기의 2차 년도(2014) 및 3차 년도(2015)부터 제 7기의 1차 년도(2016) 및 2차 년도(2017)까지의 원시 자료를 이용하였다. 연구대상은 국민건강영양조사의 사고·중독 경험자 중 운수사고 경험이 있는 421명을 대상으로 시 행하였으며, SPSS/WIN 23.0 Program를 이용하여 분석하였다. 일반적 특성과 안전의식 관련 특성은 빈도와 백분율을, 일반적 특성과 안전의식 관련 특성 여부에 따른 운수사고는 카이제곱검정을, 안전의식과 운수사고의 관련성을 파악하기 위해 로지스틱회귀분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 기초생활수급자일수록, 앞좌석에서 안전벨트를 착용하지 않을수록, 관 리자·전문가 및 관련 종사자일수록 운수사고와 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 향후 운수사고 환자 감소 및 운수 사고 관련 연구의 기초자료와 정책결정을 하는 데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

The study was conducted to investigate and identify safety awareness and traffic accident relation. Data collection used raw data from the 6th year(2014) to the 7th year(2017) of the National Health and Nutrition Survey. Subjects of the study were conducted on 421 people with experience in traffic accidents and the analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Data analysis determined safety awareness and traffic accident using frequency and ratio, Chi-Square, and logistics return analysis. The more Basic Living Allowance, the more do not Seat belts in the front seat of the car, the more Professional are related to traffic accidents. It is expected that this will contribute to making basic data for future studies related to reduction of traffic accident patients.

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to test fitness of the structured model of SNS activities for health information. Methods : A structured questionnaire were administered to 500 subjects. A structural equation model was applied to collected data. Results : The response rate was 73.9%. The respondents mostly used Facebook and KakaoStory. They spent 70 minutes per day and 21~30% of this usage was taken by health information. In the variances, those who has religion more actively exchanged information about diseases and medical institutions. The goodness-of-fit of the model was .81(GFI) and .90(CFI). The main path was bridging capital -> bonding capital -> credibility -> SNS activities for health information. The path from quality of sharing information to SNS activities was not significant. It could be explained by the restriction of digital literacy. Conclusions : SNS activities for health information were determined by credibility, currency and bonding social capital. Bridging social capital, indirectly, influenced SNS activities through bonding social capital. Thus building bonding social capital would be a critical success factor for SNS.

제조업 분야의 중소기업 영업이익률과 노동투입, 기술혁신의 관계를 분석한 결과, 영업이익률에 미치는 영향은 기술충격이 야기하는 생산성 향상의 효과가 더 크며 장기적이다. 기술충격은 약 20분기까지 영향을 미치며 중소기업의 영업 이익률을 0.19%p 상승시키나, 기술외충격의 효과는 약 6분기 후 소멸된다. 이 같은 효과는 “코크스 연탄 및 석유 정제품”, “고무제품 및 플라스틱 제품”, “1 차금속”, “기타 운송장비” 등 영업이익률이 지속적으로 하락하고 있는 업종에서 특히 우세하다. 분석 결과는 중소기업의 성과 제고를 위해 기술혁신을 통한 생 산성 향상이 중요하며, 양적 고용 목표 설정과 같은 고용확대 지원은 신중해야 함을 시사한다.

We quantify the dynamic effects of the technology and non-technology shocks on Korean manufacturing SMEs' operating income-to-sales. The technology shock pushes the income-to-sales beyond the initial level for five years. In contrast, the effect of the non-technology shock fades out in six quarters. These pictures are more evident in the sectors that have undergone the declining income-to-sales, such as "Cokes," "Rubber and plastic products," "Basic metal products," and "Other transport equipment." Our empirical finding indicates that technology innovation is more important than simply supporting employment to improve SMEs' performance.

본 연구는 특허출원교육 프로그램의 효과적인 진행을 위해 개발된 PatentNOW의 대학생들의 수용과정을 기술수용 모델과 사전지식이론을 바탕으로 접근하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 지각된 사용용이성은 지각된 유용성에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 둘째 지각된 유용성과 지각된 사용용이성은 사용태도에 긍정적 영향을 주었고 사용태도 역시 사용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 셋째 PatentNOW 사용자들이 갖는 특허제도에 대한 사전지식 수준과 특허출원 경험은 지각된 사용용이성과 사용태 도와의 관계에 있어 약화시키는 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 특허출원교육의 질적 향상을 위해서 교육생들의 사전지식 수준에 따른 PatentNOW의 활용 교수법이 차별적으로 개발되어야 함을 시사하고 있다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the college students’ acceptance of PatentNOW, which was developed for effective proceeding of patent application education program. Results of this research as follow. First, perceived ease of use positively influenced perceived usefulness. Second, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use positively influenced attitude toward using and attitude toward using also positively influenced behavioral intention to use. Third, the level of prior knowledge about the patent system and experience of patent application possessed by the users of PatentNOW had a negative effect on the relationship between perceived ease of use and attitude toward using. These results suggested that the teaching method of utilizing PatentNOW should be differentiated according to the level of prior knowledge of the students in order to improve the quality of patent application education.

본 논문은 일본의 인바운드 관광을 중심으로 관광을 새로운 성장동력으로 육성하기 위한 정책적 노력의 전개와 그 성과를 분석하였다. 일본의 경우 모노즈쿠리로 대표되는 제조업 국가로 명성을 구축해 왔지만 인구 감소와 산업구조 변화에 대응하기 위해 최근 적극적인 인바운드 관광 정책을 전개하고 있다. 일본 정부는 고이즈미 전 총리가 ‘관광입국(観光立国)’을 천명한 이후 현 아베(安部) 총리에 이르기까지 관광산업 육성에 주력하여, 방일 외국인 관광객 수와 방일 외국인 여행 소비액이 급증하는 추세이다. 인바운드 관광객의 수도권 편중 해소와 주요 방문 지역 확대와 같은 양적 측면의 유치 활동과 관광객 재방문율의 제고와 같은 질적 측면의 개선을 병행한 결과이다. 이로써 도쿄, 오사카, 홋카이도에 집중되었던 인바운드 관광객은 큐슈(九州), 호쿠리쿠(北陸), 나가노(長野), 간토(関東), 도카이(東海), 도호쿠(東北), 산요(山陽) 등으로 확산되고 있다. 일본에서도 1991년 이전까지는 일본인의 국내여행이나 해외여행에 중점을 두고 있었으며, 인바운드 관광객 유치의 중요성은 부각되지 않았다. 1997년에 처음으로 “국제 관광 진흥에 관한 법률”이 제정되었으며, 2000년부터는 인바운드 관광의 중요성이 강조되어 방일 관광객 수의 목표를 설정하고 타깃 시장에 대해 일본 방문을 홍보하는 적극적인 관광정책이 시행되었다. 2003년 고이즈미 내각에서 ‘방일 외국인 여행객 1천만 명 달성’이라는 정책 기조가 공식화되었으며, 2007년 1월 관광 진흥을 위한 구체적인 방침을 명시한 ‘관광입국추진기본법’이 제정되었다. 2008년 국토교통성의 외청으로 관광청이 신설되었으며, 2012년 이 법에 기초하여 ‘관광입국추진기본계획’이 마련되었다. ‘관광입국추진기본계획’은 장기 불황 극복을 기치로 과감한 통화정책과 재정정책을 구사한 아베노믹스의 일환이다. 관광 분야에서는 이에 호응하여 적극적으로 인바운드 관광객을 유치하고 관광객 방문을 쇼핑과 연계시킴으로써 관광산업 부흥의 계기를 마련하겠다는 접근이 제시되었다. 그 결과 방일 외국인 관광객 수는 2014년과 2015년 지속 증가하여 2016년 2천만 명을 돌파하였다. 이 같이 관광산업 부흥을 목표로 일본 정부가 강력히 추진한 인바운드 관광 활성화를 위한 주요 정책의 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 면세제도 개선에 따른 방일 외국인 소비액의 증대이다. 방일 외국인 여행자들의 여행 목적 중 ‘쇼핑’의 비중이 크다는 점에 착안하고, 외국인 관광객의 편의를 위해 외국인 여행자용 소비세면세제도를 1, 2차에 걸쳐 개정하여 면세 절차의 간소화를 도모하였다. 면세 대상 품목의 확대와 면세 절차의 간소화로 방일 외국인의 소비액이 급격하게 증가하였으며, 도쿄나 오사카 등 수도권에 집중된 면세점이 지방으로 확산되면서 지역 경제 활성화에 기여하고 있다. 둘째, 비자 발급 조건 완화에 따른 방일 외국인 관광객 수 증가이다. 1인당 GDP가 3천 달러가 넘는 국가들의 경우 아웃바운드 관광의 수요가 증가할 것으로 기대하여, 이들 국가에 대한 비자 발급 조건을 완화하였고, 그 결과 이들 국가의 방일 관광객 수가 급격하게 증가하였다. 마지막으로 LCC(저가항공) 유치에 따른 항공노선 확충이다. 저가 항공노선의 정책적인 유치와 편의시설 개선을 추진함으로써 인바운드 관광객의 일본 접근을 한층 용이하게 하였다. 향후 LCC가 지방 공항으로 확대될 경우 외국인 관광객 유치에 따른 지방 경제 활성화도 기대하고 있다. 일본은 관광정책 비전에서 향후 인바운드 관광객 수를 2020년 4천만 명에서, 2030년에는 6천만 명에 이를 것으로 예상하고 있으며, 관광을 제조업의 공백을 대신할 중추적 성장 산업으로 육성하겠다는 정책적 의지를 제시하고 있다. 일본이 주목하는 것은 아시아 지역의 높은 경제 성장률과 국내의 성장잠재력 하락이다. 이는 제조업을 대신할 새로운 성장 산업으로서 관광업을 재인식하게 된 배경이다. 일본은 이 같은 재인식 하에 해외의 관광 상품 소비자가 지방이라는 새로운 관광 상품, 즉 새로운 관광 공급자와 신속하게 연결될 수 있도록 유통, 교통, 제도 측면에서 산업 발전의 걸림돌을 과감히 제거하는 혁신적 접근을 채택하였다. 일본의 사례는 경제성장이 둔화되고 지역 경기가 쇠퇴하는 현실에서 관광산업을 새로운 성장 동력으로 인식할 때 어떤 정책적 노력이 필요한지 예시한다. 외부의 관광 수요에 수동적으로 의존하지 않고 산업 측면에서 새로운 수요와 새로운 시장을 창출할 수 있도록 관광서비스 공급의 장애를 해소하는 정책의 발굴과 시행이다. 이는 과거 상품 수출을 견인했던 공급주도형 성장전략이 관광수출에서도 재현가능함을 보여 준다.

Focused on inbound tourism in Japan, this study examines the development and performance of the policy that foster tourism as a new growth engine. Japan has built its reputation as a manufacturing country represented by Monozukuri, but has recently developed an active inbound tourism policy to cope with population decline and changes in industrial structure. The Japanese government has focused on fostering the tourism industry from former Prime Minister Koizumi, who has been initially promoting tourism, to the current Prime Minister Abe, and the number of foreign tourists visiting Japan and the amount of foreign tourists consumption in Japan have surged. This is a result of the quantitative improvement activities such as eliminating inbound tourists’ concentration of the metropolitan area and expanding major visit areas, as well as the qualitative improvement activities such as raising the visitor re-visit rate. As a result, the inbound tourists that have been concentrated in Tokyo, Osaka, and Hokkaido are spreading to Kyushu, Hokuriku, Nagano, Kanto, Toukai, Tohoku, and Sanyo. Until 1991 in Japan, the emphasis was on Japanese domestic travel and overseas travel, and the importance of attracting inbound tourists did not appear. The “Foreign Visitor Attraction Act” was enacted for the first time in 1997, and since 2000, the importance of inbound tourism has been emphasized, setting an objective for the number of tourists visiting Japan and implementing an active tourism policy to promote visit to Japan in target markets. Former Prime Minister Koizumi declared the policy of “achieving 10 million foreign tourists in Japan” in 2003, and as a result, the “Tourism Nation Promation Basic Law”, which stipulated specific policies for promoting tourism, was enacted in January 2007. In 2008, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism established the Japan Tourism Agency, and in 2012 the Tourism Nation Promotion Basic Plan was implemented based on this law. The “the Tourism Nation Promotion Basic Plan” is part of Abenomics, which used bold monetary policy and fiscal policies aiming to overcome a long-term recession. In the tourism sector, the approach of attracting inbound tourists and linking tourists to shopping has been proposed to revitalize the tourism industry. As a result, the number of foreign tourists visiting Japan will continue to increase in 2014 and 2015, exceeding 20 million in 2016. Followings are the points of inbound tourism policy that the Japanese government strongly implemented to revitalize the tourism industry. First, reformed tax exemption system increases foreign visitors consumption in Japan. Since the foreign visitors’ main purpose of their traveling is shopping, tax exemption process has been simplified for the convenience of foreign visitors by 1st and 2nd revisions of consumption tax exemption system. Expanded tax-exempt list and simplified tax exemption process increase foreign visitors consumption dramatically. As duty-free shops spread from the metropolitan area to local area, the regional economy has been revitalized. Second, relaxing visa conditions increases the number of foreign tourists. In case of countries whose GDP per capita is over 3,000 USD, they expected that the demand of outbound tourism is going to increase based on relaxed visa conditions. As a result, the number of visitors from those countries has increased sharply. Finally, Japan developed new air routes by attracting LCC. Inbound tourists can easily access to Japan because of improvement of facilities and policy support for LCC. It is also expected in the future that local economy would be stimulated if the number of foreign tourists goes on increasing when the services of LCC expand to local airports. Japan expects the number of inbound tourists to rise from 40 million in 2020 to 60 million in 2030 in the future in terms of tourism policy vision. It also shows the policy commitment to nurture tourism as a pivotal growth industry to replace the vacancies in manufacturing. What Japan concerns is the high economic growth rate in Asia and a declining domestic growth potential. It is a background that the tourism industry has been recognized again as a new growth industry to replace the manufacturing industry. Under this reaffirmation, Japan has exerted an innovative approach to drastically remove obstacles that impede tourism industry development in terms of distribution, transportation, and institutional arrangements so that the overseas consumers of tourist goods can quickly connect with new tourism products in provinces, i.e. new tourism providers. This case shows that what kind of effort is needed when tourism is perceived as a new growth engine under decreasing economic growth and regional economic decline. The development and implementation of policy that eliminates obstacles in tourism service supply should be accomplished to create new demand and market in the industry without depending on external tourism demand. It also shows that supply-push based growth strategy can be applied to export of tourism.

Objectives : This study analyzed the influencing relationship among oral health belief, prevention of oral diseases, and quality of life subject in adults over 20 years of age. Methods : This study enrolled 237 participants who visited Y hospital located in the Gyeongnam district as the final subjects for the analysis. From the collected data, multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify the relative influence of oral health belief on each parameter using SPSS 18.0. Results : Based on the regression analysis results, it was found that the factor in oral health belief with the strongest influence on the intention to prevent oral disease was importance. The behavior for prevention of oral disease was influenced by sensitivity, and the quality of life was affected by self-efficacy. Conclusions : These results, suggest that in order to promote oral health in adults, continuous support from oral health professionals is required to make patients recognize the importance and the sensitivity of oral health and reduce sensitivity.

최근 정부는 발생원에서 배출된 폐기물이 재활용 등 중간처리의 과정을 거치지 않은 채 매립지로 반입되는 미처리폐기물의 매립제로화 정책을 추진하고 있다. 미처리폐기물의 매립억제와 폐자원의 효율적 에너지화의 일환으로, “자원의 절약과 재활용촉진에 관한 법률” 고형연료 품질 기준과 제조시설 및 저장시설에 대한 규정을 개정하였으나, 일부 고형연료화 시설의 생산수율 향상과 운영비용 저감 등에 대한 개선이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구는 고형연료화시설에서 발생하는 잔재물의 매립 최소화를 위한 연구로, 고형연료의 생산수율 향상과 발생 잔재물에 대한 효율적 관리를 위해 고형연료시설 잔재물에 대한 국내·외 평가항목과 적정 관리기준을 알아보고자 하였다. 우리나라는 현장적용 및 측정분석의 용이함과 데이터의 신뢰도 및 재현성을 고려할 때 생물학적 지표보다 화학적 지표로 발열량과 탄소(C)함량의 기준이 적절할 것으로 판단되며, 적용기준의 수준은 유럽연합과 유사한 정도에서 우선적으로 검토하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 보다 편리한 시험방법의 적용이 필요한 경우 삼성분 분석에 따른 가연성분(VS)의 함량기준을 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었고, 생물기원 물질 (바이오매스) 함량의 지표로 용해선별법(SDM)시험방법의 활용을 통해 생물학적 공정의 적용여부를 판단할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

Waste management policies in Korea have been turned in direction toward reduction of greenhouse gas emission through recycling and energy recovery nowadays. To form a line in the chain of the policy, several public MBT facilities have been constructed. However, Korea has not legislated any waste acceptance criteria such as organic content limitation, loss of ignition, total organic carbon and caloric value except moisture content nor landfill tax which European Union implements for landfilling wastes in compliance with the Landfill Directive. Korean government is giving positive consideration on landfill acceptance criteria and landfill tax. As a part of its policy, it is considered that researches on physical and chemical characteristics of residues from MBT facilities should be preceded as the first step. This study was carried out to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of residues from the four operating facilities in Korea. Physical and chemical composition, loss of ignition, total organic carbon, caloric value and biomass content by SDM(selective dissolution method) are analyzed of residues from MBT facilities. The detailed results of analysis were given.

The objective of this study was to verify the effects of brand equity of small & medium hospitals on trust and relationship commitment and mediation effect of trust in the relation between brand equity and relationship commitment. For testing reliability and validity of the measurement tool, Cronbach's α and confirmatory factor analysis was used, respectively. A structural equation model was applied for verifying the study model suggested. Out of 450 questionnaires distributed, 439 was returned. On the study results, brand image and perceived quality positively determined trust of customers for small & medium hospitals. Customers’ trust also has a positive effect on relationship commitment. Brand awareness positively influence the levels of relationship commitment. Moreover, a mediation effect was identified. Customers’ trust mediated the effects of brand image and perceived quality on relationship commitment of hospitals customers. On conclusions, relationship commitment was determined, either directly or indirectly, by brand image and perceived quality, while trust mediated the their relationship. Thus, hospitals management may use the concepts of brand equity and trust as a key success factor of their business purposes.

연안지방의 물 부족 현상을 해결하기 위해서 대규모 지하수개발이 무계획적으로 급속히 이루어졌다. 지하수의 무분별한 개발로 인해 발생할 수 있는 대표적인 재해는 해수침투이다. 해수침투는 해안대수층의 지하수 평형이 붕괴되어 해수가 담수지하수계로 유입되어 지하수가 수자원으로서의 가치를 상실하는 현상이다. 해수침투를 조사하는 기법으로 관측 및 탐사를 활용하고 있지만, 몇 개의 자료로 해수침투 양상을 파악하는 데는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 관측 자료의 한계를 극복하고 해수침투의 시공간적인 변화를 파악하기 위해서 3차원 유한요소 해석 모형인 FEMWATER 모형을 이용하여 분산지수에 따른 염분농도의 변화를 모의하였다. 실제 자연현상과 유사하게 강우에 의한 침투와 양수를 고려하여 실측자료가 존재하는 300일의 기간에 대해서 해수침투현상을 모의하였다. 해석결과 지표에 가까운 지층에서는 담수지하수의 형태를 유지하고 있으나, 해수와 직접 맞닿아 있는 지층에서는 해수침투현상이 진행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지하수를 개발할 때 대수층의 해수침투 정도를 정확히 파악하기 위해서는 심도가 깊은 지층에 대한 분석이 필요할 것이다.

In order to solve water shortage problem in coastal area, groundwater was developed and used. However, the unplanned groundwater development in coastal areas caused many problems, and the typical problem is seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion where saline water infiltrates into the fresh groundwater system along the coastal aquifer. The purpose of this study were to estimate the temporal and spatial variations of seawater intrusion at a selected coastal aquifer site. The variation of TDS concentration with dipersivity in coastal aquifer is simulated by using FEMWATER model, which is developed to simulate water flow and mass transport through saturated-unsaturated media.

본 논문에서는 지능적 계산법인 개미-군집 이론을 응용한 분산적 피어 선택을 통해 통신 대역폭, 데이터 처리 능력 및 저장 용량이 상이한 피어들로 구성된 P2P 오버레이 멀티케스트 네트워크를 효율적으로 구성할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 피어의 용량뿐만 아니라 피어가 서비스하고 있는 자식 노드의 수 및 멀티케스트 소스와 피어 사이의 거리를 고려하여 부모 피어를 선택한다. 따라서 제안기법은 멀티케스트 소스와 피어 사이의 거리를 작게 유지한다는 측면에서 효율적인 네트워크 구성을 가능하게 한다. 또한 제안기법은 특정 서버가 참여 노드의 상태 정보를 이용하는 기존의 중앙집중적 방식에 비해 각 피어들의 로컬 정보를 이용하는 분산적 방식이므로, 참여 노드의 수에 따른 확장성이 우수하다. 모의실험을 통해 제안 기법은 소수의 대용량 피어가 다수의 소용량 피어를 지원함으로써 수천개의 피어가 오버레이 네트워크에 참여하더라도 오버레이 네트워크의 크기를 작게 유지할 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

In this paper, we propose a method that can construct efficiently a P2P overlay multicast network composed of many heterogeneous peers in communication bandwidth, processing power and a storage size by selecting a peer in a distributed fashion using an ant-colony theory that is one of the computational intelligence methods. The proposed method considers not only the capacity of a peer but also the number of children peers supported by the peer and the hop distance between a multicast source and the peer when selecting a parent peer of a newly joining node. Thus, an P2P multicast overlay network is constructed efficiently in that the distances between a multicast source and peers are maintained small. In addition, the proposed method works in a distributed fashion in that peers use their local information to find a parent node. Thus, compared to a centralized method where a centralized server maintains and controls the overlay construction process, the proposed method scales well. Through simulations, we show that, by making a few high capacity peers support a lot of low capacity peers, the proposed method can maintain the size of overlay network small even there are a few thousands of peers in the network.

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of emergency medical technicians' personal traits and job characteristics on job/social stress, job satisfaction, role conflicts, organizational commitment, and self-efficacy. The study population was emergency medical technicians who is working at the hospitals in Yeungnam province. The 200 questionnaires were administered by using ground mail, e-mail, and personal visits and 156 questionnaires were returned(82.5% response rate). Social stress, job satisfaction and role conflicts were significantly determined by personal traits and job characteristic variables. However, job stress, organizational commitment and self-efficacy was only significantly determined by job characteristic variables. In social stress and role conflicts, the subjects with challenge, sociability, acceptance and prudence traits were tend to be significantly higher scores compared to the stability traits. Additionally, among social stress regression models, adding job characteristics to the personal traits model, R² was increased up to 19% and adding personal traits to the job characteristics model, R² was increased up to 14%. In conclusion, the study found that personal traits and job characteristics are important variables in explaining social stress, job satisfaction and role conflicts, that would have important managerial implications for recruiting, hiring and managing either new or current emergency medical technicians efficiently.

This study of afterripening conditions during oyster mushroom (Suhanneutari 1ho) cultivation in bottles was investigated. Medium materials were used poplar-sawdust (68%), cotton seed peel (16%), Beet pulp (8%) and cotton seed cake (8%). Mix of materials was used as a percentage of the volume and to adjust moisture content (67%). Autoclaved mediums were placed in low temperature storage (20℃) and then moved in inoculation room and conducted mechanical inoculation. Mycelial culture temperature was maintained at 20~21℃ and cultured during 18 days. The afterripening period were 6days, 9days, 12days and 15 days at 25~27℃. The yield of fruit body was higher for 9 days (163.1g/bottle) and 12 days (160.7g/bottle) than that of other afterripening period. Second, in the changes in moisture content of the medium according to the afterripening period, no significant changes were observed during mycelial grwoth. The longer afterripening period was showed slightly lower weight of media. The moisture content of media after harvest at afterripening for 9 days had the biggest reduction than any other treatments. In addition, weight of media and yield of afterripening for 9 days were the lowest and highest, respectively.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the degree of transactions of the electronic commerce in the hospitals. We created well-organized questionnaire to achieve this goal. we did telephone interviews with the hospitals, and then we reached out to the hospitals by e-mail and postal mail. We interviewed 311 hospitals, and 104 hospitals participated in this study. We conducted cross tabulations. The results are following : Among the subjects, male was 77.9%(81) and female was 22.1%(23). 51.0% of the hospitals used electronic commerce in their work purpose. The proportion of the hospitals that started their electronic commerce before 2000 years was 30.2% and after 2000 years was 69.8%. In the major electronic commerce service providers, 30.4% of the hospitals had their contract with auction, 18.4% of the hospitals had their contract with public procurement services. which is running by Korean government, and 11.8% were with EZmedicom and 10.8% were working with Carecamp. Through electronic commerce, the most high usage was office supplies 41.0% and the send area was medical supplies 11.2%. The results of this study suggest that electronic commerce in health care field is a very new area compared to other industries. There may be lots of barriers in the aspects of a way of working and norms of health care field. Electronic commerce system and contracts with their electronic commerce service providing partners.