Earticle

본 연구는 2019 개정 누리과정 실행에 유아교사의 경험을 알아보기 위해 기존의 연구물들을 종합하여 질적 메타분석을 실시하였다. 2019 개정 누리과정 실시하는 현장에서 드러나는 교사 의 경험에 대한 포괄적인 파악을 위한 것이므로 분석 대상이 충 8편을 선정하였다. 8편의 분석 대상 연구물을 반복하여 읽으면서, 개별 연구마다 저자의 의도와 자료의 의미를 유지하는 동시에 2019 개정 누리과정 실행에 현장에서 나타나는 교사의 경험에 대해 추출된 분석틀인 ‘경험, 어려움’을 중심으로 8개 범주를 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 개정 누리 과정 실행되면서 교 사들이 놀이중심, 유아중심 교육과정을 운영하기 위해 많은 노력을 했다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 둘째, 그러나 교사들은 놀이지원을 하면서 어디까지 놀이고 어디까지 교육인지 구분하기 어려운 것을 느끼게 되면서, 명확한 지침이 없어서 혼란스러움을 경험하게 되기도 하였다. 이러한 결과 의 바탕으로 놀이중심 교육과정을 실행에 유아교사가 유아의 놀이를 지원하는 과정에서 나아가 야 할 방향에 대한 시사점을 도출하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사들은 유아놀이의 가치를 더 깊이 생각하고 유아중심, 놀이중심 교육과정의 가치와 목표를 조화롭게 실천하기 위해 교사의 과대한 업무량을 줄이고 유아의 놀이를 관찰하고 기록하여 그것을 바탕으로 성찰하는 시간을 제공해 주어야 한다. 둘째, 교사마다 교육과정에 대한 이해정도가 다르기 때문에 교사들은 서로의 정보 를 공유할 수 있는 장을 마련해 주는 것을 제안해 본다.

This study conducted a qualitative meta-analysis by synthesizing existing studies to find out the experiences of early childhood teachers in the implementation of the 2019 revised Nuri course. Since it is for a comprehensive understanding of the teacher's experiences revealed in the field of implementation of the 2019 revised Nuri course, a total of 8 studies were selected. While reading the eight studies to be analyzed repeatedly, the authors' intentions and the meaning of the data were maintained for each individual study, and eight categories were made centering on 'Experiences, Difficulties', an analysis framework extracted from the teacher's experiences in the field in the implementation of the 2019 revised Nuri course. The results of this study are, first, it can be seen that teachers have made a lot of effort to operate the play-oriented and early childhood-oriented curriculum while implementing the revised Nuri course. Second, while providing play support, teachers felt that it was difficult to distinguish between how far they played and how far they were educated, and experienced confusion because there were no clear guidelines. Based on these results, the implications for the direction in which early childhood teachers should proceed in the process of supporting children's play in the implementation of the play-oriented curriculum are as follows. First, teachers think deeply about the value of early childhood play and are early childhood-oriented.In order to harmoniously practice the values and goals of the play-centered curriculum, it is necessary to reduce the excessive workload of teachers, observe and record children's play, and provide time for reflection based on it. Second, since each teacher has a different degree of understanding of the curriculum, it is suggested that teachers provide a place to share information with each other.

본 연구는 중국 소주시의 5성급 호텔을 대상으로 호텔 서비스 품질이 고객만족에 미치는 영향 과 그에 따른 충성도에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 중국 환대 산업의 학문적 발전과 실무적 관리 측면에 대한 고찰을 통해 고객만족과 충성도를 높이기 위한 구체적인 방안을 도출하고자 한다. 우리는 서비스 품질, 고객만족, 충성도에 대한 기본적인 이해를 바탕으로 이론적이고 실증적인 접근을 혼합하여 사용하였다. 이러한 이론적 틀을 바탕으로 연구 목적을 달성하기 위한 구조화 된 설문지를 작성하였다. 지리적 범위는 소주시의 5성급 호텔에 한정하였으며, 실증적 자료 수 집은 2021년 3월 8일부터 5월 22일까지이다. 내용적 범위는 호텔 서비스 품질, 고객만족, 충성 도 간의 연관성에 초점을 맞추었다. 통계분석은 SPSS 26.0 for Windows를 사용하여 수행하였 다. 연구 결과에 따르면 ① 서비스 품질은 고객만족에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 5개 차원 중 4개 차원인 ‘다양성’, ‘확실성’, ‘신뢰성’, ‘반응성’이 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났 다. 이와 유사하게 앞서 언급한 4개 차원의 충성도의 긍정적인 연관성에서도 ② 서비스 품질은 충성도에 유의한 영향을 미친다. ③ 고객만족은 충성도를 형성하는 데 중추적인 역할을 한다. 본 연구의 표본은 소주시의 특급호텔 내 중국인 고객으로 한정되어 있으며, 향후 연구에서는 다양한 배경을 가진 외국인 고객을 대상으로 확장할 필요가 있다. 또 자체 보고 설문지에 의존 하는 것은 잠재적인 응답 편향으로 인해 주의가 필요하다.

This study investigated the impacts of hotel service quality on customer satisfaction and its subsequent influence on loyalty in the context of five-star hotels in Suzhou, China. The aim was to derive specific strategies for enhancing customer satisfaction and fostering loyalty through an examination of both the academic advancements and practical management aspects of China's hospitality industry. A blend of theoretical and empirical approaches was employed, with the former laying the foundational understanding of service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Building on this theoretical framework, a structured questionnaire was administered to fulfill the research objectives. The geographical scope was confined to Suzhou's five-star hotels, and the empirical data collection spanned from March 8th to May 22nd, 2021. The content scope focused exclusively on the nexus between hotel service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 for Windows. The findings reveal that: ① Service quality significantly affects customer satisfaction, with four out of the five dimensions—“variety,” “certainty,” “reliability,” and “responsiveness”—positively influencing satisfaction. ② Similarly, service quality significantly impacts loyalty, as evidenced by the positive associations of the aforementioned four dimensions with loyalty. ③ Customer satisfaction plays a pivotal role in shaping loyalty. It is noteworthy that the study's sample was limited to Chinese clientele in Suzhou's luxury hotels, and future research should include international guests from diverse backgrounds. Additionally, the reliance on self-reported questionnaires necessitates caution due to potential response bias.

China and South Korea, two major representatives of the micro-drama industry, have developed distinct development paths and industrial logics due to differences in market environments, industrial foundations, and cultural DNA. Relying on the ecosystem of short video platforms and algorithmic recommendations, China embraces a "channel-centric" approach. IP development relies on traffic-driven growth and rapid monetization, fostering a highly efficient "invest-test-money" commercialization model. However, this model suffers from content homogeneity, shallow narratives, and short IP lifecycles. South Korea, rooted in a mature film and television industry system and upholding a "content-centric" tradition, prioritizes emotional tension, character development, and narrative integrity, resulting in IP development with a more long-term perspective and the potential for cross-media storytelling. This study compares the differences between China and South Korea across five dimensions: industrial model, IP origins, development strategies, narrative logic, and case studies. China, driven by the "traffic logic," fosters fragmented narratives and a horizontally expanding "database consumption" model, while South Korea constructs a "story universe" with emotional depth and a complete worldview, promoting vertical IP development and brand building. By comparing Chinese and Korean cases, this paper reveals fundamental differences in IP operations between the two countries. It suggests that Chinese micro-short dramas, while maintaining their channel advantages, should shift from a "traffic logic" to a "content logic": promoting narratives from "stacked with exciting moments" to "building a story world"; guiding platforms from "traffic distributors" to "cultivators of the ecosystem"; and leveraging technology to enhance content quality and cultural connotations. By rebalancing "channels and content," an IP ecosystem with both commercial value, cultural appeal, and sustainable vitality can be built.

With the rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in organizational settings, AI tools have become increasingly embedded in employees’ daily work processes. While prior studies have emphasized the productivity-enhancing potential of AI, empirical findings regarding its impact on employees’ work experiences remain mixed. Drawing on the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study examines the dual effects of AI tool use on employees’ work efficiency by focusing on two parallel mediating mechanisms: capability enhancement and perceived technostress. Using survey data collected from 421 employees who actively use AI tools in their work, structural equation modeling (SEM) and bootstrapping analyses were employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that AI tool use positively influences employees’ work efficiency through capability enhancement, while simultaneously exerting a negative indirect effect via increased perceived technostress. These findings reveal the coexistence of resource-enhancing and stress-inducing effects of AI tool use in the workplace. This study contributes to the literature by empirically demonstrating a dual-path mechanism through which AI tools affect employee performance outcomes. The findings also provide practical implications for organizations seeking to leverage AI technologies to improve work efficiency while mitigating employees’ technostress.

In the face of global challenges such as resource scarcity, environmental pollution, and climate change, leveraging technological innovation to promote sustainable development has become a critical imperative. The metaverse, as an emerging digital ecosystem that integrates artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, virtual reality (VR), and the Internet of Things (IoT), is reshaping human interaction and presenting new development opportunities. However, sustainability issues such as high energy consumption, data privacy concerns, and social equity have also raised widespread attention. This study explores how the metaverse can facilitate sustainable development in key areas including energy, transportation, water resource management, food supply chains, and environmental protection. The primary objective of this study is to analyze the potential impact of metaverse technologies on sustainable development and assess their applicability across various industries. Through literature reviews and case analyses, this paper examines the real-world application of the metaverse in different domains, aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings reveal that the metaverse holds considerable potential for reducing resource waste, improving efficiency, and optimizing decision-making—particularly through digital twins for power grid optimization, carbon footprint reduction, intelligent transportation systems, enhanced water management, and transparent food supply chains. Nonetheless, the high energy demand—especially in blockchain and cloud computing—remains a significant challenge. Furthermore, issues of technological equity and data privacy require additional research and policy intervention. In conclusion, while the metaverse is positioned to play a vital role in driving sustainable development, its potential adverse effects must not be ignored. Future research should focus on green computing technologies, the development of low-carbon blockchain systems, and the establishment of policy and regulatory frameworks to ensure that the metaverse contributes positively to sustainability.

This study investigates how luxury consumption values influence brand attachment and purchase intention, focusing on generational differences between the MZ and older generations. A questionnaire survey of 355 Chinese consumers from both cohorts was conducted between March 24 and April 11, 2025. Using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0, the study examined the relationships among four consumption value dimensions—hedonic, quality, conspicuous, and social—and their effects on brand attachment and purchase intention. The results indicate that all four value dimensions positively influence both brand attachment and purchase intention, though the strength of these effects varies by generation. Specifically, hedonic and conspicuous values have stronger effects among MZ consumers, while quality and social values are more influential for older consumers. These findings highlight the different psychological mechanisms underlying generational consumption behaviors. The study contributes to the integration of Consumption Value Theory and Attachment Theory by revealing generation-specific pathways in luxury consumption. Practically, it suggests that marketers should develop differentiated strategies, such as emphasizing emotional and experiential branding for MZ consumers and quality-based trust building for older consumers. The study is limited to Chinese consumers; future research should employ cross-national samples and consider additional factors such as social media influence and digital brand experiences.

This study presents a systematic review of on-demand services within a sustainability context. We conducted a comprehensive weighted synthesis and a preliminary meta-analysis of 31 quantitative studies published between 2015 and 2025. Guided by a review protocol, we assess the key determinants of user adoption and behavioral intentions and identify the principal drivers of the sharing economy. The findings show that sustainability plays a crucial role in shaping consumer attitudes and intentions. Core predictors of on-demand service adoption include attitude, economic benefits, and social impact. Although economic benefits and convenience remain the primary drivers of adoption, rising awareness of environmental and social responsibility is gradually influencing consumer choices. In addition, trust and perceived risk affect user intentions, underscoring the need for platforms to strengthen transparency and security. Building on these insights, the article proposes an integrative framework that can serve as a theoretical foundation for future research. Given current limitations in the literature, future work should broaden data sources and database coverage, employ multi-method validation, conduct cross-industry comparisons, and examine workers’rights and career development to generate more explanatory and actionable insights.

The constituent elements of artistic beauty in art design represent the expressive forms of design art and the externalization of artistic innovation. Within the realm of contemporary art design, jewelry design, as an art form integrating aesthetics, craftsmanship, and functionality, exhibits unique manifestations of its beauty components. This paper employs contemporary art jewelry design as a specific case study, utilizing artistic beauty theory as its analytical framework and adopting the case study methodology to delve into the artistic beauty inherent within this field. The analysis systematically examines six core elements—line, material, color, form, structure, and emotion— through the lens of representative works, elucidating how these elements interact to collectively shape the artistic appeal of contemporary art jewelry. The findings reveal that contemporary art jewelry design transcends the traditional singular pursuit of material value. Instead, it manifests the multidimensionality and profundity of artistic beauty through formal innovation, material experimentation, chromatic expression, structural exploration, and potent emotional narratives. This study not only deepens the theoretical understanding of the composition of beauty in art design but also provides aesthetic insights for the innovative practice of contemporary jewelry design, highlighting the pivotal role of artistic beauty in bridging functional requirements and spiritual experiences.

Labor education is the educational inheritance of the wisdom of traditional Chinese labor thinking, the reiteration of Marx's idea of “labor educating people”, and the promotion of educational practice in the new era forging the “Chinese Dream”. Agricultural Labor Games is a perfect fusion of labor education and physical education in practical education, opening up a “new track” of labor education in colleges and universities. In the practice of labor education in colleges and universities, sorting out the logic of the college Agricultural Labor Games: first of all, the theoretical logic, is the intermingling of labor education and physical education nurturing attributes; historical logic, is the transmutation from the labor tool to the sports apparatus; practical logic, is the optimization of physical education course ideology and implementation of labor education, to meet the new needs of students on the new demand for sports competitions. Under the guidance of the party and state documents on labor education, actively responding to General Secretary Xi's call for education to promote the “spirit of labor”, we put forward the development strategy of Agricultural Labor Games: increase the declaration and establishment of labor education practice projects in colleges and universities; actively explore the structure of the Agricultural Labor Games for collaborative education; make full use of the advantages of social media dissemination, and increase the mainstream media push; increase the strength of the mainstream media push; and make full use of the advantages of social media dissemination, and increase the strength of the mainstream media push. Increase the mainstream media's push; sound financial investment, strengthen security and other strategies.

Most of the literature on Philippine foreign policy indicate that its centrality lies in the presidency. Most of it focuses on each presidential terms and their way of navigating international affairs. This may be because it has been suggested that the Philippine president is the chief architect of the nation’s foreign policies and is responsible for primarily taking the lead on charting the decisions to be made. This notion coincides with the idea that foreign policy decision making tends to be elitist in nature. However, this paper argues that several actors within society influence the decision-making process to an extent. Arguing that the state is not a monolithic entity, this paper will be using the state transformation approach, to examine some instances of fragmentation, decentralization, and internationalization that have shaped the decision-making process, balancing the previously thought notion of the president’s centrality, particularly in Manila’s foreign policies toward China, from 2016 to 2020.