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Back step is one of the offensive technique used in taekwondo for escaping and is often followed by a counter attacks. However, how different types of footwork such as hopping with rebound or hopping without rebound prior to the operation of escaping motion effects the counter attacks is unclear. Hence, the purpose of the study was to perform comparative kinematic analysis of the effectiveness of preliminary footwork under two conditions i.e. dynamic and static footwork on back step Dolyeochagi in Taekwondo. 6 male taekwondo athletes from university team participated to achieve the purpose of the study. The subject positioned them in dynamic position (hopping with rebound) or in static condition (without rebound) and were asked to react and perform back step along with Dolyeochagi as soon as possible with respect to the given signals. In order to perform the analysis, 7 infrared cameras and force plates were used to perform the motion analysis and measure the ground reaction force (GRF) respectively in both conditions. The measured data were compared statistically using Paired T-Test. The effectiveness of the preliminary movement: both advantageous and disadvantageous effect on back step Dolyeochagi were confirmed from the results. In general, it is considered that the role of dynamic footwork i.e. hopping which involves rebound was seen in increasing the effectiveness of the impact rather than reduction in time.

This study looked into how self-consciousness of students participating in autonomous physical activities which the government has been promoted as a solution to reduce and prevent school violence would influence the participants’ self-control and violence behavior. Conclusions that the study had gained from as follows. First, in terms of the effects of the self-consciousness on the self-control, the private self-consciousness factor as in the self-consciousness and the social anxiety factor were observed to have immediate influences, and the private self-consciousness factor and the public self-consciousness factor turned out to affect long-term factors. Second, in regard to the influences of the self-consciousness on the violence, the private self- consciousness factor as in the self-consciousness is related to the harassment factor, the bullying factor, the physical violence factor and the verbal violence factor. The study learned that the public self-consciousness factor has effects on the harassment factor, the physical violence factor and the verbal violence factor. Third, when it comes to how the self-control would affect the violence, the study confirmed that the direct factors of the self-control affect the harassment factor, the bullying factor, the physical violence factor and the verbal violence factor and that the long-term factors have influences on the harassment factor and the bullying factor. The findings presented as above will make this study a basic reference for developing proper instructions and programs in relation to the autonomous physical activities.

This study is to examine the operational characteristics of the sports instructor system in the secondary schools and look for the improvement plans associated with it. All secondary school across the nation adopted the sports instructor system as elective in order to cultivate the upright character and build up the physical strength to prevent the school violence and group isolation which were the persistent issues at schools in 2012. However, the qualification standard for the sports instructor, the teaching process and environment of the sports club in school, and the budget utilization has become an object of concern. Contract for a short term, fluctuations in salary, teaching the simultaneous classes up to 4 classes have caused enormous trouble to physical education teachers as well as to sports instructors. Therefore, the secured budget shall be expanded with the tightened qualification standard for the sports instructors and the performance test shall be included in the interview to continue a sustained and effective management of sports clubs and sports instructor system in school. In addition, the systematic timetable shall be prepared to offer the sports club class in school and class shall be maximized utilizing the sports facilities in school and the facilities related to sports in the region. However, as the tightened qualification standard for the sports instructors may set a limit on the utilization of budget and facilities, the qualification standard for the sports instructors shall be granted on the self-regulating base as it is now but their salary shall be included in the salary step system and classes shall be prepared to use the facilities out of the school.. Therefore, the improved labor conditions and rights of sports instructors shall be provided in order to continue an effective management of sports clubs in school.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the basic skill of basketball and sports self -concept (SSC) on sports sociality of elementary school students(4th, 5th, and 6th grader) participating in basketball class after school. Data analysis were used 2-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The following conclusion was made by research methods and procedures. First, subjects were divided into four groups by basketball basic skills(a group of 4th grade male students, 4th grade female students, 5th and 6th male students, and 5th and 6th grade female students). Secondly, In a group of 4th grade female students, leadership and correlation had a low level of correlation on all basic basketball skill variables, but sympathy had a high level of reverse correlation. 4th grade male students, 5th and 6th grade of male and female students had a high level of correlation between the leadership to all basic basketball skill variables. In basic skills of basketball effecting sports self-concept, boys group is affected by dribble and set shoot, while 5th and 6th grade girls’ by lay-up. The leadership is affected by the factor of preference and set shoot in 5th and 6th grade boys group, by hard work and strength in 5th and 6th grade girls’, and by strength factor in 4th grade boys’. For the cooperation, factors of affiliation and lay-up affect 5th and 6th grade boys’. And for sympathy, preference factor affects 5th and 6th grade boys’, hard work affects 5th and 6th grade girls’ and 4th grade boys’, strength affects 4th grade boys’, and affiliation factor affects 4th grade girls’.

The purpose of this study is to propose responses to changes in marine leisure sports and tourism trends, government direction on marine leisure sports industry development, curricular and career direction to nurture marine sports tourism professional manpower, and marine sports tourism professional manpower training system construction scheme through Industrial‐Institutional‐Educational cooperation. First, to construct regional brand of marine tourism resources, we need to develop differentiated supporting facilities considering characteristics of each region, develop it to be regional representative symbol through participation of local residents, encourage local festival and develop value added products, compose a healing and rest complex through utilization of marine healing resources, enforce competitiveness of tourism industry through providing international level services and customized contents development by age, preference and income, and activate marine leisure sports and coastal tourism based on marina ports. Second, the policy direction to develop marine leisure sports industry is to activate both tourism and leisure by expanding the base of marine leisure sports, planning continuous expansion of marine leisure infra facility especially marina port facilities, nurturing marine leisure sports professional manpower, developing marine leisure industry specialized in eastern, western and southern coastal regions, and developing differentiated contents. Third, marine Sports Tourism professional manpower training curriculum should focus on marine sports expertise enforcement subjects, employment and incubation activities supporting subjects, industrial‐ educational collaboration and internship subjects. Fourth, we need to construct an industrial‐institutional‐academic cooperative system applying Y type communication network where working‐level centered cooperative training is available and inner organization can make smooth communications with other two organizations and project can be propelled very quickly owing to smooth communication and shared responsibilities. It is judged that an industrial‐institutional‐academy cooperative system utilizing O type communication network is the most ideal model which aims to construct a system which is the most effective in problems that need creativity of members, the satisfaction of members is the highest, and to establish decentering marine sports governance establishment which makes smooth communications and efficient cooperation between organizations.

Jeju is a long-term facility infrastructure expansion will have to realize the Mecca of training camp, the One apart from other regions through for more battery Training Corps attraction - reducing unnecessary administrative and time-consuming battery Training Corps through the Stop Service System Training increased convenience and will have to strengthen the promotion activities with differentiated incentives, for the prior information availability and health and rehabilitation services provided on a team that could Jeju visit to build organic support system of local governments, universities, and partner organizations You will need to strengthen the proactive marketing. So it should be a long term plan to create a metropolitan area such as tourists visiting a destination to experience sports centers or sports healthcare centers increased participation sport and people-oriented experience. Consequently, establishing itself as eco-friendly training camp a place other natural environments and sports resources of the region in the development of leveraging training and care program emphasizes the distinction of the region and the through industry, academia and research Regiment enable regional specialized sports medical and rehabilitation the composite cluster will be built, will require residents and sport for enthusiasts of the sport involved expanding support base utilizing the training center of the.

본 연구는 스쿠버다이빙 참가자들의 제품에 대한 관여도와 구매행동의 요인이 스쿠버상품에 대한 재구매와 추천의도에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여, 스쿠버다이빙 참가자를 모집단으로 하여 298명을 포본으로 선정하였다. 수집된 설문 자료를 토대로 하여, PASW Statistics 18.0 통계패키지를 이용하여 통계처리 하였으며, 본 연구에서 사용된 분석방법으로는 빈도분석(Frequency analysis),탐색적요인분석(Explorratory analysis)과 Cronb ah's 값을 이용한 신뢰도 분석 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression analysis)를 실시하였다. 이러한 통계적 분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 스쿠버다이빙 참가자들의 관여도는 개인기호에 대한 관여도와 제품속성에 대한 관여도 두가지 요인으로 분석을 하였으나, 이러한 관여도는 스쿠버상품에 대한 재구매의도와 타인에 대한 추천의도에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 스쿠버다이빙 참가자의 구매행동의 특성이 재구매의도에 미치는 영향으로는 과시소비, 준거기준, 개인의 톡특성에 관한 구매행동특성이 재구매의도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 스쿠버다이빙 참여자들의 제품에 대한 구매행동 특성이 제품에 대한 추천의도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 재구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인과 마찬가지로 과시소비, 준거기준, 독특서 추구요인이 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of scuba diving participant's product involvement and purchasing behavior on repurchase intention and recommendation intention. For the research, 298 scuba divers were used as sample. For data analysis, PASW Statistics 18.0 was used for frequency analysis, exploratory analysis, reliability analysis using Cronbah's  and multiple regression analysis. And the results are as follow. First, sub factors of involvement, "personal preference involvement" and "product attribute involvement" had no influence on repurchase intention and recommendation intention. Second, ostentation consumption, conformity standard, one's uniqueness of purchasing behavior had influenced on repurchase intention. Third, ostentation consumption, conformity standard, one's uniqueness of purchasing behavior had influenced on reconmmendation intention