Earticle

Purpose：The purpose of this study was to analyze the reaction of recovery for the fatigue by sports massage treatment after Taekwondo training and then to verify the effectiveness. Subject：The subjects of this study were all the 20 high school Taekwondo players divided into two groups (rest recovery group and sports massage group) selected by systematic random assignment sampling. Method：The variables were the level of hemoglobin, lactic acid and glucose, and measured at rest, immediately-after exercise and 30-minute recovery. The data from this study were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-test. Results：The results are as follows ; 1. The measurement of the hemoglobin, there was not the significant differences between experiment group and control group. 2. The lactate showed lower in the experiment group than in the control group in 30-minute recovery (p<.001). 3. The glucose showed lower in the experiment group than in the control group in 30-minute recovery (p<.01). So I think the sports massage treatment is more effective in the relief of fatigue than static rest method during the recovery after sports. However the massage treatment influence on the activation of metabolism according to the intensity and the duration of sports, and vary the effect of treatment according to the method and execution time. Therefore the longitudinal investigation of the variation by the long time massage through the more detailed program must be requisite for us.

Purpose：The purpose of this study was to evaluate Influence of Stretching exercise on Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability in Post-Adolescent. Methods：Stretching group(n=20), control group(n=20) measured trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability at pre-intervention, postintervention in 3 weeks, post-intervention in 6 weeks. Results：Trunk extension ROM, trunk flexion ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, and equilibrium ability of stretching group was significantly increased within the intervention period (p＜.05). The trunk extension ROM, trunk lateral flexion ROM, equilibrium ability was significantly different among the experimental groups at in 3 weeks and in 6 weeks, but trunk flexion ROM was significantly different at only in 6 weeks(p＜.05). Conclusion：In conclusion, it was found stretching exercise can increase Flexibility of Trunk and Equilibrium Ability. stretching exercise need to be applied for Post-Adolescent.

Purpose：The objective of this study was to determine efficacy of sleep-dependent motor learning. Methods：This is a literature study with books and internet. We searched the PubMed, Science Direct, KISS and DBpia. Key words were Sleep-dependent, motor learning, RAM and LTP. Results：Procedural memory, like declarative memory, undergoes a slow, time-dependent period of consolidation. A process has recently been described wherein performance on some procedural task improves with the mere passage of time and has been termed “enhancement”. Some studies have reported that the consolidation/enhancement of perceptual and motor skill is dependent on sleep. Specially, rapid-eye-movement(REM) sleep seems to benefit procedural aspects of memory. Conclusion：Motor learning is very important for CNS injury patients. And also distribution of practice sessions is important because REM sleep is to benefit procedural aspects of memory consolidation.

Purpose：To describes the important aspects of the foot and ankle movement and function used when git and balance strategy. Method：The foot and ankle was a very important roles in the lower limb movement and gait. This study summarizes the physiologic movement of knee to the PNF lower extremity patterns. Result：The ankle joint composed of the talocural joint, the subtalarl joint, transverse tarsal joint, talocalcaneonavicular joint. The onset of dorsiflexion muscle activity starts in pre swing gait patterns. First contract muscle is the extensor hallucis. Activity of tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus quickly follows in mid swing gait phase. During stance phase, the soleus and gastrocnemius muscle provided plantar flexor torque, which muscle reacts quickly to restrain ankle dorsiflexion, and contributes modulated control of the ankle motion in gait patterns. Conclusions：The understanding of ankle kinematics, could provide a good therapeutic approach for improving gait patterns in patients with various pathological condition.

Purpose：This paper focuses on the emerging concept that adult central nervous system neurogenesis can be regulated by various physical activity, enriched environment, and pathological conditions. Neurogenesis-the production of new neuron-is an ongoing process that persists in the adult brain of mammalian, including humans. Result：The adult brain was thought be limited in its regenerative function. However, this concepts changed, recent evidence of neurogenesis in certain adult brain areas such as SVZ(subventricular zone) and SGZ(subgranular zone) in hippocampus, raised possibility for improved treatment for patient with stroke. Neural plasticity has an adaptive purpose, because an ability of the brain to change in response to peripheral stimulation, physical activity, experience, and injury. Conclusions：The major function of the neurogenesis in adult brain seems to be replacing the neuron that die regularly in discrete adult brain regions. These cells are capable of functionally integrating into neighboring neural cells, and reconnecting to the correct neural networks. This review suggest that various intervention, including physical activity, voluntary movement training, skilled forelimb reaching training, and enriched environment, induced neural cell production in certain adult brain, and associated with functional recovery after stroke.