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본 논문은 소형화와 고이득을 위하여 패치 안테나에 원형 슬릿을 구현하였으며 900 MHz 대역에서 동작이 되도록 설계하였다. 사각 형 모양의 패치형태를 변형하여 안테나 크기를 일차적으로 줄였으며 나아가 패치 안에 원형 슬릿을 추가하여 추가적으로 안테나의 크기를 감소시켰다. 원형슬릿의 개수와 반지름을 설계 변수로 설정하여 원하는 대역에서 반사손실을 약 -30 dB까지 되도록 Tuning 하였으며 방사패턴의 최대 이득도 약 4 dBi에 이르도록 안테나의 설계를 수행하였다. 원형슬릿이 존재하지 않는 경우 대비 약 20 MHz 정도의 공진 주파수 하향천이를 구현하여 본 논문에서 설계한 안테나의 소형화가 달성되었음을 증명하였다.

In this paper, we design the circular slits in the parch antenna for size reduction and high gain working at 900 MHz. Modifying the rectangular type patch, we decrease the antenna real-estate, leading to antenna miniaturization with added circular slits in itself. The antenna is tuned for under –30 dB return loss by adjusting the number of circular slits and their radii, and its design is performed for the maxim bean pattern of 4 dBi gain. Compared with the antenna without circular slits, the designed antenna shows 20 MHz downward shift of frequency, proving that the size reduction is achieved with this antenna design.

본 논문에서는 유전체 표면을 소형의 패치로 분해한 다음에 각 패치의 유도전류를 구하는 모먼트법 (MoM)과 전체 유전체 표면의 입사전파와 반사 및 침투 전파의 합을 구하는 적분방정식을 융합하여 유전물질로 구성된 육면체의 유도전류 분석하였다. 평면파 전자파가 입사될 때 임의모형의 유전체에 유도되는 유도전류는 일 반적으로 수치해석방법을 적용하여 계산하는 것이 정확하며 사용한 적분방정식은 5 명의 과학자가 공동으로 제안 한 PMCHW 방정식을 사용하였다. MoM에 사용된 패치는 삼각형 패치를 사용하고 기초함수는 광대역 주파수에 사용할 수 있는 Loop-Patch 기초함수를 사용하였다. 제안된 계산방식은 넒은 주파수 범위에서 임의 모형의 유전 체에 대해서 적용할 수 있으며 유전체 육면체의 유도전류를 분석하여 제시하였다.

In this paper, we analysis the electromagnetic scattering of an arbitrary shape dielectric cube subjected to plane wave incidence in three dimensions. MoM(Method of Moments)in which a surface of a body is divided with small triangular patches and equivalence principle are used to fuse the PMCHW(Poggio, Miller, Chang, Harrington, and Wu) Integral Equations with respect to equivalent currents on a dielectric body. Triangular patch and loop-patch basis functions that is robust in wide frequency ranges are used for MoM formulations. Proposed method is very useful to analysis the induced current of arbitrary dielectric bodies and numerical results for a dielectric cube are presented.

Background : Granisetron transdermal system patch offers convenient non-invasiveoption and could enable continuous antiemetic effects during multi-day chemotherapy for acuteleukemia patients. This study compare the effect and costs of granisetron transdermal systempatch with ramosetron treatment for control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Methods : From January 2011 to September 2013, one-hundred fifty acute leukemia patientswere prescribed with antiemetic prophylaxis granisetron transdermal system patch andramosetron. These patients were classified into granisetron group(n=82) and ramosetrongroup(n=68) and the effect and costs of each group were evaluated. Results : Total response was achieved by 51.2% of granisetron group and 45.6% of ramosetrongroup, but the difference not statistically significant(p=0.492). The first emetic episode occurred median Day1(1-9) granisetron group and median Day3(1-7) ramosetron group including patientswith failure to emetic control. Conclusions : ranisetron transdermal system patch offers reliable antiemetic effect and preferabledosing for patients receiving multi-day chemotherapy with acute leukemia, and close dosingcontrol pharmacist is to achieve higher response.

Satellite communication has reached a turning point in transmitting data quickly and receiving signals clearly in faraway places. This paper presents a metamaterial-based antenna for distant and military applications that overcomes restrictions and performs unmatched. This project explores metamaterials to create a unique antenna. Expect to be astounded by its power to bend electromagnetic waves, miniaturize, and change our relationship with the universe. The feeding mechanism of this antenna is a modified co-planar waveguide. At 5.6 GHz, the proposed antenna unit cell measures 0.076 , making it small thanks to its MTM characteristic. CP radiation is made when two orthogonally polarized modes are stimulated at the same time and two composite right- and left-handed transmission line unit cells are placed orthogonally. Reduced size, increased bandwidth, and improved Learn how this discovery opens new doors for high-resolution photography, broadband internet, and space exploration. One nanostructure that makes up a metamaterial is the Split Ring Resonator (SRR). SRR dimensions must be smaller than the resonance wavelength, making them crucial for near-infrared and optical responses. This effort examined nanoscale SRR characteristics in the infrared and visible ranges. SRRs composed of aluminum (Al) and gold (Au) were produced on silicon and silica substrates using electron beam lithography (EBL). The proposed structure consists of a microstrip-line-supplied SRR, a parasitic patch that is perpendicular to the ground plane, and two via holes connected by two split rings that feed the patch indirectly. Choosing the right material parameter for all such antennas depends on the planned structure. Fabrication and testing of the antenna matched simulations. Dimensions: 23.7 mm × 16.2 mm × 1.6 mm; substrate dielectric constant: 4.4. Experimental data are detailed and compared to analytical calculations. Simulation results show that metamaterials have negative permittivity and permeability in a certain frequency range, which can be predicted by an analytical method. Simulations indicated eight BRS, WiMAX, radar, and mobile phone resonance frequencies. Radiation is dipole-like in the omnidirectional in the H-plane and E-plane. 10 dB return loss and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidths are 38.6.7% and 8.1%, respectively.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the characteristics of peripheral arterial ischemia and tissue necrosis in premature babies, as well as the effects of nitroglycerin. Methods: In total, 513 newborns were enrolled who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a gestational age of 34 weeks or younger. Data were collected on general personal and clinical information, peripheral arterial ischemia, and nitroglycerin patch application in the premature infants. The collected data were analyzed using the x2 test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression. Results: Thirty-six (7.0%) infants had peripheral arterial ischemia, while 477 (93.0%) infants did not. Lower gestational age (x2=35.97, p<.001), lower birth weight (x2=29.40, p<.001), lower blood pressure (x2=23.10, p<.001), and insertion of an umbilical artery catheter (p<.001) were significantly associated with the occurrence of peripheral arterial ischemia. Among the preterm infants in whom nitroglycerin patches were applied, 30 (83.3%) premature infants without necrosis improved without complications, 4 (11.1%) showed hypotension, and 2 (5.6%) showed skin damage. Conclusion: Based on a review of our experiences with nitroglycerin patches, we recommend closely observing skin color and using nitroglycerin patches on the skin to help improve flow in premature infants with peripheral arterial ischemia.

산사태는 인명과 사회 경제적 인프라에 심각한 피해를 초래하는 대표적인 자연재해로, 위험지역의 정밀 한 공간 분할 및 조기 탐지가 재난관리에 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 U-Net 딥러닝 아키텍처를 기반으로 패치 크기(128×128, 256×256)에 따른 산사태 위험지역 자동 분류 성능을 비교·분석하였다. 연구 대상지는 경북 예천군 보곡면의 급경사지로, 드론 영상 및 포인트 클라우드 자료를 활용해 0.1m 해상도의 디지털 표고 모델(DEM)을 구축하고, 이를 딥러닝 학습 및 평가에 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 128×128 패치 크기 모델은 전체 정확도 70.5%의 정확도를 기록했으며, 비위험과 위험 클래스에서 F1-score 0.582, 0.599를 보여 균형 잡힌 분류 성능을 나타냈다. 반면 256×256 패치 모델은 65.96%의 정확도와 매우 낮은 0.248, 0.007의 F1-score를 기록했으며, NoData 클래스에서는 0.786의 높은 F1-score를 보여 대부분의 예측이 NoData 영역에 집중됨을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 작은 패치 크기가 지역적 지형 변동성을 포착하고 산사태 감지 성능을 향상시키는데 더 효과적임을 시사한다.

Landslides are natural disasters that cause severe damage to human life and socio-economic infrastructure, making precise spatial delineation and early detection of hazardous areas essential for disaster management. This study compares automated classification performance of landslide hazard zones using U-Net deep learning architecture with different patch sizes (128×128 and 256×256). The study area is a steep slope in Bogok-ri, Hyoja-myeon, Yecheon-gun, Gyeongbuk Province, where a high-resolution DEM (0.1 m) was constructed using drone imagery and point cloud data. The 128×128 patch model achieved 70.5% accuracy with F1-scores of 0.582 and 0.599 for non-hazard and hazard classes, respectively, indicating balanced performance. In contrast, the 256×256 patch model yielded 65.96% accuracy, much lower F1-scores of 0.248 and 0.007, and a higher NoData F1-score of 0.786, reflecting predictions focused on NoData zones over hazard areas. Results suggest smaller patch sizes better capture local terrain variability and enhance landslide detection performance.

오늘날 게임 산업은 지속적으로 성장하고 있는 추세이다. 이런 배경에서 게임 이용자들은 다양한 게임 장르를 경험하고 있으며, 또한 게임 내의 승률을 높이기 위한 다양한 활동에 많은 관심을 가지고 있다. 게임 이용자 들은 자신이 즐기는 게임 캐릭터들의 승률 및 픽률과 같은 다양한 정보들을 인터넷 검색을 통해 수집하고 있 으며, 그에 따라 자신이 즐기는 게임 플레이어의 밸런스에 관해서 많은 관심을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구자는 밸런스 관련 다양한 연구를 탐색하는 과정에서 게임 속의 밸런스를 맞추는 기준이 있다면, 또한 그 기준에 대 한 예측이 가능하다면 그 기준을 중심으로 이용자들의 다양한 밸런스 패치 활용 및 게임 전략 수립에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 본 연구에서는 플레이어들의 밸런스 패치가 중요하게 인식되고 있는 MOBA 장르 게임을 중심으로 밸런스 패치 예측 기준을 수립하는 데 초점을 맞추었다. 특별히 밸런스 패치를 진행할 때 캐릭터들의 특성 및 개발자의 패치 코멘트, 그리고 승률 및 픽률 변화에 따른 이후 패치 로드맵까지 고려 할 수 있는 체계를 제시한 점에서 큰 의의가 있다고 볼 수 있다. 이를 통해 개발자는 플레이어들의 밸런스를 더 쉽게 맞출 수 있도록 유도하고, 플레이어는 밸런스 패치를 예측하여 더욱 효율성 있는 게임 전략을 실행할 수 있도록 유도하여 MOBA 장르 게임의 이해관계자 모두에게 도움이 되는 정보를 전달할 것이다.

Today's game industry is in a trend of continuous growth. Game users are experiencing various game genres in this background, and they are also very interested in various activities to increase the winning rate in the game. Game users collect various information such as win rate and pick rate of game characters they enjoy through internet searches and show a lot of interest in balances of game players. It was judged that it will be helpful for users to utilize various balance patches and establish game strategies based on the standard in the process of exploring various balance-related studies if there is a standard for balancing the game and it is possible to predict the standard. This study focused on establishing the prediction criteria for balance patches, focusing on MOBA genre games where players' balance patches are recognized as important. In particular, it is very meaningful to present a system that can take into account the subsequent patch roadmap according to changes in character's characteristics, developer's patch comments, win rate and pick rate, etc. during the balance patch process. This will make it easier for developers to balance players and help players execute more efficient game strategies by predicting balance patches, transmitting beneficial information strategically to all stakeholders in MOBA genre games. make it easier for developers to balance players and help players execute more efficient game strategies by predicting balance patches, transmitting beneficial information strategically to all stakeholders in MOBA genre games. by predicting balance patches, transmitting beneficial information strategically to all stakeholders in MOBA genre games.

Worldwide, the use of opioid analgesics is steadily increasing in non-cancer chronic pain management as well as cancer pain. Along with this trend, serious side effects such as an increase in mortality have been reported. Furthermore, more common side effects with long-term opioid therapy are tolerance, dependence, and addiction to opioids in clinical practice. Coping with withdrawal symptom is the key component in the successful treatment of opioid dependence, and buprenorphine is one of the main stay for that purpose. In this case report, we share our experience of successful treatment of opioid dependence using a buprenorphine transdermal patch in addition to appropriate pain intervention in a patient with low back pain.

This paper presents a new technique for corner shape based object retrieval from a database. The proposed feature matrix consists of values obtained through a neighborhood operation of detected corners. This results in a significant small size feature matrix compared to the algorithms using color features and thus is computationally very efficient. The corners have been extracted by finding the intersections of the detected lines found using Hough transform. As the affine transformations preserve the co-linearity of points on a line and their intersection properties, the resulting corner features for image retrieval are robust to affine transformations. Furthermore, the corner features are invariant to noise. It is considered that the proposed algorithm will produce good results in combination with other algorithms in a way of incremental verification for similarity.

목적: 본 연구는 Derma GenieTM 및 Elixir StoneTM 유효 성분을 함유한 패치 제품의 종아리 붓기 감소, 혈행 개선, 피부 온도(온열) 상승에 대한 인체효능평가를 진행하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 만 20-60세의 성인여성 20명을 대상으로 4주동안 패치 제품의 종 아리 붓기 감소, 혈행 개선, 피부 온도(온열) 상승효과에 대한 인체적용시험을 실시하였다. 결과: 종아리 붓기 감소 평가 결과, 패치 미부착 부위와 비교 시, 종아리 붓기가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 혈행 개선 평가 결과, 부착 부위의 변화율이 통계 적으로 유의하게 높아 혈행 개선에 도움됨을 확인하였다(p<0.05). 피부 온도 상승 평가 결과, 패치 사용 전과 비교하여 패치 부착부 위에서 피부 온도 값이 1회 사용 후 6.84% 통계적으로 유의하게 증가되어 단 1회 사용만으로 피부 온도 상승(온열) 효과가 있음을 확인하였다(p<0.05). 결론: Derma GenieTM 및 Elixir StoneTM 유효 성분으로 제조한 패치 제품의 종아리 붓기 감소, 혈행 개선, 피부 온도(온열) 상승에 효과적임을 확인하였다.

Purpose: This study evaluated the human efficacy of a patch product formulated with the active ingredients Derma Genie™ and Elixir Stone™ in reducing calf swelling, improving blood circulation, and increasing skin temperature (thermogenic effect). Methods: A human application test was conducted for 4 weeks on 20 adult female participants aged 20–60 years to assess the effects of the patch product on the three variables mentioned above. Results: The evaluation of calf swelling demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in swelling compared with that in the untreated area (p<0.05). In the assessment of blood circulation, the rate of change in the patch-applied area was significantly higher, confirming its beneficial effect of enhancing circulation (p<0.05). Finally, the skin temperature evaluation showed a statistically significant increase of 6.84% in the patch-applied area after a single application compared with the baseline, supporting its immediate thermogenic effect (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings confirm that the patch product formulated with the active ingredients Derma Genie™ and Elixir Stone™ is effective at reducing calf swelling, improving blood circulation, and increasing skin temperature.

目的: 本研究旨在评估含有Derma GenieTM和Elixir StoneTM有效成分的贴片产品在缓解小腿浮肿、促进血液循 环以及提高皮肤温度(热感)方面的功效。方法: 本研究以20名20-60岁的成年女性为研究对象，进行为期4周的临 床评估试验，评价贴片产品对缓解小腿浮肿、改善血液循环及提升皮肤温度(热感)的效果。结果: 缓解小腿浮肿 的评价结果为，与未使用贴片的对照部位相比，使用贴片部位小腿浮肿显著减少，统计学分析显示差异具有显 著性(p <0.05)；改善血液循环的评价结果为，使用贴片部位的血液流动变化率显著提高，证实该产品有助于促 进血液循环(p <0.05)；提升皮肤温度(热感)的评价结果为，与使用前相比，使用贴片部位的皮肤温度在单次使用 后立即显著上升6.84%，表明该产品仅一次使用即可产生明显的热感效果(p <0.05)。结论: 研究结果表明，含有 Derma GenieTM及Elixir StoneTM有效成分的贴片产品对缓解小腿浮肿、改善血液循环及提高皮肤温度(热感)具有 显著效果。

본 논문은 단일 이미지에서 초해상도 영상 생성을 위해 저해상도 이미지에서 생성한 패치정보를 기반으로 선형 보간하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기존의 초해상도 생성 방법인 전역 공간의 회귀 모델을 사용하면 특정 영역에 대해 참조할 정보가 부족하여 일반적으로 품질이 떨어지는 결과가 나타난다. 이러한 결과를 보완하기 위해 제안하는 방법은 초해상도 이미지 생성 과정에서 영상을 패치 단위로 지역을 분할하여 의미있는 정보를 수집하고, 수집된 정보를 기반으로 초해상도 이미지 생성을 위해 확장시킨 이미지 매트릭스 영역의 구성정보를 분석하여 선형 보간 과정을 거치고 패치정보를 대응시켜 탐색한 최적의 패치 정보를 기준으로 선형 보간하는 방법을 제안하였다. 실험을 위해 원본 이미지를 복원된 영상과 PSNR, SSIM으로 비교 평가하였다.

In this paper, we propose a linear interpolation method based on patch information generated from a low - resolution image for generating a super resolution image in a single image. Using the regression model of the global space, which is a conventional super resolution generation method, results in poor quality in general because of lack of information to be referred to a specific region. In order to compensate for these results, we propose a method to extract meaningful information by dividing the region into patches in the process of super resolution image generation, analyze the constituents of the image matrix region extended for super resolution image generation, We propose a method of linear interpolation based on optimal patch information that is searched by correlating patch information based on the information gathered before the interpolation process. For the experiment, the original image was compared with the reconstructed image with PSNR and SSIM.

In this paper, Wireless Power Transfer(WPT) technology with automatically measuring a efficiency of load and automatically regulating a device coil has been contained. It used resonant type because it is more convenient and more efficiency than induced type and Radio Frequency(RF) type. An attenuation coefficient between coil and coil decides a efficiency of load by a efficiency formula. For measuring power and for moving coil, it used Micro Controller Unit(MCU), current sensor and stepping motor. As a result, the coil is located a position that it is the biggest efficiency of load.