Earticle

According to data from the National Statistical Office, by 2022, Korea will enter a super-aged society, with the population aged 65 or older accounting for more than 20% of the total population. This global aging phenomenon requires deeper consideration of the physical environment along with inevitable social changes. Due to the corona pandemic, the isolation and social distancing of the elderly caused more difficulties in daily life by cutting off human and social relationships. Through this study, we seek to secure basic data to build a physical space that can increase the satisfaction of elderly people's life in their old age, and seek the direction of space creation accordingly. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 44 elderly people aged 65 or older residing in the Busan area. Through this study, the overall satisfaction with old age life was higher in the late elderly (75-85 years old) than in the early elderly (64-74 years old). The quality of life and satisfaction of the elderly were found to have the greatest impact on interpersonal and social relationships. In addition, it was confirmed once again that the basic requirement for creating a physical environment in which the elderly can increase their life satisfaction is interaction with people. Therefore, a physical environment such as a place where the elderly can comfortably interact with people and a space where they can participate in the community should be actively provided.

본 연구는 제천시 거주 장애인가족을 대상으로 돌봄, 교육 및 취업, 장애인식, 지역사회 내 장애 관련 전문 의료 및 치료시설 여건에 대한 장애인가족의 욕구를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 영유아기, 학령기, 성인기 장애자녀를 각각 1명씩 양육하고 있는 장애인가족 중 주돌 봄자 3명을 선정하여 집단 면접 조사를 실시하였다. 집단면접은 2014년 4월 16일, 1회, 3시간 동안 실시되었고, 이를 통하여 자료를 수집하고 분석하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 각 영역별에서 장애인가족은 어려움과 다양한 욕구가 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 제천시 거주 장애인가족 을 위한 복지서비스 개발의 기초자료로 활용하는데 기여하고자 한다.

The purpose of this study is to find out the needs of the family members living with a handicapped offspring in terms of caring, education, job finding, perception of handicap, and the medical and treatment facilities of handicapped people in Jecheon City. For this purpose, we selected three (3) main caring members of each family of handicapped offspring ranging the age of toddler/child, school- aged, or adolescent and conducted a group interview with the selected family members. The one-time group interview was conducted for 3 hours on April 16, 2014. The result of data analysis shows that the family members of a handicapped offspring experience the difficulties and express a variety of needs in each and every category. The result of this study would contribute to develop the welfare service for them.

본 연구는 학교 내 복지서비스 전문 인력들의 개인의 자질 및 업무능력향상을 위한 보수교육의 욕구가 강하게 나타나고 있음에 기초를 두고 선행연구에서 다루고 있지 않은 기존 보수교육의 만족도, 보수교육 욕구(교육내용, 교육방식, 교육형태, 교육시간)등을 조사했다. 이에 경기지역 학교사회복지사와 지역사회교육전문가 32명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 추가적으로 3명의 학교사회복지사와 지역사회교육전문가를 대상으로 초점집단 면접을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 현재 학교 내 복지서비스 전문 인력들의 보수교육에 대한 욕구는 매우 높았으며 보다 실제적인 보수교육 프로그램을 필요로 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구결과를 토대로 학교 내 복지서비스 전문 인력의 전문성 신장과 역량강화를 위한 보수교육의 활성화 방안을 몇 가지 제안하였는데 그 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 클라이언트의 욕구를 해결하면서 학교 내 복지서비스 전문 인력의 전문성을 강화할 수 있는 보수교육의 기회를 확대하여야 할 것이다. 둘째, 학교사회복지사의 경력과 보수교육 이수정도에 따라 차별화된 보수교육과정을 마련하여야 할 것이다. 셋째, 현장 실무자의 욕구에 근간한 교육내용과 교육방식으로 보수교육을 운영하여야 할 것이다.

This study planned to investigate satisfaction of existing continuing education, desires for continuing education (Education contents, education method, education types, and education time, and etc.) which were not researched in previous studies based on the fact that desires of school social workers and community education specialists for continuing education for improving individual qualification and pratice competence are emerging strongly. For this end, we have carried out questionnaire survey for the object people of 32 school social workers and community education specialists and focus group for 3 school social workers and community education in Gyeonggi region. As the result of this study, desires of school social workers and community education specialists for continuing education are currently very high and it was turned out that they need actual and practical continuing education programs. So, we have suggested several plans to invigorate continuing education for enhancing professionalism and reinforcement of competence of school social workers based on the result of this research and its contents are as follows. First, we shall expand opportunities of conditon education for school social workers and community education specialists in order to satisfy a client's needs and to reinforce abilities of school social workers and community education specialists. Second, we shall prepare differentiated continuing education courses according to level of careers and completion of continuing education of school social workers and community education specialists. Third, continuing education shall be operated in contents of education and education methods based on desires of school social worker and community education specialists.

The purpose of this study is to investigate perceptions and needs for meditation education among adolescents according to the meditation experience. For this purpose, a survey was conducted targeting 221 adolescents. The results derived from this study are as follows. First, there were significant differences in lying down meditation, walking meditation, story meditation, and awareness of the purpose of meditation education in the perception of adolescents' meditation types according to meditation experience. In the perception of the necessity of meditation education by adolescents according to meditation experience, there was a significant difference in perception of the necessity of meditation education, and there was a significant difference in 'to improve my academic achievement'. Second, according to the meditation experience, it was found that there was a significant difference in the demand for operation time, activity time, and activity cycle of adolescents' meditation education program. This study is meaningful in that it provided basic data for the construction of a meditation program for youth in the future by examining the perception and demand for meditation education according to the meditation experiences of adolescents.

본 연구의 목적은 AIDT 활용 역량에 대한 초등 예 비 교사의 인식과 요구 사항 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구 의 결과는 초등예비교사 대상으로 AIDT 교육과정 개 발의 기초자료로도 활용될 수 있으며, 궁극적으로 초 등교육의 디지털 전환을 위한 실천적 기반을 마련하는 데 기여할 수 있을 것이라 여겨진다. 연구의 대상은 초 등예비교사 100명을 대상으로 설문을 통해 조사하였 다. 초등과학 ‘지구와 우주’ 영역의 내용에 대해서 AIDT 활용 방법을 안내하고 관련 AI를 활용하여 학습 하였다. AIDT 활용 역량에 대한 초등 예비 교사의 인 식과 요구 사항을 알아보기 위해 설문을 작성하여 실 시한 결과를 분석(RPN) 하였다. 본 연구는 2025년 3월 1일부터 6월 30일까지 한 학기 동안 학습 후 설문을 실시하였다. 이에 대한 연구 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫 째, 초등 예비 교사들은 AIDT를 활용한 교육이 전문성 향상과 교직 수행 능력 제고에 핵심적이라고 인식하고 있다. 교사 전문성·성장 필요성과 직무 필수성·정책 정 합성에 대한 요구가 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 초등 예비 교사들은 AIDT(AI 기반 교수설계도구) 활용 역 량 강화를 위한 교육적 요구는 ‘기초 이해 및 활용 능 력’이다. 이는 예비 교사들이 AIDT의 기본 개념이나 기능에 대해 전반적으로 이해도가 낮으며, 기초적인 이론 및 실습 중심의 역량 강화 교육이 시급함을 보여 준다. 연구 결론을 중심으로 제언을 하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등학교 현직교사들을 대상으로 전교과에서 AIDT를 적용하는데 대한 인식과 요구사항을 알아보았 으면 한다. 둘째, 초등학생들을 대상으로 AIDT를 적용 한 후 학생들의 인지적, 정의적 영역에 변화에 대한 검 증을 할 필요가 있다고 본다. 셋째, 교육활동에서 AI활 용에 대한 현직교사들의 활용 능력향상을 위한 정책에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions and needs of elementary school pre-service teachers regarding their competency in using AIDT (Artificial Intelligence Design Tools). The results of this study can be used as basic data for developing AIDT curricula for pre-service elementary teachers, and it is believed that it will ultimately contribute to establishing a practical foundation for the digital transformation of elementary education. The subjects of the study were surveyed among 100 pre-service elementary teachers. They were guided on how to use AIDT in the content area of 'Earth and Space' in elementary science and learned using related AI tools. To understand pre-service teachers' perceptions and needs regarding AIDT utilization competency, a questionnaire was developed and the results were analyzed (RPN). The survey was conducted after a semester of learning from March 1 to June 30, 2025. The conclusions of the study are as follows. First, pre-service elementary teachers perceive that education using AIDT is key to enhancing professionalism and teaching capability. The highest demands were observed regarding the necessity of teacher professionalism and growth, job essentiality, and policy compliance. Second, pre-service teachers' educational needs for strengthening AIDT (AI-based instructional design tools) competency showed that 'basic understanding and utilization ability' is the priority. This indicates that pre-service teachers generally have a low understanding of the basic concepts and functions of AIDT, and there is an urgent need for training to enhance foundational theories and practices. Based on the study's conclusions, the following suggestions are made. First, it is recommended to explore the perceptions and needs of current elementary school teachers regarding the application of AIDT across all subjects. Second, it is necessary to verify the changes in the cognitive and affective domains of elementary students after applying AIDT to them. Third, research is needed on policies to enhance the utilization ability of current teachers in using AI in educational activities.

학교 관리자는 교사의 창의적인 역량을 향상시키는 환경, 문화, 구조를 창출하는데 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있지만, 학습자 및 교사 측면에서의 창의성 연구에 비해 학교 관리자의 창의 리더십에 대한 관심은 비교적 적었 다. 이 논문에서는 창의 리더십 강화를 위한 초·중등 관리자의 직무연수에 참여한 만족도와 견해를 살펴보았다. 2020-Ⅰ, 2020-Ⅱ, 2021-Ⅰ의 연수시기에 참여한 교장 및 교감 총 67명의 만족도 조사 자료와 답변을 일원분산 분석 및 질적데이터코딩으로 분석하였다. 창의 리더십 강화를 위한 연수과정의 만족도, 연수운영에 대한 만족도, 개별 프로그램의 구성과 내용에 대한 만족도를 제시하였으며, 연수시기별 효과도 비교하였다. 참여한 창의 리더 십 강화 연수에 대한 관리자의 평가 및 질적 개선에 대한 견해를 정리하였다. 직무연수 참여자의 피드백을 반영 하여 창의 리더십 강화 초·중등학교 관리자 연수를 지속적으로 개선하고 양질의 직무연수를 제공할 필요가 있다.

Though school leaders play a crucial role in encouraging the creative school environment, culture, and system that might improve the creative competencies of teachers, there has been little attention to the creative leadership of school supervisors. In this paper, we provide the satisfaction and view of elementary and secondary school leaders who were involved in professional development training for enhancing creative leadership. Using one-way ANOVA and qualitative data coding, we analyze the survey responses from the 67 in-service principals and vice-principals during three different training periods as 2020-Ⅰ, 2020-Ⅱ, and 2021-Ⅰ. We present and compare the result on their satisfaction in terms of satisfaction regarding the process, administrative supports, and optional programs among the training. Next, we explore how the school administrators think the creative leadership training and proposal for its improvement. Based on the feedback for these stakeholders, further studies need to steadily enhance the professional development training for creative leadership and practical program contents.

본고에서는 A대학의 일본어 관련 학과 전공 학생들을 대상으로 전공 커리큘럼에 대한 니즈를 앙케트 조사를 통해 분석하였다. 그 결과, 학생들의 전공 커리큘럼에 대한 니즈를 5가지로 정리하고 그 시사점을 제시할 수 있었다. 1)실용성(최신성) : 실생활에서 활용가능하며 현재의 일본을 이해할 수 있는 실용적이며　트랜디한 교육내용, 2)다양성 : 각 분야별 다양한 과목의 개설 및 다양한 매체와 수업방식, 3)전문성(구체성) : 대학에서만 배울 수 있는 전문성과 구체성이 있는 교육 내용, 4)차별성 : 각 과목별 차별화된 교육내용과 수업방식, 5)연계성 : 각 학기별, 학년별 과목간의 교육내용 및 난이도의 조정과 연계이와 같은 A대학 일본어 관련 전공 커리큘럼에 대한 학습자들의 니즈는 새로운 전공 과목을 개설하고 실행하는데 활용 가능할 것이다. 또한, 전공과목을 늘리는 것만으로 커리큘럼의 개선이 이루어지는 것이 아니라 기존 과목들의 교육내용과 매체, 교수법 등을 개선하고 내실화하는데 학습자들의 니즈를 반영하고 활용하는 것이 더욱 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey of undergraduates enrolled in Japanese-related courses at University A to determine their needs in terms of their major course curriculums. These needs involve five attributes: 1) Practicality (currentness): practical and trendy instructional contents applicable to the real world and help them understand Japan; 2) Diversity: offering a wide range of course units with diversified media and instructional methods; 3) Specialty(specificity): tertiary instructional contents that help equip students with specialty and specificity, 4) Differentiation: differentiated instructional contents and methods in each course, and 5) Connectedness: the instructional contents and their level of difficulty are adjusted and connected among course units per semester and year. The findings as to the satisfaction and needs of learners from University A are expected to facilitate the arrangement and offering of major new course units. In addition, increasing the number of major courses is not guaranteed to improve curriculums. Rather, the instructional contents, media, and methods of existing course units should be improved and their quality reinforced in view of learners’ needs.

The current study aims to examine whether or not there are any perceptual differences in learning English between students taking EGP courses and those taking ESP courses, and then, to find out whether or not the usefulness, their perception and attitudes towards English studies in the ESP group do not differ from each other across students in differing years. The subjects were 150 students from a university in Busan, Korea. For the instrument, the self-developed questionnaire survey was used to highlight their perceived needs and attitudes. The key findings were as follows: First, the comparison between the two groups showed that the ESP group is much more aware of the needs of ESP courses for their future career choices and the importance of specialized English than their counterpart. Second, the ESP group did not demonstrate statistically significant differences among freshmen, sophomores, and juniors, which suggests that they share the same perception and attitudes towards studying ESP courses. Based on the results from the study, suggestions will be made for the improvement of ESP programs in Korea

The paper suggests teamwork for translation for more integrated and holistic approach in translating. The focus of the curriculum of most translation and interpretation graduate schools in Korea has been on individual work rather on team approach. The market for translating and interpreting has been going through so rapid evolution and diversification, which requires adaptability from translators or interpreters. Translating or interpreting is not just about language fluency. The translator needs to be trained to be able to handle the translation at hand as an organism which has its function in the polysystem of the given society at the given time. Translation requires far more than the linguistic or transcoding abilities of an individual translator. The published books translated into Korean from English have been studied and found to be lacking most in preserving the linguistic register of the source text. The Korean translation market needs the strategic and holistic perspectives in dealing with the translation. The whole process of translating encompasses initiation, negotiation, and revision as well. The translator also needs to be a strategist. The process involved is too complex to be competently handled by an individual translator. Therefore, translating team needs to work together to make the translation the most appropriate for the purpose. The school curriculum also needs to motivate the students to have the holistic view whenever they are faced with the translating job.

목적: 본 연구는 요양병원 종사자의 감염예방·관리(Infection Prevention and Control, IPC) 교육요구를 파악하고, Borich Needs Assessment 모델, 중요도-수행도 분석(Importance-Performance Analysis, IPA), Locus for Focus (LFF) 모델을 활용하여 교육 우선순위를 도출하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 본 연구는 2026년 1월 5일부터 1월 16일까지 경상북도 소재 2개 요양병원 종사자 162명을 대상으로 시행한 서술적 횡단조사연구이다. 4주기 요양병원 의료기관 인증기준과 국가 의료관련감염 감시 매뉴얼을 근거로 IPC 8개 영역, 32개 문항으로 구성된 도구를 개발하고 수정·보완하였다. 대상자는 각 문항에 대한 중요도와 인지된 수행도를 평가하였다. 수집된 자료는 기술통계, 대응표본 t-검정, Borich 요구도 점수, IPA 및 LFF 모델을 이용하여 분석하였으며, IPA와 LFF의 기준선은 전체 평균값을 기준으로 설정하였다. 결과: 의료인과 비의료인 모두 IPC 8개 영역 전체에서 중요도 점수가 수행도 점수보다 높게 나타났다. 영역 수준에서 교육 우선순위는 직종에 따라 차이가 있었으나, 전체 대상자에서는 표준주의와 전파경로별 주의가 최우선 개선 영역으로 확인되었다. 의료인에서는 전파경로별 주의, 표준주의가 최우선 영역으로 나타났고, 비의료인에서는 표준주의와 다제내성균 및 항생제 관리가 최우선 영역으로 도출되었다. 결론: 요양병원의 IPC 교육은 통합적이고 역할 및 역량 기반의 교육체계로 제공될 필요가 있다. 특히 표준주의와 전파경로별 주의를 중심으로 기관 전반의 핵심 실무를 표준화하는 동시에, 직무 범위와 업무 과정에 부합하는 직군별 심화 교육 모듈을 제공해야 한다. 또한 교육 효과를 높이기 위해 모니터링, 피드백, IPC 자원 접근성 보장과 같은 조직적 지원이 병행되어야 한다.

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify educational needs for infection prevention and control (IPC) among staff in long-term care hospitals and to determine education priorities using the Borich model, importance-performance analysis (IPA), and the Locus for Focus (LFF) model. Methods: A descriptive cross- sectional survey was conducted with 162 staff members from two long-term care hospitals in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea (January 5 to 16, 2026). A 32-item instrument across eight IPC domains was developed and refined based on the fourth cycle long-term care hospital accreditation standards and the national healthcare- associated infection surveillance manual. Participants rated the importance and perceived performance of each item. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, Borich need scores, IPA, and LFF, with crosshairs based on the overall mean values. Results: Across all eight IPC domains, importance scores exceeded performance scores in both healthcare professionals and allied health personnel. At the domain level, priorities varied by occupation: overall, standard precautions and transmission-based precautions were the highest priorities. Among healthcare professionals, transmission-based precautions ranked first, followed by standard precautions, whereas among allied health personnel, standard precautions and multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) and antibiotic stewardship were identified as top priorities. Conclusion: IPC education in long-term care hospitals should be delivered as an integrated, role- and competency-based training system that standardizes facility-wide core practices-particularly standard precautions and transmission-based precautions-while providing job-specific advanced modules aligned with occupational scope and work processes, and should be supported by organizational measures such as monitoring, feedback, and ensuring access to IPC resources.

이 연구는 사회정책의 ‘필요’(needs) 개념에 입각하여 기본소득에 대해 검토하였다. 인간의 필요(need) 는 사회정책의 심장이며, 복지국가의 중추인 소득보장제도는 필요충족을 위한 사회권을 통해 제도화되었기 때문이다. 이 연구는 이점에 근거하여 소득보장제도와 비교를 통해 접근하였으며, 기본소득이 사회정책의 ‘필요’ 개념에 부합하지 않는다는 점을 지적하였다. 이와 같은 비판은 기본소득이 필요에 따른 재분배체계가 아니며, 반(反)집합적이며 개인주의적 정책에 가깝다는 점에 기초했다. 기본소득은 필요충족의원칙에 위배된다. 전통적 의미에서 사회정책과 무관하며, 조세정책이나 부의 재분배 정책에 가까운 것이다. 또한 필요충족을 위한 사회권과 무관한 기본소득은 복지국가의 재상품화 경향과 조응할 수 있다. 소득보장제도의 탈상품화 기능을 철폐함으로써 한계노동인구의 노동공급을 촉진하여 노동시장의 분절구조를더욱 공고히 할 공산이 크다. 기본소득은 근로유인에 친화적이며 임금보조정책의 성격을 가졌기 때문이다. 또한 개인화된 접근의 특성상 기본소득은 표준적인 필요에 기초하여 집합적으로 조직된 소득보장 시스템을 해체하고 사회서비스 시장화에 조응할 가능성이 충분하다. 기본소득이 복지국가를 보완하거나, 대안이 되기엔 위험한 도구인 것이다. 따라서 이 연구는 기본소득이 아닌 소득보장제도의 확충에 대한 논의에 집중해야 한다고 주장했다. 불안정한 노동시장을 주어진 숙명으로 받아드리면서 복지국가가 이에 적응하는 데 초점을 맞추는 접근에서 벗어나야할 필요성도 언급했다. 그리고 인간의 필요와 사회권의 관점에서 노동시장 개혁과 소득보장제도의 확충을 함께 모색해야 한다고 제언했다.

This article reviewed Unconditional Basic Income(UBI) based on the concept of ‘needs ‘ in social policy, because needs is at the heart of social policy and Income Maintenance Institutions became institutionalized in order to ensure social right to satisfaction needs. Therefore, this article examined UBI by comparing it with income maintenance institutions, and pointed out that it does not support the concept of ‘needs’ in social policy. The criticism was based on the grounds that (i) UBI is not redistribution according to needs, and (ii) it is closer to individualised measure than to collectivist one. UBI violates the principle of needs satisfaction. It is irrelevant to social policy in the traditional sense, and, rather, similar to tax policy or redistribution one of wealth in its nature. Also, UBI, which is irrelevant to social right to need satisfaction, may correspond to the re-commodification tendency in welfare states. It is likely to reinforce the labour market segmentation by eliminate de-commodification enabled by income maintenance institutions and, thereby, accelerating the supply of labour powers. UBI supports work incentives and supplements wage. Also, considering its individualized approach, UBI entails considerable probability to dismantle income maintenance systems and support marketisation of social services. It is because UBI is a risk instrument for supplementing or providing an alternative to welfare state. Therefore, this article suggested the relevant discussions focus on expanding income maintenance institutions rather than adoption UBI, and discussed the need to accept instability of the labor market as well as to change the current approach to and focus on adaptation to it. Furthermore, the article proposed examination of the labour market reform and expansion of income maintenance institutions from the viewpoints of human need and social right.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the importance and performance levels of the duties related to public health crisis response of the aircraft quarantine officials and to analyze their educational needs for public health crisis. Methods: The subjects were quarantine officials at Incheon airport in Korea, and data from a total of 121 individuals were utilized for analysis. Data were analyzed by an independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA for the importance and performance of duties regarding public health crisis according to general characteristics. An Importance-performance analysis (IPA) and Borich needs assessment model were used to analyze public health crisis education needs. Results: The IPA analysis revealed that the area requiring focused improvement efforts (concentrate here), where importance is high, but performance is low, primarily includes epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases. The Borich needs assessment was used to identify the following priority items: epidemiological investigation of emerging infectious diseases, occurrence of social disaster after patient isolation, donning and doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE), and epidemiological investigation of respiratory infectious diseases. Conclusion: Based on these results, it will be necessary to develop and implement practical education and training programs for aircraft quarantine officials.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to adopt an instrument suitable for assessing the informational needs of Korean women with breast cancer. Methods This was a cross-cultural adaptation into Korean and quantitative validation of the 52-item Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaire of Breast Cancer (TINQ-BC). In the validation phase, we assessed the psychometric properties of the instrument in a cross-sectional survey of 164 Korean women with breast cancer participating in self-support groups. Results Construct and content validity of the instrument was established. Internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha was .97. Using confirmatory factor analysis, factor loadings ranging from .54 to .87 were obtained and considered satisfactory. All 52 items of the TINQ-BC were found to be effective at measuring the informational needs of Korean women with breast cancer. According to the adapted scale, the Korean Informational Needs Questionnaire of Breast Cancer, the informational needs of Korean women with breast cancer were high, with a mean total score of 203.61 (standard deviation, 34.43; range, 109?255). Conclusion The TINQ-BC, developed and tested in Canada, was adapted and successfully utilized in this study in Korea, indicating that it has the potential to assess the informational needs of women with breast cancer on an international basis. Health care professionals must be aware of the domains of information that these women perceive to be important so that educational interventions can be effectively planned and executed.

Purpose: This study analyzed educational needs of home care nurses to improve the quality of home care service and identify priority educational subjects. Methods: This study analyzed the training priorities of 54 home care nurses working at community service centers or public health centers in Seoul, Korea, using the Borich Needs Assessment and the Locus of Focus model. The home care nurses’ tasks were categorized into 21 tasks and 85 task elements. Results: Six priority educational subjects were identified: 1) health assessment and monitoring, 2) nursing records and information management, 3) health education and counseling techniques, 4) home care supplies management, 5) recipient identification and communication skills, and 6) care recipient classification and management. Activities related to one-on-one health management, such as health screening, measurements, and disease management counseling, were found to be high priorities. In contrast, small group program planning and operation were rated as a low priority. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of incorporating identified educational needs into training curricula for home care nurses. Regular assessment and integration of these needs into educational programs are crucial for enhancing nursing competence and service quality.

Purpose: This study examined the needs for asthma education programs as perceived by school-age children, parents, and teachers and investigated parents' and teachers' expectations for incorporating augmented reality (AR) in asthma education. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 339 participants: 125 school-age children, 132 parents, and 82 teachers. Data were collected from children, parents, and teachers on the need for asthma education, the requirements for asthma education, and the expectations of parents and teachers for incorporating AR in asthma education. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, and the Scheffe? test. Results: Asthmatic children and their peers, parents, and teachers all felt there was a significant need for education about asthma, with education on how to deal with an asthma attack being needed the most. The incorporation of AR programs in asthma education was viewed positively by both parents and teachers. Conclusion: An AR children's asthma education program should be developed in which children with asthma and their peers, parents, and teachers can participate together. Furthermore, it is expected that children with asthma will independently undertake more effective disease management after attending an AR asthma education program.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the educational needs of parents of infants and toddlers with congenital heart disease (CHD) after hospital discharge. Methods: Qualitative content analysis was conducted of in-depth interviews of eight parents, and the results of an online survey of 171 parents were analyzed quantitatively. Results: Only 16.4% of parents reported that they had received education after hospital discharge on how to provide care for a child with CHD at home. The main reason why parents did not receive education on this topic was that they did not have sufficient opportunities or information (75.5%). In addition, 97.1% of parents stated that they needed educational programs that would be available at home after discharge. In terms of specific educational content, parents expressed the highest needs for education on the symptoms of CHD and ways to cope with them, the prognosis of CHD, and the growth and development of infants and toddlers with CHD. Conclusion: The study showed that parents’ educational needs were high in many ways. However, the information and educational opportunities offered after discharge were insufficient compared to those needs. Further research is needed to develop post-hospital educational programs that meet their needs.

Objective To investigate medical comorbidities and needs for medical and rehabilitation services of adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in Korea.Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study. One hundred fifty-four adults with CP were enrolled in the study between February 2014 and December 2014. Information was obtained from participants regarding functional status, demographic and socioeconomic data, medical problems, and requirements for and utilization of medical and rehabilitation services.Results The participants included 93 males and 61 females with a mean age of 40.18±9.15 years. The medical check-up rate of adults with CP was lower than that of healthy adults and the total population with disabilities (53.2% vs. 58.6% vs. 70.4%). A quarter of the subjects failed to visit the hospital during the past year, and the main reason was the financial burden. Due to a cost burden and lack of knowledge, more than one-third of the subjects had unmet needs for rehabilitation services; the majority reported needs for rehabilitation services, such as physical therapy for pain management.Conclusion The medical check-up rate was lower in the adults with CP, even though their medical comorbidities were not less than those of healthy people. Several non-medical reasons hindered them from receiving proper medical and rehabilitation services. Such barriers should be managed effectively.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students. Methods: An explorative, sequential, mixed-methods design was used. Qualitative content analysis was conducted of in-depth interviews of six nursing students, five clinical practice faculty members, and five nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit. The results of a survey of 174 nursing students were analyzed quantitatively. Results: Nursing students, clinical practice faculty members, and nurses wanted opportunities for direct nursing practice and education in school during neonatal intensive care practice. In terms of specific educational content, nursing students expressed the highest observation-related educational needs for communication with medical team members, and they expressed the highest practice-related educational needs for operating medical equipment used for neonatal intensive care. The nursing students' needs with regard to the method of practice education were highest for orientation from the head nurses. Conclusion: Communication and operating medical equipment were found to be areas with high educational needs for practicing neonatal intensive care among Korean nursing students. Further research is needed to develop an educational framework and setting for practicing neonatal intensive care that would meet their needs.

Purpose: Mothers of infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) need to be recognized as essential partners of the care team as their presence and involvement are key to infants' health and developmental outcomes. Addressing mothers' perceived needs is beneficial for the improvement of supportive nursing care; however, little qualitative research on their unmet needs has been conducted in South Korea. This study assessed mothers' perspectives on their NICU experiences and their unmet needs within the South Korean cultural context. Method: A cross-sectional, multicentered, secondary analysis study was conducted using the written responses to an open-ended questionnaire. Of the 344 NICU-experienced mothers, 232 throughout South Korea (seven cities and five provinces) voluntarily completed the questionnaire via smartphone-based or web-based surveys. Their narrative responses were analyzed using thematic content analysis guided by the critical incident technique. Results: Four themes emerged. NICU-experienced mothers of preterm infants referred to the “familyfriendly environment” (16.4%) as a positive experience. The greatest unmet need was “relationship-based support” (58.2%), followed by “information and education-based support” (20.0%) and “system-level challenges” (5.4%). Conclusion: The importance of creating a family-friendly NICU environment should be emphasized by ensuring 24-hour unrestricted access and encouraging active parental involvement in infant care, as well as actively supporting NICU families through supportive words and actions. The assurance of antiinfection management and better staffing levels should be fundamentally guaranteed to NICU staff.