Earticle

본 연구는 최근 제4차 산업혁명과 더불어 중요한 요소인 빅데이터를 활용하여 인터넷 정보검색량과 정보탐색 행동이 게임성과에 미치는 영향과 성과지표들에 관하여 최근의 연구 흐름과 논의에 대하여 정리해 보고자 한다. 특히 빅데이터는 극한적 불확실성이 지배하는 엔터테인먼트 산업에서 빅데이터의 활용이 급증하고 있다. 따라서 빅데이터를 대상으로 한 변수가 객관적으로 타당성이 높다는 관련 연구를 검토한다. 구글 트렌드를 통하여 인터넷 정보 검색량을 조사하는 관련 연구가 확대되고 있으므로 이에 관해 주요 연구가 무엇이 있는지 본 연구에서 검토한다. 소비자 행동 측면에서 정보 탐색 행동이 이론적으로 빅데이터 그리고 인터넷 정보검색량 그리고 게임성과와 관련을 모색하고자 한다. 마지막으로 게임성과에 관련된 최근 연구 동향과 게임성과에 활용할 수 있는 지표들이 어떤 것이 있는지를 검토한다. 이를 토대로 향후 빅데이터, 인터넷 정보 검색량, 정보탐색 행동이 소비자들의 게임 이용에 미치는 관련 연구들을 종합적으로 검토할 수 있다. 그리고 이를 통하여 차후 실증연구를 위한 모델을 수립하고 의미 있는 게임산업의 성과를 창출할 수 있는 소비자들의 정보검색량과 게임성과 간의 상관관계 및 인과관계의 전후를 분석할 수 있는 기초를 마련할 것으로 기대된다. 학문적으로는 관련 문헌과 이론들을 조사하여 연구 흐름을 파악하고 실증연구를 위한 단서를 제공할 수 있다. 또한, 전략적으로는 기업이 게임소비자들이 어떻게 정보를 탐색하여 빅 데이터에 반영이 되어 게임이용률을 높이는데 일조하는가에 대한 의미를 찾고 그에 대한 전략적 대응방안을 마련할 수 있는 단서가 될 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to summarize recent research trends and discussions on the effects of internet information search volume and information search behavior on game performance and performance indicators using big data which along with fourth industrial revolution is an important factor. In particular, big data is experiencing a surge in the use of Big Data in the entertainment industry, which is dominated by extreme uncertainties. Therefore, we examine the relevant studies that resulted in big data variables being objectively valid. This study investigates the major researches on the search volume of internet information through Google Trend. In terms of consumer behavior, information search behaviors are theoretically sought to relate to big data, internet search volume, and game performance. Finally, we review recent research trends related to game performance and some indicators that can be applied to game performance. Based on this, it is possible to review the related studies on the use of big data, internet information search volume, and information search behavior in consumers in the future. We will establish a model for future empirical research and provide a basis for analyzing the correlation between the information retrieval amount and the game performance of the consumers who can create meaningful game industry performance, and before and after the causal relationship. Academically, it is possible to investigate relevant literature and theories to understand the flow of research and provide clues for empirical research. Also, strategically, it will be a clue to find out the meaning of the company to help the game consumers to search for information, to be reflected in the big data, and to increase the game utilization rate.

Purpose: This study focuses on intervention of the sling exercise combined with transcranial direct current stimulation to examine its effect on trunk muscle activity and game performance ability of soccer players. Methods: The study included 30 college soccer players and divided them into a sling exercise group (Group Ⅰ), which combines transcranial direct current stimulation, and a general sling exercise group (Group Ⅱ). Fifteen subjects were randomly assigned to each group. After receiving general soccer training, the subjects participated in a sling exercise combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (Group Ⅰ), and a general sling exercise (Group Ⅱ) for 30 min twice a week for eight weeks. Prior to intervention, the trunk muscle activity of the body (erector spinae, rectus abdominis, external oblique abdominal muscle) and the ability to perform the game (30 m sprint test and t-test) were analyzed. Eight weeks after the intervention, the above items were equally re-measured and an inter-group analysis was implemented. Results: As a result of a comparative analysis of trunk muscle activity and game performance ability between the groups, the sling exercise group (Group Ⅰ), which combined transcranial direct current stimulation, represented a statistically significant difference in trunk muscle activity and game performance ability compared to the general sling exercise group (Group Ⅱ). Conclusion: We discovered that the sling exercise, which combines transcranial direct current stimulation, is effective in improving body muscle activity and game performance ability. The use of transcranial direct current stimulation will activate muscles and improve exercise ability, which can be applied in training in various ways.

As the web game market grows, ensuring service stability through load testing has become increasingly important. Web games comprise a variety of functions with distinct internal logic, ranging from simple data retrieval to complex transaction processing. Therefore, a comparative performance analysis of load-testing tools that accounts for these functional characteristics is crucial for achieving reliable and efficient service operation. This paper evaluates the performance of four widely used load-testing tools—JMeter, k6, Gatling, and Locust—under representative web-game workloads. To emulate realistic database read and write patterns, we implement the core server logic of the web game Pokerogue in a cloud environment rather than simply issuing HTTP requests. We classified workload patterns into write-intensive, read-intensive, and mixed types using distributed tracing, and measured request-generation capability and system resource consumption across five key game functions. Our experiments show that each tool demonstrates distinct strengths depending on the characteristics of individual web-game functions. Specifically, k6 demonstrated high request-generation performance in write-intensive scenarios, while JMeter showed strong performance in read-oriented tasks; Gatling exhibited efficient memory usage in mixed workloads, whereas Locust proved suitable for resource-constrained environments. These results indicate that the selection of a load-testing tool should be informed not only by its request-generation performance but also by the workload characteristics of the target game function. By systematically analyzing function-specific workload patterns together with the performance and resource-usage behavior of each tool, this study aims to provide empirical evidence that can be usefully applied in practical load-testing workflows for web-game services.

Purpose: It is necessary for a good baseball player to have various physical attributes including good muscle strength and sensitive proprioception. Childhood and adolescence are very important in developing these physical attributes, as they are suitable periods for acquiring basic physical strength and favorable physical attributes. Methods: Therefore, this study focused on the comparison of use of technology, physical characteristics, biomechanics, lifestyle, and game usage in children and adolescents. This study aimed to conduct research using basic data for more effective training and guidance. The included participants were 39 middle school students (3rd graders) and 42 elementary school students (6th graders) who participated in the KBO Next Level Training Camp. Results: To summarize the results of this study, there was no significant difference in game usage between young and adolescent players, and no evidence could be derived that suggested game habits affect physical characteristics, kinematics, or technical skills. Secondly, there was a significant difference in the physical abilities of young and adolescent players, regardless of gaming habits. Thirdly, there were no differences in batting speed, attack angle, or order of body movement between young and adolescent players. However, there were significant differences between the average peak hand speed, vertical bat angle, pitch release speed, spin rate, and striking distance (p=.001). Conclusion: According to the conclusions drawn from this study, there were no differences in physical ability, kinematics, or performance between young and adolescent players according to gaming habits.

이 연구는 핸드볼 선수들이 인식하는 지도자신뢰와 스포츠자신감의 관계를 확인함과 동시에 경기수행능력의 매 개효과를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구목적에 따라 핸드볼 선수를 대상으로 총 314부의 설문을 실시하였으며, 이후 이중기입 등과 같은 문제가 발견된 설문지 4부를 제외한 총 310부의 설문지를 최종자료로 채택하였다. 이후 SPSS 21.0 및 AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 연구목적에 통계분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 지도자신뢰는 스포츠자신감과 경기수행능력에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 경기수행능력은 스포츠자신감에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으 로 나타났다. 둘째, 핸드볼선수들이 인지하는 지도자신뢰와 스포츠자신감의 관계는 경기수행능력이 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effects of the Game perfomence on the Relationship trust of leader between the sportconfidence. Participants. The data were collected in the 310 handball players with purposive sampling of nonprobability sampling. The collected data were analysed with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 for CFA, reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and structure equation analysis. First of all, trust of leader of the players had positive effect on sport confidence. Secondly, trust of leader of the players had positive effect on game performance, and game performance had positively affect sport confidence. Lastly, game performance of the players partial mediated the relationship between trust of leader and sport confidence.

[목적] 본 연구에서는 위와 같은 선행연구를 토대로 골프선수들의 운동몰입이 운동수행능력, 자기효능감, 경기력 향상 등의 내외적 요인들과의 관계성을 분석하고자 하였다. [방법] 이를 위해 2020년 7월 현재 국내 골프 선수들 을 대상으로 290부의 설문지를 배포하여 총 287부를 회수하였다. [결과] 첫째, 운동몰입과 운동수행능력의 관계에 서는 운동몰입의 인지몰입과 행위몰입 요인이 운동수행능력의 심리적성숙, 경기수행성공, 경기수행성숙에 긍정적 인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 운동몰입과 자기효능감에서는 운동몰입의 인지몰입과 행위몰입 요인이 자기효능감의 자신감에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 운동몰입의 행위몰입 요인이 자기효능감의 과 제난이도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 운동몰입과 경기력향상의 관계에서는 운동몰입의 인 지몰입과 행위몰입 요인이 경기력향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 골프선수들에게 인지 적, 행위적 운동몰입은 외적인 측면에 있어서는 긍정적인 영향을 보이는 것으로 나타났지만, 내적인 측면에 있어 서는 크게 부각되지 않는 것으로 알 수 있었다.

[Purpose] This study, basing on the above precedent study, analyzes the relationship, interior as well as external, on sports execution, self effectiveness, and game performance enhancement with golf player's sports immersion. [Method] For this purpose, as of July 2020, 290 questionnaires were distributed to domestic golf players, and a total of 287 copies were collected. [Result] First, as for the relationship between the sports immersion and sports execution, the factors of the recognition immersion and behavior immersion had an affirmative effect on psychological ripening, game execution success, and game execution ripening concerning on sports execution. Second, as for the relationship between the sports immersion and self-effectiveness, the factors of recognition immersion and behavior immersion had an affirmative effect on the self-confidence concerning on sports immersion, and the factor of behavior immersion had an affirmative effect on subject difficulty concerning on self-effectiveness. As for sports immersion and sports performance enhancement, the factors of recognition immersion and behavior immersion had an affirmative effect on sports performance enhancement concerning on sports immersion. [Conclusion] For golf players, cognitive and behavioral exercise immersion appeared to have a positive effect in the external aspect, but it was found not to be significantly emphasized in the internal aspect.

본 연구는 엘리트 복싱선수의 절실함이 운동몰입 및 경기수행능력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 검증하였다. 이 를 위해 대한복싱협회에 등록된 중학교, 고등학교, 대학교 선수를 대상으로 모집단을 선정한 후 총 279명을 분석하였 다. 자료처리는 SPSS 20.0과 AMOS 19.0 프로그램을 활용한 빈도분석, 탐색적·확인적 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 기술 통계분석, 상관관계 분석, 다중회귀 분석이다. 첫째, 엘리트 복싱선수의 절실함이 운동몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나 타났다. 인내와 극복, 자기절제, 성공기대는 인지몰입에 정(+)적 영향, 인내와 극복, 성공기대는 행위몰입에 정(+)적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 엘리트 복싱 선수의 절실함이 경기수행능력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 인내와 극복은 경 기수행성공에 정(+)적 영향, 자기절제는 심리적 성숙에 정(+)적 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 엘리트 복싱선수의 운동몰입은 경기수행능력에 영향을 미쳤다. 인지몰입과 행위몰입은 경기수행성공과 심리적 성숙에 정(+)적 영향을 미쳤다. 이상 의 결과를 바탕으로 엘리트 복싱선수의 복싱에 대한 절실함이 운동몰입 및 경기수행능력에 의미 있는 요인으로 작용한 다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of boxing athlete’s desperation on exercise flow and game performance. To this end, samples of middle school, high school, and university boxing athletes who registered in The Korea Boxing Association in 2017, were collected. The sample size was 279. Statistical methods used in analysis were frequency analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, variance analysis, correlation, descriptive statistical analysis, and multiple regression using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 19.0 program. Through these research methods and procedures, the following conclusions were drawn. First, boxing athlete’s desperation had an influence on exercise flow. Specifically, patience and overcome, self-control, and expectancy for success had a positive influence on cognitive flow. Also, patience and overcome and expectancy for success had a positive impact on behavioral flow. Second, boxing athlete’s desperation had an impact on game performance. Specifically, patience and overcome had a positive influence on game performance. Also, self-control had a positive impact on psychological maturity. Third, boxing athlete’s exercise flow had an influence on game performance. Specifically, cognitive flow and behavioral flow had a positive influence on game performance success and psychological maturity. Through these results, this study identified that boxing athlete’s desperation was a meaningful factor for exercise flow and game performance.

In this paper, the performance of 3D game rendering with and without application of frustum culling and PVS (Potentially Visible Set) culling is evaluated in FPS(frame per second).　Both frustum culling and PVS culling are two representative methods to efficiently remove invisible contents before a rendering stage in a large 3D game scene. As a result of the performance evaluation, frustum culling and PVS culling have a large effect on rendering performance. In case of not applying any culling, the average performance is decreased by 15.8% compared to the case where all culling is applied. Also, in this paper, the number of portals for indoor static contents in the 3D game contents used in the experiment is larger, so that the application of PVS culling has more influence on the performance than frustum culling.

[목적] 본 연구는 아마추어 스크린골퍼의 게임 기록을 활용한 경기력 분석을 하고자 총 타수와 퍼팅수, 멀리건 사용 횟수, 그리고 패널티 횟수를 이용하여 게임기록과 골퍼수준, 그리고 골퍼 수준별 게임기록을 비교분석하는 것이다. [방법] 아마추어 스크린골퍼들의 경기 기록을 활용하여 그들의 수준별 타수, 퍼팅수, 멀리건횟수, 그리고 패널티 횟 수를 분석하여 성별과 수준에 따른 차이가 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. [결과] 결과를 보면 우선 남녀 성별에 따른 게 임능력은 남성이 대체로 우수한 것으로 나타났으나 패널티는 여성이 덜 받는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 골퍼 수준 은 최우수골퍼는 남성이 여성에 비해 약 10% 높았으며, 우수와 평균골퍼는 남녀가 유사하였다. 그리고 초보골퍼는 여성 약 10%가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 수준별 게임 능력은 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. [결론] 아마추 어 스크린 골퍼의 성별 게임 능력은 일부 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으나 수준에 따른 차이는 없는 것을 알 수 있었 으며 다만 수준에 따라 능력 향상을 위해서는 자신의 부족한 부분을 채우기 위한 꾸준한 노력과 연습이 필요함을 나 타내는 결과라 하겠다.

[Purpose] This study aims to analyze the performance of amateur screen golfers using the game records, and o compare and analyze the game records by golfer level and golfer level using the total number of shots, putts, mulligans, and penalties. [Method] Using the game records, Analyzed the number of shots, putts, mulligans, and penalties by level and compared and analyzed whether there are differences by gender and level. [Result] Results were as follows: First, we found that men generally better at playing, but women were less likely to commit penalties. Second, we found that men were about 10% more likely to be top golfers, while women were similarly likely to be good and average golfers, and about 10% more likely to be novice golfers. Finally, there was no differences in game ability between the levels in male and female. [Conclusion] We found that amateur screen golfers have some gender differences in the game abilities, but there are no differences by level, However, the results indicate that in order to improve their skills, they need to continue to practice and work on their deficiencies.

본 연구는 한국 프로농구 선수들의 1차, 2차 stat을 바탕으로 객관적 성과지표를 구축하고 선수들의 경기수준에 따라 구단에서 지급되는 보수가 합리적으로 집행되어 책정되는지 여부에 대한 관련성을 검증하여 농구 종목에 특성에 부합하는 선수 종합평가 시스템 구축에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 2023-2024 시즌 KBL에 등록된 선수 194명을 연구대상으로 선정하고 이들 선수의 경기기록과 보수자료를 바탕으로 연구를 진행하였으며 주성분 분석 방법론을 활용하고 보수와 상관관계분석 및 다중상관 행렬도를 통하여 보수와 경기력 간의 연관성을 파악하하기 위해 R program 4.4.1 x64 버전으로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 프로농구 선수들의 연봉(보수) 산정에 직접적인 영향과 관계성 1차 stat은 직접적인 득점과 관련된 요인과 비득점이긴 득점과 연계 되거나 공격의 재 기회를 창출할 수 있는 요인들이 보수(연봉)과 연관성이 있음나타남. 둘째, 1차 stat 데이터 기반으로 가공된 다수의 2차 stat은 각 요인 특성에 따라 경기력 효율성 지표인 영향력 지수 요인(Infl.Index), 득점 효율성 요인 (PTS.Effcency), 리바운드 효율성 요인(Reb.Efficiency), 어시스트 효율성 요인(Ast.Efficiency), 수비 효율성 요인 (Def. Efficiency)과 같은 5개의 군집화가 이루어졌으며 이들 군집된 요인에 따라 보수(연봉)산정과는 긍정적 효과성이 있는 것으로 나타남.

This study aims to develop an objective performance index for Korean professional basketball players using primary and secondary statistics, and to examine whether player compensation by teams reasonably reflects their playing level. The purpose is to provide foundational data for building a comprehensive player evaluation system suited to basketball’s unique characteristics. A total of 194 players registered in the Korean Basketball League (KBL) for the 2023–2024 season were analyzed. Their game statistics and salary data were examined using principal component analysis. Further, correlation analysis and multiple correlation matrix visualization were conducted with R version 4.4.1 x64 to explore the relationship between compensation and performance. Results indicate that primary statistics directly related to scoring and non-scoring actions that support scoring or generate additional offensive chances significantly influence salary determination. Additionally, secondary statistics processed from primary data formed five performance efficiency clusters: Influence Index, Points Efficiency, Rebound Efficiency, Assist Efficiency, and Defensive Efficiency. These clusters showed a positive association with player compensation.

One of the most important reasons for using online game is intrinsic motivation which relates the drive to perform a behavior for perceptions of pleasure and satisfaction from the behavior itself. Therefore, most studies for using online game have been based on theories for intrinsic motivation such as flow. However, such theories have some limitations for explaining social aspects of online games such as Massively Multiplayer Online Role Game (MMORPG), which provides a society for game players by using a virtual space for playing games so called 'persistent world'. Adaptive structuration theory (AST) is one of trying to capture the change of using IT due to social interactions between users and system. In order to explain online game players' behavior considering social interaction, we suggest a research model based on AST. Our model aims to investigate the relationship between appropriation which is determined by faithfulness of appropriation (FOA) and consensus on appropriation (COA) and performance which is represented by the relationship among perceived winning, flow, and intention of reuse. An empirical test of our model for 125 MMORPG users which is analyzed by Partial Least Square method shows very satisfactory and interesting results. While hypotheses suggested in our model are supported, the influence of COA on game performance is shown to be stronger than that of FOA.

본 연구는 공연 제작 과정에서의 소통과 리허설 준비를 지원하기 위해 Unity 게임엔진 기반 프리비주얼라이제이션(Pre-Visualization, Pre-viz) 워크플로우를 제안한다. 기존 대 본 중심의 협업 방식은 무대 공간 구성, 배우 동선, 조명 연출을 사전에 충분히 공유하는 데 한계가 있다. 이를 보완하기 위해 실제 공연장을 디지털 트윈 환경으로 Unity 상에 구 현하고, 무대 디자인, 배우 동선, 조명 효과를 통합한 Pre-viz 영상을 제작하였다. Unity의 실시간 렌더링 특성은 연출 수정 사항의 신속한 반영과 제작진 간 정보 공유를 지원한다. 중형 규모 프로시니엄 극장을 대상으로 한 파일럿 사례를 통해 Pre-viz와 실제 공연 간의 높은 시각적 유사성을 확인할 수 있었으며, XR 기반 디지털 트윈 환경으로의 확장 가능성 도 탐색적으로 제시하였다. 본 탐색적 연구는 Unity 기반 Pre-viz가 공연 제작진 간 ‘공유 된 정신 모델’ 형성을 지원하고, 리허설 준비 과정의 효율화를 지원할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다.

This study proposes a Unity-based pre-visualization (Pre-viz) workflow to support communication and rehearsal preparation in stage productions. Conventional script-centered collaboration has limitations in conveying spatial composition, actor blocking, and lighting design prior to technical rehearsals. To address this, a digital twin of an actual theater was constructed in Unity, and integrated Pre-viz videos were developed. Unity’s real-time rendering enables rapid reflection of directorial changes and efficient information sharing among production teams. A pilot implementation for a medium-scale proscenium theater demonstrated high visual similarity between the Pre-viz and the actual performance, and the workflow was extended to XR-based digital twin environments to explore cross-venue simulation. As an exploratory study, this research suggests that Unity Pre-viz supports shared mental model formation and provides a foundation for XR-oriented performance production research.

컴퓨터와 비디오 게임은 현대 사회에서 주요한 놀이 문화 중에 하나이다. 이러한 놀이 문화의 특성을 가지고 있고 교육적인 내용을 포함한 기능성 게임은 향후 게임과 교육에서 핵심적인 역할을 해나갈 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기능성 게임을 사용하여 주관적인 관점이 기능성 게임의 수행에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보았다. 연구 결과, 기능성 게임을 게임이라고 여길 경우 높은 난이도의 과제 수행에서 검사라고 판단한 집단보다 낮은 오류율을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 주관적 관점이 과제 수행에서 보다 더 나은 수행을 야기하거나 과제 수행 전략의 변화를 가져온 결과로 인한 것이라 생각된다.

Currently, computer and video games are the main playing culture. A serious game not only has a fun factor but also an educational factor. Therefore, the serious game will have a very important role in game and educational fields. This study was investigated to see effects of a subjective viewpoint in serious game. The results showed that performance of a game group was superior to performance of test group in hit rate, and there were significant differences between game group and test group. Such results suggest that subjective viewpoint changes task performance strategies even in an identified task.

This study analyzed the performance content of 8 gymnasts who performed in the finals of Ring Game at the 44th 2013 Apparatus Gymnastics World Championships. Following conclusion was obtained as the result of analysis. First, the distribution of 80 skills performed by 8 gymnasts was; difficulty level D 50% by 40 times, difficulty level E 18.75% by 15 times, difficulty level C 16.25% by 13 times and difficulty level F 15% by 12 times. Second, the difficulty level scores of performance by 8 gymnasts were obtained only by performing skills with difficulty level C, D, E and F. There were; 2 difficulty level C skills, 10 difficulty level D skills, 6 difficulty level E skills and 5 difficulty level F skills. Third, the most performed skills by each difficulty level were; Uprise bwd. or giant swing to hdst. with straight arms (2s.) skill was 53.85% in difficulty level C, Jonasson skill was 20% in difficulty level D, Uprise bwd. to sup. scale at ring height (2s.) skill was 40% in difficulty level E and Roll bwd. slowly with str. arms and body to swallow (2s.) skill was 58.3% in difficulty level F. Fourth, the element group distribution in the performances by 8 gymnasts were; Group IV was 38.75% by 31 times, Group III was 25% by 20 times, Group II was 16.25% by 13 times and Group I was 10% by 8 times. Fifth, the number of skills performed by 8 gymnasts were; 1 skill in Group I, 2 skills in Group II, 5 skills in Group III, 14 skills in Group IV and 1 skill in Group V. Sixth, the most performed skills by each Group were as following. Only Jonasson skill was performed in Group I, Uprise bwd. or giant swing to hdst. with straight arms (2s.) skill was 54% in Group II, Uprise bwd. to support scale(2s.) skill was 35% in Group III, Nakayama skill and Roll bwd. slowly with str. arms and body to swallow (2s.) skill were 22% each in Group IV and Double salto bwd. stretched with 1/2 or 1/1t.skill was 87% in Group V.

Recently, the role of artificial intelligence techniques in games is becoming important. Game artificial intelligence technology in the past, the graphics and sound technology were more important. However, Artificial intelligent technology in current games is necessary technology to provide variety pleasure to users, and role of user's partner or helper. Learning ability of artificial intelligence technologies is attention getting technology. In this paper, we apply the learning system to the game agent to implement it, and a nalysis its performance.

This paper analyzes the simulation operation flow of Bullet physics engine. Based on this analysis, four kinds of multi-rigid-body game characters are designed. This paper also profiles the performance metrics such as the CPU utilization, the memory usage, and the computation time by multi- rigid-body character simulations. For the CPU utilization, the Tongs Vehicle is the best and provides 45.1% less than the other character simulations. The computation times of the Four-leg robot and the Dragon are longer than those of the others. The memory usage of the Dragon simulation is the largest, which is average 1.32 times more than the others. Because all parts of Dragon are composed of triangular mesh models in 3DMax. The performance profiling with the criteria such as reducing the computation time and the computing resources, the complexities of the collision shapes, and the number of rigid bodies takes an important role in the design of the multi-rigid-body game characters.

In cloud and game servers, SSDs are used as cache on large capacity disk-based storage. In that configuration, the SSD can be exploited as write-back or write-through cache. Though the write-back cache can improve write performance significantly, data can be lost when the SSD fails. On the contrary, performance improvement is limited in the write-through cache though it has high reliability. By the way, reliability can be improved by applying RAID technique to SSD cache while exploiting write-back for better performance. In this paper, we analyse the reliability and the performance of hybrid storage using SSD cache over disk-based primary storage. In particular, we mathematically analyse reliability and also measure performance of real storage systems with various SSD cache configurations.

이 논문에서는 백스케터 통신에서 악의적인 간섭이 존재할 때, 게임이론을 적용하여 간섭으로부터 회피하고 통신의 성능 최적화를통한 성능 분석에 관한 내용을 다룬다. 백스케터 통신을 원신호원을 반사하여, 백스케터 신호를 전송하기 때문에 악의적인 간섭에취약하게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 리더-펄로워 관계인 스텔켈베르그 게임이론을 적용하며, 라그랑지안 승수 방법을 통해 최적화를수행한다. 또한, 네쉬 게임이론과 스텔켈베르그 두 가지 게임이론을 백스케터 통신에 적용하고 적용된 게임이론에 따른 백스케터통신의 간섭 회피 성능을 비교 분석을 수행한다. 본 논문의 시뮬레이션을 통해 스텔켈베르그 게임이론이 악의적인 간섭 회피에서더 나은 성능을 보임을 증명하고, 백스케터의 통신 최적의 성능과 스텔켈베르그 게임 균형을 확인한다.

In this paper, we study an interference avoidance scenario in the presence of a interferer which can rapidly observe the transmit power of backscatter communications and effectively interrupt backscatter signals. We consider a power control with a sub-channel allocation to avoid interference attacks and a power-splitting ratio for backscattering and RF energy harvesting in sensors. We formulate the problem based on a Stackelberg game theory and compute the optimal transmit power, power-splitting ratio, and sub-channel allocation parameter to maximize a utility function against the interferer. We propose the utility maximization using Lagrangian dual decomposition for the backscatter communications and the interferer to prove the existence of the Stackelberg equilibrium. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms effectively maximize the utility, compared to that of the algorithm based on the Nash game, so as to overcome a malicious interference in backscatter communications

본 논문의 목적은 필드하키경기 중 발생하는 파울이 경기력에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 2017. 월드리 그 SEMI-FINAL 대회에 참가한 10팀의 총33경기, 2101개의 파울을 대상으로 지역별, 경기상황별, 유형별, 원인별, 공‧수 상황별로 스포츠코드 및 SPSS를 활용하여 상관분석과 카이제곱 검정을 실시하였으며, 세계랭킹 상위국과 하위국으로 나누 어 비교하였다. 전체 데이터를 분석한 결과 상위국이 하위국보다 높은 파울 빈도를 나타냈다. 상황에 따라 분석한 결과는 지역, 경기상황, 파울 원인에서 상위국과 하위국에 차이가 나타났으며, 파울 유형과 공‧수 상황별로 분석한 결과에서는 차이 가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 여자필드하키 경기에서 파울을 전술적 수단 중 하나로 활용되기를 기대해 본다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fouls on performance in field hockey games. A total of 33 matches and 2101 fouls from 10 teams participated in the 2017 World League SEMI-FINAL tournament were analysed by region, race, type, and cause. The total data that is analysed by SportsCode and SPSS(correlation analysis & chi-square test)have showed that the top ranked countries had a higher foul frequency than the lower ranked nations. According to the situation that has showed the result of the analysis, it showed that there was no difference between the results analysed on the foul type and the attacking and defence situation but it has indicated that area, game situation and the cause of fouls showed there was a significant difference. On these results, it is hoped to use fouls as one of the tactical means in women's field hockey games.