Earticle

The main goal of this paper is to show how Korean crossover cases with scrambling are accounted for without recourse to reconstruction. To achieve this goal, the properties of crossover in Korean are investigated within the conception of connectivity and an agreement-based approach without assuming the reconstruction hypothesis. One major point of Korean crossover cases is that they are instances of connectivity and they fall within our reference agreement principles. With respect to connectivity and agreement, it is important to note that ku ‘he’ can display connectivity with A-type QPs, whereas ku-tul ‘they’ can display connectivity with B-type QPs. That is, if a QP is an A-type QP, ku ‘he’ can display connectivity since its referent consists of a single entity. However, if a QP is a B-type QP, ku-tul ‘they’ can display connectivity since its referent consists of more than a single entity. On the other hand, Korean reflexives, regardless of the types of QPs, can display connectivity with A-type QPs or B-type QPs since their referents can consist of both a single entity and more than a single entity. Additionally, this paper provides some empirical evidence which does not entertain the reconstruction hypothesis that a dependent term after reconstruction must be c-commanded by the QR trace of a QP.

현 정부의 자치경찰제 도입 기본방향을 보면 기초자치단체에 자치경찰제를 도입한다고 정하고 소규모 시·군·구 등은 필요시 인근 기초자치단체와 통합가능하고 일차적으로 시범실시를 하고 난 후, 지역여건 등을 감안하여 자치단체들이 자치경찰제 실시 여부를 자율적으로 결정한다는 기본 방향을 정하고 있다. 그러나 본 연구는 자치경찰법안이 국회를 통과하여 확정되기 전까지는 다양한 자치경찰모형에 대한 논의가 활발하게 이루어져야 한다는 점에서, 또한 대한민국 국민의 안전을 책임을 질 수 있는 더 나은 효율적인 경찰제도가 확립되어야 한다는 점에서 통합형 자치경찰제도의 정립방안을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 통합형 자치경찰제도는 자치경찰제도의 절충형으로서 중앙과 지방을 분리하고 경찰체제를 국가와 자치경찰이 통합형으로 운영하는 제도를 말한다. 본 연구는 자치행정권에서 자치조직권, 자치재정권, 자치운영권을 중심으로 현 정부의 자치경찰안과 대비해서 살펴본 결과, 통합형 자치경찰제도가 합리적이라는 연구결론에 도달하였다, 따라서 이러한 자치행정권에 근거하여 통합형 자치경찰제도의 정립방향을 구체적으로 제시하고자 하였다.

If you look at the direction of the local police of the current Government introduces basic foundation set that introduced the communal authorities, the police and military, need, such as a small city based upon Governments and nine unified and regional circumstances, such as after a trial conducted by the Governments that decide autonomously basic direction. However, this study confirms the local police passed by the National Assembly a bill until a discussion on a variety of municipal police model must be actively responsible for the safety of the people of Korea, but also in that it can be better integrated in the sense that Governments should establish an efficient police system in the formulation of measures to present to the police. An integrated system of local police of the local police Central into the mold and remove the fat crossover and a system of State and municipal police to operate as an integrated system, police say. This research is an autonomous organization, autonomy in autonomous row regime re regime, autonomous operation centered on the County Government's local police custody inside and as a result, the integrated municipal police system is shown in that study had come to the conclusion that, as a result, these autonomous integrated on the basis of the local police of the regime of rows formulations specifically to provide direction.

본 연구는 이집트의 마지막 파라오였던 클레오파트라의 이미지를 모티브로 진행한 패션디자인 연구이다. 이는 브랜드 디자인 진행과정에서 콘셉트 도출 과정을 표본화 하여 제시함으로써, 각 패션 브랜드 및 디자이너의 패션디자인 전개 프로세스 중 도입부인 메인 콘셉트를 합리적으로 성립할 수 있게 함에 그 목적이 있다. 다문화적 코드를 함양할 수 있는 콘셉트 표본으로 클레오파트라를 선정하여, 클레오파트라 생존 시기 당대의 시대상과 현대에 이르기까지의 클레오파트라의 이미지 형성과정을 검토해보고, 현대여성으로서 클레오파트라는 어떠한 여성으로 재탄생할 수 있을지 해석해보았다. 여기서 추출된 이미지들을 콘셉트로 정리하여 3가지 방향성을 제시한 후, 이렇게 정리된 콘셉트와 함께 시대에 부합하는 패션디자인 상품으로 만들어내기 위하여 2012년 트렌드를 분석하여 적용시켰다. 클레오파트라를 통해 도출한 3가지 이미지는 첫째 다양한 문화가 혼재된 크로스오버 이미지, 둘째 남성을 능가하는 리더십과 지력을 지닌 페미니스트 이미지, 그리고 셋째 매력적이고 아름다운 여성으로서의 관능적 이미지이다. 이러한 클레오파트라 콘셉트의 3가지 방향성을 적용하여 고대이집트 쉬스스커트(sheath skirt)와 현대의 테일러드 재킷의 크로스오버 디자인, 고대이집트의 웨세크(wesekh)와 현대의 고어드원피스 크로스오버 디자인, 그리스 민속복식 새쉬벨트(sash belt)와 현대복식 드레스셔츠의 크로스오버까지의 3가지 디자인을 전개하였다. 콘셉트 도출을 위해 하나의 키워드가 정해지면, 이에 대한 역사적 조사와 함께, 사회적으로 통용되는 의미성을 정립해야 하며, 여기서 도출된 콘셉트는 반드시 선행 트렌드 조사에서 얻어진 결과물과 합성되어 디자인으로 표현되어야 한다. 본 연구는 콘셉트 도출, 트렌드 분석 및 적용, 그리고 디자인까지의 과정을 진행함으로서 콘셉트 도출과정의 표본을 제시하고자 하였다.

This research shows the use of Egypt's last Pharaoh, Cleopatra VII, as a motif in fashion design. It will sample and present the method of concept deduction during the process of design and aim to present a rational method of creation of a main concept of fashion design by a designer. First of all, Cleopatra was selected for a theme with a multi-cultural code. Cleopatra’s image during the Hellenistic period was investigated and compared with her present image. Then, how Cleopatra would look if she were reborn in the modern era was studied. Various possible images were extracted and organized into 3 different directions, and fashion trends of 2012 were analyzed for application in the process of fashion goods production. The three images that were deduced from Cleopatra were a crossover from her multi-cultural image, an image of feminist leadership and intelligence, and a charming, beautiful and sensual image. By applying the three images, the following fashion designs were presented. First, a crossover-designed tailored jacket and ancient Egypt sheath skirt, second, an ancient Egypt wesekh crossed over with a gored dress, and third, a Greek sash belt crossed over with a modern dress shirt. Selection of key words during concept deduction establishes semanticity that is used widely used to study historical background. The concepts deduced in this research were combined with information obtained from previous trend investigations and expressed through design. This research covers the process of concept deduction, trend investigation, trend application and fashion design.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a novel mouth contactless breathing exercise solution based on virtual reality (VR), and to test its feasibility. Methods We developed the Virtual Reality-based Breathing Exercise System (VR-BRES), a self-regulating biofeedback breathing exercise with gaming characteristics and a soft stretch sensor. The feasibility and efficacy of the VR-BRES prototype were investigated through a randomized crossover trial. Fifty healthy adults participated in the trial, and their respiratory parameters and user evaluation of the VR-BRES were compared with conventional deep breathing (CDB) exercises. Results The respiratory parameters, forced vital capacity (Z = 4.82, 4.95, p < .001), forced expiratory volume in one second (t = 6.02, 6.26, p < .001), and peak expiratory flow (t = 5.35, 5.68, p < .001) were significantly higher during breathing exercises using the VR-BRES. User evaluation was also significantly higher for the VR-BRES in terms of efficiency (Z = 3.86, p < .001), entertainingness (Z = 5.00, p < .001), and intention to use (Z = 3.22, p = .001) compared to CDB. However, there was no difference in convenience between the two methods (Z = ?0.90, p = .369). Conclusion The VR-BRES has the potential to be an efficient breathing exercise solution. We recommend a clinical study that evaluates the effects of the VR-BRES for a certain period of time for people who need breathing exercises.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effects of medial and lateral air-cell placement in functional footwear on lower-extremity joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle activity during treadmill walking. METHODS: A randomized crossover design study with ten healthy young adults assessed the effects of an air-cell under three conditions, namely no air-cell, medial air-cell insertion, and lateral air-cell insertion. The ROMs of the hip and knee joints were measured using a wireless three-dimensional motion analysis system, and the activity of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) was recorded using surface electromyography (sEMG). The differences in these parameters across conditions were analyzed using the Friedman test with Wilcoxon signed-rank post hoc tests and the Bonferroni correction. RESULTS:No significant differences were observed in hip or knee joint ROM among the three conditions (p > .05). In contrast, activity of both the VMO and VL differed significantly according to placement of the air-cell (p < .05). Air-cells placed medially and laterally produced opposing activation patterns between the VMO and VL, indicating altered neuromuscular control strategies around the knee joint. CONCLUSION: Air-cell placement in footwear influences neuromuscular responses without inducing immediate changes in joint kinematics during short-term treadmill walking. These findings suggest that footwear with air cells may affect functional knee stability by altering muscle activation patterns rather than joint motion. It is important to consider neuromuscular responses alongside kinematic variables when designing functional footwear for gait training or corrective interventions.

About two billion people in the world drink alcoholic products and among them, more than 76 million are suffering from serious alcoholic disorder including hangover. Hanover can be caused by the by-products which are produced in the process of alcohol metabolism such as acetaldehyde and acetate in human body. There are various type of anti-hangover-related commercial products which can help to somewhat reduce hangover symptoms. In this study, we investigated the effects of Quechung which is a granule-type of anti-hangover compounds containing functional substances such as HK mycelial culture of Lentinus edodes, Hovenia dulcis fruit extract, Lactobicillus fermentum MG590 and so on. The subjects were 20 healthy men and women, and washout period for the crossover design was 7 days. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (alcohol + purified water) and the experimental group (alcohol + Quechung). The experimental group was first supplied with the anti-hangover compound before and after 30 min of 20% alcohol intake (7.8 g/kg body weight). Blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and alcohol concentration in breath and blood were measured one time before alcohol intake and also 3 times after Quechung intake at an interval of 1 h. Biochemical parameters such as albumin, electrolytes, lipid profile, liver function markers, alcohol level in breath and blood, acetaldehyde concentration were analyzed. Consequently, breath alcolol concentration was lower in the experimental group than control group after 1 h, especially showed statistical difference in female. Blood alcohol concentration before and after treatment also showed significant decrease in experimental group, whereas blood acetaldehyde showed significant increase in control group. Especially female participants showed higher effect than male. In the reslut of AST, experimental group showed little difference before and after treatment but control group showed significant increase, in addition female much higher effect than male. Taken together, this anti-hangover compound, Quechung, clinically showed the hangover-relieving effect on the acute alcohol-induced hangover symptom based on the positive results of alcohol concentration, acetaldehyde concentration, and level of liver function markers etc. in addition, Quechung also can influence on the protection of liver and blood vessel. This clinical study has a significance in that it provides scientific evidence to systemically establish database for the effectiveness and efficiency of the commercial anti-hangover products, and to help consummer’s easy choice and their better health.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of simulation integrated with problem based learning (S-PBL) according to the sequences of problem-based learning (PBL) and high fidelity simulation training (HFS) on knowledge, clinical performance, clinical judgment, self-confidence, and satisfaction in fourth-grade nursing students. Methods: In this randomized crossover design study, four S-PBLs on medical-surgical nursing were applied alternatively to two randomly-assigned groups of 26 senior nursing students for 8 weeks. The collected data were analyzed using an independent t-test. Results: The method of administering PBL prior to HFS led to significantly higher scores on knowledge (t=2.28, p=.025) as compared to the method of administering HFS prior to PBL. However, the latter method led to significantly higher scores on clinical performance (t=-6.49, p<.001) and clinical judgment (t=-4.71, p<.001) as compared to the method of administering PBL prior to HFS. There were no differences in the effect of the two methods on self-confidence (t=1.53, p=.128) and satisfaction (t=1.28, p=.202). Conclusion: The integration sequences of S-PBL was associated with different learning outcomes. Therefore, when implementing S-PBL, it is necessary to consider the educational goal to executes an appropriate sequence of integration.

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of vibration stimulation of a vibration foam roller on the change in the range of motion of the ankle joint and proprioception in patients with chronic ankle instability. An additional aim was to provide basic data for rehabilitation programs for chronic ankle instability patients. METHODS: This study was a randomized crossover design of 22 patients with chronic ankle instability. All subjects were divided into a vibrating group, a non-vibrating group, and a control group. The vibration and non-vibration groups performed the interventions, but the control group did not. For the measurement, the range of motion and proprioception of the ankle joint was measured using an electronic protractor (Electrogoniometer, BPM Pathway, UK). RESULTS: The vibration group showed significant differences in the dorsiflexion angle, dorsiflexion proprioception, and plantar flexion proprioception (p < .05). The non- vibration group showed significant differences in the dorsiflexion angle and dorsiflexion proprioceptive sensation (p < .05). The vibration group and the control group showed significant differences in dorsiflexion proprioception and plantar flexion proprioception (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The range of motion and proprioception of the ankle joint were improved in the group that received vibration stimulation after the intervention than before the intervention. Future research will be needed on patients with various diseases.

이 연구는 멀티미디어 시대 성악가들의 대중화 활동을 위해 국내외 대표 성악가들의 멀티미디어 사례 활동을 살펴보고 활성화 방안을 모색하고자 안드레아 보첼리, 손태진 이 두 성악가들의 멀티미디어 시대의 활동과 활동 시 사용한 레퍼토리들을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 안드레아 보첼리는 대중에게 친숙한 POP 음악 장르를 앨범으로 선보이면서 POP 가수와 콜라보 공연을 통해 클래식 오페라 발성을 POP 음악에 접목하여 음악의 경계를 허물고 두 장르의 융합을 통해 자신만의 크로스오버 음악의 장르를 구축하며 안드레아 보첼리만의 크로스오버 장르를 구축하였다. 손태진은 멀티미디어 활용으로 크로스오버 음악의 경계를 허물고 레퍼토리를 더욱 확장하여 대중에게 친숙한 음악을 선택하여 자신만의 크로스오버 레퍼토리로 선보이며 성악가와 대중가수의 면모를 넘어, 친숙한 음악으로 대중들에게 다가가 자신의 엔터테인먼트적인 기량을 보여주었다. 이렇듯 두 성악가의 멀티미디어 활용을 통한 크로스오버 음악 레퍼토리의 사례를 통해 멀티미디어 시대를 맞이하며 음악이 전통적인 매체인 소리를 통해서 뿐만 아니라 기술의 발전으로 2차 소비가 이루어질 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 한 가지의 콘텐츠가 다양한 멀티미디어로 재생되고 보급되면서 성악가들이 대중과 상시적 소통을 이룰 수 있다는 것이다. 또한 자신만의 크로스오버 음악 레퍼토리를 선보이며 대중들에게 친근하게 다가가 자신만의 창의적 활동을 보일 수 있었던 것이다. 이렇듯 현대 성악가들은 멀티미디어를 적극 사용하고 자신만의 크로스오버 음악 레퍼토리를 개발을 통해 자신만의 창의적인 음악 활동을 이루어갈 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 더불어 성악가들은 언제든 대중이 원할 때 소통할 수 있도록 음악 활동 범위를 넓히며 멀티미디어를 활용할 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 이러한 멀티미디어를 활용하여 대중과의 소통에 성공한 사례는 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 멀티미디어 시대 성악가들의 대중화 활동을 위해 국내외 대표 성악가들의 멀티미디어 사례 활동을 살펴보고 활성화 방안을 모색하는 것에 연구의 목적을 둔다.

This study examined the multimedia cases of vocalists from Korea and abroad and sought ways to activate them in order to popularize them in the multimedia era. It examined the activities of two vocalists, Andrea Bocelli and Son Taejin, and the repertoires they used in their activities. As a result, Andrea Bocelli presented a pop music genre familiar to the public in his albums, and through collaborative performances with pop singers, he combined classical opera vocalization with pop music, breaking down the boundaries of music, and through the fusion of the two genres, he established his own crossover music genre, and he established Andrea Bocelli's own crossover genre. Son Taejin broke down the boundaries of crossover music through the use of multimedia and further expanded his repertoire, selecting music familiar to the public and presenting it as his own crossover repertoire, and going beyond the aspects of pop opera and vocalists, he approached the public with familiar music and showed his entertainment skills. Through these examples of crossover music repertoires by two vocalists utilizing multimedia, we can see that in the multimedia era, music can be consumed not only through the traditional medium of sound, but also through secondary consumption through technological advancements. This means that vocalists can communicate with the public all the time as one content is reproduced and distributed through various multimedia. In addition, they were able to approach the public in a friendly manner by presenting their own crossover music repertoire and show their own creative activities. In this way, it is expected that modern vocalists will be able to actively use multimedia and develop their own crossover music repertoires to achieve their own creative musical activities. Accordingly, vocalists can use multimedia by expanding the scope of their music activities so that the public can communicate whenever they want. However, there are not many cases of success in communicating with the public using such multimedia. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the multimedia case activities of representative domestic and foreign vocalists for the popularization activities of vocalists in the multimedia era and to find ways to activate them.

본 논문에서는 크로스오버 접합에서 출력 위상을 고려한 회로해석 및 설계 방법을 제시한 다. 먼저 even-odd 분석을 통해 임의의 위상을 가지는 크로스오버 접합이 만족시켜야 할 반사 계수 및 임피던스 파라미터에 대한 일반해를 해석적으로 유도하였다. 또한 주어진 일반해를 실제적인 크로스오버 접합회로 구조에 적용하여 임의의 츨력 위상값을 가지는 크로스오버 접 합의 정확한 설계 공식을 도출하였으며 그 결과가 기존의 연구에서 제시된 결과와 부합함을 확인하였다. 이를 이용하여 설계된 회로가 설계목표와 일치하는 정확한 출력 위상을 가지는 크로스오버 접합으로서의 성능을 만족하는 것을 입증하였다.

This paper presents the analysis and the design methods of the crossover junctions including the output phase. The general solutions were derived analytically through an even-odd analysis of the reflection coefficients and the impedance parameters for the crossover junction with arbitrary output phase. The general solutions were applied to a real crossover junction structure to derive the exact design formula for the arbitrary output phase. The results agreed well with the existing studies. The designed circuit satisfied the crossover junction operation with the exact output phase.

본 연구는 클래식 크로스오버 유튜브 채널의 특성을 파악하고 이러한 특성이 시청 만족과 지속시청의도에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하는 것에 목적이 있다. 클래식 크로스오버 유튜브 영상의 시청 경험이 있는 300명의 설문 데이터를 이용해 가설을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 클래식 크로스오 버 유튜브 채널 특성은 크리에이터 특성인 매력성, 신뢰성, 상호작용성, 전문성과 콘텐츠 특성인 다양성, 오락성, 독 창성으로 구성되었다. 둘째, 크리에이터 매력성과 전문성, 콘텐츠의 오락성이 시청 만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 크리에이터의 매력성, 상호작용성, 전문성과 콘텐츠의 오락성과 독창성이 지속시청의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미 친 반면, 콘텐츠의 다양성은 오히려 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 시청 만족은 지속시청의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미 쳤다. 다섯째, 크리에이터의 매력성과 전문성, 콘텐츠의 오락성과 지속시청의도의 관계에서 시청 만족의 매개효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 클래식 크로스오버 유튜브 채널 특성을 규명하고 시청 만족과 지속시청의도에 미치는 요인을 밝힌 많지 않은 실증연구로, 클래식 크로스오버 유튜브 채널 성장에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

The objective of this study is to identify the characteristics of classical crossover YouTube channels and empirically investigate the effect of these characteristics on viewing satisfaction and intention to continue watching. The data was collected by the survey from 300 individuals who watched classical crossover YouTube channels. Results of the study are as followed. First, a factor analysis confirmed that the creator characteristics of classical crossover YouTube channels consisted of attractiveness, trustworthiness, interaction, and expertise, while the content characteristics consisted of diversity, entertainment value, and originality. Second, the creator’s attractiveness and expertise and the content’s entertainment value were found to have positive effects on viewing satisfaction. Third, the creator’s attractiveness, interaction, expertise and the content’s entertainment value and originality were found to have positive effects on intention to continue watching, while the content’s diversity was found to have a negative effects on intention to continue watching. Fourth, viewing satisfaction had a positive influence on intention to continue watching. Fifth, there was a mediating effect of viewing satisfaction in the relationship between the creator’s attractiveness, expertise and the content’s entertainment value with intention to continue watching, respectively. It is the first empirical research which identifies the characteristics of classical crossover YouTube channels and empirically investigated the effect of these characteristics on viewing satisfaction and intention to continue watching.

이 연구는 스포츠웨어 브랜드 소비자의 크로스오버 쇼핑행동에 대하여 심층인터뷰를 통한 정성적 연구를 수행하 였다. 연구참여자는 스포츠웨어 브랜드를 웹루밍과 쇼루밍 쇼핑경험이 있는 성인 21명이다. 심층 면담은 최대 60분 이 넘지 않도록 하였으며, 2021년 11월부터 약 6개월간 진행되었다. 심층면접의 자료는 Hill, Thompson과 Williams(1997)의 4단계 분석기법을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 자료의 진실성을 확보하고자 전문가 의견일치, 자료수집 다각화하여 비교, 연구참여자 재확인, 디브리핑 기법 등을 적용하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해서 연구 타당성을 확보하였다. 크로스오버 스포츠웨어 브랜드 소비자의 쇼핑경험은 두 가지 관점에서 이해할 수 있었다. 먼저, 웹루밍 쇼핑경험은 실체, 즉시, 장소, 관계에 관한 4가지 주제로 분석되었고, 쇼루밍 쇼핑경험은 이익, 편의, 정보, 기대의 4가지 주제로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 기존 온라인 혹은 오프라인 채널에서 주효하게 연구된 쇼핑행동의 내용과 속성과 스포츠웨어 브랜드 의 웹루밍과 쇼루밍 쇼핑행동에서 기존 연구와는 차별된 속성과 내용을 맥락화 할 수 있었다.

This study conducted a qualitative study through in-depth interviews on the crossover shopping behavior of sportswear brand consumers. The participants were 21 adults who had experience in webrooming and showrooming shopping for sportswear brands. The in-depth interview was limited to a maximum of 60 minutes and was conducted for about six months from November 2021.The data of the in-depth interview were analyzed using the four-step analysis technique of Hill, Thompson, & Williams(1997), and in order to secure the authenticity of the data, consensus of experts, data collection were diversified and comparison, research participant reconfirmation, and debriefing techniques were applied. Through this process, the validity of the study was secured. The crossover sportswear shopping consumer's experience could be understood from two perspectives. First, the sportswear brand webrooming consumption experience was analyzed with four themes of substance, immediate, place, and relationship, and the next showrooming shopping experience was analyzed with four themes of profit, convenience, information, and expectation. Through these results, it was possible to reconfirm the contents and attributes emphasized in the existing online or offline channels. In addition, it was possible to contextualize the attributes and contents differentiated from previous studies in webrooming and showrooming shopping behavior of sportswear brands.

1894년 농민전쟁에 대한 연구는 1920년대부터 지속적으로 이루어져왔다. 크게 보아 일제강점기, 1945년 해방이후 1970년대 전후, 그리고 1980년대 이후로 3시기로 나누어볼 수 있다. 1893년 3월부터 한달 동안 지속되었던 보은집회에 대한 최초의 연구서는 김상기의 ‘동학과 동학란’ 이었다. 이 글은 동학이 출현한 사회 종교 배경에서 시작하여 동학 개념, 교조신원운동, 동학농민전쟁의 시말에 대하여 이후 동학연구의 기본틀을 제공해 주었다. 이어 김의환은 하층지도부로서 남접(南接)의 대두를 주목하였다. 1980~90년대 연구에서는 교조신원운동의 흐름 속에서 교단측 지도자와 농민전쟁의 지도자들이 나누어진다는 점을 주목하였다. 조경달과 정창렬의 금구집회 연구에서는 교단 이외에 변혁지향 세력의 대두를 강조하였다. 현재 연구에서는 보은 집회의 주도층과 지향점을 둘러싸고 동학 교단 주도층과 남접 주도층으로 나뉘어진다는 견해와 그렇지 않다는 견해로 갈라져 있다. 그렇지만 변혁지향세력인 ‘남접’에 대한 논의는 아직 개연성으로 추론한 결과이지 충분한 설명논리가 제시되지는 못했다. 1893년 보은집회의 기치와 지향점에 대해서는 주로 교조신원과 척왜양, 보국안민 등이 제기되었다. 척왜양을 통해 운동의 외연을 확대 강화할 수는 없으며, 당시 민중의 열악한 처지로 말미암아 보국안민이 제기될 수밖에 없었다. 종교적인 차원의 구호에서 현실 정치 개혁의 대상으로 전환되었다. 앞으로 보은 집회 연구의 전망과 과제에 대해서는 첫째, 보은집회가 갖는 민회로서의 성격과 전국적인 연대의 공간으로 자리잡았다는 점에 착안하여 보은의 ‘장소성’에 주목해야 한다. 둘째, 보은집회를 거쳐 운동 전략의 수정과 전환이 이루어졌으므로 보은집회가 가진 민중운동의 계기성에 주목해야 한다. 다시 말하자면, 보은 장내리에서 민중 집회가 없었다면, 1894년 농민전쟁이 일어나지 않았다는 역사적 관점을 제기할 필요가 있다.

Research on the peasants war in 1894 have been made continuously from the 1920s. Periods of these study can be divided into three periods of Japanese occupation, 1945~1970s, and after 1980s. The first monograph about Boeun rally that lasted one month in March 1893 was in Kim Sang-gi's 'Donghak and Donghak Rebel'. This article was to provide a framework of the study about the Donghak Movement's background in the society and Donghak concepts. Not only the vindication for their founder's grievances but also the whole story of the peasants war was to a framework of this. Kim Oui-hwan noted the rise of Namjeop (南接) as leaders of the lower classes. In the 1980s and 1990s research has noted that the movement leaders divided between church leaders and leaders of peasants' war during the movement of the redressing of their founder's grievances. Jo Kyung-dal and Jeong Chang-ryeol's studies on the Geumgu rally emphasized the rise of reform-oriented forces except for the church leaders. In the present study the opinions is divided the affirmation or the opposite with Namjeop leading authority and concepts in Boeun rally. Therefore this definition is a probable reasoning, it isn't still a full explanation about the forces of reform-oriented 'Namjeop'. The banner and notion for Boeun rally in 1893 mainly was in the vindication for their founder's grievances and the political slogan of "Anti-Japan, Anti-West" and "Boguk-Anmin(輔國安民)". The expanding breadth of the movement through "Anti-Japan, Anti-West" can not enforce. Through time to the condition of poor people the political slogan of "Boguk-Anmin" had to be raised. Religious slogans were converted to the subject of political reform. On future prospects and challenges of Boeun rally, a civic gathering and national solidarity as a national area should be noted first by the 'Place' of Boeun. Secondly, after Boeun rally switches between exercise and change of strategy meetings, Boeun Rally should be noted as a turning point of popular movements. In other words, there is a need to raise on a historical perspective that the Peasants' War of 1894 did not happen without Boeun Jangnae-ri rally.

멀티채널 소비자들의 크로스오버 쇼핑행동이 두드러지는 시점에서 최근 사용자 행동 메커니즘에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 단순한 멀티채널 사용자행동에 대한 이해 차원을 넘어 면밀한 관찰을 통해 기존 연구방식에서 발견할 수 없었던 크로스 오버 쇼핑행동에 대한 연구 축적이 필요한 시점이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 근거이론(grounded theory)를 활용하여 멀티채널 사용자들이 왜, 어떻게 크로스오버 쇼핑행동을 하는지를 살펴보는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 총 25명의 응답자를 대상으로 인터뷰를 진행하였으며, 근거자료의 분석을 통해 118개의 개념을 추출하였고, 유사 개념간의 통합과정을 통해 28개의 범주를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 근거이론을 적용하여 기존 설문연구에서는 파악하기 어려웠던 사용자들의 동적인 탐색과 구매행동의 메커니즘을 포착함으로써 멀티채널 환경에서 설명 가능한 행동연구 방안을 제안하고 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

As users’ cross-over shopping behaviors become more popular, many studies have attempted to describe a theoretical mechanism in multichannel environments. Apart from explaining a simplified multichannel user behavior, relevant researchers must deeply understand the mechanism of users’ cross-over shopping behavior, which cannot be discovered by employing either existing theories or traditional research methods. Thus, this study explores why, how, and when users conduct cross-over shopping behaviors in multichannel environments by employing a grounded theory approach. In this study, we have interviewed 25 participants who have prior experiences in cross-over shopping. By analyzing the interview manuscripts using the grounded theory approach, we have extracted 118 codes in the coding steps and ultimately presented 28 categories by incorporating similar concepts from those codes. In this qualitative grounded theory study, we have discussed why, how, and when users do cross-over shopping behavior based on our selected codes and categories as well as by listening to the stories of our interviewees. By grounding our proposed framework, which can capture both dynamic information search and purchasing behavior, this study provides an alternative research approach to explain user behavior, thereby bolstering our current understanding of the cross-over shopping behavior of users in multichannel environments.

2021년 방영된 국악 크로스오버 오디션 프로그램 <풍류대장>은 국악 장르에 관한 대중의 큰 관심을 불러왔다. 이에 본 연구는 국악 크로스오버 오디션 프로그램의 시청동기를 규명하고 그들이 시청만족도와 공연관람의도에 미치는 영향을 실증 분석하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구는 <풍류대장>을 시청한 276명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시해 추출한 데이터를 통해 국악 크로스오버 오디션 프로그램의 시청동기 를 국악에 대한 관심, 크로스오버 음악에 대한 관심, 사회적 상호작용, 참가자 음악 선호, 심사위원 선호로 밝혀냈다. 이 중 심사위원 선호, 참가자 음악 선호, 국악에 대한 관심이 시청만족도에 유의한 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 참가자 음악 선호, 국악에 대한 관심, 크로스오버 음악에 대한 관심이 공연관람의도에 유의한 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 국악 공연 관람까지 파생시킬 수 있는, 나아가 국악의 저변을 넓히는데 기여할 국악 장르 미디어 콘텐츠의 효과적인 제작전략 수립에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The Korean traditional music crossover audition program <Pungryu Captain>, which aired in 2021, has attracted great public interest in the Korean traditional music genre. Accordingly, this study was conducted to identify the motivation for watching Korean traditional music crossover audition programs and to empirically analyze their impact on viewing satisfaction and intention to attend performances. This study conducted a survey of 276 people who watched <Pungryu Captain> and extracted data to determine the motivation for watching the Korean traditional music crossover audition program, including interest in Korean traditional music, interest in crossover music, social interaction, preference for participants’ music, and preference for judges. Among these, it was confirmed that preference for judges, preference for participants’ music, and interest in Korean traditional music had a significant positive effect on viewing satisfaction. Additionally, it was confirmed that preference for participants' music, interest in Korean traditional music, and interest in crossover music had a significant positive effect on their intention to attend performances. The results of this study are expected to help establish an effective production strategy for media content in the Korean traditional music genre that can lead to attending Korean traditional music performances and further contribute to expanding the base of traditional Korean music.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how the use of level D personal protective equipment (PPE) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) feedback equipment affects chest compression (CC). Furthermore, this study provides basic data for developing Korean CPR guidelines that can be applied to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Methods: This randomized, single-blinded, crossover simulation trial included 26 student paramedics who performed 2-minute chest compressions using three different methods: Method A involved performing traditional CC for two minutes without donning level D PPE, Method B involved performing CC while donning level D PPE, and Method C involved performing CC with a CPR feedback device while donning level D PPE. Results: The use of a CPR feedback device during the 2-minute CC increased the exercise intensity of the subjects, but donning level D PPE didn't affect the quality of CC and the exercise intensity. The results of methods A and B showed changes in the quality of compression 80 seconds after the start of CC. No significant changes occurred in 2-minute CC when using the CPR feedback device. Conclusion: Using a CPR feedback device could prevent deterioration in the quality of CC while donning level D PPE.