Earticle

This study examines the use of inanimate subjects in the Koreantransitive auxiliary verb constructions ‘-게 하다(to make V or tomake A)’ by comparing a French-Korean (hereafter F-K) translatedcorpus with a Korean non-translated corpus and English-Korean (hereafter E-K) translated corpus. Unlike in English or in French,transitive constructions in Korean tend to use conscious humansubjects. Also, transitive constructions that have inanimate subjectsare usually unacceptable in Korean. Previous studies have foundno statistically significant difference between Korean non-translatedand an E-K translational corpus in terms of frequency of inanimatesubjects in transitive constructions. Therefore, in order to explorethe possibility of generalizing such findings, this study comparesthe frequency of inanimate subjects in transitive auxiliary verbconstructions in the F-K translated corpus with the frequency oftransitive auxiliary verb constructions in the Korean non-translatedcorpus. The result of this study was consistent with previousstudies showing little statistically significant difference between thetwo. However, in the transitive auxiliary verb constructions ofrelative clauses, the frequency of inanimate subjects in the F-Ktranslated corpus was higher than in the Korean non-translatedcorpus. In addition, the F-K translated corpus had a variety ofinanimate subjects in transitive auxiliary verb constructions andshowed a high rate of purely inanimate subjects that are notattached to human.

Accomplishment events typically show that a structure expresses movement away from or toward an endpoint state and induces change of location/state). This is what the causative cwu- and benefactive suffix (a/e) cwu-constructions in Korean show. The causative verb cwu is a causative signature compatible with accomplishments, which is the reason why the causative verb cwu cannot be translated into give in English. Some tests are further taken to identify whether the verb cwu is a dative verb cwu or a causative verb cwu, by examining their implicational semantic properties. The benefactive suffix (a/e) cwu is base-generated on v when it forms a serial verb, attaching to the dative verb. There necessarily arises a relation of ownership between the goal and the theme, which is triggered by the benefactive feature of (a/e) cwu on v, which induces change of ownership. This induces the gradable adverb cemcem ‘gradually’ to be compatible with the benefactive suffix (a/e) cwu sentences. The benefactive possessor should be [+animate] and the [ACC-ACC] order displays an animacy constraint. This is the reason why the benefactive suffix (a/e) cwu constructions should be translated into English double object constructions.

本論文は.韓國語と日本語の使役構文を對照するにおいて.單に兩言語の形式を對應させる方法から脫し.言認普遍性と言語類型論の硏究における使役構文の普遍性と使役構文の硏究に關するパラメ－タを通じて考察したものである.ここで扱った使役構文の硏究に關するパラメ－タは形式的パラメ－タと意味的パラメ－タであり,このらち.意味的パラメ－タについては,その中の－つである眞性使役と許容の區別を中心に論じた.要約すると,韓國語には使役形式として,分析的使役,形態的便役,語彙的使役の三つのタイプが存在し,分析的使役の形式には眞性使役と許容の二つの意味を同時に表わす形式とニつの意味をそれぞれ別別に表わす形式が兩方存在する.一方,日本語には使役形式として,形態的使役,語彙的使役の二つのタイプが存在し,このらち,生産的な形態的使役の形式が眞性使役と許容の二つの意味を同時に表わしている.これ以外に,使役構文の意味に關する硏究には,直接便役と間接使役の區別.被便役者の保持する制御の程度といらパラメ－タもあるが,本論文では紙面の都合で扱えなかった.これらの問題については.これからの課題としておきたい.

This study aims to explore the relationship between meaning and syntactic form with reference to English causative constructions in terms of a theory of iconicity developed by Haiman(1980, 1983, 1985a, 1985b). By analyzing the causative constructions relying on Haiman's(1980) iconicity theory, I try to show the explanatory power of the distance principle, which is one of the most important principles in the theory. It is shown that according to the scale of the distance principle of the iconicity theory, the formal distance between the expressions of cause and effect is largest in the analytic causatives and shortest in the lexical causatives, whereas the morphological causatives are between the two. Based on this observation, a proposal is made that the length of the linguistic distance between the causer and the causee corresponds to the conceptual distance between the two. This means that if the linguistic distance is greater between the two elements, the causer will have more influence on the causee, less depend on the causee, and achieve greater success of manipulation. The distance principle is also argued to be more appealing than any other schema because it is laid on human cognitive process and said to indicate the necessity of paying due attention to both arbitrariness and iconicity to explicitly explain various syntactic phenomena.

This paper is aimed at arguing against the proposition of Gross (1975) who suggested that "causative movement verb constructions" be paraphrased by the formula "causative verb + movement verb", and presenting counter-evidence. To begin with, we observed a general classification of causatives and applied its distributional properties to the French causative movement verb constructions. By verifying that the infinitival complements in these two constructions should be divided into two different structures: simple and complex, we proposed that infinitival complements in the latter case be treated separately from the spatio-temporal perspective. Finally, we concluded, by adopting temporal adverbials in these constructions, that our argument has been well-formed and the proposition of Gross(1975) cannot be maintained

When considering the importance of mother tongue in the study and acquisition of foreign language, those who speak language that does not provide with clear range of causative constructions as mother tongue, while studying Korean, may relatively find much difficulty. Causative constructions of Chinese language are realized in various combined forms mainly of prepositions and verbs. Among them, the majority is causative constructions in the various combined forms of verbs, however such causative constructions do not have clear grammatical mechanisms and their forms are very diverse. In addition, Chinese language does not have clear range of causative constructions. For such reason, to Chinese learners, the acquisition of Korean causative constructions may not be easily attained. Therefore, in teaching Korean causative constructions to Chinese learners, there need be steps to explain the characteristics of Chinese causative constructions by comparing with those of Korean. This article aims at looking into the similarities and differences of Chinese causative constructions and Korea counterpart by analyzing and comparing them in view of the education of Korean language as foreign language, and proposing methods of teaching Korean causative constructions for special groups of learners on such basis.

This article is a conceptual exploration of causative constructions in Modern Persian. Based on a typology of causative constructions proposed by Song (1996), Persian causatives are surveyed in both formal and functional terms. The data are then exploited in order to shed further light on the cognitive basis of causativity, and to recast Song’s formulation of causative types in more solid cognitive terms drawn from Talmy’s (1985, 1988, 2000) forcedynamic account of causation. A tentative account of the grammaticisation of factual/nonfactual causation in Persian concludes the discussion.

This paper implements role structure in analyzing causative constructions in Korean. Role structure, one of the modules in automodular grammar, deals with synonymy, entailment, and other truth-conditional properties of natural language. It specifies the event type and the roles the participants play in the event. Implementing role structure in the analysis of causative constructions allows to accommodate both the synonymy hypothesis and the non-synonymy hypothesis regarding morphological causative constructions and their analytic counterpart. The dative-nominative case alternation and the dative-accusative case alternation on the causee are explained in terms of the role the causee plays in role structure. Roles are divided into two tiers, the action tier and the thematic tier, which allows a participant to play two different roles simultaneously. Multiple syntactic structures and role structures of the analytic causative are provided in the lexical entry, and the interface between syntax and role structure correctly predicts which case marker can be suffixed to the causee.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interaction between form and meaning. Concretely, I discuss the issue of synonymy between <hacer-infinitive> causatives and <hacer-que subjunctive> causatives in terms of Haiman's(1983) Iconicity Principle. Firstly, I examine Curnow's(1993) argument that there exist semantic differences between the two constructions regarding ambiguity, intentionality and directness. However, I point out that my informants judge the two constructions to be totally identical regarding intentionality and directness. In this discussion I show that the two constructions are totally synonymous and then indicate that maybe the Iconicity Principle is not at work in Spanish. On the other hand, I also attempt to account for the observed fact in terms of the Iconicity Principle. Assuming that this principle holds cross-linguistically, I argue that both share the same structure at LF, so the reason why they don't show any semantic difference in spite of being different in appearance is due to this fact, implying that the Iconicity Principle also holds for Spanish. Finally I argue that <hacer-infinitive> causatives belong to morphological type (X+Y), thus supporting Guasti's(1996) claim that the causative verb in the Romance languages behaves as a causative affix. I further argue that <hacer-que subjunctive> causatives also belong to 'X+Y', not to 'X # A # Y'. This claim has an important consequence from a pedagogical point of view, since it implies that <hacer-que subjunctive> causatives are not equivalent to Korean syntactic causatives with -key ha-.

Choi, YoungSik. (2017). Clausal architecture of auxiliary verb and periphrastic causative constructions in Korean. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 25(2), 23-41. I show that auxiliary verb construction in Korean is mono-clausal, using negation, manner adverbial and argument projection, prosodic boundary of pause as valid tests. The present result is quite in agreement with the cross-linguistic observation in the literature (Anderson 2006), according to which the auxiliary verb construction is mono-clausal. I will also show that when the same sentence is construed as a non-auxiliary verb construction, it is a complex sentence with a non-complement subordinate clause. I will also argue that periphrastic causative construction is a non-auxiliary verb construction, too, a complex sentence with a complement clause. The present research will have a non-trivial implication on a better understanding of the auxiliary verb constructions in Korean in general.