Earticle

본 연구는, 기존의 저비용 모바일 게임개발 사례를 근간으로, 3명의 개발인원, 4개월의 개발기간이라는 연구의 지향점을 두고 진행된 분석연구로, 소규모, 단기간 조건하에서 게임제작에 필수적인 업무 간 협업과정을 단계별로 기 록, 효율적 게임개발의 필수요소들을 검증하였다. 선행연구로 개발인원의 업무적 책임역량을 이론적으로 고찰한 후, 본문에서 단기간 제작사례를 바탕으로 제작자의 입장에서 효과적인 제작 과정을 분석, 과정상의 핵심요소를 제시하고, 사용성 검증을 위하여 개발자들의 피드백을 추가적으로 첨부함으로서, 소규모 인원에 의한 단기간 게임개발의 장, 단점 및 보완사항이 연구결과로 제시되었다는 점에서, 본 연구가 소규모 개발사에게 좋은 가이드라인이 될 것으로 판단된다.

This study is an analytical case study focusing on ‘low-budget’ mobile game development centered on both short-term development and small-scale collaboration. This study set up the assumption of four months as development period limited by three developers along with step by step productional documentation. In the previous study, we set up the responsibilities of the development personnels to analyze the effective process of the practical production. Furthermore, the study analyzed the usability verification of both advantages and disadvantages for conducting the quantitative survey with developer's feedbacks. The study is to provide the essential guideline for ‘low-budget’ development group with effective pipeline.

본 연구에서는 유방암 환자와 보호자의 디스트레스(distress)감소시키고, 삶의 질을 높이기 위해 단기 심리 상담 프로그램을 개발하여 시범 적용을 통해 효과와 적용가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 이에 암환자와 보호자가 함께 참여하는 3회기 심리상담 프로그램(‘Better Together’)을 개발하였고, 치료 중인 유방암환자와 보호자를 대상으로 예비 연구를 진행하였다. 프로그램 전과 후, 1달 후 추적 평가를 통해 환자와 보호자의 우울과 디스트레스 수준, 삶의 질, 부부친밀도, 보호자의 돌봄 부담, 환자의 사회적 지지도에서의 변화를 평가하였고, 프로그램 종결 후 만족도 평가와 주관적 보고로 프로그램의 유용성을 확인하였다. 대상자 모집 기간 중 프로그램의 참여율은 8.7%였으며, 이들 중 프로그램을 모두 마친 4쌍의 사례에 대해 분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 프로그램 후 환자의 우울 수준이 유의하게 감소하고, 삶의 질이 유의하게 높아져 큰 수준의 효과크기(d=-1.23∼3.45)를 나타냈다. 환자와 보호자 모두 부부 친밀감이 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 또한 프로그램 후 보호자는 환자에 대한 돌봄이 증가하였지만, 우울과 디스트레스는 증가하지 않는 양상이었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, 임상 현장에서 Better Together 프로그램의 활용 가능성과 향후 연구에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

The purpose of our study is to reduce the distress and improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients and caregivers. A short-term psychological counseling program was developed to evaluate the effectiveness and practicability through a pilot study. In response, a three-session psychological counseling program(‘Better Together’) was developed and a pilot study was conducted in breast cancer patients and caregivers under treatment. Pre, post, and 1month follow-up assessments were measured to evaluate the changes in the level of depression, distress, quality of life, marital intimacy of the patients and care givers, the care burden of the caregiver, and the patient social support. The satisfaction assessment and subjective reports of the program validated the usefulness of the program. During the recruitment period, the participation rate of the program was 8.7% and four couples who completed the program were analyzed. As a result, depression levels were significantly decreased and quality of life was increased in patients with a large level of effect size(d=-1.23?3.45). Both the patient and caregiver reported an increase in marital intimacy. While the caregivers’ care for patients was increased, depression and distress did not show any increase. Based on these results, we discussed the usability of the ‘Better Together’ program in clinical settings and its implications for further research.

The basis of cyber trading has been sufficiently developed with innovative advancement of Internet Technology and the tendency of stock market investment has changed from long-term investment, which estimates the value of enterprises, to short-term investment, which focuses on getting short-term stock trading margin. Hence, this research shows a Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System on Learning Agent System using DTA(Decision Tree Algorithm) ; it collects real-time information of interest and favorite issues using Agent Technology through the Internet, and forms a decision tree, and creates a Rule-Base Database. Through this procedure the Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System provides customers with the prediction of the fluctuation of stock prices for each issue in near future and a point of sales and purchases. A Human being has the limitation of analytic ability and so through taking a look into and analyzing the fluctuation of stock prices, the Agent enables man to trace out the external factors of fluctuation of stock market on real-time. Therefore, we can check out the ups and downs of several issues at the same time and figure out the relationship and interrelation among many issues using the Agent. The SPFA (Stock Price Forecasting System) has such basic four phases as Data Collection, Data Processing, Learning, and Forecasting and Feedback.

전통 문화를 보존하고 계승하기 위해 전통 문화에 대한 가치를 재조명하고 전 통 공예의 가치와 우수성을 알리기 위한 방안으로 다양한 전통 공예 사업과 프로 그램이 추진되고 있다. 국가유산진흥원 <(구)한국문화재재단>에서 운영하고 있는 국가무형유산 전수 교육관 <(구)국가무형문화재 전수교육관>에서는 8개의 예능종목 단체와 12개의 기능종목 보유자들이 입주해 있으며, 보유자의 작품 활동, 전수 교육, 각 종목에 대한 홍보를 위해 일반인 대상 교육, 체험 프로그램을 진행하고 있다. 12개의 기 능 종목 중 조각은 숙련된 기술의 우수성과 전통의 아름다움을 잘 나타내는 전통 공예기법이지만, 대중들은 전통 조각기법의 정확한 개념과 내용의 이해가 부족하다. 조각은 매년 일정 기간 동안 지속적인 교육(5~10회)으로 진행되는 프로그램 이 진행되고 있다. 소수 인원으로 일정기간 동안 지속적인 교육의 기능종목에 대 한 이해와 높은 품질의 결과물을 가지는 장점을 가지게 되지만, 장시간 교육을 받 아야하는 기간의 제약으로 인해 많은 대중들이 쉽게 교육받지 못하는 아쉬움이 있어서 조각 기법 중 비교적 과정이 간단한 소상감 기법을 활용한 단기 체험 프 로그램을 개발하고자 한다. 조각 종목 중 선상감이나 눈금상감 등의 기법을 실습 하기 위해서 바탕금속과 감입금속이 필요하다. 전통 조각 종목에서 바탕금속으로 가장 많이 사용하는 적동을 사용하고 적동에 소상감 기법을 적용할 감입금속으로 주석을 활용하고자 한다. 주석은 금속의 낮은 녹는점과 유연성으로 인해 다른 금 속에 비해 다루기 수월하여 전통조각기법 중 바탕금속에 파낸 홈에 금이나 은 아 말감 합금으로 메워 무늬를 넣는 소상감의 감입금속으로 적합하다 판단된다. 이 에 소상감을 활용한 전통금속조각 단기 교육체험 프로그램을 개발하여 대중들이 전통 조각 기법에 대해 이해하고 일반인들이 쉽게 접근할 수 있으며, 단시간 조각장 기능종목을 체험할 수 있는 기회가 되길 바란다.

In an effort to preserve and succeed the traditional culture, several projects and programs on traditional crafting are being promoted as measures to shed a new light on the value of Korean traditions and cultures, and herald the value and excellence of traditional crafting. The foundation has 8 groups representing fields of art and craft, and certified master craftspeople in 12 fields are residing in the Training Center for Important Intangible Cultural Properties within the Cultural Heritage Foundation, and providing education and experience programs designed for the general public, in order to promote the artistic activities of intangible heritage holders, apprenticeship, and the respective field of arts and crafts. Among the 12 fields of crafts, sculpture is a traditional crafting technique exhibiting the excellence of advanced skills and the beauty of Korean tradition. However, the public lacks deeper understanding on the concepts and finer points of traditional sculpting techniques. Currently there are ongoing programs that consists of continuous sessions (5 to 10 sessions) for a certain period in each year. While these sessions have advantage in providing the understanding on the field of craft and high quality of output through continuous training for a specific term with a small group, Such an approach can have a limitation as a training curriculum for the larger public audience to experience. Therefore, it is the intention to develop a short-term experience program leveraging melting inlay technique among the sculpting techniques.

본 연구는 부부관계 질, 어머니의 양육효능감, 아버지의 양육참여가 영아발달에 미치는 영향을 단기종단적으로 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 서울과 경기지역에 거주하면서 영아기 자녀를 둔 어머니 310명이다. 수집된 자료는 통계프로그램 SPSS 21.0과 AMOS 21.0으로 분석하였다. 모수추정은 최대우도법을 사용하였고, 간접효과의 통계적 유의성은 부트스트래핑 절차에 따랐다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부부관계 질은 어머니의 양육효능감을 통해 6개월 영아발달에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 양육효능감은 6개월과 12개월 영아발달에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부부관계 질은 아버지의 양육참여를 통해 6개월 영아발달에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 6개월 영아발달은 12개월 영아발달에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 부모의 양육특성 및 관계적 특성이 영아발달에 미치는 단기종단적 효과를 밝히는데 의의가 있다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 어머니의 양육효능감과 아버지의 양육참여를 높이기 위한 구체적인 방안을 논의하였다.

The purpose of this short-term longitudinal study is to examine the effect of marital quality, maternal parenting efficacy, and paternal involvement on infant development. Participants of the study were 310 mothers who were raising infants in the Seoul and Gyeonggi-do area. The data were analyzed using the statistics programs SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. The maximum likelihood method was utilized for parameter estimation, and statistical significance was examined using the bootstrapping procedure. The results of the study are as follows. First, marital quality was found to affect 6-month infant development through maternal parenting efficacy. Second, the marital quality has a direct effect on 6-month and 12-month infant development. Third, the marital quality was found to affect 6-month infant development through paternal involvement. Fourth, 6-month infant development directly affected the 12-month infant development. The results of this study indicate that the marital relationship and parenting characteristics exert influence on infant development in the short term and over the persistence of early infant development. On the basis of these results, suggestions were provided for enhancing maternal parenting efficacy and paternal involvement in parenting.

오존 예보제에 사용가능한 오존 예측모델을 개발하기 위하여 자기회귀모델(AR)의 발전된 형태인 ARX 모델과 최근 웨이브릿 기법의 형태로 발전되고 있는 LSW 기법을 이용하여 오존 일 최고농도를 예측하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 추세성분과 단기변동성분을 예측하기 위하여 웨이브릿 스펙트럼 분석을 실시하였다. 웨이브릿 필터로 분리된 시계열을 이용하여 추세성분과 단기변동 성분을 예측하여 합성한 결과, 신뢰수준이 상당히 높은 예측결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 특히 ARX+LSW 모델을 통하여 예측한 결과 고농도 영역에서 정확도가 상당부분 개선되는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 단기 변동성분의 예측율이 LSW를 통하여 상당부분 개선되었기 때문으로 판단된다.

It was investigated to what extent linear auto regressive models with external input (ARX) merged with LSW (Local Stationary Wavelet) and auto regressive moving average models with external input (ARX + LSW) could be used to predict the ozone peak concentration and typical anthropogenic pollutants which include VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) and NOx under urban air mass conditions of Seoul airshed, Korea. Solar radiation and wind speeds were used as the input variables to describe Ozone production mode. We used a wavelet spectrum method for decomposing cycle and trend component. The proposed method combines the wavelet decomposition as a filtering trend step to provide an acceptable prediction value. Basically, the wavelet decomposition use a pair of filters to decompose iteratively the original time series. It results in a hierarchy of new time series that are easy to model and predict. It was also found that ARX +LSW models performed better than ARX or LSW models; specially high level ozone prediction ability is more improved with LSW induced effect.

본 연구는 영아초기 어휘 발달의 안정성과 표현어휘와 이해어휘 간의 관계를 알아보는 것을 목적으로, 393쌍의 어머니와 영아들을 대상으로 하였다. 8, 12, 15, 18개월에 영아의 가정을 방문하여 어휘체크리스트를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 영아초기 어휘발달은 시간적으로 안정적이었다. 특히 이해어휘는 이해어휘와, 표현어휘는 표현어휘와 상관이 높고, 연령이 높아질수록 어휘들 간 상관이 높아지는 특징을 보였다. 둘째, 영아가 습득한 12개월 어휘 수는 18개월 어휘수를 예측할 수 있었다. 셋째, 이해어휘는 표현어휘의 발달을 예측할 수 있었다. 또한 월령별로 습득한 어휘 내용을 통해, 영아초기 어휘는 의사소통적 기능을 하고 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 영아초기 어휘발달은 안정적이며, 따라서 초기(12개월)에 습득한 어휘 수에 근거하여 이후 영아의 어휘발달을 예측할 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

The purpose of this study was two characteristics of early vocabulary development: the stability between 8 and 18 months of age, and the relationship between receptive and expressive vocabulary. The total of 393 mothers and their infants participated in this study. We visited the infants' home at 8, 12, 15, and 18 months in age. And the ability of infants' language was measured by the vocabulary checklist. Results are as follows: First, infant's vocabulary development showed stability of individual variation across ages. Especially, the correlation of same kind of vocabulary was higher than ones of different kind of vocabulary, and the stability was stronger, as age increased. Second, the number of vocabulary at 12 months could predict the language ability at 18 months. Finally, the receptive vocabulary could predict later the expressive vocabulary. The results implied that based on the number of vocabulary acquired in early infancy, we can expect and explain later language development.

In this paper, we propose English word display interfaces to improve short-term memory: a basic display, a rotation change display, a size change display, and a color change display. Using these display interfaces, we apply the word recall memory test to users. Experimental results show that the users recall more English words in the rotation change display and the color change display, as compared with the basic display and the size change display. Also, the users think that the rotation change display and the color change display are more helpful for short-term memory than the basic display and the size change display. It describes that the word display interface can have an influence on short term memory.

2004년 고용허가제 시행 이후 매년 10만 명 이상의 외국인 근로자가 국내에 입국한다. 그러나 입국 후 이들은 불규칙적인 근무 시간과 지리적인 위치의 한계로 인하여 한국어를 학습하는 데 어려움을 겪는다. 외국인 근로자를 위한 한국어 프로그램이 유학생, 결혼이주민을 위한 프로그램보다 상대적으로 부족한 것도 한국어 학습의 방해 요인이 된다. 본 연구는 한국에 입국한 태국인 근로자를 대상으로 단기 한국어 프로그램을 개발 및 앱 설계를 위한 요구 분석을 하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 세 가지 요구 분석을 실시하였다. 첫째, 외국인 근로자를 대상으로 한 교재 ‘한국어표준교재1, 2’를 비교 분석하였다. 둘째, 기존 EPS-TOPIK 학습용 앱을 분석하였다. 셋째, 기존 교재와 앱 분석 결과를 바탕으로 실제 한국에 입국한 태국인 근로자 대상 설문조사를 시행하여 한국어 교육과정에 대한 이들의 요구를 살펴보았다. 이후 분석 결과를 토대로 태국인 근로자를 위한 교수요목을 설계하고 이를 실제 앱에 적용하도록 교육과정을 개발하는 방안을 모색하였다. 이를 통해 그동안 한국어 교육 현장에서 소외된 외국인 근로자를 위한 프로그램 개발에 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다.

Since the implementation of the employment permit system in 2004, more than 100,000 immigrant workers have been entering the country every year. However, after entering the country, they have difficulty learning Korean due to irregular working hours and limited geographic mobility. The relative lack of Korean language programs for immigrant workers compared to those for international students and marriage immigrants is also a hindrance to Korean language learning. This study aims to conduct a needs analysis and develop a short-term Korean language program for Thai immigrant workers who have entered Korea. To this end, three needs analysis were performed. First, the existing textbooks for immigrant workers, textbook for EPS-TOPIK was analyzed. Second, the existing EPS-TOPIK learning app was analyzed. Third, based on the results of the analysis of the existing textbooks and apps, we surveyed Thai workers who actually entered Korea to examine their needs for the Korean language curriculum. Based on the results of the analysis, the ministry sought to develop a curriculum to design teaching requirements for Thai immigrant workers and use them in actual applications. In this manner, the government has been trying to provide basic data on the development of programs for immigrant workers who have been alienated from Korean language education sites.

기존의 많은 돌발상황 자동감지 알고리즘은 복잡한 구조와 계산 과정, 수많은 매개변수, 그리고 필터링/평활화 같은 선 작업 때문에 지속적인 유지관리가 사실상 중단된 상태이고 오보율 또한 높아 많은 교통관리센터로부터 기피 대상이 되고 있는 등 돌발상황감지의 주력 수단으로서 자동 알고리즘의 지위가 위태해진 현실은 매우 우려할만하다. 본 연구에서는 상대 점유율과 속도 항을 활용하여 적체 교통량이라는 신 개념을 도입, 구조가 아주 간단하면서도 검 측 원시자료의 보정이 거의 필요 없는 DiFI(Displaced Flow Index) 기반의 돌발상황 자동감지알고리즘을 개발하였다. DiFI 알고리즘의 성능평가는 2003년도 내부순환로 검지기자료를 활용하여 검증을 수행하였으며, 2011년도 경부고속 도로 검지기 자료를 수집·정리하여 이식성 검사를 이행하였다. 성능평가는 검지율, 오보율, 평균검지시간, 기타 CR, CI, PI를 사용하였는데 100%의 검지율과 2.99%의 낮은 오보율, 1분을 약간 초과하는 평균검지시간을 보였다. 이는 SAO 는 물론 국내 현장에 가장 많이 접목된 APID 및 DELOS 등과 비교해서도 모든 면에서 우월한 성능을 보이는 것이었다.

Many traffic centers are highly hesitant in employing existing Automatic Incident Detection Algorithms due to high false alarm rate, low detection rate, and enormous effort taken in maintaining algorithm parameters, together with complex algorithm structure and filtering/smoothing process. Concerns grow over the situation particularly in Freeway Incident Management Area This study proposes a new algorithm and introduces a novel concept, the Displaced Flow Index (DiFI) which is similar to a product of relative speed and relative occupancy for every execution period. The algorithm structure is very simple, also easy to understand with minimum parameters, and could use raw data without any additional pre-processing. To evaluate the performance of the DiFI algorithm, validation test on the algorithm has been conducted using detector data taken from Naebu Expressway in Seoul and following transferability tests with Gyeongbu Expressway detector data. Performance test has utilized many indices such as DR, FAR, MTTD (Mean Time To Detect), CR (Classification Rate), CI (Composite Index) and PI (Performance Index). It was found that the DR is up to 100%, the MTTD is a little over 1.0 minutes, and the FAR is as low as 2.99%. This newly designed algorithm seems promising and outperformed SAO and most popular AIDAs such as APID and DELOS, and showed the best performance in every category.

This study investigates the effect of ethnicity on the learners’ writing development in terms of accuracy, fluency, and complexity and explore how ethnicity plays a role as an intervening variable. 89 Korean and Chinese students participated in this study, and 267 writing samples were analyzed via NVivo 12, SPSS, and Lu’s (2010) syntactic analyzer. The results of the study indicate that Korean students outperformed Chinese students in short and long term period when accuracy and fluency are concerned. Syntactically speaking, mean length of sentences, clause per sentence, complex t-unit, dependent clause per clause, dependent clause per t-unit, coordinate phrases per t-unit, and verb phrases worked as discriminators in differentiating Korean and Chinese learners’ syntactic development in a semester-based instruction. Contrary to the results of accuracy and complexity, in terms of syntactic ability, Korean learners outperformed Chinese students in mean length of sentences and verb phrases. However, Chinese students show superiority in other five areas of syntactic complexity. These contradicting results between accuracy and fluency on one side, and complexity on the other one is somewhat confusing. To provide one of the explanations as to why this happened in the local context, the researcher pointed out the critical role of mother tongue between Korean and Chinese students. Caution is needed to accept this explanation based on a single study which calls for future studies. Although the applicability of this study is galore, the researcher narrowed down to monitoring role of syntactic analyzer for both teachers and students’ syntactic development in the mode of writing. In addition, suggestions to adopt Lu’s (2010) syntactic analyzer to our field is addressed.

The aim of this study is to provide foundational material for program development of short-term Korean language and history program for Chinese Korean. For this, three kinds of needs analysis are conducted. An analysis of Korean history program in the related organizations, an analysis of text books for overseas Korean, and a questionnaire for students and teachers, which was based on a small group interview are conducted in this research. On the basis of the analysis, this study shows syllabus of three weeks Korean language and history program for Korean Chinese. The syllabus for Korean history program is designed for content-based instruction with Korean meaningful historic event mainly based on modern and contemporary history. The tasks for Korean history program includes various activities for encouraging participation such as presentation, investigation, field learning and so on.

This study investigates the effect of ethnicity on the learners’ writing development in terms of accuracy, fluency, and complexity and explore how ethnicity plays a role as an intervening variable. 89 Korean and Chinese students participated in this study, and 267 writing samples were analyzed via NVivo 12, SPSS, and Lu’s (2010) syntactic analyzer. The results of the study indicate that Korean students outperformed Chinese students in short and long term period when accuracy and fluency are concerned. Syntactically speaking, mean length of sentences, clause per sentence, complex t-unit, dependent clause per clause, dependent clause per t-unit, coordinate phrases per t-unit, and verb phrases worked as discriminators in differentiating Korean and Chinese learners’ syntactic development in a semester-based instruction. Contrary to the results of accuracy and complexity, in terms of syntactic ability, Korean learners outperformed Chinese students in mean length of sentences and verb phrases. However, Chinese students show superiority in other five areas of syntactic complexity. These contradicting results between accuracy and fluency on one side, and complexity on the other one is somewhat confusing. To provide one of the explanations as to why this happened in the local context, the researcher pointed out the critical role of mother tongue between Korean and Chinese students. Caution is needed to accept this explanation based on a single study which calls for future studies. Although the applicability of this study is galore, the researcher narrowed down to monitoring role of syntactic analyzer for both teachers and students’ syntactic development in the mode of writing. In addition, suggestions to adopt Lu’s (2010) syntactic analyzer to our field is addressed.

This study examines the relationship between resilience, collaboration, and language learning strategies (LLS) in developing L2 oral proficiency in short-term study-abroad (STSA) programs. While studying abroad provides a linguistically rich environment for L2 learning, individual and social factors also influence oral proficiency gains. Collaboration, defined here as learners’ general tendency to actively engage with peers in cooperative activities to solve language-related problems or achieve communicative goals, is one factor that may significantly shape learning outcomes. This study investigates how resilience and collaboration contribute to L2 oral proficiency development, both directly and indirectly, via LLS. Ninety-two Japanese university students participated in four-week STSA programs, completed pre- and post-oral proficiency exams, and responded to surveys assessing resilience, collaboration, and LLS. Path analysis indicated that resilience had a direct and significant impact on L2 oral proficiency and was moderately associated with collaboration. Collaboration emerged as a strong predictor of oral proficiency gains, underscoring the importance of peer interaction and social engagement in short-term immersion. However, LLS did not significantly mediate the relationship between resilience, collaboration, and oral proficiency, suggesting that fostering collaborative engagement and resilience may be more beneficial than explicit strategy instruction within STSA contexts.

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes a global classroom feature, its impact on the well-being of students and teachers requires urgent attention. Starting in 2025, South Korea will lead this shift with the large-scale introduction of AI Digital Textbooks (AIDTs). While these innovations aim to enhance learning, their effects on student development remain underexplored. This paper introduces a Wellbeing Matrix to assess how AIDTs influence creativity, productivity, memory, motivation, and overall happiness, applying it for case studies in South Korean schools. The matrix evaluates both short- and long-term cognitive, psychological, and social development, highlighting the importance of fostering positive outcomes through AI integration. Furthermore, the UK's “AI for teachers” approach, which focuses on reducing teacher workloads through AI to ease Ofsted evaluations, contrasts with South Korea's focus on improving student learning. This suggests that alleviating teacher stress may become a key focus for South Korea’s future AI adoption strategy. Ultimately, the Wellbeing Matrix provides educators and policymakers a tool to ensure AI enhances the holistic development of students while balancing technological progress with wellbeing.

In order to develope the in vitro short term screen-ing method for carcinogen, we studied a purification method for thymine glycol in oxidaized DNA. Thymine glycol (5,6-dihydroxy-5, 6-dihydrothymine) is the major stable radiolysis poduct in thymine by chemical oxidants and ionzing radiation and it is a useful biomarker among oxidized DNA adducts, related with carcinogenests. Standard thymine glycol was prepared by oxidation of 〔$^3$H〕 thymine with KMnO$_4$ followed by purification with HPLC-LSC system and it was assayed by TLC and gas chromatography-MSD. 〔$^3$H〕 DMA adducts was isolated from E. coli (wild type ) treated with oxidative agents such as benzo(a)pyrene, adriamycin, aflatoxin B$_1$ and KBrO$_3$. These oxidative agents generated free radicals in cells by oxidative metabolism. As a result, thymine glycol was produced in cultured E. coli by four chemicals. This result shows that this methodology should be useful tool in screening oxidative carcinogen.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of short-term presalting on pink color and pigment characteristics in ground chicken breasts after cooking. Four salt levels (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) were presalted and stored for 0 and 3 d prior to cooking. Cooking yield was increased as salt level was increased. However, no significant differences in pH values or oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of cooked chicken breasts were observed. Cooked products with more than 2% of salt level had less redder (lower CIE $a^*$ value) on day 3 than on those on day 0. As salt level was increased to 2%, myoglobin was denatured greatly. Myoglobin denaturation was leveled off when samples had 3% of salt. With increasing salt levels, residual nitrite contents were increased while nitrosyl hemochrome contents were decreased. These results demonstrate that salt addition to a level of more than 2% to ground meat may reduce the redness of cooked products and that presalting storage longer than 3 d should be employed to develop a natural pink color of ground chicken products when less than 1% salt is added to ground chicken meat.

The appearance of many Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) constructions look like ordinary steel construction, because GFRP has been imitated by the same way with the traditional steel's cross section as well as connection system. In terms of detachable connection, there was not enough appropriate option of GFRP connection, such as a traditional bolt connection for steel and wood structures. Most of all, from material characteristic of GFRP related to the deficient ductility, the shearstress principle of GFRP s not proper for the material property, which causes ineffective and not economic application of material. With this research problem, the innovative and detachable onnection system, which is more considered with appropriate material characteristic for FRP, is developed. Not only short time but also long time research with various connection variations is carried out.

본 연구의 목적은 중소기업 근로자의 직무스트레스를 감소시키고자 마음챙김 명상에 기반한 집단미술치료의 단기프로그램을 구성하여 제안하는 것이다. 이를 위해 직무스트레스, 마음챙김 명상, 집단미술치료 관련 선행연구를 검토하였다. 또한, 중소기업 근로자 대상 요구도 조사와 기업 여건을 반영하여 마음챙김 명상과 집단미술치료 활동을 통합 적용한 단기프로그램에 대해 고찰하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 프로그램은 주 1회씩 총 4회 운영된다. 둘째, 매회기 마음챙김 명상과 미술치료 활동이 이뤄지며, 마음챙김 명상을 일상에서도 할 수 있도록 안내한다. 이를 통해 근로자의 직무스트레스 감소 및 기업의 경제적 부담 완화 등이 기대되나, 추후 타당성 및 실제 프로그램 운영을 통한 효과 검증 등의 후속 연구가 필요하다.

The purpose of this study is to construct and propose a short-term program of group art therapy based on mindfulness meditation in order to reduce the job stress of SME workers. For this purpose, previous studies related to job stress, mindfulness meditation, and group art therapy were reviewed. In addition, the results of a short-term program that integrated mindfulness meditation and group art therapy activities were reviewed by reflecting the needs assessment of SME workers and corporate conditions are as follows. First, this program is operated once a week for a total of 4 session. Second, mindfulness meditation and art therapy activities are held every session, and mindfulness meditation is guided so that you can practice it in your daily life. Through this, it is expected to reduce the job stress of workers and alleviate the economic burden of the company, but follow-up studies such as validation of feasibility and effectiveness through actual program operation are needed.