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21세기 정보통신기술의 발전과 함께 암호화 기술과 익명성이 결합된 플랫폼은 사이버 공간에서의 소통 방식과 집단 형성 구조를 변화시키고 있다. 다크웹과 텔레그램 같은 암호 화 기반 플랫폼은 극단주의 담론과 공격 방법의 확산을 용이하게 하며, 기존의 감시와 차 단 체계를 우회하는 수단으로 활용되고 있다. 최근에는 온라인 공간에서 축적된 담론과 네트워크가 특정 계기를 통해 오프라인 집단 행동으로 전환되는 사례도 나타나고 있어, 이러한 현상은 새로운 형태의 안보 위협으로 부상하고 있다. 본 연구는 암호화 플랫폼과 익명 네트워크 환경이 테러리즘과 극단주의의 확산 및 행동화 과정에서 수행하는 구조적 역할을 분석한다. 이를 위해 사회연결망 이론과 긴장이론을 적용하고, 미 의회 난입 사건을 실증 사례로 검토하여 온라인에서 오프라인 행동으로의 전환 메커니즘을 규명한다. 나아가 변화하는 사이버 공간에 대응하기 위한 보안관리 및 정책적 시사점을 제시한다.

With the advancement of information and communication technologies in the 21st century, platforms that integrate encryption technology and anonymity are transforming communication methods and group formation structures in cyberspace. Encryption-based platforms such as the dark web and Telegram facilitate the spread of extremist discourse and attack methods, serving as tools to circumvent existing surveillance and blocking systems. Recently, there have been instances where online discourse and networks have transitioned into offline collective actions triggered by specific events, making this phenomenon a new form of security threat. This study analyzes the structural role that encrypted platforms and anonymous network environments play in the dissemination and actualization of terrorism and extremism. To do so, it applies social network theory and strain theory, examining the U.S. Capitol riot as an empirical case to identify the mechanisms behind the transition from online to offline actions. Furthermore, it offers security management and policy implications to address the evolving challenges in cyberspace.

The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of implementing simple, safe, non-equipment evidence-based movements (Healthy Moves for Aging Well program) using an affordable and sustainable homecare-aide based delivery model that reaches the maximum possi-ble number of frail older adults living at home in Illinois. Two local agen-cies were asked to identify two experienced home care aides and two inexperienced home care aides (n=8). Each home care aides delivered the Healthy Moves to four clients (n=16). Eight home care aides visited the client in the home and were asked to deliver the Healthy Moves program on a regular basis for a four-month time period. Outcome mea-sures included a pre-and post- survey, a functional fitness test (older adults), and interviews. Evaluation procedures focused on older adult participants, homecare aids, and sites. The results showed that both interview and survey data revealed that most participants including older adults, home care aides, and site directors had a positive percep-tion and high satisfaction with the program. Specially, 100% of older adult participants reported that they would recommend the program to others. Additionally, seniors and home care aides reported that they en-joyed working with each other on the program and both site directors reported that dissemination of the program in the State of Illinois em-ploying home care aides was feasible and acceptable. Our study re-sults indicate that Healthy Moves for Aging Well could be safely and successfully be disseminated to frail older adults in the State of Illinois.

Purpose: This review aimed to analyze the use of behavior change techniques (BCTs) and the degree of theory implementation using a theory coding scheme (TCS) in mobile self-management interventions for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this scoping review, four electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL) and gray literature sources were searched. Studies were independently screened according to predefined criteria. The BCT taxonomy was used to categorize techniques, and the TCS was applied to evaluate the quality of theory implementation. Results: Seventeen randomized controlled trials were included. Twenty-five unique BCTs were identified (mean, 8.1 per study). Commonly used BCTs included social support (unspecified) (n=14), instructions on how to perform a behavior (n=14), feedback on behavior (n=11), and prompts/cues (n=11). Techniques related to capability, such as habit formation, rewards, framing/reframing, and verbal persuasion, were rare (n=1 study each). TCS scores ranged from 5 to 15 (mean, 10.3). All included studies cited a theory, used it to select intervention techniques, and employed randomization. However, no study used the findings to refine the theory, and only one conducted a mediational analysis of theoretical constructs. Conclusion: Mobile T2DM self-management interventions commonly rely on a limited range of BCTs and show restricted theoretical application beyond basic implementation. Future interventions should employ a broader array of BCTs and apply theories more rigorously, including tailoring interventions, empirically testing theoretical mechanisms, and refining theories based on results to increase their effectiveness.

Purpose: This study systematically reviewed research on behavioral interventions based on theinformation-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model to investigate specific intervention strategies thatfocus on information, motivation, and behavioral skills and to evaluate their effectiveness for people withchronic diseases. Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of both the NationalEvidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency and Im and Chang. A literature search was conductedusing electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials that tested behavioral interventions based onthe IMB model for promoting health behaviors among people with chronic diseases were included. Fourinvestigators independently reviewed the studies and assessed the quality of each study. A narrativesynthesis was used. Results: A total of 12 studies were included in the review.Nine studies investigated patients with HIV/AIDS. The most frequently used intervention strategies were instructional pamphlets for the informationconstruct, motivational interviewing techniques for the motivation construct, and instruction or roleplaying for the behavioral skills construct. Ten studies reported significant behavior changes at the firstpost-intervention assessment. Conclusion: This review indicates the potential strength of the IMB model as a theoretical framework todevelop behavioral interventions. The specific integration strategies delineated for each construct of themodel can be utilized to design model-based interventions.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine how rehabilitation and patient education for knee osteoarthritis improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and to identify factors influencing HRQOL.Methods: Between May 2020 and March 2022, 30 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were treated conservatively and rehabilitated with a patient education program. The patient education program was based on the health belief model by Sedlak et al., and patient education using pamphlets was provided during the rehabilitation intervention. The survey items were patient basic information, instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) (FAI), fear of falling (FES), degree of depression (GDS), HRQOL (SF-8), knee function assessment (JOA score), and X-ray classification (K-L classification), and the survey method was a self-administered questionnaire at the start of rehabilitation, 1 month after the intervention, and at the end of the rehabilitation intervention. We examined factors affecting the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of HRQOL scores.Results: JOA score, FES, FAI, GDS, and SF-8 improved significantly (p<0.01). MCS was also negatively correlated with FES and age (r=-0.486, -0.368). Sex was extracted as a factor for PCS as a factor affecting HRQOL (p<0.01). MCS was extracted with FES as a factor (p=0.046).Conclusion: A rehabilitation intervention incorporating patient education in osteoarthritis of the knee showed improvement in HRQOL and may be useful for improving depression, fear of falling, and instrumental ADL.

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the stage of change of smoking cessation behavior and investigate factors associated with the stage of smoking cessation behavior according to the transtheoretical model. Methods. The participants, 297 smokers & quitters were selected by a stratified random sampling from 127 high school sophomore students in B city. Data were collected from April 6th to 16th, in 2002 using the structured self-report questionnaire. Results. The subjects were distributed in each stage of change of smoking cessation behavior: there were 46 subjects (15.5%) in precontemplation, 73 subjects (24.6%) in contemplation, 67 subjects(22.3%) in preparation, 56 subjects (18.5%) in action, 55 subjects (18.5%) in maintenance. Compared to the precontemplation and contemplation, people in preparation tended to smoke daily more and smoked for a shorter time, and as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance, past 1 year smoking cessation frequency increased and friends smoking decreased. Smoking onset age was the earliest in preparation, and the latest in maintenance. Helping relationships and self relationships are used a lot in precontemplation and also in contemplation. In preparation, self liberation and helping relationships are used a lot, in action, self liberation and helping relationships, and in maintenance, self liberation and environmental reevaluation. At each stage, the score of negative affect situation was the highest, but the one of negative affect situation, positive social situation, habitual strength, weight control decreased as precontemplation progressed to the maintenance. While the score of social pros and coping pros decreased with increasing stage, the one of cons tended to increase. Through stepwise discriminant analysis, it was found that social pros, smoking onset age, delf-libration were the most influencing powers among factors associated with the stages of smoking cessation behavior. Conclusions. This study suggested that, in developing an effective smoking cessation intervention for adolescents, all the stage of a client's cessation had to be assessed prior to applying intervention programs. In addition, the results of this study will become a pillar of smoking cessation program planning and application.

1. Foreigners' investment behavior have changed very much after the subprime mortgage crisis. 2. The most noteworthy behavior is the shortening of the investment duration and trade turnover rate level up. The investment scheme upgrade made the weight of foreigners' influence increased even though the foreigners' weight of holding securities decreased. 3. In order to survey the above pattern, the stock trade behavior model was set up. It was observed that the structural shift has been made after subprime mortgage crisis in the later part of 2007. Marked difference was the risk aversion behavior after 2007. 4. The phenomenon of the foreigners' investment behavior change toward the short-term investment and risk aversion will extend the possibility of disturbing factors to Korean stock market. 5. Therefore, it is recommended, as a policy, both the close monitoring foreigners' stock investment behavior and the strengthening Korean institutional investors such as government and private pension funds, etc.

본 연구는 카지노 시큐리티 종사자의 운동변화단계에 따른 신체적 자기개념과 자기효능감의 관계를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적 달성을 위하여 전국 카지노 17개업체중 시큐리티 관련업무 30명 이상을 고용하고 있는 8개의 업체를 모집단으로 설정하여 표본을 추출하였다 이 연구에서 시큐리티 종사자 30명 이상을 고용하고 있는 업체를 선정한 이유는 30명 이하의 영세한 업체에서 조직구성 및 직무체계와 환경이 대체적으로 차이가 있으므로 이에 따른 연구결과를 일반화하기에는 다소 제한적이라고 판단되기 때문이다. 편의 추출법(convenience sampling)에 의하여 대상을 표집 하였으며, 선정된 연구대상자는 본 연구의 취지 및 설문조사 교육을 받은 조사원을 통해 운동변화단계에 따른 신체적 자기개 념과 자기효능감의 관계 설문지를 자기평가 기입법(self-administration method)에 따라 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 조사 자료의 결과를 처리하기 위하여 Window SPSS 16.0프로그램을 이용하여 분석하 였으며, 측정도구의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석(factor analysis)과 신뢰도 검증을 위하여 하위 척도별 내적 일관성 계수(Cronbach's alpha)를 산출하였다. 주성분 분석(principle component factor analysis)을 이용하였으며. 요인회전방법으로 직각회전방식(varimax rotation)을 이용하였다. 초기 고유값(Eigen value) 1.0을 요인 추출의 준거로 삼았다. 운동변화단계에 있어 성별, 근무형태의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 운동 변화단계에 대한 차이를 검증하기 위해 χ²을 실시하였다. 운동변화단계에 따라 신체적 자기개념과 자기효능감의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 운동변화단계를 독립변수로 신체적 자기개념과 자기효능감을 종속변수로 하는 일원변량분석(one-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 집단간의 평균차를 검증하기 위하여 사후검증으로 Scheffe 검증을 실시하였다. 신체적 자기개념이 자기효능감에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 먼저 상관관계분석을 실시하였고, 신체적 자기개념을 독립변수로 하고 자기효능감을 종속변수로 하는 다중회귀분석(multipie regression analysis)을 실시하였으며, Enter 방식으로 처리하였다. 이와 같은 방법과 절차에 따른 자료 분석을 통하여 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 카지노 시큐리티 종사자들의 운동행동변화단계는 성별과 근무형태에 따라 운동행동변화단계에 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 운동행동변화단계에서 유지단계로 이행 할수록 신체적 자기개념과 자기효능감을 지각하는 정도가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 신체적 자기개념의 하위요인 중, 신체활동과 체지방에 대한 정도가 자기효능감에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다.

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the stages of exercise behavior change and physical self-concept and self-efficacy of security employees in hotel casinos. The sampling was drawn from employees at 8 casinos which had more than 30 employees. Participants were selected by convenience sampling method and they completed questionnaires about Physical Self-Concept and Self- Efficacy by self-administration method under supervision of trained researchers SPSS 16.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Science) was used for data analysis in the present study. Reliability and validity were examined for the present study. The principle component factor analysis and varimax rotation were used for the present study. Eigen value 1.0 was the criterion for selecting factors. Chi-square (X) 2 test was utilized for measuring the difference in gender and types of job duties at the stages of exercise behavior change. One-way ANOVA was employed to examine the relationship between the stages of exercise behavior change as an independent variable and physical self-concept and self-fficacy as dependent variables. The Scheffe method was used to determine mean differences of groups as a follow-up test. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to test the difference of physical self-concept as dependent variable and self-efficacy as independent variable. To verify hypothesis for the study, a statistical significance level of α=.05 was used. The results were as follow: first, there were differences found for gender and types of job responsibilities in the stages of exercise behavior change. Secondly, as security employees progressed through the stages of exercise behavior change, their physical self-concept and self-efficacy improved. Finally, physical activity and body fat had significant main effects on self-efficacy.

The transformative power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally reshaping the healthcare landscape. However, much less is known about how individual users perceive AI-based mobile health interventions. Motivated by such gaps, this study aims to identify (1) the effect of AI interventions on health behavior change, (2) whether AI interventions are as effective as human interventions, and (3) how we can improve the effectiveness of AI interventions with human, reliability, or transparency-related features. Result suggested that while AI intervention effectively improves the achievement rate of health behavior change, it is significantly less effective than Human intervention. The result also shows that users exhibit the highest achievement rate when they receive Human-AI intervention. Regarding the effect of reliability and transparency features on users’ health behavior change, AI-Transparency intervention exhibits a significantly higher achievement rate compared to AI intervention while AI-Reliability intervention does not outperform AI intervention.

목적: 본 연구는 COVID-19 이후 뉴노멀시대에서 소비자 구매 행동의 변화와 이로 인한 백화점 뷰티어드바이저의 심리적 불안이 고용 가능성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 조사하는 것이 목적으로, 이 관계에서 인지적 유연성의 매개 역할을 이해하고자 한다. 방 법: 이를 위해 2023년 6월 20일부터 7월 20일까지 백화점 뷰티 어드바이저 600명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시했으며, 555명의 데 이터를 수집하였다. 연구의 타당성을 보장하기 위해 SPSS WIN 25.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 심리적 불안이 백화점 뷰티 어 드바이저의 고용 가능성에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 인지적 유연성이 매개 역할을 하여, 인지적 유연성이 높을수 록 변화하는 소비자 행동의 부정적인 영향을 완화할 수 있음을 시사한다. 결론: 본 연구는 백화점 뷰티 어드바이저의 인지적 유연 성을 향상시키는 것이 뉴노멀 환경에 더 잘 적응하게 하여 고용 가능성을 높일 수 있음을 결론지었다. 화장품 기업은 이러한 통찰을 활용하여 직원의 인지적 유연성과 변화하는 소비자 행동에 대한 대응력을 향상시키는 전략을 개발함으로써 경쟁력을 유지하고 역 동적인 시장에서 성장을 달성할 수 있을 것이다

Purpose: The research aims to investigate how changes in customer purchasing behavior and the resulting psychological anxiety of beauty advisors affect their employability in the new normal era following COVID-19. Additionally, it seeks to understand the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in this relationship. Methods: To accomplish this, a questionnaire survey was administered to 600 department store beauty advisors between June 20 and July 20, 2023, and data from 555 were collected. To ensure the validity of the study, a research model was tested, using SPSS WIN 25.0. This study investigated whether psychological anxiety and changes in consumers' purchasing behavior affected department store beauty advisors' employability and etc. Results: The findings reveal that psychological anxiety significantly affect the employability of department store beauty advisors. Cognitive flexibility plays a mediating role, suggesting that higher cognitive flexibility can mitigate the negative impacts of changing consumer behaviors on employability. Conclusion: The study concludes that enhancing cognitive flexibility among beauty advisors can help them better adapt to the new normal environment, thereby improving their employability. Cosmetic businesses can leverage these insights to develop strategies that enhance their employees' cognitive flexibility and responsiveness to changing consumer behaviors and etc.

目的: 本研究旨在调查顾客购买行为的变化以及由此产生的美容顾问的心理焦虑如何影响他们在COVID-19后的 新常态时代的就业能力。此外，它还试图了解认知灵活性在这种关系中的中介作用。方法: 为此，在2023年6 月20日至7月20日期间对600名百货公司美容顾问进行了问卷调查，收集了555名的数据。为了保证研究的有效 性，使用SPSS WIN 25.0对研究模型进行了测试。本研究调查心理焦虑和消费者购买行为的变化是否影响百货公 司美容顾问的就业能力等。结果: 研究结果表明，心理焦虑显着影响百货公司美容顾问的就业能力。认知灵活性 起着中介作用，这表明较高的认知灵活性可以减轻消费者行为变化对就业能力的负面影响。结论: 增强美容顾问 的认知灵活性可以帮助他们更好地适应新常态环境，从而提高他们的就业能力。化妆品企业可以利用这些见解 来制定策略，增强员工的认知灵活性和对不断变化的消费者行为的响应能力等。

Studies have shown that smells can have strong impacts on wellbeing with pleasing scents often providing mental relief or comfort and repulsive odors bringing about stress or psychological instability. In this experiment, ammonia gas was used as an odor stressor to apply smell stress to mice. Changes in behavior, such as development of aggressive or depressive tendencies, were observed. Results showed that ammonia gas caused significant amounts of stress on mice and eventually made them depressed. In order to investigate the positive effects of smell, DendropanaxMorbiferusH.Lev.(DMHL), known as a cure for cancer and immune system diseases, was used through diet and fumigation methods to mitigate the stress of the mouse. Observation of changes in cortisol level, AST, ALT, etc. in the mice showed that DMHL leaves actually relieved the stress of the mice and increased their perceptive ability, suggesting that odors like that from DMHL can be used in different applications to help people overcome depression and relieve stress. Overall, smell greatly influences people and mice both positively and negatively, depending on its use and type. The conclusions from this study have important implications for aromatherapy that could be used for curing people mentally influenced or developed further to create better environments for people.

본 연구는 일터영성이 변화지향 조직시민행동과 혁신적 업무행동에 미치는 영향과 이 변수들 간의 관계에 있어서 잡크래프팅의 매개역할을 분석하였다. 가설을 검증하기 위하여 국내 기업 에 근무하는 조직구성원을 대상으로 연구자료를 수집하였고, 불성실 또는 누락이 있는 답변을 제외한 215부를 분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일터영성은 잡크래프팅과 혁신적 업무행동에 각각 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 잡크래 프팅은 변화지향 조직시민행동과 혁신적 업무행동에 각각 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타 났다. 마지막으로, 잡크래프팅은 일터영성-변화지향 조직시민행동 관계를 완전 매개하고, 일터 영성-혁신적 업무행동 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 본 연구결과가 제시하 는 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 논의하였다.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of workplace spirituality on change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and innovative work behavior, and the mediating role of job crafting in the relationships between workplace spirituality, change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and innovative work behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: In order to verify the hypothesis established, research data were collected from employees working at domestic companies. 215 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Results: Results of this study showed that workplace spirituality was positively related to job crafting and innovative work behavior, respectively. Results also showed that job crafting was positively related to change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and innovative work behavior, respectively. Specifically, results showed that job crafting completely mediated the workplace spirituality-change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior relationship, and that partially mediated the workplace spirituality-innovative work behavior relationship. Conclusion: Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of this study were discussed.

혁신적 행동은 조직의 장기적인 생존을 위해 점점 더 중요해지고 있으며, 변화 지향적 리더십은 특히 구성원 의 혁신적 행동을 촉진하는 데 효과적이라고 주장되고 있다. 하지만 이 관계에 대한 실증적 증거가 부족하기 때 문에, 본 연구는 변화 지향적 리더십이 구성원의 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것에 중점을 두었다. 구체적으 로, 본 연구는 변화 지향적 리더십과 과업 성과 간의 관계에서 혁신적 행동의 매개 효과와 변화 지향적 리더십 과 혁신적 행동 간의 관계에서 심리적 임파워먼트의 조절 효과를 분석하였다. 동일방법편의(common method bias)를 해결하기 위해 3차에 걸쳐 설문지를 수집하였고, 연구 결과 심리적 임파워먼트는 변화 지향적 리더십과 혁신적 행동 간의 관계를 조절하며, 혁신적 행동은 변화 지향적 리더십과 과업 성과 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으 로 나타났다. 또한, 심리적 임파워먼트를 느끼는 개인이 변화 지향적 리더십을 인식할 때 혁신적 행동에 더 많이 참여할 가능성이 있다는 매개된 조절 효과가 발견되었다.

Innovative behavior is increasingly important for an organization’s long-term survival and change-oriented leadership has been argued to be particularly effective in engendering follower innovative behavior. Due to the lack of empirical evidence for this relationship, this study focuses on linking change-oriented leadership to follower performance outcomes. Specifically, the study explored how innovative behavior mediates the relationship between change-oriented leadership and task performance, as well as how psychological empowerment moderates the relationship between change-oriented leadership and innovative behavior. Data were gathered through a three-wave self-reported questionnaire conducted in South Korea. The study found psychological empowerment to moderate the relationship between change-oriented leadership and innovative behavior while innovative behavior mediated the relationship between change-oriented leadership and task performance. Moreover, the study found mediated moderation suggesting that individuals that feel empowered are more likely to engage in innovative behaviors when they perceive change-oriented leadership.

This study examines how attribution patterns influence climate change response behaviors in South Korea. Analyzing data from 1,898 South Korean respondents, the research investigates the impact of external attribution (blaming others or external factors) on climate action while controlling for established predictors from risk perception paradigms and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Regression analysis confirms that external attribution negatively affects climate change response behaviors (β=-0.046, p<0.01), supporting the hypothesis that attributing climate change causes and solutions to external factors reduces willingness to engage in climate-responsive actions. However, personal norms (β=0.218), sense of control (β=0.183), and knowledge (β=0.138) emerged as stronger predictors of climate action. The findings suggest that effective climate communication strategies should emphasize personal responsibility and agency, enhance climate knowledge, frame climate action in terms of benefits rather than threats, and recognize existing personal responsibility rather than attempting to instill it from scratch.

본 연구는 행동 유형에 따라 자기관리 수업의 효과성이 달라지는가를 보기 위해, 첫째, 자기관리 수업의 개입효과를 목표 행동에 따라 나누어 직접적으로 비교하고, 둘째, 다수의 측정변인으로 개입효과를 측정하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 한 대학교에서 자기관리 수업을 수강하면서 행동수정 프로젝트를 완료한 수강생들 중 제외기준에 해당하는 147명을 제외한 121명을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 자기관리 수업은 기저선(2-3주), 자기관리 수업(3개월), 종결로 진행되었다. 수업의 첫 주와 마지막 주에 수강생들은 자기보고 설문을 작성하였다. 이에 더하여, 수강생들은 자신의 목표행동을 매일 기록하였다. 연구자는 이렇게 수집된 행동자료를 PEM, 개입 전-후의 신뢰구간 비교의 방법으로 분석하였다. 목표 행동에는 학습, 운동, 수면, 긴장 습관, 식습관이 있었는데, 연구 결과, 자기관리 수업의 개입효과는 목표 행동의 유형에 따라 유의하게 다르게 나타났다. 구체적으로, 긴장습관에는 수면과 운동 행동보다 더 많은 변화가 있었다. 결과는 측정변인에 관계없이 거의 유사했다. 이 같은 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 함의와 한계점에 대해 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the effectiveness of a self-management (SM) course differed depending on the target behavior type. Undergraduate students were taught behavioral principles relevant to self-management and were asked to modify their own problem behaviors using those principles. In the present study, we (a) directly compared the effectiveness of the SM course across target behavior types and (b) measured behavior change outcomes based on three variables. A total of 268 university students took the SM course and participated in the self-modification project, and 121 students were used for analysis. The study timeline was as follows: baseline (2-3 weeks), SM course (3 months), and final week. During the baseline and final weeks, students filled out self-report questionnaires. In addition, they recorded their daily behavior during the SM course regarding their target problem behavior. The result revealed that the effectiveness of the SM course was significantly different depending on the behavior type, which were study habits, exercise behaviors, sleeping habits, nervous habits, and eating habits. More specifically, nervous habits were more amenable to change through the SM course than sleep habits and exercise behavior. These findings were similar across the three different outcomes measures. Implications and limitations are discussed.

Smoking is considered to be one of the important risk factors associated with various health problems. Thirty seven million people in America quit smoking in the past decade, with 90% quitting on their own(Americal Heart Association, 1986). According to McAlister(1975), 70% of smokers reported that they adopted a self-help smoking cessation approach rather than a formal treatment program. In our country, although, auccessful exsmokers have used, are not available, concerns about smoking cessation have increased, recently, due to changes in social and political attitudes to health promotion. This study was conducted to help smokers who had made a decision to adopt a self-helf smoking cessation approach instead of depending on a formal treatment program. It provided a structurd way for sucessful smoking cessation by identifying change mechanism factors which have been commonly used by smokers. The subjects selected for this study were 155 university students between 20 and 29. Years of age the results from the analysis of the collected data showed that seven factors in the self-help change processes significant, and they are named, Stimulus Control, Self-Determination, Information Management, Reinforcement Management, Helpful Relationships, Dramatic Relief, and Cognitive Restructuring. All of the factors except Self-Determination represent the same change mechanisms which are proposed by Prochaska et at.(1988). Self-Determination uniformly includes items belonging to various change processes. Therefore, it might be an transitional factor including strategies related to both cognitive and behavioral dimensions. In spite of this, noted that one item which gives meaning of Self-Determination shows the highest factor loading, it is named Self-Determination.

본 연구는 금연을 실천 및 유지하는 소비자들의 정보요구와 정보탐색행태를 조사하고, 다양한 단계에서 얻은 건강 정보가 건강 행동 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 특히 이 연구에서는 소비자가 건강에 해로운 행동을 변경하는 데 도움이 되는 모바일 건강 애플리케이션(건강 앱)을 사용하는 방법과 금연 앱 사용이 건강 행위 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 이 연구는 금연 앱을 사용하는 대학생을 대상으로, 2017년 12월부터 2018년 7월까지 7개월 동안 참여자의 흡연 행동 변화를 관찰하고 대면 인터뷰를 실시했다. 실천단계의 참여자들에 따르면, 금연 기간, 건강 상태 변화, 금연으로 인한 비용 절감 등의 시각화된 정보가 금연을 독려했다. 유지 단계의 참여자들은 금연 앱이 제공하는 커뮤니티를 통해 다른 금연시도자들과 자신의 경험 및 사회적 지원을 공유함으로써 금연의 중요성과 성취를 인식하는 데 도움이 된다는 것을 강조했다. 이 연구는 행동 수정 과정에서 모바일 앱을 사용하는 건강 정보 소비자의 정보 요구 및 정보탐색행태의 유형을 식별했다는 점에서 정보 행위 분야에 이론적 함의를 제공한다. 연구 결과는 금연 시도자의 정보 요구를 반영한 금연 앱의 콘텐츠 설계에 기여할 수 있으며, 나아가 건강 행위 변화에 효과적인 정보 중재 전략을 촉진하는 건강 정보 서비스에 대한 실질적인 통찰을 제시할 수 있다.

The present study aimed to investigate the information needs and information seeking behavior of consumers who attempted to quit or maintain the ceasing of smoking and analyze the effects of the health information obtained at different stages. In particular, we examined how consumers use mobile health applications(health apps) as aids to change unhealthy behaviors and how their use of health apps influence health behavior changes. For 7 months from December 2017 to July 2018, the researchers observed changes in smoking behaviors of college students who use smoking-cessation apps and conducted face-to-face interviews. Regarding the effects of smoking-cessation apps, the participants in the action stage reported that they were encouraged to quit smoking by visualized information such as the number of days of smoking cessation, change of health status, and the saving of money due to smoking cessation. The participants in the maintenance stage highlighted that smoking cessation apps were helpful in recognizing the importance and achievement of smoking cessation by sharing experiences and social support with other attempters in the app community. The study provided theoretical implications in the field of information behavior in that it identified the particular types of information needs and information-seeking behavior of the consumers who were using mobile apps in their behavior modification process. In addition, those findings can contribute to designing the contents of the smoking cessation apps that reflect the information needs of those who attempt to cease smoking and further suggest practical insights to health information services that promote effective information intervention strategies in health behavior change.

Purpose: This study was to predict the stage of exercise behavior change in undergraduate students and to identify the factors affecting exercise behavior change by using the trans theoretical Model. Method: The subjects were 193 undergraduate students at K and D university in D city. Data were collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling and analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. Results: 77.7% of 193 nursing students do not exercise or they exercise irregularly. Exercise self- efficacy score and exercise benefits score were decreased with advancing exercise stage, on the other hand exercise barriers score and the process of exercise behavior change score were increased. In addition to this, the results revealed that stage of exercise behavior was significantly correlated with the process of exercise behavior change, exercise benefits, exercise barriers and exercise self-efficacy. Conclusion: These results suggested that the process of exercise behavior change, exercise decisional balance and exercise self-efficacy can be potential affecting factors for the stages of behavior change in university students. Therefore, these findings give useful information for educating nurse to construct nursing service programs focused on the stage of behavior change.

Purpose: This study was to identify the factors associated with stages of exercise behavior change of residents in a community on the basis of the Transtheoretical Model. Methods: Data were collected from 520 residents of a community using a self-report questionnaire. The survey variables comprised the stages of exercise behavior change, the process of change, decisional balance and self efficacy. Results: There were significant differences in the process of change, decisional balance and self efficacy by the stages of exercise behavior change. The factors associated with transition from pre-contemplation to contemplation were consciousness raising and self efficacy; regarding those from contemplation to preparation, cons of the decisional balance and social liberation;regarding those from preparation to action, dramatic relief and counter conditioning; regarding that from action to maintenance, cons of the decisional balance. Conclusion: TTM would be applicable to explain the exercise behavior of some residents in a community, which suggested that the programs for improving exercise behavior of residents in a community need to be developed.