Earticle

This study examined the application of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles in inclusive physical education (IPE) through a systematic review of domestic research conducted between 2018 and 2023. UDL’s three core principles—Representation, Engagement, and Action & Expression—were found to enhance participation and inclusion by addressing diverse learner needs. The findings indicated that UDL-based strategies improved comprehension, fostered positive attitudes toward diversity, and promoted meaningful participation for students with and without disabilities. However, challenges such as limited teacher expertise, insufficient resources, and a lack of large-scale research hindered broader implementation. This study highlighted the potential of UDL to transform IPE and recommended targeted teacher training, infrastructure improvements, and further empirical research to support equitable and inclusive educational practices.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of routine training with an externalized attention focus on tennis players' self-efficacy and skill level in a competitive serve situation. The subjects were high school freshman players with 7 years of experience. The test instruments were the Test of Psychological Skills in Sports (TOPS-2), the Test of Psychological Skills in Tennis, and a self-efficacy questionnaire tailored to tennis. Psychological counseling and psychological skills training were conducted 16 times over a period of about three months from July to the end of October 2023, taking about one to three hours per session. As a result, the sports performance strategy test showed improvements in emotion control, automatic performance, relaxation, and negative thoughts. On the Tennis Psychological Skills Test, anxiety control, confidence, and ability to focus attention improved. In terms of self-efficacy, there was a significant increase in self-efficacy on the backhand, and as a result of applying the routine training based on externalized focus in competitive situations, the success rate of the technique on the first and second serve improved by about 10% or more. However, this study was unable to measure and observe the process of change in competition at the final stage of sports psychological skills training. In a follow-up study, it is necessary to check how the improvement of mental and technical skills in practice situations is transferred to actual matches.

This study aims to identify vitalization plans for business team management fit for the characteristics of Chungcheongbuk Province by analyzing the current management of business teams in the province and their macroscopic internal and external environments. For this purpose, the study carried out a literature review, PEST analysis, and three expert meetings. The findings identified a couple of developmental plans for the vitalization of business teams in Chungcheongbuk Province. First, it is necessary to enact ordinances to manage local business teams based on the National Sports Promotion Act. Second, the Chungbuk Sports Festival should be improved to be a competition mainly for professional athletes. Third, the Chungbuk Sports Council should revise the reward provisions for instructors whose players win a medal at national sports festivals and increase the amount. Finally, business teams and their players should donate their talent to local residents regularly and create an atmosphere for doing sports with them further.

The purpose of this study is to study awareness on dietary behaviors, nutrition knowledge and nutrition facts labels among middle school students in Seoul, Korea. Total study subjects were 110 students, 27.3% was boys and 72.7% was girls. As a result of whether or not they had experience of reading the nutrition label, 64 (58.2%) of the respondents answered 'yes', and among them, 18 (60%) were male students and 46 (57.5%) were female students. am. The nutrition labeling system is one of the food labeling items, and it is important nutrition information because it helps consumers to choose products suitable for their health. As a result of analyzing dietary behaviors, it was found that boy students received higher scores than girl students. In particular, boy students showed the highest response rate to protein among the items considered most important among nutritional information labels. On the other hand, girl students showed the highest response rate to total calories. Through this, we can see that the nutritional labeling that is considered important differs depending on gender. Regarding nutritional knowledge, the percentage of correct answers was generally high, but education about diseases caused by deficiency should be strengthened. These results provided multifaceted basic data for middle school students' correct dietary behaviors and nutrition knowledge for nutrition education.

This study was aimed to examine the recovery of the muscular function in a soccer player with partial meniscectomy by rehabilitation training. For this study, a subject participated in a rehabilitation training program to recover the lower limb muscular function for 6 weeks, 2-3times/week. The results were as follows. 1) Involved side of isokinetic muscular strength of flexion and extension in the soccer player with partial meniscectomy after rehabilitation training improved by 21% and 33%, respectively. 2) Involved side of isokinetic muscule power of flexion and extension in the soccer player with partial meniscectomy after rehabilitation training improved by 20% and 36%, respectively. 3) The difference in muscle strength of flexion and extension between the involved and non-involved side in the soccer player with partial meniscectomy after rehabilitation training decreased by 73% and 94%, respectively. 4) The difference in muscle power of flexion and extension between the involved and non-involved side in the soccer player with partial meniscectomy after rehabilitation training decreased by 28% and 81%, respectively. Therefore, the rehabilitation training program for the soccer player with partial meniscectomy applied in this study will be effectively strengthening the muscle strength/power and narrowing the gap between the involved and the non-involved side of the muscular function.

This study investigated the relationship between the motivation of Chinese international students in physical education to study abroad and the factors that hinder their studies, and analyzed the moderating effect according to gender to draw the following conclusions. First, the forced factors of the motivation to study abroad of Chinese students in physical education had a statistically significant effect on the external and internal factors of the academic interference. Second, in the moderating effect according to gender, the forced factor showed interaction effect in the internal factor of academic interference , so gender played a moderating role and male students showed high influence on the internal interference factor by the coercion of motivation. In other words, in order to reduce the academic obstruction of Chinese students in physical education, it is necessary to provide various educational programs for the forced international students and to make efforts of the related persons to change motivation. In addition, it is necessary to apply the academic management system through close guidance to male international students compared to women to maintain a successful study abroad life.

The purpose of this study is to understand the importance of physical and social servicescape factors among the servicescape provided by airlines and to analyze the structural relationship on customer satisfaction and revisiting of golf tourists. Focusing on the questionnaire collected to derive the research results, SPSS Ver. 24.0 and AMOS Ver. 24.0 were used to verify the hypothesis through structural equation model analysis, and all statistical significance levels were set to p<.05. The airline's physical and social servicescape had a structural relationship with customer satisfaction. A structural relationship was established on customer satisfaction revisiting. It was confirmed that the airline's physical and social servicescape affects customer satisfaction, and various service factors such as food and beverage, general service, cleanliness, cabin crew, and passenger-appropriate behavior affect customer satisfaction, so continuous management is required. In addition, it was found that head satisfaction plays an important role in satisfaction management because it has a positive effect on revisiting.

This study aims to generalize various moral problems in sports based on the moral foundations theory, to clarify how it manifests as a moral tendency, and to develop a scale to check the differences in viewpoints of problems according to moral tendencies. For this study, 632 participants from 10 to 50 years old participated in the experiment, and six factors and forty three preliminary questions were extracted through semi-structured interviews related to sports morality and prior research analysis. The pilot scale data were analyzed by rasch model and confirmatory factor analysis for the development and validation of a scale assessing sports moral foundations. As a result, sports moral foundations scale is composed of six factors;care/harm(3), fairness/cheating(3), loyalty/betrayal(3), authority/subversion(3), sanctity/denial(3), liberty/oppression(2). and 17 questions were developed. The statistical analysis showed that both convergent validity and discriminant validity were secured and good values were obtained in model fit test. In future, it is expected that the sports moral foundations scale will be used as an test paper to measure individual's moral inclination in sport situations, and it is possible to provide new implications for future sports morality studies in sports and morality research.

The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological factors of public sports club athletes by analyzing the effects of intrinsic motivation on sport confidence and performance strategies. Based on this, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The following conclusions were drawn: First, the relationship between intrinsic motivation and sport confidence in public sports club athletes was found to have a significant positive impact. Second, the relationship between intrinsic motivation and performance strategies in public sports club athletes was also found to have a significant effect.