Earticle

The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological factors of public sports club athletes by analyzing the effects of intrinsic motivation on sport confidence and performance strategies. Based on this, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. The following conclusions were drawn: First, the relationship between intrinsic motivation and sport confidence in public sports club athletes was found to have a significant positive impact. Second, the relationship between intrinsic motivation and performance strategies in public sports club athletes was also found to have a significant effect.

This study examined the application of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles in inclusive physical education (IPE) through a systematic review of domestic research conducted between 2018 and 2023. UDL’s three core principles—Representation, Engagement, and Action & Expression—were found to enhance participation and inclusion by addressing diverse learner needs. The findings indicated that UDL-based strategies improved comprehension, fostered positive attitudes toward diversity, and promoted meaningful participation for students with and without disabilities. However, challenges such as limited teacher expertise, insufficient resources, and a lack of large-scale research hindered broader implementation. This study highlighted the potential of UDL to transform IPE and recommended targeted teacher training, infrastructure improvements, and further empirical research to support equitable and inclusive educational practices.

This study analyzed the resilience profile of amateur golfers, focusing on personal characteristics (gender, age group, average score, golf experience, and occupation). For this purpose, amateur golfers were set as the population, and data were collected and analyzed from a sample of 206 members from indoor and outdoor practice facilities across the Daejeon, Chungnam, and Gyeonggi regions. Based on the analysis results, the following conclusions were drawn: First, gender revealed differences in the relational and situational factors of resilience among amateur golfers, with female golfers demonstrating higher resilience levels than male golfers. Furthermore, female golfers showed a tendency for higher situational resilience as their relational resilience increased, suggesting that gender is a significant variable influencing the correlation between relational and situational factors. Second, age group differences were observed in the situational factor of resilience, with golfers in their 40s displaying the highest resilience levels and those in their 30s showing the lowest. Third, golf experience influenced the temperamental and philosophical factors of resilience. Golfers with less than three years of experience scored highest in the temperamental factor, while those with six to nine years of experience scored highest in the philosophical factor. Additionally, among amateur golfers with six to nine years of experience, the correlation between these two factors was the strongest, indicating that golf experience plays a crucial role in the relationship between temperamental and philosophical resilience factors. Fourth, average score impacted the relational and situational factors of resilience, with golfers scoring in the 70s showing the highest resilience levels, while those scoring over 100 displayed the lowest. The correlation between these two factors was strongest in the 70–90 range and weakest in the 80 range, indicating that average score significantly affects the relationship between relational and situational resilience. Fifth, occupation did not present a significant difference in resilience levels among amateur golfers.

This study aimed to identify the enjoyment factors in jump rope activities that influence self-directed learning among elementary school students and to verify the moderating effect of participation in jump rope academies. Data were collected from 264 elementary school students in Gyeonggi-do who either attended a jump rope academy or participated regularly in jump rope activities. Based on the analysis, the following conclusions were drawn. First, the factors of enjoyment in jump rope activities that affect self-directed learning were identified. Motivation and cognitive factors of self-directed learning were found to be related to the enjoyment factors of recognition, health, and interest. Recognition, interest, and health, in that order, showed the highest contribution levels. Therefore, to enhance self-directed learning among elementary students, it is necessary to increase awareness and perceptions of recognition, interest, and health benefits through jump rope activities. Second, the analysis of the moderating effect of participation in jump rope academies indicated that academy participation did not have a moderating effect. Consequently, regular participation in jump rope activities, rather than academy involvement, is important.

The purpose of this study is to understand the importance of physical and social servicescape factors among the servicescape provided by airlines and to analyze the structural relationship on customer satisfaction and revisiting of golf tourists. Focusing on the questionnaire collected to derive the research results, SPSS Ver. 24.0 and AMOS Ver. 24.0 were used to verify the hypothesis through structural equation model analysis, and all statistical significance levels were set to p<.05. The airline's physical and social servicescape had a structural relationship with customer satisfaction. A structural relationship was established on customer satisfaction revisiting. It was confirmed that the airline's physical and social servicescape affects customer satisfaction, and various service factors such as food and beverage, general service, cleanliness, cabin crew, and passenger-appropriate behavior affect customer satisfaction, so continuous management is required. In addition, it was found that head satisfaction plays an important role in satisfaction management because it has a positive effect on revisiting.

This study aims to identify vitalization plans for business team management fit for the characteristics of Chungcheongbuk Province by analyzing the current management of business teams in the province and their macroscopic internal and external environments. For this purpose, the study carried out a literature review, PEST analysis, and three expert meetings. The findings identified a couple of developmental plans for the vitalization of business teams in Chungcheongbuk Province. First, it is necessary to enact ordinances to manage local business teams based on the National Sports Promotion Act. Second, the Chungbuk Sports Festival should be improved to be a competition mainly for professional athletes. Third, the Chungbuk Sports Council should revise the reward provisions for instructors whose players win a medal at national sports festivals and increase the amount. Finally, business teams and their players should donate their talent to local residents regularly and create an atmosphere for doing sports with them further.