Earticle

The purpose of this study is to explore the vocabularies of accepted business résumés in public employment of South Korea. With quantitative method, the study analyzes the three characteristics of business résumés in public employment and its vocabulary distribution. First, business résumés is a self-reflective writing. Second, business résumés is a complex genre of writing. Third, business resume requires more concern on its viewer, personnel officer, than common résumés. Throughout the quantitative morphological analysis, we found all three characteristics are supported.

This study examines the は(ha) at the middle or end of the word in Japanese language textbooks during the Chosun Dynasty based on a review of Japanese and Christian literature. In the 15th century text book, 『Iropa』, は(ha) at the middle or end of the word was written as ‘わ(wa), い(i), う(u), え(e), お(0)’ as it sounded, but was written as ‘は(ha)’ only at ‘候はは’. In the 17th century text book, the original version of 『Cheopheasine o』, it was written as it sounded such as ‘わ(wa), い(i), う(u), え(e), お (o)’ like in 『Iropa』. However, ‘は(ha)’ at the middle of the word was written as ‘は(ha)’ in the later part of the 9th volume of the original version of 『Cheopheasineo』 where names of 8 provinces and 6 states in Japan were written. It was written as ‘は(ha)’ where a postposition located in letters of the10th volume and the later part of the 9th volume of the revised version of 『Cheopheasineo』, which was the 18th century text book. Based on above analyses, the official interpreter at the time was likely to voice ‘は’ at the middle or end of the word as ‘わ(wa)’, but wrote it as ‘は(ha).’ It shows that they knew correctly Japanese in both phonology and writing. Why was it written as it sounds in case of conversation in the same textbook? The reason might be that official interpreters’ purpose of study was mainly ‘speaking’ rather than ‘writing.’ It was written as it sounded in conversation to help people learn speaking more easily. In other words, it was not the error that foreign writers wrote as it sounded as previous studies argued but for the purpose of education despite their knowledge of the difference of pronunciation and writing.

This paper studies Korean double accusative constructions within the frameworks of the Construction Grammar (CxG). We first investigate the syntactic and semantic properties of English double object construction followed by the Korean double accusative examples. Yoon (2015) classifies Korean double accusative construction into six different types based on the characteristics of two noun phrases: double object, inalienable possession, object and accusative marked adverb, object and quantifier/classifier, type-token and modifier-modifiee type. This study adopted Goldberg's construction grammar to analyze Korean double accusative constructions. Goldberg (1995) proposed the central sense of the ditransitive construction is when “the agent successfully causes the recipient to receive the patient.” The verbs Goldberg specifies as arguments to this central sense are verbs of giving, verbs of instantaneous causation and verbs of continuous causation. Because these verb types have substantially different semantics, the central sense needs to be represented into different constructions. Korean double accusative constructions are not limited to the semantic constraints such as transfer of possession. The study shows diverse thematic roles of the arguments are involved in the Korean accusative constructions.

This paper examines Korean speakers' knowledge of semantic computation of telicity in English. Precisely, it addresses the question of whether Korean learners are aware that telicity in English is encoded by the cardinality of objects. To this end, six different types of object NPs were used: eat an apple/the apple/two apples/a piece of cake/apples/cake. Only the first four objects of specified cardinality make a predicate telic. Results of a temporal modification test show that Korean learners have largely acquired that telicity in English relies on the cardinality of objects; crucially, they were able to accept the telic predicates but to reject the atelic predicates with the in X time adverbial. However, they failed to make the telic-atelic distinction regarding the event cancellation test, incorrectly accepting the telic predicates with the continuation denoting the cancelled event. It is argued that this fluctuation is attributable to L1 transfer. The transferred properties of Korean perfectives (i.e., partial completion interpretations) overrode their developing knowledge of telicity in English.

The purpose of this study is to investigate KFL students’ errors in using Korea copula i-ta in their writing assignments. In Korean classes, the Korean copula i-ta is usually simply introduced as a word equivalent to the English be-verb, and there is not much explanation beyond this. However, there are many cases when i-ta cannot be considered as a counterpart to the be-verb, since i-ta and be-verb have many different properties in terms of their meanings and functions. To investigate KFL students’ error patterns in using the Korean copula, this study examined American college students’ writing data for two semesters. Our data show that students often make errors related to meanings and to forms. Errors in meaning include confusion between i-ta and iss-ta ‘to exist’, and between i-ta and toy-ta ‘to become’; and errors in forms include orthographic error, conjugation error, and inappropriate omission. This study shows that errors of i-ta are found prevalently at all levels of proficiency; upper-level students are not exempt and often make errors as they try to produce more complex sentences. We argue that the Korean copula i-ta cannot be simply compared with the English be-verb and should be taught repeatedly and explicitly as students advance into the higher levels, so that they can speak and write Korean more fluently and naturally.

The purpose of the present study is to explore the range of applicability of conceptual metaphors on biomedicine to the unfolding discourse of KOM. To do so, it introduces the five common conceptual metaphors on biomedicine according to Tajer's list (2012) and reviews criticism levelled at them. The study then turns to the conceptual metaphors on KOM and examines how they manifest in KOM unfolding interactions. The findings can be summarized as follows: -THE BODY AS A MACHINE?: KOM puts more weight on the WHOLE and INTERCONNECTED rather than on the PART. -KOM AS WAR?: The metaphor surfaces either intensely militarily or proactively defensively. -KOM AS ART?: In terms of their expertise, training, collaboration, and creativity, some notable correspondences between KOM doctors and performing artists are identified. -KOM AS PRIESTHOOD (KOM DOCTOR AS A PRIEST)?: Deeply personal, yet non-biophysical distress are asked and revealed in the discourse of KOM. -KOM AS A COLLABORATIVE EXPLORATION?: According to one KOM doctor, sharing ki between a doctor and a patient and the latter's trust in the former is important. Overall, the conceptual metaphors on both medicines are not materialized exactly the same, and thus, their compatibility, transferability, and relevance vary. As a result, the two medicines may be able to communicate with each other better by exploring more conceptual metaphors in unfolding discourse and investigate the range or degree of their compatibility transferability, and relevance. In so doing, the two medicines will be able to help the patient better by illuminating the strengths of both medicines.